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1、Module6TheWorld’sCulturalHeritagePartTwoTeachingResourcesSection1BackgroundReadingsforModule6TheWorld’sCulturalHeritage1.Conkers:（英国的）康克戏（一种儿童游戏，双方各用绳子系住一个七叶树果，以击破对方的七叶树果为胜）PlayingconkersisaBritishgamewhichiscenturiesold.Intheautumn,boyscollectthefallennutsoftheHorseChestnuttree,whic
2、harelarge,roundandbrownandcommonlyknownasconkers.Theymakeaholeinthemiddleofeachnutfromtoptobottomandthreadapieceofstringthroughit,knottingitunderneath.Theythenfindapartnerwhohasaconkerandplaythegamelikethis:BoyAtakeshisconkerstringatthetopandholdsitatarm’slength,sothattheconkerdangle
3、sdownfreeattheotherendofthestring;BoyBthentriedtohitthisconkerwithhis,withthearmofbreakingit.WhenBhashadhisturn,heholdshisconkeroutandBoyAtriestohithisconker.Thiscontinuesuntiloneoftheconkersisbroken.Thefirsttimeanewconkerbreaksanotherconkeritbecomesa“oner”,andifitgoesontobreakothers
4、itbecomesa“twoer”,a“threer”andsoon.Childrenareveryproudofconkersthatbreakmanyothers.Theconker“season”isfromtheendofSeptemberonintoOctober,whenthehorsechestnutsfallfromthetrees.Schoolplaygroundsareoftencoveredwithbrokenconkers,asmanypairsofboysplaythegame.Playingconkersisanimportantpa
5、rtofBritishintangibleculturalheritagewhichhasbeenpasseddownorallyfromgenerationtogeneration.2.ScottishGaelicScottishGaelic(盖尔语)isoneofthelanguagesintheCelticbranchofIndo-Europeanfamily.ItwasintroducedintoScotlandfromIrelandaround500AD.Bythe11thCentury,itwasthedominantlanguagethrougho
6、utScotland,butsincethenhasbeendeclining,duetotheinfluenceofEnglandandtheEnglish.Inthe2001Census,thepopulationofScotlandwas5,062,011;ofthese4,968,729peoplesaidtheyhadnoknowledgeofGaelic,andonly31,235saidtheycouldspeak,readandwriteGaelic,whileafurther27,415saidtheycouldspeakbutnotreado
7、rwriteit,and7.413otherpeoplesaidtheycoulddooneoftheotherskills.TherewasadeclineinGaelicspeakersfrom1991(65,978)to2001(58,652).ThisdeclinewasparticularlynoticeableinthetraditionalheartlandsoftheGaidhealtachd(Gaelic-speakingarea)inthenorthwesternpartsofScotland.Thiswasalsoconnectedwith
8、lossofpopula
