浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末 英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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2023学年高二第一学期期末学业水平测试英语试题考生须知：1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分。共9页,满分150分。考试用时120分钟。2.答题前,必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。3.所有答案都必须在答题卷标定的位置作答,注意试题序号和答题序号相对应。4.考试结束后,只需上交答题卷。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)注意：回答听力部分时,请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍,1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwantforhernewhome?A.Aconvenientneighborhood.B.Betternaturescenes.C.Largerspace.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:You’refinallymovingoutofthecity!W:Yes.Ilovedmyconvenientapartment.Butnow,Iwantaquietcountryhousewithmorelandandroomformykids.M:Yourfamilywilllovethis!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoarethespeakers?A.Storestaffandcustomer.B.Policemanandlostkid.C.Brotherandsister.【答案】A 【解析】【原文】W:Sir!I’mlookingforalittleboy.Iwaswalkingaroundthisstorewithmybrother,andhewalkedaway.He’sonemetertallandnamedJosh.M:I’llannouncehisnameoverthestore’sspeakersystem.Mybosswillcallthepolicerightnow.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisRyanmostexcitedabout?A.Onlinevideos.B.Virtualreality.C.Phoneapplications.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’munfamiliarwithwebapplicationdevelopment.I’dmainlyusetechnologytokeepintouchwithfriendsandfamily.Thisinnovationofvirtualrealityismostinterestingtome.W:Sure,Ryan.Thisnewformofvideocommunicationwillbeveryuseful!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Attendameeting.B.Havelunch.C.Workonareport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ifinishedwritingthereportlastnight,andIcompletedthefinaleditsthismorning.W:Great!Well,themeetingdoesn’tstartuntil1:30p.m.,solet’sgoandgetsomethingtoeat.M:Soundslikeagoodidea!5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritesongs.B.OnlineEnglishcourses.C.Languagelearning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Helen,howdidyouimproveyourEnglishsoquickly?You’rethestrongestspeakerinyourhighschoolclass.W:IstartedwatchingEnglishvideosonsocialmediaandlisteningtoEnglishsongs.M:ThosearesmartwaystoimproveyourEnglishskills.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthewoman’sconcern?A.Thatsheisgettinglesscreative.B.ThatherjobwillbereplacedbyAItools.C.Thatthenewtechnologyistoodifficultforher.7.Whatistheman’sjobprobably?A.Ateacher.B.Anartist.C.Acomputerprogrammer.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:AItoolslikeChatGPTworryme.WhywouldemployerspaymetowritecontentifanAIprogramcandoitforfree?M:Mywifeisadigitalartistandshehasthesameconcern.ButIdon’tthinkyouneedtoworrytoomuch.I’vealreadyhadacoupleofmystudentstryingtohandinreportswrittenbyAI,andit’ssoobvious!W:Really?M:Yeah.Thesoftwareisgood.Yet,it’llneverreplacehumancreativity,knowledgeorunderstanding,althoughyoumayfindyourselfusingitmoreinyourjobinthefuture.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacinema.B.Inthespeakers’home.C.Inahospital.9.Whydidn’tthewomanfinishthemovie?A.Shewasannoyedatanotherviewer’sbadmanners.B.Shehadtosavetimetostudyforanexam.C.Shefoundthemovieboring.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Claire.Howwasthefilm?W:Idon’tknow.Ileftthecinemahalfwaythroughthefilm. M:Wasitthatbad?W:No,Iwasactuallyenjoyingthefilm,butthemanbesidemekeptsneezing.M:Ohdear.Washeill?W:Helookedandsoundedlikehehadflu,buthedidn’tcoverhismouthwhenhesneezedandhewasn’twearingamask.Ifeltuncomfortable.M:Ithinkyoumadetherightdecision.W:Well,I’mjustgoingtohaveashower,butdoyouwanttowatchaTVshowtogetheronceI’mdone?M:Ineedtostudyformyexamtomorrow.Yougoahead.W:Okay.I’llkeepthesounddownsoIwon’tdisturbyou.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Wheredoesthemanmainlywork?A.Inacafé.B.Inhishouse.C.Inanoffice.11.Whatisthewoman’smainproblem?A.Havingnofriendsatwork.B.Beingdisturbedbyhercolleagues.C.Drivinglongdistancestowork.12.Howdoesthemanconcentrateonhiswork?A.Byputtingupno-talkingsigns.B.Byworkinginaseparateoffice.C.Bysettinghisprivateworkspace.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Aftertwoyearsofworkingathome,it’sstrangebeingbackinmyoffice.M:I’vealwaysbeenworkingatmyofficeasrequiredbymyjob.Wheredoyoupreferworking?W:Athome.Luckily,myofficeisn’tfarawayfrommyhouse.Butstill,Ihavedifficultiesfocusingnow.Manyco-workersinmyofficewanttochatormeetwithme,whichconstantlybreaksmyconcentration.M:Really?I’mtheopposite.Ican’tgetworkdoneathome.Imustbeinanofficeoracafétofocus.W:That’sinteresting.Howdoyoustayfocusedandgetsomuchworkdoneintheoffice?M:Iwearnoise-cancelingheadphoneswithoutlisteningtomusicandturnmydeskawayfromothers.Thatway,peoplerespectmylittlespaceandprivacymore. W:Cleverideas.Thatway,youdon’tneedtoaskpeopletostoptalking,buttheywillunderstandyou’renotwillingtotalkatthemoment.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowdidMrs.Albrightfeelaboutbeinginterviewedatfirst?A.Anxious.B.Unhappy.C.Touched.14.WhatisspecialaboutMrs.Albright?A.Sheisarecordholder.B.Sheisbothblindanddeaf.C.Shewasbadlyhurtinthewar.15.WhenwasMrs.Albrightborn?A.In1920.B.In1922.C.In1943.16.WheredidMrs.Albrightlearnaboutthepowerofkindness?A.Fromherhusband’sexperience.B.Fromabookwrittenbyhersister.C.Fromasayingofafamousauthor.【答案】13.A14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】M:Thankssomuchforagreeingtothisinterview,Mrs.Albright.W:Well,ofcourse!I’veneverbeenfeaturedinthenewspaperbefore,soIwasworriedImightsaysomethingwrong.Butasmylatehusbandusedtosay,“I’lltryanythingonce!Nothingcanbeatme!”M:Ha-ha!Thatactuallyleadsmenicelytomyfirstquestion.Youjustcelebratedyourbirthdayandbecamethelongest-livedpersoninourcountry.Arethereanypersonalphilosophiesthathaveguidedyourlife?W:Well,forme,kindnesshasalwaysbeenthemostimportantthing.Iremember,mysisterboughtmeabookofwisesayingsformy21stbirthday.Thiswasin1943,sotherewasawaron.M:Right,ofcourse.W:Theonethathasalwaysstayedwithmeisbytheauthor,MarkTwain.Hesaid,“Kindnessisalanguagethatthedeafcanhearandtheblindcansee.”M:Wow!W:Itreallymademerealizehowimportantkindnessis.Kindnessisneverawaste.Everytimeyoudosomethingkind,youmaketheworldjustalittlebitbetter.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17.Whatistheurgentupdateabout?A.Changesontraintracks.B.Latearrivaloftrains.C.Trainmaintenance.18.Whodecidedtomaketheupdate?A.Railwayengineers.B.Stationmanagers.C.Safetyofficers.19.Whatissueisthestationtryingtodealwith?A.Thatticketsaresoldoutquickly.B.Thattrainsbreakdownontheway.C.Thatmanypassengersmisstheirtrains.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthepassengerstodointheend?A.Beawareofbadphonesignals.BBuyfoodbeforeboardingthetrain.C.Setonlinepaymentmethodsinadvance.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Attention,passengers,it’sthestationmanagerspeaking.Here’sanurgentupdateontoday’strainschedule.The12:30p.m.traintoMelbourneonTrack3willnowleavefromTrack2.Additionally,the2:00p.m.traintoBrisbaneonTrack1hasbeenmovedtoTrack4.There’surgenttrackmaintenanceforseveralstationlines,soourstation’ssafetyofficershavemadethisurgentdecision.Pleasedouble-checkthetracknumberbeforeboardingandcheckthedestinationsigntoconfirmyourtrain.Weunderstandthesechangesbringchallenges,sopleaseallowextratimetobuyticketsandboardtrains.Recently,we’vereceivedmanycommentsthatpassengerscouldn’tcatchtheirtrains.We’redoingeverythingwecantoreducethisproblem.Now,wehaveadditionalguidesinthestationtohelpeveryonefindtheirplatformandtrain.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,don’thesitatetoaskforhelp.Finally,weofferfoodanddrinksonthetrain.Pleasepreparesomecashincaseyouronlinepaymentfails,becausethephonesignalmaydropwhentrainsaretravelingthroughmountainsandcountrysideareas.So,pleasegetpreparedforthatandfindyourwaystokilltimeonthetrain.Thanksforlistening,andthanksforridingAustralianRailways.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A Inyearspast,manypeoplewouldtraveloverNewYear’sEveandimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinadifferentculture.Countriesaroundtheworldcelebratethenewyearwithuniquecustomsandtraditionscarriedoutatthecelebration.Japan:EattoshikoshisobaShiwasuistheend-of-the-yearperiodinJapan.TocelebrateNewYear’sEve,peopleeat“year-crossing”soba,whichcansymbolizehavingalongandfortunatelifealongwithacleanbreakfromtheyear.However,wheneatenatmidnight,there’sacertaincrossoftheoldandthenewyear,thusyoucannot“breakoff”alloflastyear’stroublesproperlybutinsteadcarrythemovertothefollowingyear.Russia:Burn,thendrinkyourwishesAfterayearofruineddreamsandcanceledplans,setyoursightsonafreshstartwiththisRussiantradition.Beforemidnight,writedownyourwishesonapieceofpaper,thenlightthepaperonfire.Onceit’sstoppedburning,spreadthewish-filledashesintoaglassofchampagneanddrinkupshortlyaftertheclockcompletesstrikingmidnight.Spain:Eat12grapesPerhapstheeasiesttraditiontocarryoutiseatinggrapesforgoodluck.Whentheclockstartsstrikingatmidnight,eatonewitheachringingsound.Betterifyou’rewearingspecialNewYear’sEveunderwearwhileeatingyourgrapes.Apairofredunderwearcanbringyouanewyearoflove,whileyellowmaybringjoyandfortune.Greece:HangsomeonionsIfyou’vebeencookingthroughoutthepandemic,maybeyouhavesomeonionsaroundthehousetospareforthistradition.InGreece,onionssymbolizerebirth,sopeoplehangthemupontheirdoorsonDec.31toencourageayearofgrowth.KeeptheGreektraditionsgoingbybakingaspecialcakeonNewYear’sDay.Hideacoininthecakeandshareitwithyourlovedones-whoeverfindsthecoinissaidtohaveayearofgoodluck.21.Whereisthepassagemorelikelytobetakenfrom?A.Anewsreport.B.Ascientificessay.C.Atourismbrochure.D.Ahistorybook.22.Whichhasthesymbolicmeaningof“Bornagain”?A.Soba.B.Ashes.C.Grapes.D.Onions.23.InwhichcountrythingsareeatenwhilelisteningtotheNewYear’sbells?A.JapanB.Russia.C.Spain.D.Greece.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同国家庆祝新年的独特习俗和传统。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inyearspast,manypeoplewouldtraveloverNewYear’sEveandimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinadifferentculture.Countriesaroundtheworldcelebratethenewyearwithuniquecustomsandtraditionscarriedoutatthecelebration.(在过去，许多人会在新年前夜旅行，沉浸在不同的文化中。世界各国都有各自独特的习俗和传统来庆祝新年)”和下文中对不同国家庆祝新年独特习俗和传统的介绍可推知，本文更符合旅游手册的特点，旨在为游客提供旅游目的地的文化、风俗等信息。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Greece:Hangsomeonions部分中“InGreece,onionssymbolizerebirth,sopeoplehangthemupontheirdoorsonDec.31toencourageayearofgrowth.(在希腊，洋葱象征着重生，所以人们在12月31日把它们挂在门上，以鼓励一年的增长)”可知，洋葱象征“重生”。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Spain:Eat12grapes(西班牙：吃12颗葡萄)部分中“Perhapstheeasiesttraditiontocarryoutiseatinggrapesforgoodluck.Whentheclockstartsstrikingatmidnight,eatonewitheachringingsound.(也许最容易完成的传统是吃葡萄以求好运。当午夜钟声敲响时，每听到一声钟声就吃一个)”可知，在西班牙，人们一边听着新年的钟声一边吃东西。故选C项。BCoinedas“deliverymanbyday,poetbynight,”55-year-oldWangJibingearnsalivingasadeliverypersoninJiangsuProvince.Hestartedwritingpoemsonlineinthe2000s,andlaterexpandedtodifferentsocialmediaplatforms.Healsocameunderthespotlightashisnamewasonthe2023listofnewmembersfortheChineseWritersAssociation,igniting(点燃)praiseanddiscussionsamongChinesenetizens.Droppingoutofsecondaryschool,Wangtriedvariousjobstomakealiving,suchasaconstructionworkerandworkingonsandminingboats,aswellasagarbagecollector.Nowasahusbandandafatherofthreechildren,thefinancialburdenonhisshoulderhasbecomeheavierandhisworkschedulehasgottenevenbusier.Yetithasneverstoppedhimfromreadingandwritingroutinelyallhislife.Hispassionforpoetryhasdrivenhimtowriteover4,000poems.Hispoemtitled“PeopleinaHurry”gatheredmorethan13millionviewswithinaweek.Wanggainedinspirationforthepoemfromanunpleasantfooddeliveryexperiencein2019.Becausethecustomermadeamistakewiththeaddresshehadtorushseveraltimestogetthefooddeliveredontime.Itledtodelayswithotherorders,aswellaspunishmentsandadecreaseinhisearningsforthedelivery.Thegovernmentlatertookactiontotacklethistypeofsituation,demandingdeliveryfirmsbetterprotectdeliveryperson’srights. ThesubjectsofWang’spoemscoverawiderange,includinghismemoriesofhisfamilyandhometown,andhisobservationsofsocietyandlifewhileworkingasalaborerindifferentcities.Duringaninterviewwiththemedia,Wangnotedthatdeliveringfoodallowshimtointeractwithmorepeopleandexperiencemorethings.Thejobhasalsosparkedadeeperunderstandingandempathyforothers.Writingpoetryhelpshimfeelcomfortableandfindpeaceofmind.24.HowisWang’sdailylifenow?A.Heenjoysthepopularityofhispoetry.B.Hewritesatnighttoletgohisdispleasure.C.Hebalanceshisresponsibilitiesandhisdream.D.Hestrugglesinspeakingupforordinarypeople.25.WhatcanweinferfromWang’s2019experienceanditsresult?A.Ordinarypeoplecanachieveagoodliving.B.Ordinarypeople’svoiceisheardbythesociety.C.Ordinarypeople’sideacanbeartfullyexpressed.D.Ordinarypeopleareeagertohaveaspiritualhomeland.26.WhydosomanypeoplereadWang’spoems?A.Hispoemshelppeoplegetmoreinformation.B.Hispoemscareabouttheunfairnessinthesociety.C.Hispoemsarefilledwithmemoriesofhisfamilyandhometown.D.Hispoemsarerootedineverydaylifeofordinarypeople.27.WhichwordcanbetterdescribeWang’sstory?A.Inspiring.B.Surprising.C.Interesting.D.Concerning.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名江苏省的快递员王计兵从2000年开始在不同的网络平台写诗，终于在2023年出现在中国作家协会新会员的名单上，引起了中国网民的赞扬和讨论。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Nowasahusbandandafatherofthreechildren,thefinancialburdenonhisshoulderhasbecomeheavierandhisworkschedulehasgottenevenbusier.Yetithasneverstoppedhimfromreadingandwritingroutinelyallhislife.Hispassionforpoetryhasdrivenhimtowriteover4,000poems. ”（现在作为一个丈夫和三个孩子的父亲，他肩上的经济负担变得更重了，他的工作日程也变得更忙了。然而，这从未阻止过他一生的日常阅读和写作。他对诗歌的热情驱使他写了4000多首诗。）可知，他在养家的过程中依旧写了许多诗，可得出他平衡了自己的责任和梦想。故选C项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hispoemtitled“PeopleinaHurry”gatheredmorethan13millionviewswithinaweek.Wanggainedinspirationforthepoemfromanunpleasantfooddeliveryexperiencein2019. (他的诗《匆匆忙忙的人》在一周内获得了超过1300万的浏览量。王吉兵从2019年一次不愉快的送餐经历中获得了这首诗的灵感。)”和“Thegovernmentlatertookactiontotacklethistypeofsituation,demandingdeliveryfirmsbetterprotectdeliveryperson’srights.”（政府后来采取措施解决这类情况，要求快递公司更好地保护快递员的权利。）可知，从2019年的不愉快的送餐经历中王计兵获得了写诗灵感及该诗反映的送餐员困境的现象引起了政府的措施可以看出，普通人的声音可以被社会听到。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ThesubjectsofWang’spoemscoverawiderange,includinghismemoriesofhisfamilyandhometown,andhisobservationsofsocietyandlifewhileworkingasalaborerindifferentcities.”（王计兵的诗歌题材广泛，包括他对家庭和家乡的回忆，以及他在不同城市打工时对社会和生活的观察。）可推知，许多人读王计兵的诗，是因为他的诗植根于普通人的日常生活。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Coinedas“deliverymanbyday,poetbynight,”55-year-oldWangJibingearnsalivingasadeliverypersoninJiangsuProvince.Hestartedwritingpoemsonlineinthe2000s,andlaterexpandedtodifferentsocialmediaplatforms.Healsocameunderthespotlightashisnamewasonthe2023listofnewmembersfortheChineseWritersAssociation,igniting(点燃)praiseanddiscussionsamongChinesenetizens.”（55岁的王计兵在江苏省以送货为生，被誉为“白天送货，晚上诗人”。2000年，他开始在网上写诗，后来扩展到不同的社交媒体平台。由于他的名字出现在2023年中国作协新成员名单上，他也受到了关注，引发了中国网民的赞扬和讨论。）可知，王计兵的故事鼓舞人心。故选A项。CItisapracticefavoredbyLenaDunham,TomHanksandLadyGagatoimprovetheirfocusandbringaboutcalmnessinanoftenbusy,distractedworld.Nowresearchershavefoundevidencethatfrequentmeditation(冥想)overseveralyears,mayhelpchangehumangut(肠道),boostthebody’simmune(免疫的)systemandreducetheriskofanxiety,depressionandheartdisease.ThefindingsarepublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal.Meditationisincreasinglyusedtohelptreatdrugabuse,overwhelmingstress,eatingdisordersandlong-lastingpain.Butuntilnowithasnotbeenclearwhetheritcouldalsobeabletochangethecompositionofthegutmicrobiome(微生物组).Inanefforttofindout,researchersledbytheShanghaiMentalHealthCentreatthe ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityanalyzedthestool(粪便)andbloodsamplesof37TibetanBuddhistmonksfromthreetemplesand19residentsintheneighboringareas.TheTibetanmeditationfromtheancientIndianmedicalsystem,isaformofpsychologicaltraining.Themonksinthestudyhadpracticeditforatleast2hoursadayfor3-30years.Bothgroupswerematchedforage,bloodpressure,heartrateanddiet.Stoolsampleanalysisrevealedsignificantdifferencesinthediversityandvolumeofmicrobesbetweenthemonksandtheirneighbors.“Bacteriaenrichedinthemeditationgrouphadapositiveeffectonhumanphysicalandmentalhealth,”theresearcherswrote.“Thischangedgutmicrobiomecompositioncouldimproveimmunefunctioninthebody.”Bloodsampleanalysisalsorevealedthelevelsofmarkersassociatedwithriskofheartdiseaseweresignificantlylowerinthemonks.Theresearchersemphasizedthatthestudywasobservationalandthenumberjoiningwassmall,allmaleandlivingathighaltitude,makingitdifficulttodrawanyfirmorgeneralconclusions.However,basedontheirfindings,theresearcherssaidtheroleofmeditationinhelpingtopreventortreatmentalandphysicalillnessdeservedfurtherresearch.28.Whydomanypeopledomeditationaccordingtothepassage?A.Tobringaboutinnerpeace.B.Tocuresomecertainillnesses.C.Toreducesomeextramovement.D.Tochangethegutmicrobiomecomposition.29.Whatdidtheresearchersanalyzeintheirstudy?AStoolandbloodsample.B.Immunesystem.C.Humangut.D.TibetanMeditation.30.Accordingtothestudy,whatcontributedtohumanimmunesystem?A.TheDrugstakenbefore.B.Thereligionpeoplebelongto.C.Theeatinghabitformedalready.D.Thebacteriaproducedinthemeditation.31.Whatisthemajorachievementthestudymade?A.Ittrackedthejoinersoveralongperiod.B.Itexploredthewayhowthebacteriainfluencesthegutmicrobiome.C.Itinvolvedalargesamplesizeofdifferentgenders,agegroups,andareas.D.Itprovidesevidencethatmeditationchangesgutmicrobiomecomposition.【答案】28.A29.A30.D31.D 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冥想对身心有诸多好处，来自上海交通大学的研究人员通过研究表明冥想也能改变肠道微生物组的组成，但因实验样本诸多局限，很难得出任何确切或一般的结论。【28题详解】推理判断题题。由第一段中“ItisapracticefavoredbyLenaDunham,TomHanksandLadyGagatoimprovetheirfocusandbringaboutcalmnessinanoftenbusy,distractedworld.(这是LenaDunham、TomHanks和LadyGaga喜欢的一种练习，可以在一个经常繁忙、分心的世界里提高注意力，带来平静。)”推知，很多人冥想是因为它能带来内心的平静。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中“Inanefforttofindout,researchersledbytheShanghaiMentalHealthCentreattheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityanalyzedthestool(粪便)andbloodsamplesof37TibetanBuddhistmonksfromthreetemplesand19residentsintheneighboringareas.(为了找到答案，由上海交通大学上海心理健康中心领导的研究人员分析了来自三座寺庙的37名藏传佛教僧侣和邻近地区19名居民的粪便和血液样本)”可知，研究人员在他们的研究中分析了粪便和血样。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中“Stoolsampleanalysisrevealedsignificantdifferencesinthediversityandvolumeofmicrobesbetweenthemonksandtheirneighbors.“Bacteriaenrichedinthemeditationgrouphadapositiveeffectonhumanphysicalandmentalhealth,”theresearcherswrote.“Thischangedgutmicrobiomecompositioncouldimproveimmunefunctioninthebody.”(粪便样本分析显示，僧侣和他们的邻居在微生物的多样性和数量上存在显著差异。研究人员写道：“冥想小组中富含的细菌对人类的身心健康有积极影响。”“这种肠道微生物组组成的变化可以改善身体的免疫功能。”)”可知，冥想中产生的细菌对人体免疫系统有贡献。故选D项。【31题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中“Butuntilnowithasnotbeenclearwhetheritcouldalsobeabletochangethecompositionofthegutmicrobiome(微生物组).Inanefforttofindout,researchersledbytheShanghaiMentalHealthCentreattheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityanalyzedthestool(粪便)andbloodsamplesof37TibetanBuddhistmonksfromthreetemplesand19residentsintheneighboringareas.(但到目前为止，尚不清楚它是否也能改变肠道微生物组的组成。为了找到答案，由上海交通大学上海心理健康中心领导的研究人员分析了来自三座寺庙的37名藏传佛教僧侣和邻近地区19名居民的粪便和血液样本)”和“Stoolsampleanalysisrevealedsignificantdifferencesinthediversityandvolumeofmicrobesbetweenthemonksandtheirneighbors.“Bacteriaenrichedinthemeditationgrouphadapositiveeffectonhumanphysicalandmentalhealth,” theresearcherswrote.“Thischangedgutmicrobiomecompositioncouldimproveimmunefunctioninthebody.”(粪便样本分析显示，僧侣和他们的邻居在微生物的多样性和数量上存在显著差异。研究人员写道：“冥想小组中富含的细菌对人类的身心健康有积极影响。”“这种肠道微生物组组成的变化可以改善身体的免疫功能。”)”可知，来自上海交通大学的研究人员通过研究得出冥想僧侣比起他们的邻居在微生物的多样性和数量上存在显著差异，冥想中产生的细菌对人体免疫系统有贡献，证实了冥想也能改变肠道微生物组的组成。故选D项。DDoesahappypersonlivelonger?Manystudieshaveconvincedusthathappinessbringsgoodhealth,whichhasresultedinanincreasingdemandforspeakersandproductsencouragingpositivethinking.However,beinghappydoesnotpromisethatoneisgoingtobehealthy.Thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceone’shealthandlonglifesuchasaperson’sgenesorevenaperson’ssocio-economiccondition.Someresearchevensuggeststhatpositivethinkingcanbedangerous.Positivethinking,whentakentotheextreme,cancauseapersontobeseparatedfromreality.Forexample,apersonwhothinksthatstayinghappyandpositivecanhelphimrecoverfromanillnesslikecancerbutlaterfailstorecoverfromit,mayblamehimselffornotbeinghappy.Inthiscase,positivethinkingmaypotentiallymakethevictimdisregardotherfactors.Sometimesthepursuitofhappinessisevenassociatedwithseriousmentalhealthproblemssuchasdepression.Alltypesofhappinessarenotgoodforuseither.Forexample,pride,apleasantfeeling,cansometimesrobusoftheabilitytoempathizewithothersorunderstandanother’sviewpoint.Thisanti-socialbehaviorcancausepeoplearoundustoturnawayfromus,andthiscould,inturn,makeusfeellonelyanddoharmtoourmentalandevenphysicalhealth.Moreover,unpleasantfeelingscanbebeneficialtoaperson’swell-being.Researchersbelievethatunpleasantfeelingscanhelpusmakesenseofourchallengesandexperiencesinawaythatsupportspsychologicalwell-being.Forexample,ifIhavebehavedbadlytowardsmygoodfriend,thefeelingsofguiltandsadnessmightmotivatemetoapologizeandaskforforgiveness.Therebuildingofabrokenrelationshipcanbealifttoone’smentalwell-being.Intryingtoexperiencehappiness,weshouldrememberthatseekingforhappinessasanendinitselfcanbeself-defeating,anddoesnotnecessarilyleadtobetterhealth.Afterall,onewillsurelyexperiencesetbacksandconflictsinlife.Instead,learningtocopewithnegativeemotionswitharealisticpositiveattitudeiskeytoaperson’sgoodhealth.32.What’sthewriter’sopinioninthispassage?A.Negativethinkingcanbedangerous. B.Stayinghappycanbringgoodhealth.C.Unpleasantfeelingscannotbebeneficial.D.Happinesscannotensureone’sgoodhealth.33.Whencanpositivethinkingbedangerousaccordingtothepassage?A.Whenweuseitwitharealisticattitudetosolveproblems.B.Whenwefocusonitasanonlydeterminantofhappylife.C.Whenwethinkitoneofthenecessaryfactorforgoodhealth.D.Whenwerealizeitmayrobusoftheabilitytounderstandothers.34.Howcanunpleasantfeelingsbebeneficialtoaperson’swell-being?A.Theyrebuildabrokenrelationship.B.Theyleadtoself-reflectionandpersonalgrowth.C.Theyhelpkeeptheproblemsandchallengesaway.D.Theypreventlong-termnegativeeffectsonmentalhealth.35.Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningof“anendinitself”?A.Anultimategoal.B.Anindividualplan.C.Afinaldecision.D.Agreatstart.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章提出了快乐并不能保证一个人就会健康的观点。还有其他因素影响一个人的健康和长寿，例如一个人的基因，甚至一个人的社会经济状况决定是否会健康。学会用现实的积极态度应对消极情绪是一个人健康的关键。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,beinghappydoesnotpromisethatoneisgoingtobehealthy.Thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceone’shealthandlonglifesuchasaperson’sgenesorevenaperson’ssocio-economiccondition.”（然而，快乐并不能保证一个人就会健康。还有其他因素影响一个人的健康和长寿，例如一个人的基因，甚至一个人的社会经济状况。）可知，文章中作者认为快乐并不能保证一个人的健康。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Someresearchevensuggeststhatpositivethinkingcanbedangerous.Positivethinking,whentakentotheextreme,cancauseapersontobeseparatedfromreality.Forexample,apersonwhothinksthatstayinghappyandpositivecanhelphimrecoverfromanillnesslikecancerbutlaterfailstorecover fromit,mayblamehimselffornotbeinghappy.Inthiscase,positivethinkingmaypotentiallymakethevictimdisregardotherfactors.”（一些研究甚至表明，积极思考可能是危险的。当走向极端时，积极的思考会导致一个人脱离现实。例如，一个人认为保持快乐和积极可以帮助他从癌症等疾病中恢复过来，但后来却无法恢复，他可能会责怪自己不快乐。在这种情况下，积极的思考可能会使受害者忽视其他因素。）可知，当我们将积极思考视为幸福生活的唯一决定因素时，积极思考可能是危险的。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Moreover,unpleasantfeelingscanbebeneficialtoaperson’swell-being.Researchersbelievethatunpleasantfeelingscanhelpusmakesenseofourchallengesandexperiencesinawaythatsupportspsychologicalwell-being.Forexample,ifIhavebehavedbadlytowardsmygoodfriend,thefeelingsofguiltandsadnessmightmotivatemetoapologizeandaskforforgiveness.Therebuildingofabrokenrelationshipcanbealifttoone’smentalwell-being.”（此外，不愉快的感觉可能对一个人的健康有益。研究人员认为，不愉快的感觉可以帮助我们以一种支持心理健康的方式理解我们的挑战和经历。例如，如果我对我的好朋友表现不好，内疚和悲伤的感觉可能会促使我道歉并请求原谅。重建一段破裂的关系可以提升一个人的精神健康。）可知，不愉快的感觉能导致自我反思和个人成长，这有益于一个人的幸福。故选B。【35题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“However,beinghappydoesnotpromisethatoneisgoingtobehealthy.Thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceone’shealthandlonglifesuchasaperson’sgenesorevenaperson’ssocio-economiccondition. (然而，快乐并不意味着一个人就会健康。还有其他因素会影响一个人的健康和长寿，例如一个人的基因，甚至一个人的社会经济状况。)”可知，快乐不一定会让我们健康，我们不能把追求快乐当作目的。以及二段说到积极思想有时很危险，第三段说不是所有的快乐都对我们有好处，最后一段“Intryingtoexperiencehappiness,weshouldrememberthatseekingforhappinessasanendinitselfcanbeself-defeating,anddoesnotnecessarilyleadtobetterhealth.Afterall,onewillsurelyexperiencesetbacksandconflictsinlife.Instead,learningtocopewithnegativeemotionswitharealisticpositiveattitudeiskeytoaperson’sgoodhealth.”（在尝试体验快乐的过程中，我们应该记住，把追求快乐作为anendinitself可能会弄巧成拙，也不一定会带来更好的健康。毕竟，一个人在生活中肯定会遇到挫折和冲突。相反，学会用现实的积极态度应对消极情绪是一个人健康的关键）可知，不要把追求快乐当作目的，anendinitself是“目的”的意思，近义词是Anultimategoal表示“一个最终目标”。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分.满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Inaworldwheretechnologyisking,hardlydoesadaygobywithoutthelaunchofsome“world-changing”productinthefieldofalternatereality.____36____.TheseincludeVR,AR,MR,XRandthelistgoeson.Manypeopleconfuseaugmentedreality(AR)withvirtualreality(VR)andunderstandablyso.BothARandVRofferalternateoralteredrealityexperiencesandasaresult,itiseasyforuserstobeattractedandwonderwhatisrealandwhatisnot._____37_____.Bothaimtoprovideanenhancedorenrichedexperiencetousers,mostcommonlyusedinthegamingscene,butalsoincreasinglyusedinotherareas.However,ARandVRcanbequitedifferentinmanyways.Themaindifferenceliesinthemodeofdelivery.Simplyput,VR“transports”theusertoanotherworld,by“replacing”therealworldwithavirtualsubstitutemostcommonlydonethroughhelmetsorgogglestocompletelyimmersethegamerinadifferentreality._____38_____AR,however,doesnotchangetheentirelandscapeofwhatuserssee._____39_____.WhileARmaybelessimmersivethanVR,thesuccessofgameswhichuseARisproofthatitcanbejustasorevenmoreentertainingthanVRgames.Moreover,sinceARdoesnotrequiretheuseofgogglesorhelmets,itismoreaccessible.VRandARarebothpowerfultechnologieswhicharestillrelativelynewtomanyconsumers._____40_____.Theycancompletelychangehowweuseourelectronicdevicesinthefuture,butwhetheronewilledgeouttheotherisanyone’sguess.A.VRcanbeinteractiveornon-interactive.B.Infact,itaddstorealitywithdigitalimages.C.Inshort,attheheartofVRandARaretwoverysimilartechnologies.D.However,theyhavealreadybeguntoshakethingsupinthegamingworld.E.Itisalsogettingincreasinglydifficulttokeepupwiththe“R”sthathavecomeintoexistence.F.Forexample,itcanmakeusersfeelasiftheyarefalling,therebyignitingfear.G.Theywouldseecomputermadeimagesasanoverlaytowhattheyseeinreallife.【答案】36.E37.C38.F39.B40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了AR和VR的相同点和不同点。【36题详解】根据上文“Inaworldwheretechnologyisking,hardlydoesadaygobywithoutthelaunchofsome“world-changing”productinthefieldofalternatereality.”（在一个技术为王的世界里，几乎每天都有一些“改变世界”的产品在虚拟现实领域发布。）根据下文“TheseincludeVR,AR,MR,XRandthelistgoeson.”（这些包括VR,AR,MR,XR等等）可知，选项承接上文说明跟上科技进步很困难，因为新科技产品不断在出现，并引出下文对一些“R”的列举。故E选项“跟上已经出现的“R ”的步伐也变得越来越困难”切题。故选E项。【37题详解】根据下文“Bothaimtoprovideanenhancedorenrichedexperiencetousers,mostcommonlyusedinthegamingscene,butalsoincreasinglyusedinotherareas.”（两者都旨在为用户提供增强或丰富的体验，最常用于游戏场景，但也越来越多地用于其他领域。）可知，VR和AR技术很相似。故C选项“简而言之，VR和AR的核心是两种非常相似的技术。”切题。故选C项。【38题详解】根据上文“Simplyput,VR“transports”theusertoanotherworld,by“replacing”therealworldwithavirtualsubstitutemostcommonlydonethroughhelmetsorgogglestocompletelyimmersethegamerinadifferentreality.”（简而言之，VR将用户“传送”到另一个世界，用虚拟的替代品“取代”现实世界，最常见的是通过头盔或护目镜，让玩家完全沉浸在不同的现实中。）可知，选项承接上文具体举例说明。故F选项“例如，它可以让用户感觉自己好像在坠落，从而引发恐惧。”切题。故选F项。【39题详解】根据上文“AR,however,doesnotchangetheentirelandscapeofwhatuserssee.”（然而，增强现实并没有改变用户看到的整个景观。）可知，选项承接上文说明实际的情况。故B选项“事实上，它通过数字图像增强了现实”切题。故选B项。【40题详解】根据上文“VRandARarebothpowerfultechnologieswhicharestillrelativelynewtomanyconsumers.”（VR和AR都是强大的技术，对许多消费者来说仍然相对较新）和下文“Theycancompletelychangehowweuseourelectronicdevicesinthefuture,butwhetheronewilledgeouttheotherisanyone’sguess.”（它们可以完全改变我们未来使用电子设备的方式，但其中一种是否会取代另一种还不得而知）可知，选项与上文为转折关关系，说明VR和AR的影响。故D选项“然而，他们已经开始撼动游戏世界”切题。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BothDebbieandSimonworkintheSunbeamTravelCompany.Onedaytheyweresittingintheoffice.Thedooropenedandaladyentered.Sheglancedatthemboth,___41___amoment,thenwalkedoverandsatoppositeDebbie.Debbiegreetedher___42___inthecorridor,andtheygotdowntobusiness.Simon___43___,stoodupandleft.HemetMrSmith,themanager.“What’sup,Simon?Youdon’tlookvery___44___.” “It’sthecustomers,”Simonsaid.“TheyalwayspreferDebbietome.Ican’t___45___it.”“Ican.It’sthewayyou___46___.”“Howcanthatbe?”Simonsaid.“Idon’tevengeta___47___tospeaktothem.”“Communicatingismorethanspeakingandlistening,Simon.Yourbodylanguageis___48___,too.”“Whatkindoflanguageisthat?”“It’sthewayyoustandandsitandwalk.It’syourgesturesandtheexpressiononyourfaceandinyoureyes.Yourwhole___49___communicatesthings,evenyou’renotspeaking.Thewayyoulookatcustomersdoesn’tgivethemagoodimpression,Simon.Forexample,youoftenrestyourheadonyour_____50_____.Youdon’tsmile.Youdon’tturnyourheadoryourbodytowardsthecustomers.ButlookatDebbie.She’sholdingherhead_____51_____.Shelooksatthecustomerintheeye.Shesmiles.Sheturnsherheadandherbodytowardsthecustomer.Yourbodylanguageistellingcustomersto_____52_____.Debbie’sismakingthemfeelwelcome.That’swhythecustomersgotoherandnottoyou.”Afterthat,Simontriedtoimprovehisbodylanguage.Thisseemedto_____53_____.Minuteslater,agirlentered.Without_____54_____,shesatdownoppositeSimonandgavehimabigsmile.Afewmomentslater,sheleft,stillsmiling.MrSmithcameoverandsaid,“WellSimon,you_____55_____madeagoodimpressiononthatcustomer.Welldone.”“Thatwasn’tacustomer,”Simonsaid.“Thatwasmysister.Shewantedtoborrowsomemoneyforlunch.”41.A.listenedB.stoodC.lookedD.paused42.A.calmlyB.wildlyC.cheerfullyD.hopefully43.A.bowedB.sighedC.laughedD.nodded44.A.sadB.relaxedC.happyD.nervous45.A.understandB.graspC.believeD.guess46.A.thinkB.interpretC.communicateD.perceive47. A.chanceB.minuteC.wordD.right48.A.creativeB.adorableC.funD.important49.A.styleB.appearanceC.speechD.character50.A.shoulderB.armC.fingerD.hand51.A.highB.upC.steadyD.back52.A.goawayB.goaheadC.getgoingD.getready53.A.workB.confuseC.frustrateD.motivate54.A.invitationB.explanationC.permissionD.hesitation55.A.probablyB.certainlyC.finallyD.likely【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C45.A46.C47.A48.D49.B50.D51.B52.A53.A54.D55.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述在一家旅游公司工作的西蒙，她对于客户总是喜欢黛比而不喜欢他感到困惑，后来他的经理给他讲了肢体语言在沟通中的重要性，他试着改变，有一天一位女孩来找西蒙并且一直很开心，经理以为西蒙给客户留下了好的印象，结果这个女孩是西蒙的妹妹，来找她借钱的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看了他们俩一眼，停下，然后走过去坐在黛比对面。A.listened听；B.stood站立；C.looked看；D.paused停顿。根据上文“Sheglancedatthemboth”和下文“thenwalkedoverandsatoppositeDebbie”可知应是进来看到两个人，想看要找哪个业务员，所以应该是停下来确定要找哪个人，故选D。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：黛比在过道里高兴地跟她打了招呼，然后他们开始谈业务。A.calmly镇静地；B.wildly疯狂地；C.cheerfully高兴地；D.hopefully有希望地。根据下文“theygotdowntobusiness ”可知是来找她谈业务的，所以应该是高兴，故选C。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙叹了口气，站起来离开了。A.bowed鞠躬；B.sighed叹气；C.laughed大笑；D.nodded点头。根据下文“What’sup,Simon?Youdon’tlookvery___4___.”经理的问话，可知西蒙应该是不太开心，所以应该是叹气，故选B。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他见到了经理史密斯先生。“怎么了，西蒙?你看起来不太高兴。”A.sad悲伤；B.relaxed放松的；C.happy高兴的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文““It’sthecustomers,”Simonsaid.“TheyalwayspreferDebbietome.Ican’t___5___it.””可知客户更喜欢黛比，所以西蒙应该是看起来不太高兴，故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是顾客，”西蒙说。“他们总是喜欢黛比而不是我。我无法理解。”A.understand理解；B.grasp掌握；C.believe相信；D.guess猜测。根据上文““It’sthecustomers,”Simonsaid.“TheyalwayspreferDebbietome.””可知西蒙对于客户喜欢黛比而不喜欢自己这件事没办法理解，故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我可以。是你沟通的方式。”A.think认为；B.interpret口译；C.communicate沟通；D.perceive察觉。根据下文“Communicatingismorethanspeakingandlistening,Simon.”可知经理是说西蒙的沟通方式有问题，故选C。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这怎么可能?”西蒙说。“我甚至没有机会和他们说话”A.chance机会；B.minute分钟；C.word话语；D.right权利。根据上文““It’sthecustomers,”Simonsaid.“TheyalwayspreferDebbietome.””可知客户不太喜欢西蒙，所以应该是都没有说话的机会，故选A。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沟通不仅仅是说和听，西蒙。你的肢体语言也很重要。A.creative有创造力的；B.adorable可爱的；C.fun有趣的；D.important重要的。根据上文“Communicatingismorethanspeakingandlistening,Simon.”和常识可知，沟通不仅仅有说和听，肢体语言也很关键，重要，故选D。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的整个外表都在传达信息，即使你没有说话。A.style方式；B.appearance外表；C.speech演讲；D.character性格。根据上文“It’sthewayyoustandandsitandwalk.It’syourgesturesandtheexpressiononyourfaceandinyoureyes.”可知是整个外表，故选B。【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，你经常把头靠在手上。A.shoulder肩膀；B.arm胳膊；C.finger手指；D.hand手。根据上文“Youdon’tsmile.Youdon’tturnyourheadoryourbodytowardsthecustomers.”和常识可知是经常把头靠在手上，让客户感觉没有正视他们，故选D。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她昂着头。A.high高；B.up向上；C.steady稳定地；D.back向后。根据下文“Shelooksatthecustomerintheeye.Shesmiles.Sheturnsherheadandherbodytowardsthecustomer.”可知黛比总是抬头挺胸的，故选B。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你的肢体语言是在告诉顾客走开。A.goaway离开；B.goahead前进；C.getgoing出发；D.getready准备好。根据下文“Debbie’sismakingthemfeelwelcome.”可知和黛比的肢体语言对比，西蒙的肢体语言是在告诉客户离开，故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这似乎奏效了。A.work奏效，起作用；B.confuse困惑；C.frustrate挫折；D.motivate刺激。根据上文“Afterthat,Simontriedtoimprovehisbodylanguage.”和下文“shesatdownoppositeSimonandgavehimabigsmile”可知西蒙试着改进他的肢体语言起作用了，故选A。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，一个女孩走了进来。她毫不犹豫地坐在西蒙对面，给了他一个大大的微笑。A.invitation邀请；B.explanation解释；C.permission准许；D.hesitation犹豫。根据上文“Afterthat,Simontriedtoimprovehisbodylanguage.Thisseemedto____13____.”可知西蒙试着改进肢体语言似乎奏效了，所以那个女孩应该是一进屋没有犹豫就坐在了西蒙的对面，故选D。【55题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：史密斯先生走过来说：“西蒙，你一定给那位顾客留下了很好的印象。做得好。”A.probably可能地；B.certainly一定；C.finally最后；D.likely可能地。根据上文“Without____14____,shesatdownoppositeSimonandgavehimabigsmile.Afewmomentslater,sheleft,stillsmiling.”可知经理认为西蒙一定是给那位顾客留下了好的印象，那位顾客才会一直很开心，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“TheSpace-TimePainter,”writtenbyChinesewriterHaiYa,wontheHugoAwardforBestNoveletteatthe81stWorldScienceFictionConvention,___56___(hold)inthecityofChengdu.Itisthefirsttimethattheworld’slargestandlongest-runningsci-figathering____57____(come)toChina.Haisharedhissourceof____58____(inspire)ofcreatingtheaward-winningbookatapressconference.“I watched___59___programofChinaMediaGroupnamedNationalTreasureArchiveandthedetailedinformationofthepainterofOneThousandLiofRiversandMountainswasintroduced,___60___interestedme,”hesaid,addingthatthepainterwasan____61____(extreme)giftedyoungmanbutwasneverseenagaininhistory,whichisaconceptthatcould____62____(explore)withscience-fiction.Thefictiontellsastoryaboutthe_____63_____(politics)powerstruggleofthetimecombined____64____diverseelementssuchasChinesetraditionalculture,history,inferenceandsciencefiction.Hai,alsoafinancialworker,thinksof____65____(he)moreasci-fienthusiastthanawriter.“Iwritewhiledoingmyjob,soIhaveverylittletimetowriteeveryday,”hesaid.“ButIthinkaslongasIloveitandamwillingtoputeffortsinit,Iwillseehopesandthedawn.”【答案】56.held57.hascome58.inspiration59.a60.which61.extremely62.beexplored63.political64.with65.himself【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国作家海漄凭借作品《时空画师》在第81届世界科幻大会上荣获雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖，这也是该大会首次在中国举办。海漄在新闻发布会上分享了创作灵感，并解释了小说的主题和背景【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会上，中国作家海漄的作品《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。“(hold)inthecityofChengdu”作后置定语，hold(举行)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the81stWorldScienceFictionConvention之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填held。【57题详解】考查固定句型。句意：这是世界上规模最大、历史最悠久的科幻盛会首次来到中国。It+is/was+thefirst/second/...+that+sb.has/haddonesth.为固定句型，表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，该句型主句中be动词是is时，从句中谓语动词用has/havedone，be动词是was时，从句中谓语动词用haddone；本句中是“Itisthefirsttime...”，所以从句中应使用has/havedone，又因主语sci-figathering是单数名词，助动词用has。故填hascome。 【58题详解】考查名词。句意：海在新闻发布会上分享了他创作获奖书籍的灵感来源。提示词作宾语，用名词inspiration，意为“灵感”，不可数名词。故填inspiration。【59题详解】考查冠词。句意：他说：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探索的概念。可数名词program在句中表示“一个节目”，泛指，program发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探索的概念。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thedetailedinformationofthepainterofOneThousandLiofRiversandMountains，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。【61题详解】考查副词。句意：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探索的概念。提示词修饰形容词gifted，用副词extremely作状语，意为“ 极度，非常”。故填extremely。【62题详解】考查语态。句意：“我看了中央广播电视总台《国宝档案》节目，里面介绍了这位《千里河山》画家的详细资料，这让我很感兴趣。”他补充说，这位画家是一位非常有天赋的年轻人，但在历史上再也没有出现过，这是一个可以用科幻小说来探究的概念。explore(探究)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词concept)之间是被动关系，用被动语态，在情态动词could后助动词be用原形。故填beexplored。【63题详解】考查形容词。句意：小说结合了中国传统文化、历史、推理、科幻等多种元素，讲述了当时的政治权力斗争。提示词修饰名词power，用形容词political作定语，意为“政治的”。故填political。【64题详解】考查介词。句意：小说结合了中国传统文化、历史、推理、科幻等多种元素，讲述了当时的政治权力斗争。combine...with...是固定搭配，意为“与……结合/组合”。故填with。【65题详解】 考查代词。句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。句中主语Hai和作宾语的提示词he是同一个人，主语发出的动作施加在自己身上，应使用反身代词himself。故填himself。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.最近，你们学校组织了一次Schooltrip，目的地是一个湿地公园。请你给在新西兰的笔友Paul写一个Email，介绍这次活动。内容包括：1.活动内容；2.感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPaul,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiMing【答案】DearPaul,OurschoolorganizedafieldtriptoXixiWetlandforstudentslastweekend.XixiWetlandisanecosystemthatblendsurbanlifewithnaturalwetlands,knownasthe“greenlung”ofHangzhou.Weenjoyeddriftingalongtheriver,walkingalongthetrails,observingbirdsandflowers,andexperiencingthetraditionalcountrysidelife.Wealsoheldawetlandparkphotographycompetition.Thisactivitynotonlyrelaxedourmindsandbodiesbutalsoincreasedeveryone’sawarenessofurbandevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection.YouarewelcometovisitHangzhouandexploreXixiWetlandwithusifyouhavetheopportunity!Yours,LiMing【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校组织了以湿地公园为目的地的Schooltrip。要求考生给在新西兰的笔友Paul信介绍这次活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累组织：organize→conduct传统的：traditional→conventional比赛：competition→contest去参观，拜访：visit→payavisitto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：OurschoolorganizedafieldtriptoXixiWetlandforstudentslastweekend.拓展句：Lastweekend,ourschoolorganizedafieldtriptoXixiWetlandforstudents,whichprovidedthemwithanopportunitytoexploreandlearnaboutthenaturalenvironment.【点睛】[高分句型1]XixiWetlandisanecosystemthatblendsurbanlifewithnaturalwetlands,knownasthe“greenlung”ofHangzhou.(运用了that引导限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]YouarewelcometovisitHangzhouandexploreXixiWetlandwithusifyouhavetheopportunity!(运用了if引导条件状语从句)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onespring,IwashiredasgroundskeeperataCountryInn,afamousbed-and-breakfastlocatedinWashingtonstate.Thegrandhouseisinabeautifulplace.Manyfamouspeoplehavevisitedandevenhadtheirownroomsthere.Theowners,PhilipandCecelia,havedoneaperfectjobforthehouse.However,thegardenswereveryovergrown.Worseyet,therewasanotherproblem:averypersistentdoe(母鹿).EverydaywhenIcametowork,therewasnewevidenceofthedeer’sbigappetite.Itriedmanypreventives:spray,humanhair,soap,younameit-butnoneofthosethingshadeffect.OftenwhenIwasweeding,I’dlookoverandthereshe’dbe,munchingsometastypieces.Worstofall,shefeastedontheroses,inwhichCeceliatookgreatpride.IbecamesofrustratedthatInamedher“Dinner”—andwantedtoserveheronplates.Onemorning,IwasonmyhandsandkneespullingoutvinesandbusheswhenIcaughtamovementoutofthecornerofmyeye.TherewasDinner,notfivefeetaway,munchingalargeleafandstaringatme.Ifeltaconnectionwiththisanimal.Wedidhavesomethingincommon-wewerebothmothers.Igotthecrazyideaofcommunicatingwithheranditseemedshewantedthesamething.What’sup?Iaskedinmyhead.I’mherebecauseIfeelsafe,wasthegentlereplyIfeltIheard.Ihavemyfawns(幼鹿)beddeddownnearby,andthereisplentytoeat.Whenthetwinsareolderaftersummer,Iwillmovethemdeeperintotheforest. Iunderstandthat,Iassuredher.Peoplecomeheretoo,fromfaraway.Iguessthey’llbeinterestedtoseeyou.Ipromisethatnobodywillharmyouoryourchildren.Idon’tmindsharingthevegetationbutCecelialovesroses,too.Sheisveryupsetwhentheyarealleaten.Aloudcrashbrokethemagic.Oureyesmetagainbrieflybeforesheleapedoffacrossthedriveway,disappearingintotheforest.HasIreallycommunicatedwiththedeer?Paragraph1.IwentintothekitchenwhereCeceliawaspreparingtheeveningmeal.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2.Everyday,IenjoyedwatchingDinnerwiththetwinsandmypresenceneverbotheredthem.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】IwentintothekitchenwhereCeceliawaspreparingtheeveningmeal.“IjusthadameetingofthemindswithDinnerinthedriveway,”Itoldher.“Maybewecanlookatthisprobleminanotherway.Theguestscanseerosesanywhere.Buthavingwildlifemightreallyaddtothecharmoftheplace.Ceceliathoughtaboutitandlikedtheidea.Forthenextfewmonths,Dinnerbroughthertwinsintotheyard.Whileshegrazed,thesiblingsranaroundthelawn,justlikesmallchildren.Sheevenseemedtoposesothatguestscouldtakepictures.IenjoyedwatchingDinnerwiththetwinsandmypresenceneverbotheredthem.Thefawnswerecurious.Theywouldstareatmethroughthebushesandjumparound.Dinner’sparentingskillswereexcellent.Iwastouchedbythegentlenessandaffectionsheshowedhercharges.Assummerwounddown,Dinnerandherchildrenvisitedlessandless.shewastakingthemfartherintotheforest.Finally,theyleftforgood.Somaybethereisawaytoliveinharmonywiththesepeacefulcreatures.Considerwhowasherefirstandthinkwhatwe’vedonetothem,notjustwhatthey’vedonetous. 【解析】【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在华盛顿州一家著名的提供住宿和早餐的乡村旅馆做管理员，在工作期间他和母鹿Dinner之间由最开始的厌烦变为后面的和谐相处的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我走进厨房，塞西莉亚正在那里准备晚餐。”可知，第一段可描写作者和塞西莉亚决定让母鹿Dinner带着它的孩子们在乡村旅馆的花园里出现。②由第二段首句内容“我很喜欢看Dinner和它的双胞胎，我的出现从来没有打扰过它们。”可知，第二段可描写作者对于母鹿Dinner一家的感触。2.续写线索：花园里来了母鹿——母鹿经常惹祸——和母鹿的对视——同意留下母鹿和小鹿——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①看：lookat/accompanyhim/see②思考：thinkabout/consider③拍照：takepicture/takephotos情绪类①喜欢：enjoy/like②感动的：touched/moved【点睛】[高分句型1]Assummerwounddown,Dinnerandherchildrenvisitedlessandless.（由连接词as引导的时间状语）[高分句型2]Sheevenseemedtoposesothatguestscouldtakepictures.（由sothat引导的目的状语从句）