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1、美国电视电影的由来（TheoriginofAmericanTVmovies）TheoriginofAmericanTVmoviesThemovieairedonTV,canbetracedbacktothetestperiodoftelevision,butbefore60s,broadcastonAmericantelevisionfilmmostlyin1948beforeshootingtheUS,andfewareofhighqualityandhighboxofficeworks,usuallynotinprimetimebroadcast.Untilthe1961-1962se
2、ason,thenationalbroadcaster(NBC)televisionnetworkfirstintroducedthenewfilmSaturdayNightmovieinprimetime,gaininghighratings.Inaddition,thetwomajortelevisionnetworks,AmericanBroadcastingCompany(ABC)andCbsBroadcastingIncalsolaunchedtheirownprimetimemoviesin1962and1965.Sincethen,theHollywoodfilmonthet
3、elevisionscreenhasbecomeastandard.Thequalityofthefilmoftenattractsalargeaudience,Hitchcock's"bird"reached40%relativeratingswhenbroadcastin1968andNovember1976,therelativeratingsontwobroadcast"gonewiththewind"ismorethan50%.ButthereareproblemswithmovingthemovieontotheTVscreen.Firstofall,thecostistooh
4、igh.Sincethethreemajortelevisionnetworkshavelaunchedfilmcolumns,thedemandforfilmsisquitelarge.Intheearly70s,therewere10eveningmovieprogramsbroadcastonTVnetworkeveryweek.Thedemandforfilmwastoogreatfortheseller'smarket,andHollywoodstudiostooktheopportunitytoraisepricesontelevision.InSeptember1966Osc
5、arwinningfilm"Guangxibridge"broadcast,AmericanBroadcastingCompanyhadtoinvest$3million,thisisashockingnumberatthetime.Anotherproblemistheso-called"new"ismostlyseenfor5yearsormoreyearsoldmovieinthecinema,whetherithadmucheffect,afterall,istheflowerofyesterday;thosewhohavelittleeffectonthefilmmorediff
6、iculttobringtheaudience'sinterest.IntheTVshowwaslargelybasedonnovelty,timelywin,toomuchplayuswillalsoaffectthewholeprogramsystem.Thereisalsoafilmhowtoadapttotheproblemoftelevisionbroadcast.Therearenorulesforcinemamoviesonthelengthoftime,whereastheAmericantelevisionsystemrequiresamoviewithafixedadv
7、ertisingperiodofexactly90minutesor120minutes.Asaresult,mostofthemoviesontelevisionhavetobereedited.ThefamousTVproducerFred.Silvermahadasmalltelevisioneditorofthetimes,inordertomakethe96minutefilm"JailhouseRock"fo
