资源描述：
《现代汉语考点（modern chinese examination sites）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、现代汉语考点（ModernChineseexaminationsites）WhatismodernChinese?ThecommonlanguageofthemodernHannationalityisPutonghua,whichisbasedonthepronunciationofBeijingdialect,thedialectbasedonnortherndialect,andthetypicalmodernvernacularChineseasagrammaticalstandard.The27majordialectsandtheirrepr
2、esentatives1.Northerndialects2.Wudialect,representedbySuzhoudialect3.Xiangdialect,representedbyChangshadialect4.Gandialect,representedbyNanchangdialect5.Hakkadialect,representedbyGuangdongMeixiandialect6.Mindialect,representedbyFuzhoudialect7.Cantonesedialect,representedbyGuangzh
3、oudialectThreethecharacteristicsofphoneticsandvocabularyinmodernChineseVoice：1.thereisnoconsonantcluster2.vowelspredominate3.tones.Vocabulary:1.Chinesemorphologyisshort2.,theformationofnewwordswidelyusedrootcompoundmethod3.,Chinesehasshortermorphologyandmoremonosyllabicmorphemes[
4、secondchapters]Whatisthespeech?Speechisthevoiceofhumanbeing,theexternalformofthephoneticcomponentofmeaningfulcontent,namelythematerialshelloflanguageWhatarethedifferencesbetweenthespeechandothersoundsTheonlysoundthathasthemeaningofwordsisspeech,likelaughterandmoansarenotsoundsThe
5、same:fromthequiverofobjects,ithasthreeattributes,physical,physiologicalandsocial,andthesocialattributeisthefundamentalattributeofspeechThreeattributes-Speech1.physicalattributes.Voiceandsoundwithpitch,timbre,intensityandlengthoffourelements2.physiologicalattributes.Speechsoundsar
6、eproducedbyhuman'svocalorgans,andtheorganscanbedividedintothreeparts:respiratoryorgans,larynxandvocalcords,pharynxcavity,oralcavityandnasalcavity3.socialattributes.Thespeechunit1.phoneme:thesmallestunitofspeech,dividedintotwocategories:consonantsandvowels.Alsocalledconsonantconso
7、nant,suchasB,P,m,F,D,K,Zh,setc.,alsocalledvowelvowel,suchasa,O,e,I,uetc..Theairflowoftheconsonantsisblocked,andtheairflowisnotblockedduringthevowels.2.syllables(seetableP73)Syllablesarethesmallestunitsofspeechthatarenaturallyfeltinconversation.Syllablesaremadeupofphonemes.Onesyll
8、ablecanhaveonlyonephoneme.Usually,aChine
