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华中师大一附中2023—2024学年度高二年级第一学期12月月考英语试卷时限：120分钟满分：150分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidthepoliceofficerstopthewoman?A.Becauseofthedrivingspeed.BBecauseofthelicenseproblem.C.Becauseofthebrokentaillight.2.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Excited.3.Whatisthewomantellingtheman?A.Shelikeshim.B.Sheforgothim.C.Sheremembershim.4.Whatwillhappeninthespeakers’company?A.Theofficebuildingwillchange.B.Manyemployeeswilllosetheirjobs.C.Allemployeeswillearnmoremoney.5.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Buyingaphone.B.Usinghisphone.C.Chargingthephone.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwaswrongwiththeman’sjobinterview?A.Hemistookthedate.B.Hedidn’thavetherightdocuments.
C.Hearrivedtoolatefortheappointment.7.Whatdoesthemanprobablythinkofthewoman?A.Sheisunfriendly.B.Sheiscareless.C.Sheishelpful.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whataretheguardsbannedfromdoingaccordingtothewoman?A.Speakingtoothers.B.Wearingstrangeuniforms.C.Takingpictureswithtourists.9.WhatisLucy’sattitudetowardstherules?A.Shequestionsthem.B.Sheunderstandsthem.C.Sheopposesthem.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whichdatedidtheboyfinishhisproject?A.OnNovember12th.B.OnNovember15th.C.OnDecember17th.11.Whichpaperwilltheboyprobablywritetonight?A.TheWarof1812.B.BrownBearPopulations.C.TheWondersofLiquids.12.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Timemanagement.B.Thechoiceofsubjects.C.Theplanofsomeprojects.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’smainissue?A.Herbagwasstolen.B.Someoneharmedher.C.Shecan’tspeakItalian.14.Wherewillthewomangonext?A.ToRome.B.ToVenice.C.ToMilan.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Checkinearlier.B.Stayclosetoherbag.C.Letsomeonewatchherpersonalbelongings.16.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Onatrain.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atapolicestation.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydidthespeakerstartplayinggolf?A.Toplaywithhisdad.B.Toplayonhisschoolteam.C.Tofollowhisdreamofbecomingaprofessional.
18.Wherewasthegolfgamefirstlyinvented?A.InEngland.B.InScotland.C.IntheUS.19.Whatisthemostimportantgolfcompetitionaccordingtothespeaker?A.TheUSOpen.B.TheBritishOpen.C.TheMaster’sTournament.20Whatdoesthespeakerplantodointhefuture?A.Openhisowngolfcourse.B.Organizegolfcampsforchildren.C.Giveprogolfersone-on-oneinstruction.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisIsHowYouWalktheWalkPeoplecallwalkingthe“perfectexercise”.Itgetsyourheartpumping,clearsyourheadandfillsyourlungswithfreshair.Notbad,butwefoundawaytomakeitevenbetter.Beforeyoutakeyournext10,000steps,addalittlestucktoyourstroll.TakeaStawerwalkingstickanywhereandIpromisethatyou’llfeellikeaconqueringhero.Itspowerswillastonishyou.What’sthesecret?OurStawerwalkingsticksareatipofthetophattoturn-of-the-centurytradition.Today,seriouscollectorsgladlypaythousandsforrareandhandcraftedsticksfromthe19thcentury.ButonlyStawerwalkingstickscandeliveramodernversionoftheseclassicsthatlooksandfeelsasgoodastheoriginalforonly$59each!Details·36incheslong.ImportedEucalyptuswood.·Solidbrasshandleswithvaryingfinishes.·Rubbertips.Supportsupto250pounds.·Allmodelsavailablein40inchesheightYoursatisfaction100%guaranteedExperiencethecomfortandeleganceofourdelicatewalkingsticksfor30days.Ifyou’renotfeelingthepower,simplysenditbackwithin30daysforarefund(退款)oftheitemprice.Stillhesitate?Corneandcheckouttherealusers’reviews!
PraiseforStawerwalkingsticks“Anexcellentwalkingstick.Solidandelegant.Perfectforanightout.Wellcrafted.”MrJacob/fromPacificGrove,CALimitedEditionOnly500eachavailableonly!Thesehandcraftedbeautiestakemonthstocraftandarerunning(notwalking)outthedoor.So,takeastepintherightdirection.Calltoday!1.WhichisunrelatedtoMrJacob’sreviewabouttheStawerwalkingstick?A.Itsfirmness.B.Itscraftsmanship.C.Itscheapness.D.Itspracticality.2.Whatareweadvisedtodobeforebuyingthestick?A.Prepareenoughmoney.B.Checkreviewsfirst.C.Applyforadiscount.D.Buyassoonaspossible.3.Wherecanwereadthetext?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Abusinessmagazine.C.Aproductsurvey.D.Aninstructionbook.BItwas1963intheTorontosuburb.Iwaseightyearsoldandhockey(冰球)-crazy.Mynext-to-zeroskillshadnotstoppedmypassionforthegame.TheplayersofthegreathockeyclubTorontoMapleLeafswereofcoursemyheroes,andtheirpostersandphotoscoveredthewallsofmyroom.Thereisalwayssomepricetopayformaintainingalove.Iraisedfundsinanold-fashionedway,sellingsomethingthepubliccouldactuallysinktheirteethinto.Ijoinedthelocalannualevent—Margaret’sDoughnuts(甜甜圈)toselldoughnuts,whichofferedchoicesofhoney-glazedorchocolate-glazed.Door-to-doorIwent,notebookinhandtorecord.Isolddozensofdozens;hardlyasoulturnedmedown.Mynotebookwasalmostfull,andmystomachwasalmostemptywhenIwentupthelasthouseonthesouthside.Irangthedoorbellandwentovermyspeechwhilestaringatthescreendoor.Suddenly,thedooropened.Myunforgettablememorywaslookingupfromalargepairoffuzzyslippers,wayup,tothefacestaringdown.Istoodtherespeechlessforwhatseemed10years,openingandclosingmymouthlikeafishoutofwater.Collectingmycalmness,butstillunabletogointodoughnut-promotingoverdrive,Itoldhimsomethingheseemedhavealreadyknownandherepliedwithanodandasmile.Ihaveanunclearmemoryofmurmuringthroughmyspeech“Please-buy-some-doughnuts”,andthenavividmemoryofhimtakingthenotebookfrommyhand.Ifollowedwithnewinformation—thatwesharedourgivenname.Withpridefromourfirst-name-basisfarewells,Iflewhomeholdingthenotebooktightlytomychest.
Thenextmorningbeforetheschoolbell,Icautiouslyshowedoffthepreciouspaper.Itissurelyminealonetoclaim:IsoldadozendoughnutstoTimHorton,oneofmymostrespectedplayerswholivedamerethreeblocksaway!4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A.Heobtainedpostersandphotosfromastarteam.B.HejoinedTorontoMapleLeafsasayoungchild.C.Hewasnotmuchofanexperiencedhockeyplayer.D.Hisloveforhockeywasinfluencedbyastarteam.5.Whydidtheauthorselldoughnuts?A.Tofollowthefashion.B.Torespondtoanevent.C.Totastemoreflavors.D.Topursuehishobby.6.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhemettheownerofthelasthouse?A.Hewassospeechlesswithastonishment.B.Hewaslookeddownuponbytheowner.C.Hewasscaredbytheowner’sappearance.D.Heforgothisspeechforsellingdoughnuts.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASuccessfulSalePromotionOfDoughnutsB.AnAmazingJourneyToFollowingMyDreamC.AGratefulDoughnutHelpingAwakenMyDreamD.AnUnexpectedMeetingWithMyFavoriteHockeyCFreshfishshouldhaveamildsmell.Strongfishysmellsarethefirstsignstogobad.Howdothefishysmellscomefrom?Itcanbeseveraldaysfromwhenthefisharecaughttowhentheyreachthesupermarket.Inthattime,bacteriathatgrownaturallyinfishstarttoconsumeasubstancecalledtrimethylamineN-oxide(TMAO)infish.ThesebacteriachangeTMAOintotrimethylamine(TMA),thesubstanceresponsibleforthefishysmells.Bacteriainfishcanalsochangelysine(赖氨酸)intocadaverine(尸胺),asubstancethat’sassociatedwithbreakingdownthefishoncetheyarecaughtandgivingofffishysmell.Chemicalreactionscanalsoleadtofishysmells.Thishappensthroughtheoxidation(氧化)offat.Fishareanimportantsourceofomega-3fattyacids.Whenthesefatsareexposedtooxygen,theyoxidizeandbreakdownintothesubstancethatyoucansmell.Toslowdownthefishysmell,whatisbeyondquestionisthatthelesstimebetweenwhenthefisharecaught
andwhentheyreachthekitchen,thebetter.Buttoday,fishareoftenflownacrosstheglobe.Tokeepsmell-producingbacteriaatbay,thefishmustbefrozenorkeptatthelowtemperaturepossibleassoonastheyarecaughtandcleaned.Controllingfatoxidationcanfunctionaswell,especiallyforfattierfishspecies.Whilefreezingslowsbacterialgrowth,itdoesnotstopfatoxidation.Thisreactionwilloccuraslongasoxygenispresent.Fattyfishareusuallynotfrozenbecause,despitethecoldtemperature,they’regoingtooxidizeprettyfastunlesstheyarestoredinalowoxygencontainer.That’swhythosespeciesareoftencanned.It’salsoimportanttorememberthatsmellisnotalwaysanindicatorofsafety,especiallyinprocessedfishproducts.“Whatyoumightconsiderthefishysmellmaybeadelicacyinanotherculture,”saidCarlA.Batt,aprofessoroffoodscienceatCornellUniversity.8.Whichofthefollowinghasthefishysmell?A.Fishfat.B.TMAO.C.Cadaverine.D.Lysine.9.Whatisthebestwaytoreducethefishysmelloffatfishspecies?A.Dryingthemintheair.B.Storingtheminclosedcontainers.C.Carefullycleaningthem.D.Exposingthemtorichoxygen.10.WhatisCarlA.Batt’sattitudetothefishysmell?A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Acceptable.D.Unclear.11.Howisthetextorganized?A.Topic—Example—Conclusion.B.Topic—Comparison—Opinion.C.Question——Cause——Solution.D.Question—Effect—Opinion.DNowadays,peopleareincreasinglyinteractingwithothersinsocialmediaenvironmentswherealgorithmscontroltheflowofsocialinformationtheysee.People’sinteractionswithonlinealgorithmsmayaffecthowtheylearnfromothers,withnegativeconsequencesincludingsocialmisperceptions,conflictandthespreadofmisinformation.Onsocialmediaplatforms,algorithmsaremainlydesignedtoamplify(放大)informationthatsustainsengagement,meaningtheykeeppeopleclickingoncontentandcomingbacktotheplatforms.Thereisevidencesuggestingthatasideeffectofthisdesignisthatalgorithmsamplifyinformationpeoplearestronglybiased(
偏向的)tolearnfrom.Wecallthisinformation“PRIME”,forprestigious,in-group,moralandemotionalinformation.Inourevolutionarypast,biasestolearnfromPRIMEinformationwereveryadvantageous:Learningfromprestigiousindividualsisefficientbecausethesepeoplearesuccessfulandtheirbehaviorcanbecopied.Payingattentiontopeoplewhoviolatemoralnormsisimportantbecausepunishingthemhelpsthecommunitymaintaincooperation.ButwhathappenswhenPRIMEinformationbecomesamplifiedbyalgorithmsandsomepeopleexploit(利用)algorithmamplificationtopromotethemselves?Prestigebecomesapoorsignalofsuccessbecausepeoplecanfakeprestigeonsocialmedia.Newsbecomefilledwithnegativeandmoralinformationsothatthereisconflictratherthancooperation.Theinteractionofhumanpsychologyandalgorithmamplificationleadstodisfunctionbecausesociallearningsupportscooperationandproblem-solving,butsocialmediaalgorithmsaredesignedtoincreaseengagement.Wecallitfunctionalmismatch.Oneofthekeyoutcomesoffunctionalmismatchisthatpeoplestarttoformincorrectperceptionsoftheirsocialworld,whichoftenoccursinthefieldofpolitics.Recentresearchsuggeststhatwhenalgorithmsselectivelyamplifymoreextremepoliticalviews,peoplebegintothinkthattheirpoliticalin-groupandout-grouparemoresharplydividedthantheyreallyare.Such“falsepolarization”mightbeanimportantsourceofgreaterpoliticalconflict.Sowhat’snext?Akeyquestioniswhatcanbedonetomakealgorithmsfacilitateaccuratehumansociallearningratherthanexploitsociallearningbiases.SomeresearchteamisworkingonnewalgorithmdesignsthatincreaseengagementwhilealsopunishingPRIMEinformation.Thismaymaintainuseractivitythatsocialmediaplatformsseek,butalsomakepeople’ssocialperceptionsmoreaccurate.12.Whataresocialmediaalgorithmstargetedat?A.Improvingsocialenvironment.B.GeneratingPRIMEinformation.C.Avoidingsideeffectsofsocialmedia.D.Raisingthemediaplatformclickrate.13.Whydoestheauthorreferto“falsepolarization”inparagraph4?A.Tomakeanassumption.B.Toillustrateaconclusion.C.Toexplainapoliticalissue.D.Topresentanextremecase.14.Accordingtotheauthor,algorithmswillbeimprovedsoasto________.A.boostengagementandregulateamplificationB.strengthensociallearninganddeletebiasesC.identifybiasesandpunishPRIMEinformationD.monitormediaplatformsandguaranteeusers’privacy15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?
A.PRIMEinformationmeetswithmisperceptionsB.AlgorithmscontroltheflowofsocialinformationC.SocialmediaalgorithmstwisthumansociallearningD.Onlinealgorithmdesignsfaceunexpectedchallenges第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TraditionalAmericansummercampsofferyoungpeopleachancetoplaymanysports.Thesecampsmaybeinthemountains.____16____Somecampsteachactivitieslikepaintingormusic.Ortheyteachcomputerprogrammingorforeignlanguages.Childrenatallkindsofcampsmeetnewfriends.Somechildrengotocampduringthedayandreturnhomeatnight.____17____Childrenstayatanovernightcampforbetweenoneandeightweeks.Parentsneedtopay.Childrenfrompoorfamiliesmightnothaveachancetoattendsummercamps.TheFreshAirFundisawell-knownorganization.____18____EachsummeritsendstenthousandpoorchildrentostaywithfamiliesinthecountryortofivecampsinNewYorkState.____19____ManyAmericanwomennowworkoutsidethehome.Workingparentsneedaplacewheretheirchildrencanbecaredforduringthesummerwhentheyarenotinschool.Youngpeoplewholiketheartscanlearnaboutpainting,music,actingorwriting.Campsthatofferprogramsinscienceandenvironmentalstudiesarepopular,too.Therearealsocampsforolderchildrenwholikewildernessadventure.____20____Or,theygorock-climbingorhorse-riding.A.Whatonaresummercamps?B.Othersstayatcampsalldayandallnight.C.Ortheymaybeinthewoodsoratalake.D.Thesecampersusuallytakelongtripsbybicycle.E.Summercampshavebecomeimportanttomillionsoffamilies.F.Peoplearoundthecountrygivemoneytosupporttheorganization.G.Theywillprobablyneverrealizethesignificanceofparticipatinginsummercamps.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HearingtheOlympicswerecomingtoVancouver,Idecidedtogoforitsvoluntarywork.I’dforgottenwhat
itwasliketoputmyselfouttheretomakefriends.IwasgladIdidn’thaveanyoneIknewwithmebecauseIwouldn’thavemetCallie____21____.Takingtheriskofsittingbyherstarteda____22____.Istillkeepintouchwithher.Asnightfellbeforetheopeningceremonies,IwasstationedoutsidetheMMC.Accentsfromallover____23____myears.Thegamesseemedto____24____thewholeworld.Suddenly,Icouldseepeoplerunningtowardtheharbour.IturnedtoCallie,“Isn’tthatthewaytothetorch(火炬)?”Welookedateachotherandstartedtorun.MyheartpoundedasIsprinted.Theairseemedtobe____25____witheveryone’sexcitement,likeakindofelectricenergypulsingthroughus.I’dneverfelta(n)____26____likeitbefore.Then,fireworks____27____intotheairaboveus.Theirbrightcolorsglitteredagainstthedarksky.Ihad____28____thelightingofthetorchmanytimesonTV,buttoactuallyseeit____29____wasamazing.Whenthelastofthefireworks____30____,therestoodtheOlympictorchunveiled(揭幕)inallits____31____withitsflameslickingatthenightsky.Evennow,Icanstillremembertheheatfromthetorch.Ihadbeenoneofthe____32____MMCstafftowalkunderneathitwhileitburned.Abeacon(灯塔)of____33____forthefuture.Istoodforamomentrightunderit,listeningtothe____34____voicesofmynewfriends,andIknewI’dmadeoneofthebest____35____ofmylife.21.A.otherwiseB.thereforeC.howeverD.instead22.A.conversationB.cooperationC.friendshipD.career23.A.struckB.filledC.blockedD.awoke24.A.dominateB.rebuildC.changeD.unite25.A.chargedB.accompaniedC.connectedD.furnished26.A.wonderB.impactC.atmosphereD.challenge27.A.floodedB.transferredC.releasedD.exploded28.A.watchedB.advocatedC.soughtD.identified29.A.inparticularB.inpersonC.aswellD.asusual30.A.dieddownB.setoffC.cameoutD.passedby31.A.powerB.reputationC.gloryD.faith32A.permanentB.professionalC.reliableD.lucky33.A.viewB.hopeC.appealD.aim34.A.excitedB.determinedC.convincingD.astonishing35.A.contributionsB.conclusionsC.decisionsD.evaluations
第Ⅱ卷第二节:(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenitcomestoaddictivefoodsandfoodswhicharemorethanworthyofbeingspreadalloversocialmedia,Chinesesugarpaintingdeservessometimeinthespotlight.Sugarpaintingis___36___conventionalChineseformoffolkart.Hotliquidsugarisused___37___(create)twodimensionalfigureslikesmallanimals.Sugarartisprettypopular___38___children,butit’sbeautifulenoughtoattractjustaboutanyone.Hotsugarispouredslowlyinathinlinefromasmallspoonontoaflatsurface(usuallymadeofmetal)andtheoutlineofthefigure___39___(draw)witharelativelythickstreamofsugar.Afterthemainoutlineisdone,thinner___40___(support)stringsofsugarareplacedtosupporttheoutlineandfillinthefigureofthebodyina___41___(combine)ofswirls,zig-zagsorotherpatterns.Thewholedesignisheldbyawoodenstick.Customers___42___(traditional)spin(旋转)anarrowonawheel,whichlandsonacertainfigure___43___(inspire)bynatureorwildlifeinformslikeadragon,fish,monkey,dog,birdorflowerbasket.ThisancientSichuanartformmightnotbeascommonasitoncewas,___44___itstillhasthepowertointeresttourists___45___comeacrosstalentedstreetartistsmakingtheseamazingcreations.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim听说外卖点餐(orderingmealsonline)在中国很流行，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括:1.你是否经常外卖点餐；2.你对外卖点餐的看法或感受。注意:1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenDr.Hendersonwasassigning(指定)projectmatesforhispsychologyclass,Isecretlyhopedhewould
pairmewithmybestfriendoratleastaclassmateIcouldhavesomefunwith.Aboveall,Ihopedhewouldn’tassignmetoworkwiththefiercelycompetitive,extremelyseriousfellowwhoalwaysworedarkclothesandapparentlyhadapersonalitytomatch.Asfate(命运)wouldhaveit,Dr.HendersonverydeliberatelymatchedeveryoneinclassandannouncedthatIwouldbeworkingwiththeonepersoninclassIwantedtoavoid.IwentuptomynewteammateandintroducedmyselfHelookedatmeasthoughIweren’tthere.IfelthetreatedmeasthoughIwouldholdhimbackandprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse.Hewasn’tmeanorrude;hejustgavemetheimpressionthathecoulddowhateverprojectwedreamedupbetterifhediditalone.Needlesstosay,Ididn’tlookforwardtoanentiretermofbeingbrushedoff,butItriedtomakethebestofitanddidn’tsayanythingforfearthatIwouldmakethingsworse.Theprojectrequiredeachteamtodevelopahypothesis(假说),setupanexperimenttotestthehypothesis,dothestatisticalanalysis(数据分析)andpresentthefindings.Whatevergradetheteamreceivedwouldbesharedbybothstudents.WhenmyteammateandImettodiscussourproject,Iwasuneasy.Herewasthischallengingstudentwhohadareputationforconcentrationandgoodgrades—theexactoppositeofme.Iwascompletelyatadisadvantage.Iactuallywantedtodroptheclassatonepoint,butstoppedshortbecauseIdidn’twanttogivehimthesatisfactionofmychickeningoutandgivinguphalfway.Idecidedtosticktoitnomatterwhat.Afterlongdiscussionswesomehowagreedtodoastudyonthementalwell-being(健康)ofteenagers.Iwasn’tsurewhatitmeantexactly,butatleastwehadatopic.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Para1：Westartedtomeetregularlytodrawupourplans.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2：OnedayIgotwordthathewasadmittedtohospitalforaseriousdisease.
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