2023届高三英语总复习 （译林版2020）选择性必修第三册Unit1 Wish You were Here（教师版）.docx

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Unit1WishYouwereHere重点词汇1．distinctadj.截然不同的，有区别的；不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的2．carvevt.侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻3．mightyadj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的4．ancestorn．祖宗，祖先；原种5．samplevt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验n．样本，样品；取样6．welfaren．幸福，福祉；福利7．accommodationn．住处8．sustainvt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持9．resolutionn．决心；决定；决议；解决10．contrastvi.形成对比vt.对比；对照n．差异；差别；对照物11．rayn．光线，射线12．barbecuen．烤架；户外烧烤13．bordern．国界，边界vi.&vt.(与……)接壤14．brickn．砖块；积木15．bunchn．串，束；大量16．fetchvt.(去)拿来，(去)请来17．hiken．远足，徒步旅行vi.&vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行18．awesomeadj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的19．liquidadj.液体的，液态的n．液体20．polaradj.极地的；完全相反的21．delicacyn．佳肴；谨慎；敏感22．lambn．羊羔肉；羔羊词汇拓展1．unfoldvt.&vi.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现→foldvt.折叠；对折2．minorityn．少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人→minoradj.较小的；次要的→majoradj.主要的vi.主修→majorityn．大多数3．depthn．最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚→deepadj.深的；深厚的4．surroundingadj.周围的，附近的→surroundv．包围；围绕→surroundingsn．环境5．harmonyn．融洽，和睦；和谐→harmoniousadj.和谐的6．mannern．方式，方法；举止→mannersn．礼貌7．consumptionn．消耗，消耗量；消费→consumev．消耗；消费8．starvevi.&vt.(使)挨饿，(使)饿死→starvationn．挨饿；饿死→starvingadj.饥饿的；挨饿的9．departuren．离开，起程→departv．离开；起程；背离 10．parkingn．停车；停车位→parkv．停放；把……停在路边11．possessionn．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→possessv．具有，拥有12．intentlyadv.热切地，专注地→intentadj.热切的，专注的重点词组1．除了……外(还)；除了……外(都)，要不是apartfrom2．不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远offthebeatentrack3．不足为奇，毫不奇怪comeasnosurprise4．可归结为，可归纳为comedownto5．削减，缩减；减少cutbackon6．makeup组成，构成；化妆；弥补；编造7．behometo……的所在地8．avarietyof各种各样的9．bymeansof通过10．inturn依次，轮流；反过来11．有……人口haveapopulationof12．出发；使爆炸；引发setoff13．与……对比contrastwith14．强烈照射，曝晒beatdown15．陷入；困入bestuckin16．lineup使站成一队；使排列成一行17．bemadeoutof由……制成18．inthedistance在远方19．forsure确定地；无疑地20．nextto紧靠着重点句型1．介词短语放于句首的倒装句Behindthedoorlayalargedog.一只大狗躺在门后面。2．“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构Withthefinalexamapproaching，ourteacherurgedustostudyharder.随着期末考试的临近，老师督促我们更加勤奋学习。3．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语Ifoundithardtolearnmathswellwithouttheteacher’shelp.我发现没有老师的帮助学好数学很难。4．状语从句的省略Ifso，let’smakeoureffortstomakeadifferenceforourcountry. 如果这样的话，让我们努力为国家做贡献吧。5．强调句型Itwasintheeveningthatthehousewasburnedtotheground.这个房子是在晚上被夷为平地的。知识点01Apartfromitsgeographicaldiversity，Canada’smanyruralareasandurbancentersreflectthediversityofitsresidents.apartfrom除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Apartfrombeingfunandgoodexercise，swimmingisaveryusefulskill.②Apartfromsomespellingmistakes，thecompositionisfairlygood.[辨析比较]　apartfrom，besides，except，exceptforapartfrom既可以表示besides的含义，也可以表示except或exceptfor的含义besides“除了……之外还有……”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于inadditionto/aswellasexcept“除了……之外”，指从同类的人或物中排除exceptfor表示从整体情况来看，要排除其中的部分特殊情况[用besides，except或exceptfor代替下列句中的apartfrom]①WilltherebeanyoneelseweknowatthepartyapartfromWillandJanet？②Youcanhaveanyofthecakesapartfromthisone.③Theroadwasemptyapartfromafewcars.【答案】1.besides2.except3.exceptfor知识点2ThefirstEuropeansalsostartedtosettleinsomeoftheeasternprovincescenturiesago.settlevt.使定居；安排；解决vi.安家；定居；停留(1)settlein/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应settledown(使)安定；定居；平静下来settledowntosth.开始认真对待某事，专心(做)某事(2)settlementn．解决；定居点settlern．移居者；殖民者[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Havingsettledin/intoabeautifulvalley，hesettleddowntohisbotanicalresearch. ②MrandMrsBrownwouldliketoseetheirniecesettledown，getmarried，andhavekids.③Thesettlersmadegreateffortstopromote(促进；提升)theconditionofthesettlement.[单句语法填空/句型转换]①Withtheproblem(settle)，hecoveredablanketandwenttosleephappily.②HisancestorschosetosettlethevalleyaftercrossingtheBeringStraitbymeansofalandbridgefromSiberia.③Aftertestingthedistinctsamples，thescientistgotdowntohisstudyintheoffthebeatentrackvalley.→Aftertestingthedistinctsamples，thescientisthisstudyintheoffthebeatentrackvalley.【答案】1.settled2.in/into3.settleddownto知识点3Themajorethnicgroups，forexample，includetheEnglish，ScottishandFrench，whiletheminoritygroupsincluderesidentsfromSingaporeandthePacificIslands.minorityn．少数民族；少数(1)a/theminorityof少数的beinthe/aminority占少数(2)minoradj.较小的；次要的(3)majoradj.主要的v．主修majorin主修(4)majorityn．多数a/themajorityof多数的beinthemajority占多数[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Onlyaminorityoftheclasswerefortheperformancetounfoldthetragicevents.②Itcomesasnosurprisethatwomenareintheminority/majorityatthemeeting.③Mostofthetime，theminorityshouldfollowthemajoritywhenfriendsaremakingdecisions.④Hemajoredinfinanceandaftergraduationhereturnedhomeandworkedforhisfather’sbotanicalresearchcenter.[单句语法填空/完成句子]①Asisunfolded，inthenursingprofession，menarea/theminority.②Onlya(minor)ofthechildrenarefondofdoinghouseworkwhilemostofthemenjoyplayinggames.③facedwithdifficultyinthefrontierofthemajor.我们少数人在该专业尖端领域面临困难。【答案】1.in2.minority3.Theminorityofusare知识点4TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains，whicharehometohighpeaksanddeep valleyscarvedbyiceandwater.完全倒装(1)句中主句Totheeastof...实际上是一个完全倒装句，主语是thegrandRockyMountains，whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater为定语从句。(2)当表示地点的介词短语，如onahill，inthevalley，roundthecorner等位于句首，主语为名词，动词为be，come，go，lie，stand，walk等时，句子常用完全倒装，即将整个谓语部分放在主语前面。(3)当here，there，out，in，up，down，now，then置于句首，主语为名词，且谓语为be，go，come等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装。(4)作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置构成完全倒装。[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Roundthecornerofthestreetisarestaurantofferingtastycuisine.②GonearethedayswhenwehadnothingtoeatundertheleadershipoftheParty.③HereisthemoneyIpromisedyoutobuyafiddle.[单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级]①AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver(lie)Chongqing，oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.②onhowtokeepabalancebetweenapart-timejobandourstudy.这里有如何平衡兼职工作和我们的学习的三条建议。③Theyarrivedatanoldchurch.Abigcrowdofpeoplestoodinfrontoftheoldchurch.(改为含有定语从句的倒装句)→Theyarrivedatanoldchurch，.【答案】1.lies2.Herearethreesuggestions3.infrontofwhichstoodabigcrowdofpeople知识点5OnetrulyuniquescenicspotinCanadaisthemightyNiagaraFallswithwaterrushingoveritsedgeinasplendiddisplayofsightsandsounds.with＋宾语＋宾语补足语(1)withwaterrushingoveritsedge是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语，可表示原因、条件、伴随等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。(2)with复合结构如下：with＋n./pron.＋[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Withthekeyslost，hehadtowaitforhismotheroutsidethedoor.②Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle，thenewmanagerworksfarintothenighteveryday.③Withhermotherhelpingher，mynieceisgettingalongwellwithherhockeyteammates. [单句语法填空/完成句子]①Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog(follow)them.②Withmanybloomingflowers(plant)aroundthebuilding，hishouselookslikeasplendidgarden.③Withsomanythings(consider)，wehaven’tdecidedonthefinalplanyet.④Shecametoariver.她来到一条两岸长着红花绿草的小河边。【答案】1.following2.planted3.toconsider4.withgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides知识点6InthetenprovincesandthreeterritorieswhichmakeupCanada，thereisgreatdiversityingeography.makeup编造；组成；构成；弥补；化妆；和好[写出下列句子中makeup的含义]①CanIleaveearlythisafternoonandmakeupthetimetomorrow?②Theyquarrelledtheotherdaybuttheymadeupsoon.和③Idon’tliketoseewomenmakingupinpublic.④Hemadeupsomeexcuseabouthisniecebeingsick.makeupfor补偿；弥补makeupone’smind下决心bemadeupof由……组成⑤Theworkershavemadeuptheirmindsthelosttime.工人们已经下决心弥补失去的时间。⑥Ourclass，allofwhomarefriendlyandhard-working.我们班有52名学生，大家都很友好，学习用功。【答案】1.弥补2.和好3.化妆4.编造5.tomakeupfor6.ismadeupof52students知识点7Thisethnicvariety，inturn，bringsaboutculturaldiversity.inturn依次，轮流；反过来(1)inreturn作为回报inreturnfor作为对……的回报(2)byturns轮流；交替taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事It’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事。①Theoryisbasedonpracticeandservespractice.理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。②Theindigenousmangaveusfoodandclothingandaskedfornothing. 那位本地的老人给了我们食物和衣服，没有要求任何回报。③Onlyaminorityofpeopledidn’texpectanythinginreturntheirhelp.只有少数人帮助人并不期待任何回报。④Theytookturns(look)aftertheirparents.他们轮流照顾他们的父母。⑤It’smyturn(deliver)aspeechinpublic.轮到我在公众面前发表演讲了。[名师点津]　byturns是“交替；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；如果表示“按顺序”则应该用inturn。【答案】1.inturn2.inreturn3.for4.tolook5.todeliver知识点8Whilethephysicalcharacteristicsofthelandmaybeatriskfromtourism，theculturalaspectsofthedestinationarealsoputinharm’sway.atrisk有风险(1)take/runtheriskofdoingsth.冒险做某事takerisks/arisk冒险attheriskof...冒着……风险(2)riskdoingsth.冒险做某事[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Yourhealthmightbeatriskduetomuchsmoking.②Menwhohadbeenstressedtendedtotakemoreriskswhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.③Itisnotworthwhiletotake/runtheriskofoffendingyourbossjusttogetsuchasmallsumofmoney.④Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview，forhecouldn’trisklosingthegoodopportunity.[单句语法填空/句型转换]①Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftaking(risk)．②Riskinglosinghislife，theyoungmandoveintothelaketosavethedrowningchild.→losinghislife，theyoungmandoveintothelaketosavethedrowningchild.【答案】1.risks2.Attheriskof知识点9Itisimportanttotravelinanenvironmentallyfriendlymannermannern．方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌ina…manner以……的方式good/badmanners有/没有礼貌Itisbad/goodmannerstodosth.做某事没有/有礼貌。[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Hespokeinsuchamannerastohurttheirfeelings. ②It’sbadmannerstobreakinwhileothersarespeaking.别人说话时插嘴是不礼貌的。[名师点津]　manner作“方式；举止”讲时，常用单数；而作“礼貌；礼仪”讲时，常用复数。[单句语法填空/完成句子]①Hehadtokeephislargefamilythemannerhehadchosen.②Whiletravellingabroadyou’dbetter.在国外旅行时，你最好注意一下餐桌礼仪。【答案】1.in2.payattentiontotablemanners知识点10Reducingthenegativeimpact，whereverwetravel，willhelpmakeitpossibleformanyfuturegenerationstoenjoythesamesites.make＋宾语＋宾语补足语(1)句中makeitpossibleformanyfuturegenerationstoenjoythesamesites属于“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。其中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。(2)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。(3)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think，believe，find，consider，feel等。[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Ifindithardtorememberthesewordsinashorttime.②ImustmakeitclearthatI’llalwayssupportyou.③Ifeelitourdutytolookafterourparentswhentheygetold.[单句语法填空/完成句子]①You’llfindquitehelpfultodowhatyouareinterestedin.②Thisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlife(develop)．③(话题写作之传统文化)Peopleinthewest.西方国家的人们把给亲戚朋友买圣诞礼物定为一条规则。【答案】1.it2.todevelop3.makeitaruletobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirrelativesandfriends知识点11Iwasstarvingandrushedtoputasteakonthebarbecue.starvevi.饿死；挨饿；饿得要死；渴望；极需要vt.使饿死；使挨饿(1)starvetodeath饿死starvetodosth.渴望做某事starveforsth.渴望得到某物(2)starvationn．饥饿；饿死；挨饿 [佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Theygotlostinthedesertandstarvedtodeathwiththesunbeatingdown.②Thereisnodoubtthatthehomelesschildrenstarveforlove.③Sheisstarvingtoloseweightsothatshecanwearthebeautifuldressesthatsheiscrazyabout.④Itissaidthatsomeexplorerslosttheirwayinthedesertanddiedofstarvation.[单句语法填空/单句写作]①Tooursorrow，thelittlechildstarveddeathonacoldnight.②Itisreportedthatsomeanimalsdiedoutasaresultof(starve)．③Asanexchangestudent，IstarvemorechancestospreadChineseculture.④(应用文写作之语言学习)我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们能够通过一个新窗口看世界。.【答案】1.to2.starvation3.for4.IamstarvingtostudyEnglishwell，becausemasteringEnglishmeanswecanseetheworldthroughanewwindow知识点12Inthedistance，elephantswereeatinggrass，earsflappinglazilyastheymovedslowlyovertheplains.inthedistance在远处withinwalkingdistance在步行可到达的地方；几步之遥at/fromadistance从远处；隔一段距离；遥远地atadistanceof...在……远的地方keepsb.atadistance(＝keepone’sdistancefromsb.)与某人保持一段距离；对某人冷淡、疏远形象记忆[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Theboywhoisstandinginthedistancehasagiftforwriting.②Theantiquevaselooksmoreelegantfromadistance/atadistance.③Onecanseetheancientruinsthereatadistanceof20miles.④Herfatheradvisedhertokeepherdistancefromthatfellow.[单句语法填空/完成句子]①What’sthe(distant)betweenyourhouseandyourschool?②Idiscoveredthatayoungmanwasmakinghiswaytoahutfromdistance.③，theycouldseethemistycloudthatrosefromthegreatNiagaraFalls，whichisonthesouthsideofthelake. 在远处，他们可以看到位于湖南边的尼亚加拉瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。【答案】1.distance2.a3.Inthedistance知识点13YoumightevenspotapolarbearpayingavisitfromGreenland！spotvt.发现；认出n．斑点；污点；地点(1)spotsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事bespottedwith点缀着；满是……斑点(2)onthespot＝onthescene当场[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵①Someonespottedhimleavingtheduneridingacamelsoonafterwards.②Theyellowfieldswerespottedwithsplendidflowerswhichmadeupanawesomepicture.③Itwasreportedthatthemanagerinchargeoftheprojectwasarrestedonthespot/scene.据报道，掌管那项工程的经理被当场逮捕了。[写出下列句子中的含义/单句语法填空/单句写作]①Althoughsheworeapairofsunglasses，shewasspottedbythemediareporters.②Thepolicemanrantothespotimmediately.③Idon’tknowtheexactspotwhereithappened.④Theyoungman，whowastheonlymanthespot，wastoldtosetdownwhathehadseen.⑤Whileshoppinginthemall，Ihappenedtospothim(walk)withagirlshouldertoshoulder.⑥夜晚的天空繁星点点。Thenightskyisspottedwithstars.【答案】1.认出2.现场3.地点4.on5.walking6.Thenightskyisspottedwithstars知识点14Wesetoff，ourvehiclequietlyrunningoverthesandandsmallstonessetoff出发；动身；使爆炸；引起[写出下列句子中setoff的含义]①Becarefulthatyoudon’tsetthefireworksoffbymistake.②Wesetoffatdawnsothatwecouldgettothecoastbeforelunchtime.③Thatstrikesetoffaseriesofstrikesthroughoutthecountry.setup建立；创立setout出发；开始(后接不定式)setaside把……放在一边；留出；不理会setdown写下；记下setaboutdoing开始做④Themomentshearrivedhome，shesetout(clean)thehouse. 她一回到家就开始打扫房间。⑤Thechildaskedhisfatherhowheshouldsetabout(do)thework.这个孩子问爸爸他该怎样开始做这项工作。【答案】1.使爆炸2.出发3.引起4.toclean5.doing随堂练习一.单句语法填空1．Theworldwillneverstarvewantofwonders，butonlywantofwonder.2．Hespottedher(steam)downthecorridortowardshim.【答案】1.for2.steaming二.完成句子1．ShetolearnFrench.她每周留出5个小时的时间来学法语。2.，acamelwaswalkingslowlytowardtheborder.在远处，一只骆驼正在慢悠悠地走向边界线。【答案】1.setsasidefivehoursaweek2.Inthedistance三.单句语法填空1．Asisunfolded，boysareverymuchinthe(minor)atthedanceclass.2．Shefounditdifficult(settle)andcalmdowninthedeepvalley，becauseshewasconcernedaboutwhethershewouldbediscovered.3．Aparttheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.4．InthiswayIcanmakenewmovesusingmy“artificialintelligence”．5．WeChatislikeapublicnetwork，withpeople(share)informationpublicly;whatevertheysayorpublishcanbeseenbyeverybody.【答案】1.minority2.tosettle3.from4.up5.sharing四.完成句子1．Onahillinfrontofthem.在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。2．Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，and，hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到了参加晚宴的邀请，由于完成了工作，他高兴地接受了。3．Afterworkinghereandthereforseveralyears，myniecewantstoapermanentjob.到处工作了几年之后，我侄女想安下心来找份固定工作。【答案】1.stoodagreatcastle2.withhisworkfinished3.settledownto语法精讲Activity1　读文探究 阅读教材第6页的一段短文，探究并找出文中的非限制性定语从句。which1.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport，accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo，whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.2.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained，wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer，whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.3.Localfestivalsandcustoms，whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture，cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.whoseTheseindustries，inturn，givejobstothelocalpopulation，whosewelfaredependsontourism.whereMorenature-centredtouristattractions，wheremanandnatureliveinharmony，canbegreatlyimpactedorevendestroyedbythefloodoftourists.Activity2　感悟规律1．非限制性定语从句通常使用逗号与主句隔开。2．非限制性定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词不能省略。3．可以使用which代指整个主句的内容。Activity3　语法精析一、非限制性定语从句的特点1．非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。Thechildren，whowantedtohaveajourneytothevalley，weredisappointedwhenthejourneywascancelled.那些想去山谷旅行的孩子都因旅行的取消而感到失望。Thattheywillgetmarried，whichhasnotbeenannounced，hasspreadaround.他们要结婚的消息还没有被宣布，却已经被传得沸沸扬扬。2．非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分，且常译成并列的分句。We’llgraduateinJuly，whenwewillbefree.(先行词为名词)我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。Heoftencomestoschoollate，whichmakeshisteacherangry.(先行词为主句的内容)他经常上学迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词 1．关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。Hehasgoodmanners，ascouldbejudgedfromhisbehavior.他很讲礼貌，这从他的行为可以判断出来。MrKing，whoselegswerebadlyhurt，wasquicklytakentohospital.金先生迅速被送去医院了，他的腿受了重伤。2．关系副词when指代时间，在从句中充当时间状语，可与“介词＋which”互换；where指代地点，在从句中充当地点状语，也可与“介词＋which”互换。WewillputofftheoutinguntilnextSunday，when/onwhichwewon’tbesobusy.我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期天，那时我们就不会这么忙了。Yesterday，theywentouttohaveapicnicinthesuburb，where/inwhichtheyhadagoodtime.昨天，他们到郊区去野餐了，在那里他们玩得很开心。[名师点津]　(1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。(2)在非限制性定语从句中，先行词为reason时，关系词不用why引导，用forwhich代替why。Hehasbeenbusywithhisworkthewholeholiday，whichhasmadehisgirlfriendunhappy.他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的女朋友很生气。Thereason，forwhichhecouldn’treducehisconsumption，wasn’tgiven.他为何不能降低消费，他没有给出任何理由。三、as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别aswhich指代引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前，之中或之后引导从句不能置于主句之前意义正如这，那功能连接上下文，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句Asweallknow，theearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。Thesinger，aswasexpected，achievedagreatsuccess.正如所期盼的那样，这位歌手取得了巨大成功。 Catherinewillattendafriend’swedding，whichsheisbusypreparingfornow.凯瑟琳将参加一个朋友的婚礼，现在她正在为此做准备。四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整仅作补充或说明作用，若去掉从句，主句意思仍然完整结构要求紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词及关系副词关系代词或关系副词，但是关系代词that及关系副词why除外Whenyoureachedthevillage，youwouldfirstfindahousewhosewindowsweremadeofwood.当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一座有着木窗的房子。Theyenjoyedbeautifulsceneryinthemountainarea，wheretheyalsodidsomeclimbing.他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们还做了些爬山运动。[巧学助记]定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号；定前必有先行词，名代两类最适宜；定从先行很紧密，代副两词拉关系。随堂练习一.用适当的关系词完成短文Theveryfilm1.iscalledTitanicissuchabeautifulandsadlovestory2.ispopularwiththepublic,3.heroandheroineareJackandRose.Rosewasayoungbeautifulwoman,4.wenttoAmericawithhermother.Jack,5.wonashipticketbyplayingcards，wasapoorpainter.TheymetandfellinlovewitheachotheronTitanic6.theyhadahappytime.Sadly，thenicejourneywasdestroyedbyahugeiceberg，andJacklosthislifeforsavingRose(everyonewillbemovedbytheselflesswayin7.mostpeoplecan’tbehaveinreallife)．BeforeJackleftRoseforever，heencouragedRosetolivewellforhim.8.isknowntoall，loveisthestrongeststrength.Andthat’sthereason9.Rosecouldlivealoneandtellusthemovingstory.【答案】1.that2.as3.whose4.who5.who6.where7.which8.As9.why二.用适当的关系词填空1．ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday，asdomanybusinessmenliveindowntownTianjin.2．WheneverImether，wasfairlyoften，shegreetedmewithasweetsmile. 3．Mynieceisabsentagain，isexpected.4．Thefamoushockeyplayer，inhonourapartywillbeheld，istoarrivethisafternoon.5．isreportedinthenewspaper，aseriousaccidenthashappenedrecentlyinthesuburb.6．Theownerpaidtheworkerforcleaningthewholebuilding，mostofhadn’tbeencleanedforatleastonemonth.7．IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedinthevalleywiththefarmers，hasagreateffectonmylife.8．Herfatherworksinafactory，hemakescars.9．Theoldladyhastwodaughters，oneofisworkingabroad.10．Thisisoneofthereasonsyouhavetogiveitup.【答案】1.who2.as3.as4.whose5.As6.which7.when，which8.where9.whom10.why三.句型转换1．HevisitedtheGreatWallagain.Hewenttheretwoyearsago.→HevisitedtheGreatWallagain，hewenttwoyearsago.2．Hefailedintheexamination.Itmadehimabitdiscouraged.→Hefailedintheexamination，madehimabitdiscouraged.3．HemustbefromAfrica.Itcanbeseenfromhisskin.→HemustbefromAfrica，canbeseenfromhisskin.4．Hehasorganizedateamofworkers.Allofthemarehard-working.→Hehasorganizedateamofworkers，arehard-working.5．Heisamanofgreatexperience.Muchcanbelearnedfromhim.→Heisamanofgreatexperience，muchcanbelearned.【答案】1.where2.which3.which/as4.allofwhom5.fromwhom写作园地本单元的写作任务是写一篇旅游计划。旅游计划是一种常见的应用文写作。旅游可分为观光游、文化游、美食游及探险游等不同类型，因此旅游计划也要根据不同的旅游目的进行设计。常规的旅游计划需要明确以下几个方面的问题：1．Whenwillyouleave?2．Whereisyourdestination?3．Howwillyougetthere?4．Whatwillyoudothere?5．Howlongwillyoustaythere?6．Isthereaclearpurposeforthetrip?为了提升旅行计划的层级，还需注意以下几个方面的问题： 1．每段是否有明确清晰的主题；2．用一般现在时代替一般将来时；3．用更高级的形容词词汇。例如：表达“好”时，不要总用“nice”，我们还可以用“smart，clean，excellent，exciting，beautiful，wonderful，clever，famous，grand”等表达更具有指向性的词汇；4．用更高级的动词词汇。比如：我们可以用“seem，stand，lie，get，stay，remain，look，sound，become，keep，grow”等代替“be”；5．所有“专有名词”要大写；6．文章最后要有适当的总结性语言。常用表达1．placesofinterest名胜古迹2．bepreparedtodosth.准备做某事3．mean/intend/plantodosth.打算/计划做某事4．decide/bedeterminedtodosth.决定做某事5．long/hope/wish/wanttodosth.渴望/希望/想做某事6．wishsb.apleasantjourney祝某人旅途愉快7．Whenwearetiredfromwork，whynotstopandgoouttoenjoy...?当我们因工作而感到疲惫时，为什么不停下出去欣赏……？8．AsfarasI’mconcerned，thetripisverymeaningful.据我所知，该旅行十分有意义。9．Ontheonehand，wecan...Ontheotherhand，itwillhelpus...一方面，我们可以……另一方面，它会帮助我们……10．Theplacewherewe’ll...is...我们将……的地方是……假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike来信说想在暑假到中国北京旅游，请你为他做一个旅行计划，内容包括：1．时间和地点；2．活动内容。注意：1.开头和结尾已给出；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步　审题谋篇[审题]写作要求是写关于到中国北京旅游的旅行计划，写作时应注意下面几点：1．确定文体：这是一篇书信。写作时注意书信的写作特点。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。3．主体人称：由于是写关于到中国北京旅游的旅行计划，所以人称应该以第二和第三人称为主。[谋篇]本文可以分为三段来进行写作：第一段：表达意愿——很乐意提供帮助。第二段：介绍计划——包括时间，地点，活动内容等。第三段：发出邀请——总结全文。第二步　遣词造句[核心词汇]1．高兴delighted2．请求帮助askforhelp3．依我看来inmyopinion4．世界七大奇迹之一oneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld5．欣赏中国戏剧enjoyChineseopera6．理解中国文化understandChineseculture7．盼望lookforwardto[连词成句]1．我很高兴收到你的来信。I’mverydelightedtoreceiveyourletter.2．你求助关于到北京旅游的事。YouaskforhelpabouttravelingtoBeijing.3．你最好欣赏一下中国戏剧和民间音乐。You’dbetterenjoyChineseoperaandChinesefolkmusic.4．这一定会帮助你更深地理解中国文化。ItwillsurelyhelpyouunderstandChineseculturemoredeeply.第三步　句式升级1．用现在分词结构连接句1和句2I’mverydelightedtoreceiveyourletter，askingforhelpabouttravelingtoBeijing.2．用非限制性定语从句连接句3和句4You’dbetterenjoyChineseoperaandChinesefolkmusic，whichwillsurelyhelpyouunderstandChineseculturemoredeeply.第四步　组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。参考范文DearMike， I’mverydelightedtoreceiveyourletter，askingforhelpabouttravelingtoBeijing.Inmyopinion，theGreatWallisthefirstchoiceforyou，whichisoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld.IfyoucometoBeijingwithoutclimbingtheGreatWall，it’sjustlikegoingtoPariswithoutvisitingtheEiffelTower.Besidesthis，you’dbetterenjoyChineseoperaandChinesefolkmusic，whichwillsurelyhelpyouunderstandChineseculturemoredeeply.Theseactivitiestakeabouttwodays.Ifyouneedmorehelp，doletmeknow.Icanshowyouaroundotherplacesofinterest.Lookingforwardtoyourcoming!Yours，LiHua分层提分题组A基础过关练一Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Standinginthemiddleofthefield，Iwasattracted.2．Withthepicture(展开)infrontofme，Ilookeddownonthepasttimeinthevalley.3.Apartfromthefiddles，somestudents(雕)avarietyofanimalswiththeirknives.4．Inthe(最深处)oftheforest，someindigenoushuntersdiscoveredacottage.5．Wewouldliketosendyoua(样本)withreferencetothelastshipment.6．Afterawhile，themuddisappearedunderaofsnow.7．Thebehaviorofmenasindividualsisfromtheirbehaviorinagroup.8．Itisreportedthatthe(城市的)crimeisontheincreasenow.【答案】1.blooming2.unfolded3.carved4.depth5.sample6.blanket7.distinct8.urbanⅡ.单句语法填空1．Withsomuchwork(do)，Ihavenotimefortravellingtothevalley.2．You’vegottohelp.Apartanythingelseyou’remybrother.3．Everytimehehadachance，hewouldtalkaboutthegreatdifficultyhehadsettlingthenewterritory.4．The(minor)ofthepopulationinthecountrylivesincities.5．Asisknown，manypeopleliketocompareteacherscandles.6．Thescientistscan’twait(enter)thedepthofthevalleytostudythehugeglacier.【答案】1.todo2.from3.in4.minority5.to6.toenterⅢ.单句写作 1．这次会议年轻人占了多数不足为奇。(majority).2．作为回赠，国王送给他一队自己最好的士兵。(inreturn).3．他向几家报纸透漏了这个计划。(expose).4．一个孤独的男孩坐在学校门口。(完全倒装).5．有这个男孩带路，我们找到他家没有困难。(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语).【答案】1.Itcomesasnosurprisethattheyoungpeoplewereinthemajorityatthemeeting2.Inreturn，thekingsenthimatroopofhisbestsoldiers3.Heexposedtheplantoseveralnewspapers4.Atthegateoftheschoolsatalonelyboy5.Withtheboyleadingtheway，wehadnodifficulty(in)findinghishome二Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Iwasfrightenedbytheapproachofthegroupof(山羊)inthedesert.2．(对比)thetwovases，Iwantedtoknowthedifferencesbetweenthem.3．Withtheweakinthehut，theboyhidhimselfunderthebed.4．Thegoatintentlysomefoodmadeitswaytothevalley.5．Thelotwascrowdedwithavarietyofcars.6．(束)bloomingrosesweresenttothechildreninthewelfarecentre.7．Don’ttouchtheunknown(液体)onthedesk.8．Myniecedesiredto(远足)tothedistantvalleyfortheglacier.【答案】1.goats2.Contrasting3.ray4.chewing5.parking6.Bunches7.liquid8.hikeⅡ.选词填空1．Theoldmanlookedatthecamels.2．IwantedsomesausagestofillmystomachorIwouldbe.3．Thebuildingthechurchisequippedwithmuchfurniture.4．Youwillmakeitifyoupaymoreattentiontoit.5．Whenwillyoutwofortheoffthebeatentrackvalley？【答案】1.withinterest2.starvedtodeath3.nextto4.forsure5.setoffⅢ.单句写作1．直到一周后我才收到经理的回复。(强调时间状语). 2．在做实验时，他想到了一个好主意。(状语从句的省略).3．我回到车上，又拿了些物品。(possession).4．很快她就能开车了。(before).5．阳光火辣辣地照在他的背上。(beatdown).【答案】1.ItwasnotuntilaweeklaterthatIreceivedthemanager’sreply2.Whiledoingtheexperiment，hehadagoodidea3.Ireturnedtothecarandfetchedmorepossessions.4.Itwon’tbelongbeforesheisabletodrive5.Thesunbeatsdownonhisback题组B能力提升练语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇)Surroundedbyavariety1.bloomingflowers，Ifeltthissplendidterritorywasjustlikeadynamicpicture.Thewholeground2.(cover)byaflowerblanket.Apart3.theflowers，Ialsofoundsome4.(carve)cavesatthefootofthevalley.Iguessedthatourancestorshadtocarvethemtoofferthemselvessomeshelter.Making5.(I)waytothedepthofthevalley，Ialsofoundsomehuts,6.areleftbythepeoplehikinghere.Withthesun7.(beat)down，Iwaswetwithsweat.Suddenly，afoxappearedoutofthegrass.Ithrewahamtoitanditbegantochewhidingbehind8.stone.Wesmiled.Afterhalfanhour，ashopcameintomyview.Some9.(item)，suchasstatues，vaseswerebeingsold.Idecided10.(buy)someofthemassouvenirsformyfamily.【答案】1.of2.wascovered3.from4.carved5.my6.which7.beating8.a9.items10.tobuy课文语法填空Justlikea1.(bloom)flower，CanadastretchesfromtheAtlantictothePacificOceanandisoneof2.(ethnical)diversenationsintheworldwithdistinctcultures.Thereisgreat3.(diverse)ingeographyinthetenprovincesandthreeterritoriesmaking4.Canada.Atthesametime，Canada’smanyruralareasandurbancentersreflectthediversityof5.(it)residents.Thisethnicvariety，inturn，bringsaboutculturaldiversity.6.(give)theseculturaldifferences，itcomesasnosurprise7.CanadahasbeencelebratingMulticulturalismDaysince2002.Canada’sgeographicalwonders，ethnicgroupsandtheirculturesmakeitauniqueplace8.(live)andvisit.Asamatteroffact，ithasbeenconsistentlyrankedby9.UnitedNationsasoneofthebestcountriestolivein，andvisitors10.(be)alwayswelcome!【答案】1.blooming2.themostethnically3.diversity4.up5.its6.Given7.that8.tolive9.the10.are 题组C培优拔尖练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisMidwestStateisabikingparadise.Herearethebesttrails(路线)tohit.♦RootRiverTrailBestfor：ExpertsandbeginnerslookingtoexploreMinnesota’ssightseeingItisarailroadtrack-turned-bikepathlocatedalongthestate’ssouthernborderwithIowa.Itoffers42pavedmileswithbeautifullakescenery.Cyclistswillbeentertainedbythelandscape.♦GrandRoundNationalScenicBywayBestfor：PrettymuchanybodywhocanrideabikeConnectingsomeofMinneapolis’mostpopularparksandsites，thisloopspiderwebsouttoanamazing100milesofhikingandbikingtrails.HighlightsalongoneofAmerica’sbesturbantrailnetworksincludetheiconicChainofLakesstretch，whichfocusesonthebeautifulwaterfrontareas.♦Gitchi-GamiStateTrailBestfor：BeginnersandprofessionalslookingforunmatchedlakesideviewsItisaworkinprogress：Whencompleted，itwillbean88-milepavedtrailthathugsthedramaticNorthShoreofLakeSuperior，connectingTwoHarborsandpassingthroughfivestateparksalongtheway.Cyclistswillpassthroughforests，crossnumerouswaterfalls，andaccessseveralofLakeSuperior’simpressivebeaches.♦CuyunaLakesMountainBikeTrailsBestfor：Beginnermountainbikersandthrill-seekersOncehometoseveralironmines，thecentralcityofCuyunaisnowamongthestate’stopmountain-bikingdestinationsandisoneofjust15SilverRideCentersintheworld.Withmorethan30milesofmixed-difficultysingletracktrailsforbeginnersandadventurersalike，theyoffergreatlakeviews.1．WhatisspecialaboutRootRiverTrail?A．Itistheshortesttrail.B．Itwasoncearailroad.C．Itisunderconstruction.D．Itwashometoironmines.B【解析】细节理解题。根据RootRiverTrail部分中的关键句“Itisarailroadtrack-turned-bikepathlocatedalongthestate’ssouthernborderwithIowa.”可知，这是一条由铁轨组成的自行车道。由此可推断出，RootRiverTrail的特别之处在于它曾经是一条铁路。故选B项。2．Whichtrailappealstoadventurers?A．RootRiverTrail. B．CuyunaLakesMountainBikeTrails.C．Gitchi-GamiStateTrail.D．GrandRoundNationalScenicByway.B【解析】细节理解题。根据CuyunaLakesMountainBikeTrails部分中的关键句“Withmorethan30milesofmixed-difficultysingletracktrailsforbeginnersandadventurersalike，theyoffergreatlakeviews.”可知，CuyunaLakesMountainBikeTrails提供了适合初学者和冒险者的超过30英里的混合难度单轨小径。由此可以推断出，CuyunaLakesMountainBikeTrails对冒险者是很有吸引力的。故选B项。3．Whatdothetrailshaveincommon?A．Thetrailsarefarfromcities.B．Thetrailsareforprofessionals.C．Cyclistsonthetrailscanenjoylakeviews.D．Cyclistscanexperiencemixed-difficultytrails.C【解析】细节理解题。根据四条线路的介绍可知，它们的共同之处是骑行者都可以在路上欣赏到湖景。故选C项。BAcoupleofdaysagoIunexpectedlylostmyjob.Itwasn’tanythingtooimportant：IwasjustacarrierfortheScarboroughMirror，deliveringnewspaperseveryWednesdayandFriday.Butitbroughtinagoodamountofpocketmoneyforastudentlikeme.DuringthefirstweekofSeptemberIplannedtostopmyjob，asIwantedtofocusonmyacademicswithschooltostart.IfoundafamilyonmystreetwhowerewillingtotakeoverandsoItooktheirnamesandnumbersandturnedthemintomydistrictrepresentativealongwithmyresignation.Thatwaslastweek.ThisTuesdaycameandIwassupposedtogetthenewspaperstodeliveronWednesday.Theydidn’tcome.Ijustassumedthereprobablywasn’tmuchtodeliversotheywouldjustgivemeeverythingtomorrow.It’dhappenedbeforesoIwasn’ttooworried.Therewasaseedofdoubt，however，inmymind，whethermaybethehandoverofthisjobwasmisunderstood.ButIpushedthatthoughtasideandjustwentonasusual.Wednesdaymorningcameandthepapersweren’tlyingonmydrivewayasthey’dbeendoneforthepast9months.Mymomremindedmetocallmydistrictrepresentative，whotoldmetheroutehadindeedbeenturnedovertotheotherfamily.Shecouldn’thaveunderstoodmymessagewhenIsaidIwouldworkuntilSeptember.Somuchfor2moreweeksofwork!Inaway，IwasgladbecauseIdidn’thavetoworryaboutdeliveringnewspapersintheburningsun.Ontheotherhand，Iwasn’treadytogiveupmyjobsoearly，sotheunexpectedlosswasatinyblowtome.Despitethesenegativefeelings，I’mlookingforwardtothenextsummerwhenI’mgettingpromotedandmywagewillrisefromwhatIhadwiththejob，whichgavemegoodexperienceabouthardworkandchancestomeetmyneighbors. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了继续学业，打算停下送报纸的工作，结果发生了一些意料之外的事情，让作者提前停下了工作，但作者还是觉得能和社区建立更紧密的联系有很多益处。4．Whydidtheauthorplantoquitthejob?A．Hecouldbarelyputupwithitshardship.B．Hehopedtoshifthisattentiontostudies.C．Hehadearnedenoughtoaffordschooling.D．Hedesiredtoturnitovertoaneedyfamily.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“DuringthefirstweekofSeptemberIplannedtostopmyjob，asIwantedtofocusonmyacademicswithschooltostart.”可知，作者打算辞职，是因为他希望把注意力转移到学习上。故选B。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph3referto?A．Thefamilytoreplaceme.B．Messagesofmydismissal.C．Thepaperstobedelivered.D．Thedistrictrepresentatives.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“ThisTuesdaycameandIwassupposedtogetthenewspaperstodeliveronWednesday.”以及后文“didn’tcome”可知，这个星期二到了，作者本该收到星期三要送的报纸，但它们没来。结合上下文语境推知画线词指的是“要送的报纸”。故选C。6．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hegotfiredonaccountofhisownfault.B．Hedidn’thavehispotentialappreciated.C．Hedidn’tsubmithisresignationasrequired.D．HehadintendedtostopthejobinlateSeptember.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二、三、四段的内容可知，作者在九月的第一、二个星期都在工作，本打算再工作两周。由此可推知，作者本来打算在九月底停止这项工作。故选D。7．Inwhichaspectdidtheauthorbenefitfromthesummerjob?A．Learningtolivewithhispersonalimperfection.B．Establishingaclosertiewithhiscommunity.C．Facilitatinghisorganizationalskills.D．Breakingthehabitoflaziness.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Despitethesenegative...tomeetmyneighbors.”可知，作者与他的社区建立了更紧密的联系，从而从暑期打工中受益。故选B。C EngineersinupstateNewYorkhaveinventedafoldedpaperdevicethatlookslikeadecoratedartproject.Butdon’tbefooled.Thisisactuallyapaper-basedbattery.No，itdoesn’tlooklikeanyofthosemetalbatteriesrunningflashlightsorsmartphones.Inthesesystems，thebatterycanbeprintedonapage.Thebattery’spowerconsistsoflivingbacteria.Paperelectronicsaresimpletomakeandinexpensive，notesstudyleaderSeokheunChoi，anengineeratBinghamtonUniversity.Theyneednoelectricaloutlettorecharge.Theyjustneedmorebacteria，whichcanbefoundeverywhere—includingdirtywater.“Mostbatteriesusechemicalstogenerateelectricity.Substitutingbacteriacanbeanadvantage，”Choisays.“Theyarecheapandself-repairing.”Whatpaper-basedbatterieswon’tdoisgeneratemuchpower.Theydo，however，createenoughtorunsmalldevicesinfarawayordangerousplaces—suchasabattlefield.Theymightalsofinduseinmedicine.Forinstance，theymightpowertinysensors，suchasthetypesusedtomeasurebloodsugar.Thisinventionisbasedonanobservationmademorethanacenturyagothatmicrobes(微生物)produceelectricityastheydigestfood.Scientistsrefertothebio-batteriesbasedonthisprincipleasmicrobialfuelcells.Afuelcellgenerateselectricitylikearegularbattery.Butaregularbatterystopsproducingelectricitywhenitsinnerchemicalreactionsstop.Afuelcellusesfuelthatcanberefilled.Inthiscase，bacteriaserveasthefuel.Byrefillingmoremicrobes，asneeded，scientistscankeepthesefuelcellsrunning.Labtestshaveshownthatthenewbatterycanproduceacurrent.Now，Choiandhisteamarelookingforwaystoincreasethepower.They’restudyingdifferentshapesandmaterialsfortheanodeandcathode(正负极)．They’realsolookingforthebestwaystocombinebatteriesformorepower.Thebeautyofthepaperdevicesisthatyoucansimplyfoldthemtoconnectthem.Andtheysurelywillbeatrendinthenearfuture.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了纸基电池的原理，这种电池可以通过微生物进行充电，同时，该电池也可以运用在医学方面，如测试血糖等。研发团队则在寻找能使该电池储存更多电量的方法。该电池最大的优势是可以随时随地折叠起来带走。8．Whatmakesthepaper-basedbatteriesdifferentfromotherbatteries?A．Theyaremainlyusedtorunsmartphones.B．Theyusebacteriatogenerateelectricity.C．Theyareusedtodecoratesmalldevices.D．Theytakeamuchshortertimetorecharge.B【解析】细节理解题。第二段最后两句提到这种电池是不需要外接发电设备进行充电的，只需要细菌就可以充电了，这是该电池与传统电池的不同之处。故选B。9．Whatcanthepaper-basedbatteriesdo?A．Powertinydevices.B．Lowerbloodsugarlevels.C．Producemuchelectricity. D．Changechemicalsinthepaper.A【解析】细节理解题。第三段提到纸基电池不会储存很多的电量，但这些电量还是能支持一些小型设备，由此可知，A项符合题意。故选A。10．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theapplicationofthenewbattery.B．Thecharacteristicsofthepaperbatteries.C．Theintentiontoinventthedevice.D．Theworkingprincipleoftheinvention.D段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，第四段介绍了生物电池的工作原理，故D项符合文意。11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofthepaper-basedbatteries?A．Defensive.B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.D．Ambiguous.B【解析】推理判断题。最后一段倒数第二句提到“Thebeautyofthepaperdevicesisthatyoucansimplyfoldthemtoconnectthem.”作者用到beauty“优点”一词来说明该设备，说明作者对于该设备持一种积极的态度。故选B。第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ADetroitbusinessmanhascreatedtheworld’sfirstmobilebowlingalleybychangingasemi-trailer(半挂车)truckinto1.entertainmentcentreonwheels.2．(inspire)bygiantcompaniessuchasAmazon，UberandGrubhub，whichrelyheavily3.conveniencefortheirbusinesssuccess，andenjoygreat4.(popular)acrosstheworld，TerenceJacksonJr.decidedtobringbowlingtothemasses.Thebusinessmanhasbeenworkingonchanginga53-foot，semi-trailertruckintoamobilebowlingalleyforyears，butdueto5.(have)toovercomeseveralobstacles，thefacilitywasonlypublishedin2020.“Themobilebowlingalley’sdesigntookyears6.(complete)，aprocesswhichwasfartherslowedbytheunavailabilityofbuildingmaterials.However，we7.(eventual)gotitdone，”thebusinessmansaid.LuxuryStrikeBowling8.(consist)oftwobowlinglanes，ascoringsystem，temperaturecontrol，lighting，an80-inchtheatrescreenandaskylounge(休息室)．Becauseofsizelimitations，thetwolanesareshorterthanthoseoftraditionalbowlingalleys，andthebowlingballsaresmallerandslightly9.(light)thanregularones.Withrentalsstartingat$500fortwohours，thebusinessissosuccessful.Thebusinessmanisalreadyworkingonasecondmobilealley,10.hehopestomakeavailablenextyear.1.an【解析】考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处应使用不定冠词修饰，泛指“一个娱乐中心”，且entertainment的首字母发音以元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。 2.Inspired【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分及介词by可知，inspire与主语TerenceJacksonJr.之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词作状语。句子首字母需大写。故填Inspired。3.on/upon【解析】考查介词。relyon/upon为固定短语，意为“依靠，依赖”。故填on/upon。4.popularity【解析】考查名词。分析句子可知，空处应用名词popularity，作enjoy的宾语。故填popularity。5.having【解析】考查动名词。dueto(由于)中的to为介词，其后跟名词或动名词。故填having。6.tocomplete【解析】考查不定式。此处考查“主语＋take(花费)＋时间＋todo...”句型，意为“某人花费时间做某事”。故填tocomplete。7.eventually【解析】考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应使用副词，修饰整个句子。故填eventually。8.consists【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。主语LuxuryStrikeBowling是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填consists。9.lighter【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据前文smaller及后文than可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级。故填lighter。10.which【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子并根据空前的逗号可知，“hehopestomakeavailablenextyear”是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词asecondmobilealley，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，所以用which引导。故填which。