江西彭泽核电站环境辐射本底初步调查方案探讨

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1、StrategicEnvironmentalAssessment(SEA)andEnvironmentalImpactAssessment(EIA)fortheHydropowerDevelopmentPlaninYunnanProvince，ChinaOuXiaokunYangYonghong(1InstituteofEcologyandGeobotany,YunnanUniversity,Kunming，Yunnan2AppraisalCenterforEnvironment&Engineering．Yunn

2、anProvincialEnvironmentalProtectionBureau，Kunming，Yunnan)Abstract：ThispaperintroducesthedevelopmentprocessofStrategicEnvironmentalAssessment(SEA)fromhomeandabroad,andelaboratesthedefinitionandresearchapproachforSEA．WiththerapidhydropowerdevelopmentinYunnanPro

3、vince，theenvironmentalimpactassessments(ETA)forhydropowerdevelopmentplansinseveralwatershedshavebeencarriedoutintherecentyears．FollowingtheexperiencesandlessonslearnedfromtheEIAsonhydropowerdevelopmentplansinYunnan，somekeyissuesintheenvironmentalimpactassessm

4、entforthesimilarplanshasbeenproposed,includingacorrectcommandoftheEIApoliciesandthecoordinationbetweengovernmentlineagencies，whichfocusesontheaccumulativeenvironmentalimpactbyhydropowerdevelopment，theeffectiveprotectionfortheaquaticcsp．fishes，theminimumecolog

5、icalwaterflowintherivers，publicparticipationinthewholeassessmentprocessandsoon．Keywords：SEA;Environmentalimpactassessmentforplans;Hydropowerdevelopment;Yunnan1DevelopmentofSEATheNationalEnvironmentalPolicyActbyUSAin1969definedclearlythateveryproposalorlegisla

6、tivereport，plan，decisionorotherbigfederalactivitiesmadebythefederalgovernment，whichcouldresultinbigimpacttothehumanenvironmentalquality,shouldcarryouttheenvironmentalimpactassessmentEIA)．Anyonewhohasproposedthedecisionplanshouldberesponsibletosummitthereporto

7、fenvironmentalimpactassessment．Inthemiddleof1970s，someEuropeancountrieshaveexpandedtheapplicationofEIAfromprojectleveltothepolicyandplanninglevel(Steenhofeta1．，2007)．Sincethesustainabledevelopmentstrategyappearedattheendof1980s，theStrategicEnvironmentalAssess

8、ment(SEA)hasbeenacceptedbroadlyintheworldbecauseoftheattributeofmoremacro-perspective．Forexample，Hollandestablisheditslegalinstitutionofstrategicenvironmentalassessmentin1987，demandingtha