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1、世贸组织争端解决机制中的举证责任分析（AnalysisoftheburdenofproofindisputesettlementmechanismofWTO）AnalysisofburdenofproofinWTOdisputesettlementmechanismFirst,themeaningoftheterm"burdenofproof"inAngloAmericanlawsystemandcontinentallawsystemInAngloAmericanlaw,"burdenofproof"hastwomeanings:thefirstlayerreferstos
2、ubstantivelaw,whichmeansthatonepartyhastheresponsibilitytoconvincethejuryinthefactfindingofthecase.Thislevelisthe"burdenofproof"istrue,themainmeaning,calledthetheburdenofpersuasion(Note:ChenGang:"theUnitedStateslegalprooforder",seeChenGuangzhongJiangWei,editorof"procedurallawreview"volumese
3、cond,LawPress1998edition,page635th.).AccordingtoBlack'slawdictionary,this"burdenofpersuasion"inthetraditionalpointofview,thetransferwillnothappenatanystageofthecase"(Note:HenryCampbellblackM.ablack's,lawdictionary,fifthedition.pageWestPublishingC.,178,1979.).Thesecondmeaningoftheburdenofpro
4、ofisthatthepartieshavetheobligationtoprovidesufficientevidencetoprovethecaseof"facts",toconvincethejudgeofthecasecancontinue,andthefactthatthetrialbyjury.Thismeaningstemsfromthedivisionoflaborandcooperationbetweenthejuryandthejudgeinthecommonlawsystem.Therefore,itcanbevividlydescribedas"the
5、burdenofgoingforward"or"thedutyofpassingthejudge"".Itshouldbenotedthatthisburdenofproofcanbetransferredbackandforthbetweenthepartiesinthecourseoflitigation,andtheevidenceneededtoprovethepreliminaryfactsofthecaseonlyneedstosomeextent.Themeaningof"burdenofproof"incontinentallawsystem,thatis,t
6、hepartieshavetheresponsibilitytoprovideevidencefortheirownclaims.Thismeaningisconsistentwiththefirstmeaningof"burdenofproof"inAngloAmericanlaw.Becausethecivillawsystemgenerallydoesnotadoptjurysystem,theconceptcorrespondingtothesecondmeaningsofAngloAmericanlawdoesnotexist.Althoughthetwolegal
7、conceptoftheburdenofproofisnotexactlythesame,buttheyhavethefollowingcommon:(1)theburdenofpersuasion(firstsense)isakindofentitylawobligations,transferdoesnotoccurthroughoutthecourseoftheproceedings,butthisdoesnotmeanthatthisresponsibilityintheprocessshall
