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1、NewHorizonCollegeEnglishThirdEditionReadingandWritingBookOneUnit1FreshStartTextATowardaBrightFutureforAllBeforereadingBeforereadingTextA,youmayneedtoknowthefollowingthingstohelpyouwithabetterunderstanding.AmericanhighereducationIntheUnitedStates,studentscanch
2、oosetogotocollegeafterhighschool.(Theycanalsochoosetogostraighttotheworkforceafterhighschool.)Theyhavetheoptionofattendingatwo-yearcommunitycollegebeforeapplyingtoafour-yearuniversity.Admissiontocommunitycollegeiseasier,tuitionislower,andclasssizesareoftensma
3、llerthanatauniversity.Communitycollegestudentscanearnanassociatedegreeandtransferuptotwoyearsofcoursecreditstoauniversity.Collegeanduniversitystudentsneedtopaytuition,butmanyearnscholarshipsorreceiveloans.Althoughadmissionspoliciesvaryfromoneuniversitytoanoth
4、er,mostdetermineadmissionbasedonseveralcriteria,includingastudent'shighschoolcourseofstudy,highschoolGradePointAverage(GPA),participationinextracurricularactivities,SAT(ScholasticAssessmentTest)orACT(AmericanCollegeTesting)examscores,awrittenessay,andpossibly
5、apersonalinterviewwitharepresentativefromtheadmissionsoffice.MoststudentsintheUnitedStatestaketheSATReasoningTestortheACTduringtheirfinalyearofhighschool.EachuniversitysetsaminimumSATorACTscorethatastudentmustachieveinordertogainadmission.Thesearestandardized
6、quantitativeexaminations.TheSATtestscriticalreading,mathematics,andwritingskills.TheACTtestsEnglish,mathematics,reading,sciencereasoning,andincludesanoptionalwritingtest.Extracurricularactivitiesmayincludescholasticclubs,athleticteams,studentgovernment,andphi
7、lanthropicclubs.Voluntaryparticipationinthesekindsofactivitiesisanindicationthatastudenthaslearnedvaluablelifelessons,suchasteamwork,leadership,orcivicresponsibility.Universitystudentspursuingabachelor'sdegreearecalled"undergraduates";studentspursuingamaster'
8、sordoctoraldegreearecalled"graduatestudents".Mostuniversitiesgiveundergraduatestudentsaliberaleducation,whichmeansstudentsarerequiredtotakecoursesacrossseveraldisciplinesbeforetheyspecial