备战新高考高中语文真题分类汇编02 阅读理解(应用文+记叙文+新闻报道)(解析版).docx

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专题02阅读理解(应用文+记叙文+新闻报道)高频话题01人与自然—航空航天Passage12022-2023学年下学期·江苏盐城·高二期中ScottKellyvisitedtheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison(UW).Hesharedhisexperiencesinspacewithstudents.Kellygraduatedfromcollegewithanengineeringdegreein1987.HewaslateracceptedintoNavyflightschool.In1995,KellysenthisapplicationtoNASAtobecomeanastronaut.Hethought,“IfI’mgoingtofailatsomething,ImightaswelljustfailatsomethingthatIthinkIcan’tachieve.”That’swhatKellytoldtheaudienceatUW.Tohissurprise,helandedaninterview.From1999to2016,Kellytookpartinfourspacemissions.HisfirstwasarepairtriptotheHubbleSpaceTelescope.Onhissecondtrip,in2007,hewasthemissioncommander.Kellyfinishedhisthirdmissionin2011.Itwasafive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).NASAwasinterestedintheideaofsendingpeopletospaceforanevenlongerperiodoftime.ThespaceagencythenchoseKellytosetoffona340-daymissiontotheISS.Thetripbecameoneofthelongesttimeeverspentinspace.Themainpurposeofthemissionwastostudyhowthehumanbodyrespondstoalongspaceflight.Spaceweakensyourbonesandmusclesbecauseyourbodydoesn’thavetousethemmuchinlowgravity.Thatswhyastronautsworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.Eyesightisalsogreatlyaffectedbyspacetravel.Kellysaysthathewearsglassestocorrecthisvisionbecauseofhistimespentinspace.There’sstillalottolearnabouttheeffectsofspaceflightsonthebody.Andthere’salwaysworktobedoneinspace.Themorepeoplewhogetinterestedinspace,themorestepswecantaketowardapossiblemoonbase,orevenaMarsbase.Forkidsdesiringtobecomeastronauts,Kellyhassomeadvice,“Choosesomethingthatyoulike,becauseifyoulikeit,you’lldobetteratit”.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A.Kellywasveryafraidoffailure.B.Kellywassurethathewouldberejected.C.Kellydidn’treallyliketobeanastronaut.D.Kellywasveryconfidentabouttheapplication.2.HowlongdidKelly’sfourthmissionlast?A.Fivemonths.B.Abouthalfayear.C.Aroundayear.D.Twoyears.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeffectsofspaceflights?A.Wearingglassesinspacecanavoidthem.B.Theydisappearwhenastronautsgethome.C.Professionalexercisecanreducethem.D.Researchershavealreadyovercomethem.4.WhatmayKellyagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Interestisthebestteacher.B.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.Nowayisimpossibletocourage.D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是美国航天员ScottKelly从事航天事业的经历。1.词句猜测题。根据画线句前内容“HewaslateracceptedintoNavyflightschool.In1995,KellysenthisapplicationtoNASAtobecomeanastronaut(后来他被海军飞行学校录取。1995年，凯利向美国宇航局递交了成为一名宇航员的申请。).”可知，他向NASA递交了想成为宇航员的申请，结合划线句子后的“Tohissurprise,helandedaninterview.(令他吃惊的是，他得到了一次面试机会。)”可知，令他惊讶的是，他成功得到了一个面试的机会，由此可推断，“Kelly觉得有可能会被NASA拒绝”，但最终得到面试机会，所以感到很惊讶。故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Kellyfinishedhisthirdmissionin2011.Itwasafive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).NASAwasinterestedintheideaofsendingpeopletospaceforanevenlongerperiodoftime.ThespaceagencythenchoseKellytosetoffona340-daymissiontotheISS.(凯利在2011年完成了他的第三次任务。它在国际空间站(ISS)停留了五个月。美国国家航空和宇宙航行局对把人送到太空停留更长时间的想法很感兴趣。美国宇航局随后选择凯利前往国际空间站执行为期340天的任务。)”可知，在Kelly完成为期5个月的太空站之旅后，NASA对派人到太空更长时间感兴趣，太空局选择Kelly去太空站执行为期340天的任务，即：第四次航天任务为期一年左右，故选C项。3.细节理解题。根据第四段“Spaceweakensyourbonesandmusclesbecauseyourbodydoesn’thavetousethemmuchinlowgravity.Thatswhyastronautsworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.(太空会削弱你的骨骼和肌肉，因为你的身体不需要在低重力下使用它们。这就是为什么宇航员每天至少要锻炼两个小时。)”可知，在太空几乎不用骨骼与肌肉，很容易削弱它们，所以每天需要至少两小时的锻炼，由此可知，专业的锻炼可以减弱太空旅行造成的对骨骼和肌肉的影响。故选C项。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Forkidsdesiringtobecomeastronauts,Kellyhassomeadvice,“Choosesomethingthatyoulike,becauseifyoulikeit,you’lldobetteratit”(对于渴望成为宇航员的孩子，凯利有一些建议：“选择你喜欢的东西，因为如果你喜欢它，你就会做得更好。”)”可知，凯利对想成为宇航员的孩子们说，选择自己喜欢的事情，你就会把它做好，由此可推断，凯利认可“兴趣是最好的老师”，所以建议孩子们在选择职业时要考虑自己的喜好。故选A项。Passage22022-2023学年下学期·江苏海门·高二期中SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceanshelptominimizeclimatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.Oceansareestimatedtohaveabsorbedmorethan90%oftheextraheattrappedintheEarth’satmospherebyhuman-causedgreenhousegasesSwotwillscantheseasfromtheorbitandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩涡),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.“Studyingthemechanismwillhelpclimate学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 scientistsanswerakeyquestion:Whatistheturningpointatwhichoceansstartreleasing,ratherthanabsorbing,hugeamountsofheatbackintotheatmosphereandspeedupglobalwarming,ratherthanlimitingit,”saidNadyaShiffer,Swot’sprogramscientist.Bycomparison,earlierstudiesofwaterbodiesreliedondataofriversoroceanstakenatspecificpoints,orfromsatellitesthatcanonlytrackmeasurementsalongaone-dimensionalline,requiringscientiststofillindatagapsthroughextrapolation(外推法).Thankstotheradarinstrument,SwotcanscanthroughcloudcoveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststoaccuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortimeofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviouslypossible.“Ratherthangivingusalineofelevations,it’sgivingusamapofelevations,andthat’sjustatotalgamechanger,”saidTamlinPavelsky,Swotfreshwaterscienceleader.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“vitalresource”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Technology.B.Climate.C.Oceans.D.Water.6.WhatisthemajormissionofSwot?A.Toexploretheinfluencesofgreenhousegases.B.Toexplaintheconsequenceofglobalwarming.C.ToidentifythecausesofwaterabsorbingheatandCO2.D.Tostudythemechanismofoceansinfluencingclimate.7.WhatmakesitpossibleforSwottomeasureprecisely?A.Thehigh-definitioncomputer.B.Advancedradartechnology.C.Thethree-dimensionalimage.D.Anaccuratemapofelevations.8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASolutiontoClimateChangeB.ABreakthroughinSpaceTravelC.FirstGlobalWaterSurveyfromSpaceD.TheSuccessfulLaunchofSwotSatellite【答案】5.D6.D7.B8.C【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一颗名为Swot的卫星将于周四上午被送入太空，以绘制地球上的水域地图。它将测量海洋能从大气中吸收多少热量和碳。这将帮助科学家了解海洋如何帮助阻止气候变化。5.词句猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.(通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水)”和画线短语所在句子“SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的vitalresource进行全面调查)”可知，Swot卫星通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，收集全球90%学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据，然后对这些水资源进行调查，由此可推知，画线短语“vitalresource”指的是下文提到的“water(水)”。故选D。6.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceansadjustclimatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.(其主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化)”可知，Swot卫星的主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化，即研究海洋如何影响气候变化。故选D。7.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thankstotheradarinstrument,SwotcanscanthroughcloudcoveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststoaccuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortimeofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviouslypossible.(多亏了雷达仪器，Swot可以在地球的大范围内扫描云层和黑暗。这使得科学家能够精确地绘制二维地图，无论天气如何，无论何时，覆盖大面积地理区域的速度比以前快得多)”可知，先进的雷达技术使得Swot能够精确测量。故选B。8.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的重要资源进行全面调查。通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。)”可知，文章报道了计划于周四上午发射的Swot卫星，通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这是第一次从太空观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。由此可推知C项“FirstGlobalWaterSurveyfromSpace(第一次从太空进行的全球水资源调查)”是文章最佳标题。故选C。高频话题02人与自我—家人和亲人Passage12022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·高二期中Americawaswhereallmymother’shopeslay.MymotherbelievedonecouldbeanythinghewantedtobeinAmerica.“Youcanbeaprodigy(神童),too,”mymothertoldmewhenIwasnine.“Youcanbebestatanything.”Wedidn’timmediatelypicktherightkindofprodigy.AtfirstmymotherthoughtIcouldbeaChineseShirleyTemple.We’dwatchShirley’soldmoviesonTVasthoughtheyweretrainingfilms.Mymotherwouldpokemyarmandsay,“Nikan”—Youwatch.SoonaftermymothergotthisideaaboutShirleyTemple,shetookmetoabeautytrainingschoolandputmeinthehandsofastudentwhocouldbarelyholdthescissorswithoutshaking.Insteadofgettingbigfatcurls,Iemergedwithanunevenmassofcrinklyblackfuzz.Infact,inthebeginning,Iwasjustasexcitedasmymother,maybeevenmoreso.Ipicturedthisprodigypartofmeasmanydifferentimages,tryingeachoneonforsize.Iwasadaintyballerinagirlstandingbythecurtains,waitingtoheartherightmusicthatwouldsendmefloatingonmytiptoes.IwasCinderellasteppingfromherpumpkincarriagewithsparklycartoonmusicfillingtheair.Inallofmyimaginings,IwasfilledwithasensethatIwouldsoonbecomeperfect.Mymotherandfatherwouldadoreme.Iwouldbebeyondreproach(责备).Iwouldneverbeannoyedbyanything.Everynightafter学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 dinner,mymotherandIwouldsitattheFormicakitchentable.Shewouldpresentnewtests,takingherexamplesfromstoriesofamazingchildrenshehadreadandadozenothermagazinesshekeptinapileinourbathroom.Mymothergotthesemagazinesfrompeoplewhosehousesshecleaned.Shewouldlookthroughthemall,searchingforstoriesaboutremarkablechildren.Thefirstnightshebroughtoutastoryaboutathree-year-oldboywhoknewthecapitalsofallthestatesandevenmostoftheEuropeancountries.Ateacherwasquotedassayingthelittleboycouldalsopronouncethenamesoftheforeigncitiescorrectly.“What’sthecapitalofFinland?”mymotheraskedme,lookingatthemagazinestory.AllIknewwasthecapitalofCalifornia,becauseSacramentowasthenameofthestreetwelivedoninChinatown.“Nairobi!”Iguessed,sayingthemostforeignwordIcouldthinkof.Shecheckedtoseeifthatwaspossiblyonewaytopronounce“Helsinki”beforeshowingmetheanswer.Thetestsgotharder—multiplyingnumbersinmyhead,findingthequeenofheartsinadeckofcards,tryingtostandonmyheadwithoutusingmyhands,predictingthedailytemperaturesinLosAngeles,NewYork,andLondon.Andafterseeingmymother’sdisappointedfaceonceagain,somethinginsideofmebegantodie.Ihatedthetests,theraisedhopesandfailedexpectations.Beforegoingtobedthatnight,IlookedinthemirrorandwhenIsawonlymyfacestaringback—andthatitwouldalwaysbethisordinaryface--Ibegantocry.Suchasad,uglygirl!Imadehigh-pitched(尖锐的)noiseslikeacrazedanimal,tryingtoscratchoutthefaceinthemirror.AndthenIsawwhatseemedtobetheprodigysideofme—becauseIhadneverseenthatfacebefore.Ilookedatmyreflection,blinkingsoIcouldseemoreclearly.Thegirlstaringbackatmewasangry,powerful.ThisgirlandIwerethesame.Ihadnewthoughts,willfulthoughts,orratherthoughtsfilledwithlotsofwon’ts.Iwon’tletherchangeme,Ipromisedmyself.Iwon’tbewhatI’mnot.1.WhydidthemotherandthegirlwatchShirleyTemple’soldmoviesonTV?A.BecausethemotherwasafanofShirleyTempleB.BecausethegirlresembledShirleyTempleinappearance.C.BecauseShirleyTemple’shairstylewasverypopularamongchildren.D.BecausethemotherwantedherdaughtertobeaChineseShirleyTemple.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEabouttheteststhegirldideverynight?A.Shegotthroughthetestspainfully.B.Shefeltconfidentandfinishedthemsmoothly.C.Shefailedthetestsandbegantoloseconfidence.D.Shemadepreparationsforteststopleasehermother.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthepassagemean?A.Themotherwasdisappointedandgaveupherdaughter.B.Themotherexpectedherdaughtertoknowtherightanswer.C.Theanswersweremorethanoneandthemothercheckedthem.D.Themotherwasnotsureabouttheanswerandwantedtoconfirmit.4.Whatmighthappenafterthelastparagraph?A.Thegirlmightdowhatshereallylikes.B.Thegirlmightdowhateverhermotherasks.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.Thegirlmighttryherbesttobecomesuccessful.D.Themothermightchangeherattitudeandlistentoherdaughter.【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了望女成凤的妈妈把女儿按天才来培养，但无数次的失败让女儿失去信心。但一次镜子前的自省让女儿接受了真正的自我，决定不再受妈妈的摆布，要去做自己真正喜欢做的事。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“AtfirstmymotherthoughtIcouldbeaChineseShirleyTemple.We’dwatchShirley’soldmoviesonTVasthoughtheyweretrainingfilms.(起初，我妈妈认为我可以成为中国的秀兰·邓波儿。我们会在电视上看雪莉演的老电影，就像看训练电影一样)”可知，妈妈和女孩在电视上看秀兰·邓波儿的老电影是因为妈妈希望女儿成为中国的秀兰·邓波儿，让女儿通过看电影来接受训练。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Andafterseeingmymother’sdisappointedfaceonceagain,somethinginsideofmebegantodie.Ihatedthetests,theraisedhopesandfailedexpectations.Beforegoingtobedthatnight,IlookedinthemirrorandwhenIsawonlymyfacestaringback—andthatitwouldalwaysbethisordinaryface—Ibegantocry.Suchasad,uglygirl!(在再次看到母亲失望的脸后，我内心的某些东西开始消亡。我讨厌考试，讨厌那些高涨的希望和失败的期望。那天晚上睡觉前，我照镜子，只看到自己的脸在盯着我看——而且永远都是这张普通的脸——我哭了起来。多么悲伤、丑陋的女孩!)”可知，女孩没有通过那些测试，并开始对自己失去信心。故选C项。3.词句猜测题。根据上文可知，妈妈问女儿“芬兰的首都是哪里?”，女儿给出了一个明显错误的答案“内罗毕”。根据划线句“Shecheckedtoseeifthatwaspossiblyonewaytopronounce“Helsinki”beforeshowingmetheanswer.(在给我看答案之前，她查了一下“赫尔辛基”是否可能是这样发音的)”可知，妈妈专门查了芬兰首都“赫尔辛基”是否可以读作“内罗毕”，由此推知，妈妈非常希望女儿的答案是正确的，甚至寄希望于“内罗毕”是“赫尔辛基”的另一个读音。故选B项。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ilookedatmyreflection,blinkingsoIcouldseemoreclearly.Thegirlstaringbackatmewasangry,powerful.ThisgirlandIwerethesame.Ihadnewthoughts,willfulthoughts,orratherthoughtsfilledwithlotsofwon’ts.Iwon’tletherchangeme,Ipromisedmyself.Iwon’tbewhatI’mnot.(我看着自己的影子，眨了眨眼睛，以便看得更清楚。那个盯着我看的女孩很生气，很强势。这个女孩和我是一样的。我有了新的想法，任性的想法，或者更确切地说，是充满了很多不愿意的想法。我不会让她改变我，我向自己保证。我不会成为我不是的样子)”可推知，女儿的遭受挫折后重新审视了自己，接受了真正的自我，决定不再受妈妈的摆布。接下来，她要去做自己真正喜欢做的事。故选A项。Passage22022-2023学年下学期·江苏连云港·高二期中Goinghomeonbreakisalwaysabittersweetfeeling.Atsomepointduringthesemester,collegemayhavestartedtofeellikeasecondhome.I’mluckysinceIlivelocally.WhenItellpeoplethatIlivesoclosetohome,theyoftenask,“Whyareyoulivingoncampusifyourhouseissoclosetotheschool?”Andtheanswerwasalwaysasenseofcommunity.Yes,I’veheardofthehorrorstoriesofsomecommuterswhoweren’tabletoformasmuchofabondwithpeersaspeoplewhowerelivingoncampus.Buttome,everyoneinmyresidentialhallwaslikeabigfamily.Of学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 course,Iwasclosertosomepeoplemorethanothers,butwewouldallsupporteachother.Collegeisoftenseenasaplacewhereeveryonetendsthemselvesuntiltheymakeittograduation,wherepeoplecompeteforthatinternship(实习)orresearchpositionthatbasicallyeveryoneinyourmajorisaimingfor.Buthere,it’smorecommontoseepeoplestudyingwitheachotherduringreadingperioduntil3a.m.,orbringingStarbuckstotheirfriends.Likemostthings,therearenegativethingsaboutindependenceaswell.Stayingathomeforthelongerbreakremindedmeofeverylittlethingthatmymomwoulddoformeandmysiblings.Idon’tknowaboutyou,butmysiblingsoftenscreamandrunarounduntiltheirbedtime.Sometimes,IwishIwasbackatmydormorthelibraryreadingabook.Instead,Ihavetoplugmyearstotrytonotletthemdrivemecrazywhenmyparentsareatwork.However,atothertimes,theirenthusiasmreallydoeshelprelievemystressafteraweekfilledwithexamsandlabsrightbeforespringbreak.Beinghomereallyisadouble-edgedsword.It’scomfortingtobearoundpeopleyou’veknownforyourentirelife,butitalsocomeswiththesacrifice (牺牲)ofsomeofthethingsyoubuiltintoyourdailyroutineincollege.ButwhatcanIsay,it’salwaysgoodtogobackhome--nothingbeatsChinesefood.5.Whatmakestheauthorchoosetoliveintheschool?A.Asenseofcuriosity.B.Livingawayfromparents.C.Asenseofcommunity.D.Longingforindependence.6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Everyoneprovidesforthemselvesoncampus.B.Studentsstudyforinternshiporresearchposition.C.Thesemomentsmakelivingoncampusrefreshing.D.Studentsstudywitheachotherduringreadingperiod.7.Whydoestheauthormentionhislifeathomeinparagraph5?A.Toremindthateverylittlethingcountsindailylife.B.Toconfirmindependencehassomenegativeeffects.C.Toprovebeinghomereallyisadouble-edgedsword.D.Toinformcollegeiswhereeveryonecaresforthemselves.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Campustimes.B.Ongoinghome.C.Thestoryofgoinghome.D.Unforgettablecollegelife.【答案】5.C6.D7.C8.B【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者觉得大学期间放假回家总是一种苦乐参半的感觉，对作者来说大学是第二个家，虽然回家和你认识了一辈子的人在一起是一件令人欣慰的事情，但这也伴随着你在大学里日常生活中所做的一些牺牲。5.细节理解题。根据第二段中“I’mluckysinceIlivelocally.WhenItellpeoplethatIlivesoclosetohome,theyoftenask,“Whyareyoulivingoncampusifyourhouseissoclosetotheschool?”Andtheanswerwasalwaysasenseofcommunity.(我很幸运，因为我住在当地。当我告诉别人我住得离家很近时，他们经常会问：“如果你的家离学校这么近，你为什么要住在校园里?”答案总是一种社区意识)”可知，是一种社区意识让作者选择住在学校。故选C项。学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 6.细节理解题。根据第四段“Collegeisoftenseenasaplacewhereeveryonetendsthemselvesuntiltheymakeittograduation,wherepeoplecompeteforthatinternshiporresearchpositionthatbasicallyeveryoneinyourmajorisaimingfor.Buthere,it’smorecommontoseepeoplestudyingwitheachotherduringreadingperioduntil3a.m.,orbringingStarbuckstotheirfriends.(大学通常被看作是一个每个人在毕业前都很关心自己的地方，在那里，人们竞争实习或研究职位，而这些职位基本上是你专业的每个人都想要的。但在这里，更常见的是人们在阅读期间互相学习到凌晨3点，或者给朋友带星巴克)”结合选项，可知D项“Studentsstudywitheachotherduringreadingperiod.(学生们在阅读期间互相学习)”正确。故选D项。7.推理判断题。根据第五段中“Likemostthings,therearenegativethingsaboutindependenceaswell.Stayingathomeforthelongerbreakremindedmeofeverylittlethingthatmymomwoulddoformeandmysiblings.Idon’tknowaboutyou,butmysiblingsoftenscreamandrunarounduntiltheirbedtime.Sometimes,IwishIwasbackatmydormorthelibraryreadingabook.Instead,Ihavetoplugmyearstotrytonotletthemdrivemecrazywhenmyparentsareatwork.However,atothertimes,theirenthusiasmreallydoeshelprelievemystressafteraweekfilledwithexamsandlabsrightbeforespringbreak.(像大多数事情一样，独立也有消极的一面。在家里度过长假让我想起了妈妈为我和我的兄弟姐妹们做的每一件小事。我不知道你怎么想，但我的兄弟姐妹们经常尖叫着跑来跑去，直到他们上床睡觉。有时，我希望我回到我的宿舍或图书馆看书。相反，当我父母上班的时候，我不得不捂着耳朵，尽量不让他们把我逼疯。然而，在其他时候，他们的热情确实有助于缓解我在春假前一周充满考试和实验的压力)”和第六段的“Beinghomereallyisadouble-edgedsword.(在家真的是一把双刃剑)”可推知，作者通过讲述回家之后让自己烦心的事和让自己快乐的事来说明，回家真的是把双刃剑。故选C项。8.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Goinghomeonbreakisalwaysabittersweetfeeling.Atsomepointduringthesemester,collegemayhavestartedtofeellikeasecondhome.(放假回家总是一种苦乐参半的感觉。在这个学期的某个时候，大学可能开始感觉像第二个家)”和最后一段“Beinghomereallyisadouble-edgedsword.  It’scomfortingtobearoundpeopleyou’veknownforyourentirelife,butitalsocomeswiththesacrificeofsomeofthethingsyoubuiltintoyourdailyroutineincollege.  ButwhatcanIsay,it’salwaysgoodtogobackhome—nothingbeatsChinesefood.(回家真的是把双刃剑。和你认识了一辈子的人在一起是令人欣慰的，但这也伴随着你在大学里建立的日常生活的一些牺牲。但我能说什么呢，回家总是好的——没有什么比中国菜更好的了)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者觉得大学期间放假回家总是一种苦乐参半的感觉。所以B项“Ongoinghome.(回家)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。Passage32022-2023学年下学期·江苏锡东·高二期中Mywife’sbirthdayfallsatthebeginningofspringwhenthewinterchillstillhangsovertheapproachingwarmth.Onthatday,Icamehomefromwork,stoppedherfromenteringthekitchenandaskedhertodineout.“HasLilycalled?”sheasked.Ishookmyhead.Theatmosphereatthedinnerwasoppressive.Mywifekeptglancingatherphone,showingnosignsofappetite.Earlythenextmorning,mywifegotup,darkringsencirclinghereyes.Weonlyhaveonechild.WhenLilystilllivedathome,everyyearwhenherbirthdayapproached,wewouldstartthegrandpreparationsdaysin学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 advance.Andaftersheleftforcollege,mywifewouldcallhercountlesstimesfrommorningtillnight.Howcouldsheignoreallourloveandutterlyforgethermum’sbirthday?Onthewaytowork,ItextedLily,“Yourmumdidn’tsleepwelllastnight.”Anotherdayconcluding,wewereabouttogotobedwhentherewasasoundofakeyrattlinginthelock.Incameourdaughter,faceredwithcold,birthdaycakeinhand.“Sorry,Mum.Happybirthday!”shesaid,tearswellingup.Immediately,mywifepulledLilyintoahug,complaining,“Yousillygirl,whydoyoucomeallthewaybackatsuchatime?Don’tyouknowitiscoldoutside?”Lilyjuststayedtwohoursincaseofmissingherclasses.SeeingLilyboardingthetrain,mywifestartedblamingmeforthatmessage,yetinabettermood.IdidfeelIhandledthismatterperfectlybothformywifeandmychild’sgrowth.Later,Icalledmyparentsandtoldthemaboutit.Ineverthoughttheywouldrespondwithalongsilence,andthensaid:“Howmanytimeshaveyouforgottenourbirthdays?Haseitherofusevercomplained?”9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“oppressive”meaninparagraph2?A.Relaxing.B.Funny.C.Unique.D.Heavy.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewomaninparagraph3?A.WatchingTVisherdailyroutine.B.Shesetherphoneinsilentmode.C.Someanxietyisfeltofthewoman.D.Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithherdinner.11.WhydidLilyburstintotearsonseeinghermother?A.Shewasoverjoyedtoseehermother.B.Shefeltsorryaboutforgettinghermother’sbirthday.C.Shefearedtobescoldedforignoringherparents’love.D.Shepitiedherselfforbeinghalf-frozenallthewayback.12.Whatmessageisconveyedfromthewordsoftheauthor’sparents?A.Loveisatwo-waystreet.B.Birthdaypartyisamust.C.Parentalloveisforareturn.D.Itisnevertoolatetosaysorry.【答案】9.D10.C11.B12.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了女儿忘记了妈妈的生日，妻子辗转难眠很伤心，作者给女儿发消息，女儿冒着严寒乘火车回来给妈妈补过生日，妻子很感动。作者又把这件事讲给自己的父母听，父母却反问作者又有多少次忘记父母的生日。9.词句猜测题。根据上一句“Onthatday,Icamehomefromwork,stoppedherfromenteringthekitchenandaskedhertodineout.“HasLilycalled?”sheasked.Ishookmyhead.(那天，我下班回家，不让她进厨房，请她出去吃饭。“莉莉打电话来了吗?”她问道。我摇了摇头)”和下一句“Mywifekeptglancingatherphone,showingnosignsofappetite.(我妻子一直在看她的手机，没有任何食欲)”可知，妻子在生日那天，在等女儿的祝福电话，中午了女儿还没打电话，应该是忘记了妈妈的生日，妻子应该是心情不好，气氛比较沉闷。由此可知，划线词意为“沉闷的，沉重的”。故选D项。10.推理判断题。根据第三段“Earlythenextmorning,mywifegotup,darkringsencirclinghereyes.Weonlyhaveonechild.WhenLilystilllivedathome,everyyearwhenherbirthdayapproached,wewouldstartthegrandpreparationsdaysinadvance.Andaftersheleftforcollege,mywifewouldcallhercountlesstimesfrommorningtillnight.Howcouldsheignoreallourloveandutterlyforgethermum’sbirthday?”(学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第二天一大早，我妻子起床了，黑眼圈围绕着她的眼睛。我们只有一个孩子。莉莉还在家里的时候，每年临近她的生日，我们都会提前几天开始隆重地准备。在她上大学后，我妻子从早到晚给她打了无数次电话。她怎么能无视我们所有的爱，完全忘记她妈妈的生日呢?)”可知，妻子在女儿生日时，打很多电话表示关心祝福，而女儿上大学后都不记得妈妈的生日，妻子是失落的，黑眼圈表明妻子的焦虑，晚上没睡好觉。故选C项。11.细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Sorry,Mum.Happybirthday!’shesaid,tearswellingup.(‘对不起,妈妈。生日快乐!’她说，眼泪涌了出来)”可知，女儿见到妈妈哭了是因为自己忘记妈妈的生日而感到抱歉和懊悔。故选B项。12.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Later,Icalledmyparentsandtoldthemaboutit.Ineverthoughttheywouldrespondwithalongsilence,andthensaid:‘Howmanytimeshaveyouforgottenourbirthdays?Haseitherofusevercomplained?’(后来，我打电话给我的父母，告诉他们这件事。我从没想过他们会沉默很长时间，然后说:‘你多少次忘了我们的生日?我们俩谁抱怨过吗?’)”可知，作者把女儿忘记她妈妈的生日这事儿讲给父母听，而父母的回答表明作者也多次忘记父母的生日。父母的沉默和后面的回答表明父母也是期待作者对他们生日的重视。由此可知，父母传达的信息是爱是一条双行道，爱是相互的。故选A项。高频话题03人与自我—个人经历Passage12022-2023学年下学期·江苏苏州·高二期中ImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,“Ican’tbelievewhat’sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,”mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,“TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,”Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI’mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon’thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We’retaughttoreadbecauseit’snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI’vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom’shands?A.Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.B.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C.Shecouldn’twaittotearthenewspaperapart.D.Shecouldn’thelpbutstopmomfromreading.2.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdidtheauthor’sreadingofroadsignsindicate?A.Heruniquewaytolocateherself.B.Hereagernesstodevelopherreadingability.C.Herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrules.D.Hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher.3.Whatwastheauthor’sviewonfactualreading?A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.B.Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.C.Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D.Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.4.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMagicofReadingB.ThePleasureofReadingC.GrowingUpwithReadingD.ReadingMakesaFullMan【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在阅读中成长的故事——从小时候通过阅读了解世界和长大后通过阅读远离现实的成长历程。1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,‘Ican’tbelievewhat’sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,’mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.(我一直想知道我妈妈在读什么。听到妈妈说“我真不敢相信今天早上报纸上印的是什么”，使我想从她手中抢过报纸自己看看)”可知，作者想抢过妈妈读的报纸，是因为作者很想知道发生了什么事，故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.(我在阅读方面的进步引起了我的好奇心，我想知道一切。我经常告诉我妈妈开慢点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标)”可推知，作者对路标的阅读表明她越来越渴望了解周围的世界。故选D。3.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytest.(我在小学、初中和高中的大部分阅读都是事实阅读。我读书是为了获取知识，为了在考试中得A)”可推知，作者认为事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观信息。故选C。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“ImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.(学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 我一直都知道读书是很重要的，因为我小时候的第一段记忆就是读书。没有一个晚上我不记得妈妈在我床边给我读故事书。词语那优美的发音方式给了我极大的启发)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了作者在阅读中成长的故事，从小时候通过阅读了解世界和长大后通过阅读远离现实的成长历程。由此可知，故C选项“伴随着阅读成长”最符合文章标题。故选C。Passage22022-2023学年下学期·江苏徐州·高二期中InanagewhenmostChinesepeoplethoughtthatalunareclipse(月食)wasasignofangrygods,WangZhenyi(1768-1797),anastronomerandmathematicianwhoworkedtirelesslytopublishherdiscoveriesaboutspace,said,“Actually,it’sdefinitelybecauseoftheMoon.”Wangwasbornatatimewhenfeudal(封建的)customsinChinapreventedgirlsfromgettingaformaleducation.However,shewasfortunatethatherfamilyencouragedherinlearning.Hergrandfather,aformerdistrictgovernor,sharedhisknowledgeofastronomywithher,whileherfather,amedicinalscholar,taughtherbasicmath.Despitebeingdeniedformaleducation,Wangwasdeterminedtolearnandbecameself-taught,studyingavastcollectionofbooksonvarioussubjects.OneofWang’smostfamousdemonstrationsinvolvedcreatingamodeltoexplainalunareclipse.Afterconsultingdecadesofastronomicalrecords,sheusedalamp,amirrorandaroundtabletorespectivelysymbolizetheSun,theMoonandtheEarth.Bymovingtheobjectsaround,shewasabletoshowthatalunareclipsehappenedwhentheMoonpasseddirectlybehindtheEarthandmovedintoitsshadow.HerarticleTheExplanationofaLunarEclipseisstillconsideredhighlyaccurateforitstime.DuringtheQingdynasty,theWesterncalendarwasintroducedtoChina.WangarguedforitsadoptionbecauseitwasbasedonthemovementoftheSun.ManyChinesescholarsrejectedtheideaforithadcomefromtheWest,towhichWangsimplyresponded,“Whatcountsistheusefulness,nomatterwhetheritisChineseorWestern.”Tomakemathandscienceaccessibletocommonpeople,shespentyearspublishingarticleshopingtomaketheseancientandpoorlyunderstoodconceptseasiertodigest.Sheexplainedtherotation(旋转)oftheplanets,andeventhePythagoreantheorem(勾股定理)forbeginners.Unfortunately,mostofWangZhenyi’sworkshavenotpassedthetestoftime,buthercontributionscontinuetoberecognizedinmoderntimes.In1994,theInternationalAstronomicalUnionnamedacrater(环形山)onVenusafterher.Wang’slegacycontinuestoinspireandencouragefuturegenerationstopursueknowledgeandinnovation.”5.WhywasitdifficultforWangtoreceiveaformaleducation?A.Herfamilyemphasizesherself-taughteducation.B.Herfamilyencouragehertofollowfeudalcustoms.C.Shecamefromaupperclassfamilywithagoodschooling.D.Shelivedinatimewhengirlswerenotallowedtoattendschool.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeWang’spersonalities?A.Shewasdependentandcurious.B.Shewasintelligentandopen-minded.C.Shewasdeterminedandnarrow-minded.D.Shewashard-workingandemotional.7.Wang’scontributionsincludeallthefollowingexcept______.A.introducingtheWesterncalendartoChina.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 B.arguingfortheadoptionoftheWesterncalendar.C.translatingcomplextheoriesintosimpleconcepts.D.explainingalunareclipseusingsimpleeverydayobjects.8.WhatisonewaythatWang’slegacyisrecognizedtoinspirefuturegenerations?A.Herbooksarewidelyreadtoday.B.AlunarcraterwasnamedWangZhenyi.C.AcrateronVenuswasnamedafterher.D.ShewasawardedaPrizefordeterminationafterdeath.【答案】5.D6.B7.A8.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。在大多数中国人认为月食是愤怒的神的象征的时代，天文学家和数学家王贞仪不知疲倦地发表了自己对太空的发现，她说，“其实，这肯定是因为月球。”文章主要介绍了清代著名女科学家王贞仪的生平及其贡献。5.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wangwasbornatatimewhenfeudal(封建的)customsinChinapreventedgirlsfromgettingaformaleducation.(王生于中国封建习俗禁止女孩接受正规教育的时代。)”可知，王贞仪很难接受正规教育，这是因为她生活在一个女孩不允许上学的时代。故选D。6.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Afterconsultingdecadesofastronomicalrecords,sheusedalamp,amirrorandaroundtabletorespectivelysymbolizetheSun,theMoonandtheEarth.Bymovingtheobjectsaround,shewasabletoshowthatalunareclipsehappenedwhentheMoonpasseddirectlybehindtheEarthandmovedintoitsshadow.(在查阅了几十年的天文记录后，她用一盏灯、一面镜子和一张圆桌分别代表太阳、月亮和地球。通过移动物体，她能够表明月食发生时，月球正好经过地球后面，并移动到它的阴影。)”可推知，王贞仪很聪明，根据第四段中“ManyChinesescholarsrejectedtheideaforithadcomefromtheWest,towhichWangsimplyresponded,“Whatcountsistheusefulness,nomatterwhetheritisChineseorWestern.”(许多中国学者拒绝接受这种来自西方的观点，对此，王只是回答说:“重要的是有用性，不管是中国的还是西方的。”)”可推知，王贞仪思想开放，故选B。7.细节理解题。根据第四段中“DuringtheQingdynasty,theWesterncalendarwasintroducedtoChina.(清朝时，西历传入中国。)”可知，文章只说西历传入中国，并没有说是王贞仪引进的，所以A项“将西历引入中国。”不是她的贡献，根据第四段中“WangarguedforitsadoptionbecauseitwasbasedonthemovementoftheSun.(王主张采用这种方法(西历)，因为它是基于太阳的运动。)”可知，B项“主张采用西历。”是她的贡献，根据倒数第二段中“Tomakemathandscienceaccessibletocommonpeople,shespentyearspublishingarticleshopingtomaketheseancientandpoorlyunderstoodconceptseasiertodigest.(为了让数学和科学更容易为普通人所接受，她花了数年时间发表文章，希望让这些古老而难以理解的概念更容易消化。)”可知，C项“将复杂的理论转化为简单的概念。”是她的贡献，根据第三段“Afterconsultingdecadesofastronomicalrecords,sheusedalamp,amirrorandaroundtabletorespectivelysymbolizetheSun,theMoonandtheEarth.Bymovingtheobjectsaround,shewasabletoshowthatalunareclipsehappenedwhentheMoonpasseddirectlybehindtheEarthandmovedintoitsshadow.(在查阅了几十年的天文记录后，她用一盏灯、一面镜子和一张圆桌分别代表太阳、月亮和地球。通过移动物体，她能够表明月食发生时，月球正好经过地球后面，并移动到它的阴影。)”可知，D项“用简单的日常用品解释月食。”是她的贡献，故选A。学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 8.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In1994,theInternationalAstronomicalUnionnamedacrater(环形山)onVenusafterher.(1994年，国际天文联会以她的名字命名了金星上的一个陨石坑。)”可知，金星上的一个陨石坑是以王贞仪的名字命名的，以这种方式来激励后代向王贞仪学习，故选C。Passage32022-2023学年下学期·江苏苏州·二期中Five-year-oldWillardstruggledtotellthedifferencebetweenanMandaWora6anda9.Unfortunately,hisschoolteacherknewnothingaboutdyslexia(阅读障碍).Shedidn’ttrytohelphim.Notsurprisingly,Willarddidn’tlikeschool.Usually,hisminddrifted-toplayingoutside,tohisdogMaxie,ortotheantsthatlivednearhisfamily’sgardenshed.Willardwasespeciallycuriousaboutthoseants.Hefeltlikethem-smallandinsignificant.Thus,oneday,noticingthatsomeantsweretryingtobuildahouse,hedecidedtohelpthemandconstructedalittlebuilding.Thenheputsugarinsidetoencouragetheantstomovein.Whentheydid,Willardbuiltmorehouses.Heevenbuiltanantschool,withtinyswings,laddersandamerry-go-round.Withthepassageoftime,aloveforlittlethingsbegantogrowinhisheart.Atschool,Willardstillstruggled,butnowheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.Maybehewasn’tafailureafterall.Whenhequitschoolatage15anddecidedtopursuehisdreamofbecomingoneofthebestartistsintheworld,hismotheradvisedhim,“Thesmalleryoucarve,thebiggeryournamewillbecome.”Sousingapowerfulmicroscope,hebegantocarvegrainsofsand,bitsoffiber,andevenspecks(小颗粒)ofdust.Willardworksbestatnightwhentherearefewdisturbances.Hecalmshisbodyand,holdinghisbreath,hecarvesbetweenheartbeatswhenbloodisnotpulsingthroughhisfingertips.Heoftenworksformonthstocompleteasculpture.Thenhepaintsitwithbitsofacrylics(丙烯画).Willard’sfavoritepaintbrushisonehairfromthebackofadeadhousefly!HissculptureshavemadeWillardawealthyman.Buthesays,“Successisn’taboutmaterialthingslikeanexpensivewatchoracostlyring;it’saboutperseveringandachievingyourdreams.”9.WhydoestheauthormentionWillard’sstrugglesearlyoninschool?A.ToexpresssympathyforWillard’smisfortune.B.Toshowtheteacher’signoranceaboutdyslexia.C.TostatewhyWillarddevelopedinterestinlittlethings.D.TodescribehowWillardfeltaboutinsignificantthings.10.Whatcanweinferfromhismother’sadviceinparagraph3?A.Bestartistscenteronsmallcarvings.B.Itcallsforpatiencetobecomefamous.C.Carvingsmallisastrategyforsuccess.D.Achievingbignamesmakesadifference.11.HowhavethetinysculpturesaffectedWillard?A.Hehasbecomeamillionaire.B.Hehaslearnttousemicroscopeswell.C.Hehasrecoveredfromdyslexia.D.Hehasgainedasenseofachievement.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 12.WhatmainlycontributestoWillard’ssuccess?A.Enoughtimeandothers’recognition.B.Materialpursuitandgreatenthusiasm.C.Specificgoalsandgreatconcentration.D.Powerfulinstrumentsandproperinstructions.【答案】9.C10.C11.D12.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Willard从小患有阅读障碍，上课的时候，思绪经常飘到外面，但是他对小东西很感兴趣，经常雕刻小件东西。他在15岁时辍学，决定追求他的梦想，成为世界上最好的艺术家之一。9.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Five-year-oldWillardstruggledtotellthedifferencebetweenanMandaWora6anda9.Unfortunately,hisschoolteacherknewnothingaboutdyslexia(阅读障碍).Shedidn’ttrytohelphim.Notsurprisingly,Willarddidn’tlikeschool.Usually,hisminddrifted-toplayingoutside,tohisdogMaxie,ortotheantsthatlivednearhisfamily’sgardenshed.(五岁的Willard很难分辨出M和W或6和9之间的区别。不幸的是，他的学校老师对阅读障碍一无所知。她没有试图帮助他。毫不奇怪，威拉德不喜欢学校。通常情况下，他的思绪会飘到外面去玩，去看他的狗马克斯，或者去看住在他家花园小屋附近的蚂蚁。)”可知，Willard学习有困难，他不喜欢学习，思绪总是会飘到外面去玩，由此可推知，作者提到Willard早期在学校有学习困难为了说明为什么Willard会对小东西产生兴趣。故选C。10.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Whenhequitschoolatage15anddecidedtopursuehisdreamofbecomingoneofthebestartistsintheworld,hismotheradvisedhim,“Thesmalleryoucarve,thebiggeryournamewillbecome.”(当他15岁辍学并决定追求成为世界上最好的艺术家之一的梦想时，他的母亲建议他:“你雕刻得越小(越精细)，你的名声就会越大。”)”可推知，Willard的母亲认为雕刻细小的东西是一种成功的策略。故选C。11.细节理解题。根据第二段“Atschool,Willardstillstruggled,butnowheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.Maybehewasn’tafailureafterall.(在学校里，Willard仍然很挣扎，但是现在他知道他可以做一些特别的事情。也许他根本不是个失败者。)”可知，这些小雕塑使得Willard获得了成就感，故选D。12.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Atschool,Willardstillstruggled,butnowheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.(在学校里，Willard仍然很挣扎，但是现在他知道他可以做一些特别的事情。)”和第三段中“Whenhequitschoolatage15anddecidedtopursuehisdreamofbecomingoneofthebestartistsintheworld(当他辍学时15岁，他决定追求他的梦想，成为世界上最好的艺术家之一)”可知，Willard目标明确，知道自己想做什么，根据倒数第二段中“Willardworksbestatnightwhentherearefewdisturbances.Hecalmshisbodyand,holdinghisbreath,hecarvesbetweenheartbeatswhenbloodisnotpulsingthroughhisfingertips.Heoftenworksformonthstocompleteasculpture.(Willard在夜间干扰少的时候工作得最好。他让身体平静下来，屏住呼吸，工作的时候仿佛指尖的血液都停止了流动，只能听见自己的心跳。他经常工作几个月来完成一个雕塑。)”可知，他注意力很集中，由此可推知，明确的目标和高度的专注是Willard成功的主要因素，故选C。学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 热点考向01人与自我—哲理感悟Passage12022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·高二期中Mydadisacarmechanic,whichinvolveslotsofheavylifting,tightening,shaking,andbanging.Hedoesn’tseemlikethekindofguywhowouldbakegreatbread,butheisandhedoes.TheshopwhereDadworksisnotequippedwithenoughworkers,sothere’slotsofpressureonDad.I’vebeenfeelingkindofstressedoutmyselfsinceIfoundoutIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyeartotryoutagain;thatmightaswellbeamillionyears.DadknewIwasfeelingpressure.LastSaturdayhesaiditwastimeformetohelpinthekitchen.Icouldn’timaginewhathelpIcouldoffer.Still,Ifollowedrightbehindhim.Dadgavemeanapron,gotouthisenormousstainless-steelmixingbowl,andtoldmetostirwhileheaddedtheingredients.WhenIhadstirredtheflourandmilkmixtureintoathicklump(块),Dadhadmeturnitoverontothecountertop.Thenheshowedmehowtoknead(揉)thedough(生面团),whichtooktenminutesandasurprisingamountofenergy.Nextcamethemostdifficultandsurprisingpart—doingnothing.Wewaitedformorethananhourforthedoughtoslowlyswellupanddoubleinsize.Afterthat,wepunchedtherisendoughdowntolettheairout,divideditintwoandwaitedforanotherhour.“It’shardtoresistputtingthedoughdirectlyintotheoven,butifyoudo,thebreadwillbetough.Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobepatient,”Dadexplained.Whilewewaited,wesatandtalked.Silenceisablankspacethatbegstobefilled.It’slikethedough—itswellsupandfillsaroomwithemptinessunlessyoupunchitdownwithwords.Itfeltgoodtobestillandlistentoeachother.Astheflourdustinthekitchenquietlysettled,timeseemedtoslowdown.Thedoughwasgoingtoriseatitsownpace.AsIacceptedthat,Istoppedwatchingtheclockanddrummingmyfingersonthetabletop.IstartedenjoyingthequiettimewithDad.Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.1.WhydidDadasktheauthortohelpinthekitchen?A.Dadlikedbakingbreadwiththeauthor.B.DadwantedtohelptheauthorrelievethestressC.Dadintendedtoteachhimalesson.D.Dadhimselfwasunderhugepressure.2.Whatwouldfilltheemptinessofblankspace?A.BakingB.Drumming.C.TalkingD.Working.3.Whatisthethemeofthestory?A.Itisnecessarytospendtimewithfamily.B.Itisdifficulttolearntobakebread.C.Itisbeneficialtorelaxintimesofstress.D.Itisimportanttolearntobepatient.4.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleofthestory?A.Dad’sLessonB.LearningfromFather学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.TheBreadLessonD.BakingBread【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了父亲通过教作者烤面包让作者懂得了耐心的重要性。1.推理判断题。根据第三段中“DadknewIwasfeelingpressure.LastSaturdayhesaiditwastimeformetohelpinthekitchen.(爸爸知道我有压力。上星期六他说我该去厨房帮忙了)”可知，爸爸知道作者有压力，故让作者去厨房帮忙来帮助作者缓解压力，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Silenceisablankspacethatbegstobefilled.It’slikethedough—itswellsupandfillsaroomwithemptinessunlessyoupunchitdownwithwords.(沉默是一个乞求被填满的空白。就像面团一样——膨胀起来，让整个房间充满空白，除非你用话语把它压下去)”可知，用说话填满空白。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobepatient(最重要的教训是学会耐心)”可知，该故事的主题是学会耐心很重要，故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.(我父亲教我如何烤面包，但我想我学到了更多的东西)”可知，文章主要讲述父亲通过教作者烤面包让作者懂得耐心的重要性，C项“面包的道理”为最佳标题，故选C。Passage22022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·高二期中WhatdoHarryPotter,KatnissEverdeen,andFrodoallhaveincommonwiththeheroesofancientmyths(神话)?JosephCampbellstudiedmythsfromallovertheworldandpublishedabookcalled“TheHerowithaThousandFaces”,retellingdozensofstoriesandexplaininghoweachrepresentsthe  mono-myth,orHero’sJourney.So,whatisthe“Hero’sJourney”?Hethinksofitasacycleinhisbook.Thejourneybeginswiththeheroreceivingamysteriousmessage,aninvitation,orachallenge.Aftercrossingthethresholdfromhissafehometoadventure,withsomehelpprobablyfromsomeoneolder,wiser,ourherosolvesariddle,slaysamonster,escapesfromatrap.Thehero’sdarkesthourthencomes,whenhefacesdeathandpossiblyevendies,onlytobereborn.Asaresult,theheroclaimssometreasure,specialrecognition,orpower,whichcanvarybetweenstories.Afterallthatadventure,theheroreturnstohisordinaryworld,butupgradestoanewlevel.Nothingisquitethesameonceyouareahero.TheHero’sJourneymythexistsinallhumanculturesandkeepsgettingupdated,becausewehumansreflectonourworldthroughsymbolicstoriesofourownlives.Youleaveyourcomfortzone,haveanexperiencethattransformsyouandthenyourecoveranddoitagain.Youdon’tliterallyslaydragonsorfightVoldemort,butyoufaceproblemsjustasscary.JosephCampbellsaid,“Inthecaveyoufeartoenterliesthetreasureyouseek.”Whatisthesymboliccavethenyoufeartoenter?Auditions(试镜)fortheschoolplay?Baseballtryouts?Love?Watchforthisformula(公式)inbooks,movies,andTVshowsyoucomeacross.Youwillcertainlyseeitagain.Alsobesensitivetoitinyourownlife.Listenforyourcalltoadventure.Acceptthechallenge.Conqueryourfearandclaimthetreasureyouseek.Andthen,doitalloveragain.5.Whatisthecorrectorderofthe“Hero’sJourney”?①Returntotheordinaryworldbutupgradetoanewlevel.②Receiveacalltoadventureandassistancefromawiserman.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ③Setoutontheadventureandgothroughaseriesoftoughtrials.④Facealife-or-deathcrisisandberebornwithsomespecialpower.A.①②③④B.④②①③C.②③④①D.③②④①6.WhyisHero’sJourneymythsopopular?A.Becauseit’sawaytolearnaboutthepast.B.Becauseit’sawaytoreflectonourworld.C.Becausethesestoriesarepartofhumanculture.D.Becausethesestoriesarealwaysbeingupdated.7.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthordisagreewith?A.Weallneeda“cave”tohideinfaceofdanger.B.Difficultieswefacetendtobetreasuresinlife.C.Ourcomfortzonewillpromoteourdevelopment.D.Weshouldwatchmoremoviesandshowsfortheformula.8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WheretoFindaHero.B.BeYourOwnHero.C.HowtoConquerYourFear.D.SeekYourScaryCave.【答案】5.C6.B7.A8.B【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍英雄的旅程，倡导大家倾听冒险的召唤，接受挑战，征服恐惧。5.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thejourneybeginswiththeheroreceivingamysteriousmessage,aninvitation,orachallenge.Aftercrossingthethresholdfromhissafehometoadventure,withsomehelpprobablyfromsomeoneolder,wiser,ourherosolvesariddle,slaysamonster,escapesfromatrap.Thehero’sdarkesthourthencomes,whenhefacesdeathandpossiblyevendies,onlytobereborn.Asaresult,theheroclaimssometreasure,specialrecognition,orpower,whichcanvarybetweenstories.Afterallthatadventure,theheroreturnstohisordinaryworld,butupgradestoanewlevel.Nothingisquitethesameonceyouareahero.(旅程开始于英雄收到一个神秘的信息，一个邀请，或一个挑战。英雄步出平凡安稳的家门，展开冒险。在一些年长、聪明的人的帮助下，他解开了一个谜语，杀死了一个怪物，从陷阱中逃脱。然后，英雄最黑暗的时刻到来了，他面临死亡，甚至为了能够重生，必须先死过一次。结果，英雄获得了一些宝藏、特别的认可或力量，这些在不同的故事中有所不同。在所有的冒险之后，英雄回到了他的平凡世界，但他再也不是昔日吴下阿蒙)”可知，英雄的旅程是：接到冒险的召唤并受到智者的帮助——踏上冒险之旅并经历一系列艰难的考验——面对生死危机，获得重生和特殊能力——回到平凡的世界，超越过去的自己，提升到新的水平。对应的正确顺序是②③④①。故选C。6.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TheHero’sJourneymythexistsinallhumanculturesandkeepsgettingupdatedbecausewehumansreflectonourworldthroughsymbolicstoriesofourownlives.(英雄之旅存在于所有的文化中，并且不断地推陈出新。因为我们人类通过自身生活中极具象征性的故事，反映出所处的世界)”可知，英雄之旅的神话如此流行是因为它是反思我们的世界的一种方式。故选B。7.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Youdon’tliterallyslaydragonsorfightVoldemort,butyoufaceproblems学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 justasscary.JosephCampbellsaid,“Inthecaveyoufeartoenterliesthetreasureyouseek.”(你不需要真正地屠龙或对抗伏地魔，但你面临的问题同样可怕。约瑟夫·坎贝尔说过：“在你害怕进入的洞穴里，藏着你所寻找的宝藏”)”以及倒数第二段“Whatisthesymboliccavethenyoufeartoenter?Auditions(试镜)fortheschoolplay?Baseballtryouts?Love?(你害怕进入的象征性洞穴是什么？学校戏剧的试镜？棒球选拔赛？爱？)”可知，在你害怕进入的洞穴里，藏着你所寻找的宝藏，由此推知，作者认为“洞穴”是好的，只有进入这些你害怕进入的洞穴才能找到寻找中的宝藏。A项：Weallneeda“cave”tohideinfaceofdanger(面对困难时，我们都需要一个“洞穴”来躲藏)与作者表述不符。故选A。8.主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段“Youwillcertainlyseeitagain.Alsobesensitivetoitinyourownlife.Listenforyourcalltoadventure.Acceptthechallenge.Conqueryourfearandclaimthetreasureyouseek.Andthen,doitalloveragain.(你一定会再看到它。在你自己的生活中也要对它保持敏感。倾听冒险的召唤。接受挑战。征服你的恐惧，得到你想要的宝藏。然后，再来一遍)”可知，文章倡导去冒险，接受挑战，征服恐惧。B项：BeYourOwnHero(做自己的英雄)可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。热点考向02人与自然—人与动植物Passage12022-2023学年下学期·江苏泰州·高二期中ItwasNationalAdoptionDay.ThepetstorewasworkingwiththeLexingtonHumaneSocietytofindgoodhomesforabandoneddogsandcats.Afterendlesspleas(恳求)frommysons,MarkandLuke,Idecidedtostopin.Ididn’tknowitatthetimebutadoptingahomelessdogwouldreallymakemefeelbetter.Iwasstrugglingwithdepression.We’dmovedfromOhiotoKentucky.Ohiohadbeenmyhomeforfortyyears,andImissedmyparents,friendsandthefamiliarityofhome.Insidethepetstore,therewererowsofcagesfilledwithfurryanimals.Ispottedoursimmediately:atwo-year-oldfemaleJackRussellnamedPrincess.Ilookedintohercage.Shepushedhernosetowardthecage,sniffedandthenloweredherhead.Tremblinginhercage,sheseemedunsureofhersurroundings.IwonderedifPrincessfeltthatwaywhenshe’dbeenbroughthere,surroundedbypeopleshedidn’tknow.Isthatwhyshewasshakingsohard?Itmademewanther.“Let’sadopther,”Isaid.Mysonscouldn’tcontaintheirexcitement,“Wewanther!”Myhusbandalsoagreed.AfterIfilledoutthepaperwork,wetookPrincesshome.Shebarelyateanddidn’tbarkthefirstfewdays,butgraduallysherelaxed.Oneafternoon,Iwasabouttodozeoff(打盹)whenIfeltPrincessjumponthebed.Shewaslikeafriendnexttome.Actually,afteradoptingPrincess,Ifeltbetter.WhileIstillmissedmyparentsandfriends,IstartedmakingfriendsandvisitingplacesinKentucky.WhenmysonLuketurnedseven,wehadabirthdayparty.WhileIwasmakingthecupcakes,Princesssettledonthefloornexttome.Shewastakingineverything:thesoundsofchildrenlaughing,thesmelloffoodandtwoofmynewfriendssittingatthekitchentable.Shelookedaroundandthenupatmeandwaggedhertail.Ithoughtitwasherwayofsaying,“I’mfinallyhome”Andyouknowwhat?Shewasright.Wewerebothhome.1.Whydidtheauthorfeeldepressed?A.Shewashomesickthen.B.Shelostherpreviouspet.C.Shedislikedhernewlife.D.Shefeltsorryfortheanimals.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2.WhatmadetheauthordecidetoadoptPrincess?A.Itsattractivephysicalappearance.B.Itselegantresponsestoherfamily.C.Itsseeminglyemotionalsuffering.D.Itsobviouslyfavorablepersonality.3.HowdidthearrivalofPrincessimpacttheauthor’slife?A.Itchangedherroutine.B.Itchangedherlifestyle.C.Itimprovedhersociallife.D.Itimprovedherfamilylife.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SettinginB.HoldingonC.ChangingforgoodD.Caringforanimals【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在远在他乡想家的情况下收养似乎和自己经历相同情感痛苦的小狗Princess。Princess慢慢适应了在作者家的生活，而她也让作者逐渐适应了肯塔基的生活。1.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Iwasstrugglingwithdepression.We’dmovedfromOhiotoKentucky.Ohiohadbeenmyhomeforfortyyears,andImissedmyparents,friendsandthefamiliarityofhome.(我一直在与情绪低落作斗争。我们从俄亥俄州搬到了肯塔基州。俄亥俄州是我四十年的家，我想念我的父母、朋友和熟悉的家)”可知，作者情绪低落是因为当时她很想念家人和朋友。故选A。2.推理判断题。根据第二段的“Ispottedoursimmediately:atwo-year-oldfemaleJackRussellnamedPrincess.Ilookedintohercage.Shepushedhernosetowardthecage,sniffedandthenloweredherhead.Tremblinginhercage,sheseemedunsureofhersurroundings.IwonderedifPrincessfeltthatwaywhenshe’dbeenbroughthere,surroundedbypeopleshedidn’tknow.Isthatwhyshewasshakingsohard?Itmademewanther.(我立刻发现了我们的：一只名叫Princess的两岁雌性JackRussell。我看着她的笼子。她把鼻子伸向笼子，嗅了嗅，然后低下了头。她在笼子里颤抖着，似乎对周围的环境不确定。我想知道当Princess被带到这里，周围都是她不认识的人时，她是否有这种感觉。那就是她抖得这么厉害的原因吗？这让我想要她。)”推知，作者最终决定收养Princess是因为当时的Princess和作者的状态很相似，正遭受情感上的痛苦。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Actually,afteradoptingPrincess,Ifeltbetter.WhileIstillmissedmyparentsandfriends,IstartedmakingfriendsandvisitingplacesinKentucky.(事实上，收养Princess后，我感觉好多了。虽然我仍然想念我的父母和朋友，但我开始结交朋友，去肯塔基州的一些地方。)”可知，Princess的到来改善了作者的社交生活。故选C。4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述作者在远在他乡想家的情况下收养似乎和自己经历相同情感痛苦的小狗Princess。Princess慢慢适应了在作者家的生活，而她也让作者逐渐适应了肯塔基的生活。结合最后一段的“Ithoughtitwasherwayofsaying,“I’mfinallyhome”Andyouknowwhat?Shewasright.Wewerebothhome.(我认为这是她说“我终于有了家”的方式，你知道吗？她是对的。我们都有了“家”。)”可知，A项“安顿下来”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。Passage22022-2023学年下学期·江苏扬州·高二期中学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Onecoldwinterday,adogwalkedtotheedgeofanicyriverinPoland.Nobodyknowforsurewherethedogcamefromorwhathewasdoingthere.Buthewasabouttohaveabigadventure.  Withoutwarning,theicethatthedogwasstandingonbrokeawayfromtheland.Thedogwassweptdowntheriveronthesheetoficehalfthesizeoffootballfield.Thefrighteneddoglookedforawaytogetbacktotheshore,buthewastrappedontheice.Theriverwastoocoldforhimtoswimtosafety.Somefirefighterssawthedogdriftingdowntheriverashepassedthroughtheircity.Theytriedtohelphim,buttheycouldn’treachhim.Thefirefighterscouldonlywatchedastheicecarriedthedogfartherdowntheriver.Onthefourthday,thedogpassedthemouthoftheriverandwassweptoutintotheBalticSea.Hehadtraveledmorethan75miles(120km)fromwherehebegan.hewasmovingfartherawayfromlandandanyhopeofrescue.Thepieceoficehewasstandingonshrunktothesizeofpicnictable.Thedogwasfacingadeadlyendtohisanadventure,buthisluckwasabouttochange.somescientistsandsailorsaboardaresearchshipnamedtheBalticawerepassingthroughthearea.Theysawananimalmovingontheiceinthedistanceanddecidetoascertain.Atfirst,peopleontheshipthoughttheanimalwasaseal.Theywereamazedwhentheygotcloserandsawthatthe“seal”hadfourlegs,floppyears,andatail.Theyhadfoundadogfloatingontheice15Miles(24km)fromland.TheBaltica’ssailorswereabletobringtheirshipclosetothedog.Theyloweredanetnexttothedog,buthewastooscaredtoclimbintoit.Thedogevenslippedandfellintothecoldwaterwhiletheyweretryingtohelphim.Luckily,hewasabletoclimbbackontotheslipperyice.Fearingthatthedogwoulddrown,thecrewloweredaraft.Adam,theship’smechanic,usedtherafttogetclosetothedog.Adamgrabbedthedogbythebackoftheneckandpulledhimintotheraft.Now,Balticisthemascot(吉祥物)oftheresearchshipthatfoundhimandtravelswiththecreweverywhere.Hehasmanyfansaroundtheworldwholearnedabouthisincrediblejourneyandrescue.ThepresidentofPolandevenwrotealettertothecrewoftheship,praisingthemforsavingBaltic’slife.Balticstartedoutcold,wet,andaloneontheicebutendedupwarm,dry,andsurroundedbynewfriends.5.Whatisthemainprobleminthisstory?A.Thedogslippedintothewater.B.Thedogwastrappedonapieceoffloatingice.C.Thedoghadnothingtoeatfordays.D.Theriverwastoocoldforthedogtoswimin.6.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwordinparagraph5?A.DosomeresearchB.SolveaproblemC.RescuesomeoneD.Trytofindoutmoreaboutit7.Whatcanbestdescribethedog?A.AdventurousandLuckyB.BraveandPersistentC.HomelessandBraveD.ScaredandFortunate8.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthearticle?A.A15-mileIcyAdventure.B.BalticRescueC.AnAdventurousDogD.AnIncredibleJourney【答案】5.B6.D7.D8.A学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了一只狗在一块冰上，随着河流飘动，最后到达海洋的奇幻旅行，幸运地是，狗最终被一群科学家和水手们营救的故事。5.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Withoutwarning,theicethatthedogwasstandingonbrokeawayfromtheland.Thedogwassweptdowntheriveronthesheetoficehalfthesizeoffootballfield.Thefrighteneddoglookedforawaytogetbacktotheshore,buthewastrappedontheice.(在没有任何警告的情况下，这只狗所站的冰脱离了陆地。这只狗被冲下了河，冰块的大小只有人行步道的一半，这只受惊的狗想办法回到岸边，但被困在了冰上。)”可知，这个故事主要的问题就是，这只狗被困在了一块漂浮的冰上，故选B。6.词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中划线词ascertain的前文“somescientistsandsailorsaboardaresearchshipnamedtheBalticawerepassingthroughthearea.Theysawananimalmovingontheiceinthedistance(一些科学家和水手正乘坐一艘名叫Baltica的研究船经过该地区。他们看到一只动物在远处的冰上移动，于是决定……)”及后文“Atfirst,peopleontheshipthoughttheanimalwasaseal.(起初，船上的人以为这只动物是一只海豹。)”可知，前文提到科学家和水手们看到远处有一只动物在冰上移动，后文又提到他们起初以为是一只海豹，故可推知，此处的ascertain意为“确定”，故与D项“努力了解更多”意思相近，故选D。7.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thefrighteneddoglookedforawaytogetbacktotheshore,buthewastrappedontheice.(这只受惊的狗想办法回到岸边，却被困在了边上。)”可推知，这只狗是“scared感到害怕的，受惊的”；再根据文章最后一段“Now,Balticisthemascot(吉祥物)oftheresearchshipthatfoundhimandtravelswiththecreweverywhere.(现在，Baltic是研究船的吉祥物，并跟着这些船上的组员到处旅行。)”可知，Baltic是“fortunate幸运的”，它被船员们救下了，并跟着他们到处旅行，故选D。8.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Onecoldwinterday,adogwalkedtotheedgeofanicyriverinPoland.Nobodyknowforsurewherethedogcamefromorwhathewasdoingthere.Buthewasabouttohaveabigadventure.(在一个冬天的一天，一只狗走到了波兰的一条冰河的边缘。没有人知道这只狗来自哪里，也不知道它在做什么。但是它即将开启自己的一段大冒险。)”和倒数第三段“Theyhadfoundadogfloatingontheice15Miles(24km)fromland.(他们发现一只狗漂浮在里陆地15英里的冰上。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一只狗在一块漂浮的冰上进行的一次大冒险的旅行的故事，故A项“一段长达15英里的冰上冒险”符合文章标题，故填A。Passage32022-2023学年下学期·江苏常熟·高二期中Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus.”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades，butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s，thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashion.ModelPaigeMorgansays，”Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.Sheistryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.9.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.10.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C.Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.12.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.It’sformal.B.It’srisky.C.It’sharmful.D.It’straditional.【答案】9.A10.A11.D12.B【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀。展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。海狸鼠们每年都在破坏大片的湿地，因此设计师称这是一种环保的举措，科学家们也对海狸鼠损坏生态平衡表示了担忧。9.推理判断题。根据第二段UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监CreeMcCree说：“除非了解海狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态造成了巨大的破坏，这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀销售的是无罪恶感皮衣。故选A。10.推理判断题。根据第三段ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.得知，科学家们如此担心以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们5美元，可以推断出科学家们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡，。故选A。11.词义猜测题。根据第五段Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutria学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 collapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.得知，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但是当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据but判断，这是转折关系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词collapsed是和D.crashed倒闭的意思最相近。故选D。12.推理判断题。根据第二段ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt–freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleastinNewYork.”得知，为了给人们一种无罪的选择，人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆，我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情，根据模特摩根所说得知，在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B。热点考向03人与社会—公益行为Passage12022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·高二期中Mostofthe60,000emergenciesthattheRedCrossrespondstoeachyeararelocal,personaldisasterslikehomefires.Theymaynotmakethenews,butweknowtheyarejustasdevastating(破坏性)tothefamiliesaffected.Sojoinustoanswerthecallwhenyourneighborsneedhelp.Trainedandavailable,DisasterActionTeamvolunteersarereadytorespondtotheseemergencies,24hoursaday,365daysayear.Fromofferingashouldertocryontomeetinganyimmediateneedsforshelterorsupplies,toconnectingpeoplewithlongtermrecoveryservices,ourvolunteersensurethatfamiliesdon’thavetofacetoughtimesalone.Disasteractionteamvolunteerssharethesequalities,lifeexperiencesandskills:•Teamspirits•Tenderhearts•Disasterresponseexperience•Acommandoftwolanguages•Calmnessandpatienceduringstressfulsituations•Availabilityandflexibilityforatleast4-6hoursperweekDisasterActionTeamvolunteershelplocalfamiliescopewithemergencies.Homefiresandotherdisasterscanoccuranytime,anyplace.AsaDisasterActionTeamvolunteer,you’llprovideemotionalsupport,financialassistance,andinformationtohelpfamiliesbegintheprocessofrecovery.Afteryourinitialtraining,yourshiftswillincluderespondingtoemergencieswithin2hours,nightorday,rainorshine,eitheronthesceneoractingremotelytoprovideimmediatecare.Withexperienceandfurthertrainingyoucantakeonleadershiptohaveawiderimpact.Note:thevolunteerpositionsavailabletoyouwillvarydependingonyourlocationandtheneedsofyourlocalcommunity.1.WhatisthedutyofaDisasterActionTeamvolunteer?A.Trainresidentsonsafetyawareness.B.Givepermanentsupporttothevictims.C.Helppeoplehandleemergenciesatanytime.D.Guideothervolunteerstotakeinstantaction.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2.WhatisrequiredofaDisasterActionTeamvolunteer?A.Theabilitytostaycool.B.Outdoorsurvivalskills.C.Oversealearningexperiences.D.Serving4-6hoursmonthly.3.Wheremightyoureadthisarticle?A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamagazine.C.Onawebsite.D.Inabrochure.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要号召人们加入救灾行动小组，成为志愿者，并介绍了志愿者的职责及要求。1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Trainedandavailable,DisasterActionTeamvolunteersarereadytorespondtotheseemergencies,24hoursaday,365daysayear.(受过训练的救灾行动小组志愿者随时准备对这些紧急情况作出反应，一天24小时，一年365天)”可知，救灾行动小组志愿者的职责随时帮助人们处理紧急情况。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据Disasteractionteamvolunteerssharethesequalities,lifeexperiencesandskills(救灾行动小组志愿者具有这些品质、生活经历和技能)下的“Calmnessandpatienceduringstressfulsituations(在有压力的情况下保持冷静和耐心)”可知，救灾行动小组志愿者要有保持冷静的能力。故选A。3.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Sojoinustoanswerthecallwhenyourneighborsneedhelp.(所以当你的邻居需要帮助的时候，加入我们一起响应号召吧)”可知，文章主要号召人们加入救灾行动小组，成为志愿者，并介绍了志愿者的职责及要求，文章属于广告宣传类。由此推知，本文有可能出现在杂志上。故选B。Passage22022-2023学年下学期·江苏盐城·高二期中Herearefourorganizationsthatrescueandtrainshelterdogstobeserviceanimals.Merlin’sKidsMerlin’sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids‘socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.Inthepublic’seyes,theseworkingdogshaveprovedthatshelteranimalsareamazing.PetsforVets(老兵)AnimaltrainerClarissaBlackcreatedPetsforVetsin2009asawaytosay“thankyou”toournation’sheroes.Thisorganizationrecognizesthatmanyvetsreturnhomewithscars(伤疤),whichmakeitdifficultforthemtoliveanormallife.PetsforVetswasfoundedtorescueandtrainshelteranimalstoprovidetherapydogsforvets.Theorganizationsaysthatwhenthevetismatchedwiththerightdog,bothoftheirliveschangeforthebetter.PawsWithaCauseThisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.PawsWithaCausespecializesinhelpingpeoplewithdisabilitiescompletedailytasksandthedogscanopendoorsandpullawheelchair.Theorganization’sfoundersMikeandCandyeareverypleasedwithitsdevelopment.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 CanDoCaninesAdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCanDoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie,sheassistedherownerforeightyears.Anniewasthefirstofover500rescueddogsspeciallytrainedasservicedogstoassistpeoplewithhearingproblems,diabetes(糖尿病)andautism.Butifadogintheorganizationisnotsuitedduetobehaviororillness,thedogisnevertrainedagainandplacedintoaforeverhomewithafamily.4.Merlin’sKidshelpsthechildrenwith.A.hearingproblemsB.scarsC.diabetesD.emotionalproblems5.WhenwasPawsWithaCausesetup?A.In1960.B.In1979.C.In1989.D.In2009.6.WhogaveCanDoCaninesagoodstart?A.Annie.B.Merlin.C.ClarissaBlack.D.MikeandCandye.【答案】4.D5.B6.A【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个救助和训练狗成为服务性动物的组织。4.细节理解题。根据Merlin’sKids部分“Merlin’sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids‘socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.(Merlin’sKids是一个组织，拯救和训练收容所的狗，让它们成为有特殊情感需要的儿童的服务性动物。狗可以扩大孩子们的社交舒适区，极大地改善他们的心理健康)”可知，Merlin’sKids帮助有情感问题的孩子。故选D。5.细节理解题。根据PawsWithaCause部分“Thisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.(该组织自1979年成立以来，一直致力于提高残疾人的独立性和生活质量)”可知，PawsWithaCause是1979年建立的。故选B。6.细节理解题。根据CanDoCanines部分“AdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCandoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie,sheassistedherownerforeightyears.(1989年，一只来自当地收容所的狗帮助创立了CandoCanines。她的名字叫安妮，为她的主人服务了8年)”可知，Annie给了CanDoCanines一个好的开始。故选A。Passage32022-2023学年下学期·江苏宿迁·高二期中AtinyschoolinwesternNewSouthWalesiseyeingtheskieshopingfordryweathersoitcanharvestitsfirstwheatcrop.SevenstudentsfromkindergartentoyearsixattendHermidalePublicSchool,morethan600kilometreswestofSydney.Eachdaytheyspendpartoftheirschooltimeoutsidetendingthe85-hectarecrop.Thelandwasdonatedbyaformerstudent.FiftyyearsagoyoungCraigGrimmondoftenlookedoutoftheschoolwindowatabarepaddock(荒芜的田地)thatneighboredtheschool.Nowheownsthelandandkindlydonatedittothestudentsfortheirproject.“Peopleasked,‘Whywouldyoudonatethatwholeblocktothem?’”hesaid.“Ihardlyuseitandit’sgoingtobebetterformeinthelongrunbecauseit’llbecleanedupandwillsavemeajobdownthetrack.”PrincipalSkyeDedmansaidtheschoolcommunityfeltverylucky.Theytookthisopportunityforthestudents.Thestudents’cropisarealitythatseemedalmostimpossiblethreeyearsago.MsDedmansaidthere学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 weredayswhenstudentswereforcedtostayindoorsbecauseofhugeduststorms.Theirschoolandtheircommunityreallyfeltthethreatofthedrought.Thestudentshavehadtheuseofthelandforthreeyears.Duringthethreeyears,thetinycommunityhasdealtwithamouseplague(鼠疫),thepandemicandflooding.Thewholecommunityhasthrownitssupportbehindtheproject,includingfarmerandparentDarrenMudford.“We’vesownwheatthisyearanditwouldbeniceifwegottwoortwo-and-a-halftonnetothehectare,whichisnotabadeffort,”hesaid.“It’smuchbetterthanacakesale.”Thestudents’wheatcropisexpectedtoraiseupto$50,000.Themoneywillthenbeusedtosendthestudentsontripsaroundthecountry.TheyarehopingtogotoNewcastlelaterthisyeartoseetheirwheatbeingloadedattheport.7.WhydidCraigGrimmonddonatethepaddocktotheschool?A.Itsavedhimfromtakingcareofthepaddock.B.Itwashispromisetohisformerteachers.C.Thepaddockwastoofarawayfromhim.D.Hedidn’thavemoneytorunthepaddock.8.Whatmadethestudents’cropimpossiblethreeyearsago?A.Theirlackofconfidence.B.Theterribledryweather.C.Littlecommunitysupport.D.Theirpoorplantingtechnology.9.WhatwasDarrenMudford’sattitudetothestudents’wheatharvest?A.Worried.B.Regretful.C.Hopeful.D.Satisfied.10.Whatwillthestudents’incomebeusedfor?A.Openingacakestore.B.Payingfortheirtravels.C.Enlargingtheplantingareas.D.Repayingtheschoolcommunity.【答案】7.A8.B9.C10.B【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。新南威尔士州西部的一所小学校正盯着天空，希望天气干燥，这样它就可以收获第一批小麦了，这些麦田由学校的学生照料，所获得的收入将用于支付学生的旅行费用。7.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Ihardlyuseitandit’sgoingtobebetterformeinthelongrunbecauseit’llbecleanedupandwillsavemeajobdownthetrack.(我很少使用它，从长远来看，它对我来说会更好，因为它会被清理干净，并为我节省一份工作)”可知，克雷格·格里蒙把围场捐给学校是因为这样他就不用照顾围场了。故选A。8.细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句“Thestudents’cropisarealitythatseemedalmostimpossiblethreeyearsago.MsDedmansaidthereweredayswhenstudentswereforcedtostayindoorsbecauseofhugeduststorms.Theirschoolandtheircommunityreallyfeltthethreatofthedrought.(学生的收成在三年前几乎是不可能的。戴德曼女士说，有几天，由于巨大的沙尘暴，学生们被迫呆在室内。他们的学校和社区真切地感受到干旱的威胁)”可知，三年前，是可怕的干燥天气让学生的收成变得不可能。故选B。9.推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“Thewholecommunityhasthrownitssupportbehindtheproject,includingfarmerandparentDarrenMudford.(整个社区都在支持这个项目，包括农民和家长达伦·穆德福德)”和第七段““We’vesownwheatthisyearanditwouldbeniceifwegottwoortwo-and-a-halftonnetothehectare,whichis学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司 notabadeffort,”hesaid.“It’smuchbetterthanacakesale.”(“我们今年播种了小麦，如果每公顷能收获两吨或两吨半就好了，这是一个不错的努力，”他说。“这比卖蛋糕好得多。”)”可推知，达伦·穆德福德对学生收获小麦的态度是充满希望的。故选C。10.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Themoneywillthenbeusedtosendthestudentsontripsaroundthecountry.(这些钱将被用来送学生去全国各地旅行)”可知，学生的收入将用于支付他们的旅行费用。故选B。学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司