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1、AGothicReadingofWutheringHeights《呼啸山庄》哥特式阅读1.IntroductionTheterm“Gothic”describes,accordingtotheOxfordAdvancedLearner’sDictionary,“astyleofliteraturepopularinthe18thcenturyand19thcenturies,whichdescribesromanticadventureinmysteriousandfrighteningsetting.”“Gothic”hascometomeantoquite
2、alotofthingsbythisdayandage.Itcouldmeanaparticularstyleofart,beintheformofnovels,painting,orarchitecture;Itcouldmean“medieval”or“uncouth”;itcouldevenrefertoacertaintypeofmusicanditsfans.Whatitoriginallymeant,ofcourse,is“of,relatingtoorresemblingtheGoths,theircivilization,ortheirlang
3、uage”(“gothic”)1.1TheOriginofGothic“Gothic”originallycamefromtheGoths,anearlyGermanictribe,whoinvadedandoccupiedalmostallRomanbetween3and5AD.TheRomansscornfullyregardedthemasbarbaricanduncultured,muchliketheVandals.Thus,“Gothic”wonthemeaning-barbaric,vulgar,anduncultured.Later,theus
4、agegraduallybecameextensive.DuringtheperiodofRenaissance,Italy’shumanistsfirstlyusedtheword“Gothic”.TheycalledthethingsfromthenorthoftheAlps“Gothic”.Peoplealsocalledthoseuprightbuildingswithslendercolumns,sharpJoaquin,andstainedglassesandmosaics“GothicArchitecture”.Thosebuildings,in
5、cludingchurchconstructionorconstruction-relatedstyle,cancreateaformidablepoetbornandasenseofaweofmystery.Thesimilarstylesofsculptures,paintings,includingarchitectureartalsoareknownas“GothicArt”.Then,“Gothic”wasdefinedas“rudeness,barbaric,obsoleteness,ugliness”.1.2GothicNovelTheGothi
6、cnovelisawell-knownliteraturegenre,inwhichtheprominentfeaturesaremystery,doom,decay,oldbuildingswithghosts,madness,andhereditarycursesandsoon.TheEnglishGothicnovelbeganwithHoraceWalpole’sTheCastleofOtranto(1765),whichwasenormouslypopularandquicklyimitatedbyothernovelistsandsoonbecam
7、earecognizablegenre.Tomostmodernreaders,however,areinsipidandflat;theactionmovesatafastclipwithnoemphasisorsuspense,despitethesupernaturalmanifestationsandayoungmaiden’sflightthroughdarkvaults.Butcontemporaryreadersfoundthenovelelectrifyinglyoriginalandthrillinglysuspenseful,withits
8、remotesetting,itsus
