2015年职称英语考试卫生类补全短文模拟练习题

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1、WashoeLearnedAmericanSignLanguage1Ananimalthatinfluencedscientificthoughthasdied.AchimpanzeenamedWashoeandborninAfricadiedofnaturalcauseslatelastmonthattheageof42ataresearchcenterintheAmericanstateofWashington.Wash0ehadbecomeknowninthescientificcommunity1andaroundtheworldfo

2、rherabilitytouseAmericanSignLanguage2.Shewassaidtobethefirstnon-humantolearnahumanlanguage.Herskillsalsoledtodebate3aboutprimatesandtheirabilitytounderstandlanguage.2ResearchscientistsAllenandBeatrixGardnerbeganteachingWashoesignlanguagein1966.In1969,theGardners7describedWa

3、shoe'sprogressinascientificreport.ThepeoplewhoexperimentedwithWashoesaidshegrewtounderstand4about250words.Forexample,Washoemadesignstocommunicatewhenitwastimetoeat.Shecouldrequestfoodslikeapplesandbananas.Shealsoaskedquestionslike，"Whoiscomingtoplay？"Once5thenewsaboutWashoe

4、spread,manylanguagescientistsbeganstudiesoftheirown6intothisnewandexcitingareaofresearch.Thewholedirectionofprimateresearchchanged.3However,criticsarguedWashoeonlylearnedtorepeatsignlanguagemovementsfromwatchingherteachers.Theysaidshehadneverdevelopedtruelanguageskills.Even

5、now,therearesomeresearcherswhosuggestthatprimateslearnsignlanguageonlybymemory,andperformthesignsonlyforprizes.YetWashoe'skeepersdisagree.RogerFoutsisaformerstudentoftheGardners7.HetookWashoetoaresearchcenterinEllensburg,Washington.There,Washoetaughtsignlanguagetothreeyoung

6、erchimpanzees,whicharestillalive.4ScientistslikeprivateresearcherJaneGoodallbelievesWashoeprovidednewinformationaboutthementalworkingsofchimpanzees8.Today,therearenotasmanyscientistsstudyinglanguageskillswithchimps.Partofthereasonisthatthiskindofresearchtakesaverylongtime.5

7、Debatecontinuesaboutchimps'understandingofhumancommunication.Yet,onethingissure——Washoechangedpopularideasaboutthepossibilitiesofanimalintelligence.词汇：chimpanzeen.黑猩猩criticn.评论家，批评家communityn.社区，圈子workingsn.活动，运行primaten.灵长类动物chimpn.=chimpanzee注释：1.inthescientificcommunity：

8、在科学界，在科学家的圈子里2.AmericanSignLanguage（ASL）：美国手语。利用手、脸部表情、身体姿势表达思想的美国聋哑人语言。在加拿大、墨西哥等地