牛津译林版高中英语选修八unit 1《the written word》文化背景

牛津译林版高中英语选修八unit 1《the written word》文化背景

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时间:2018-04-03

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1、WilliamShakespeareWilliamShakespeare(1564–1616)wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright,widelyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworld'spreeminentdramatist.HeisoftencalledEngland'snationalpoetandthe"BardofAvon"(orsimply"TheBard").Shakespeareproducedmostofhisknownworkbetween1590an

2、d1613.Hisearlyplaysweremainlycomediesandhistories,genresheraisedtothepeakofsophisticationandartistrybytheendofthesixteenthcentury.Hethenwrotemainlytragediesuntilabout1608,includingHamlet,KingLear,andMacbeth,consideredsomeofthefinestworksintheEnglishlanguage.Shakespearewasarespectedpoeta

3、ndplaywrightinhisownday,buthisreputationdidnotrisetoitspresentheightsuntilthenineteenthcentury.Inthetwentiethcentury,hisworkwasrepeatedlyadoptedandrediscoveredbynewmovementsinscholarshipandperformance.Hisplaysremainhighlypopulartodayandareconstantlystudied,performedandreinterpretedindiv

4、erseculturalandpoliticalcontextsthroughouttheworld.LifeWilliamShakespearewasthesonofJohnShakespeare,asuccessfulgloverandaldermanoriginallyfromSnitterfield,andMaryArden,thedaughterofanaffluentlandowningfarmer.HewasborninStratford-upon-Avonandbaptisedon26April1564.Hisunknownbirthdayistrad

5、itionallyobservedon23April,StGeorge'sDay.Thisdate,whichcanbetracedbacktoaneighteenth-centuryscholar'smistake,hasprovedappealingbecauseShakespearediedon23April1616.Hewasthethirdchildofeightandtheeldestsurvivingson.JohnShakespeare'shouse,believedtobeShakespeare'sbirthplace,inStratford-upo

6、n-Avon.Attheageof18,Shakespearemarriedthe26-year-oldAnneHathaway.Sixmonthsafterthemarriage,shegavebirthtoadaughter,Susanna,whowasbaptisedon26May1583.Twins,sonHamnetanddaughterJudith,followedalmosttwoyearslaterandwerebaptisedon2February1585.Between1585and1592,Shakespearebeganasuccessfulc

7、areerinLondonasanactor,writer,andpartownerofaplayingcompanycalledtheLordChamberlain'sMen,laterknownastheKing'sMen.HeappearstohaveretiredtoStratfordaround1613,wherehediedthreeyearslater.WorksofShakespeareComedyHistoryTragedyPoetryAll'sWellThatEndsWellAsYouLikeItTheComedyofErrors

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