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上海中学2022学年高一年级第一学期期末练习英语试题I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Nottoplaycomputergames.B.Finishtheschoolprojectontime.C.Remembertoturnonthecomputer.D.Waitforthewomantoarrive.2.A.Readanarticlefortheproject.B.Readallthearticlesrelated.C.Workonthescienceprojectalone.D.Focusononeparticularsciencetheory.3.A.Theweather.B.Thetiringtrip.C.Thescenery.D.Theseriouspollution.4.A.Atanairport.B.Onaplane.C.Inarestaurant.D.Atanexhibition.5.A.1:00.B.3:00.C.4:00.D.5:00.6.A.ThewomanmadeajokeofTom.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
B.Tomwaspooratmaths.C.Themancouldn’tbelievethenews.D.Tomcaughtastudentcheating.7.A.Giveupeatingsalt.B.Controlhisbloodpressure.C.Diesoonifheeatssalt.D.Saygoodbyetothewoman.8.A.Thewomanfeelssorryforbeingtoolate.B.Themanwon’tmakeittotheshowtomorrow.CThetwopeoplearegoingtotheshowtonight.D.Theshowisonstagemorethanonce.9.A.Hewantstoborrowaguidebook.B.Hewantsthewomantobuythebook.C.Hewantstofindacheaperguidebook.D.Hewantsthewomantolendhimone.10.A.Shewillbebusyintheafternoon.B.Shedoesn’tenjoyworkingwiththeman.CShewantstoworkonthereportonceagain.D.Shedoesn’tfinditnecessarytorevisethereport.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearonelongerconversationandtwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsontheconversationandeachofthepassages.Theconversationandthepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingconversation.11.A.Toomanyplanestakingoffandlandingatthesametime.B.Toomanypassengerswaitingtoboardtheaircraft.C.Toomanybagsandcasesthatneedloadingintoeachplane.D.Toomanycomplaintsaboutplaneticketsbeingoversold.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
12.A.Askformorecashtomakeupforthelosttime.B.Choosethefree-tripticketovercash.C.Consulttheirfamilybeforetheydecide.D.Guaranteetheirseatsonthenextflight.13.A.Over-booking.B.Specialfaresystems.C.Businessflight.D.Holidaydiscounts.14.A.Gotothoselessbusyairports.B.Takeenoughfoodanddrinkonboard.C.Makeclearwhyyourflightisdelayed.D.Volunteerforthenextflightforabetterseat.Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.15.A.Itisarareconditionforhumanbeings.B.Itistheresultofthebody’slackofheat.C.Itisnotafatalconditionevenifnotfoundearly.D.Itisnotobviousasthepatientshowsfewsigns.16.A.Wearingahatandascarfandapairofglovesisimportant.B.Twolayersoflightclothesarebetterthanonlayerofheavyclothing.C.It’sessentialtohavealltheclothesstayasdryaspossible.D.Sweatingafterhardworkingisdangerousinthecolderseasons.17.A.Itcanbringwarmthforjustashortperiodoftime.B.Itlowersthebody’stemperaturefasterthanexpected.C.Itmakeshumanbodylessabletoholdheat.D.Itincreasestheriskoffallingorhurtingoneself.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.18.A.Todemonstratehowmuchtheymissedtheirhomecountry.B.Toshowthattheywereproudoftheirnationalculture.C.ToindicatetheirloyaltytotheRomanCatholicreligion.D.ToprotestagainsttheirlowsocialstatusinAmerica.19.A.Festivefoodanddrink.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
B.Thewearingofthegreen.C.Irishparadesandmusic.D.Apoliticalstatement.20A.Itreflectsthegreen-coveredfieldsinIreland.B.ItwasaddedintothecolorsoftheIrishflaginthe17thcentury.C.It’stheoriginalcolorassociatedwithSt.Patrick’sDay.D.It’sreplacedbyblueincelebrationfromthe17thcentury.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA:MultiplechoicesDirections:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Self-driving is an area ________China and the rest of the world are on the same startingline.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when2.There’sbeenmuchfinger-pointinganddebateoverwho________fortheextremeweatherconditions.A.blamesB.hastoblameC.istobeblamedD.istoblame3.Ourancestorshadnoirontoolsandwheeledvehicles,yettheymanagedtomovestonesthat________morethanahundredtonstothesite.A.weighedB.wereweighedC.wereweighingD.weigh4.Theritualsofcoming-of-ageceremoniesarediverse.Butonething________allcoming-of-ageceremonieshaveincommonis________theyprepareayoungpersontotakeonresponsibilitiesasanadult.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whetherD.that;what5.HoldenCaulfieldexperiencesverylittlegrowthinthenovelTheCatcherintheRye,maintaininghisdisrespectforrules,________Ithinkiswhyyoungerreaderssostronglytaketothebook.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which6.InKorea,thethirdMondayofMayisthedaytocelebrate________turn19yearsold,knownas‘Coming-of-Age’day.A.hewhoB.whoeverC.thosewhoD.who7.Theopenuniversityaimstoprovideuniversityeducationforanyone,________hisorherbackgroundonpreviouseducationalqualifications.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
A.whatB.whetherC.whateverD.however8.________glittersisnotgold;notallthose________wanderarelost.A.What;whoB.All;thatC.What;thatD.Allthat;who9.—What’syourplanfortheholidays?—Well,whileyouareenjoyingyourselfonthebeach,I________onmycouch,watchingYoungSheldon.A.amsittingB.willbesittingC.willhavesatD.wouldsit10.________inordertositforthecollegeentranceexam?A.WhatshesuggestedhereadB.WhatdidshesuggesthereadC.DidshesuggestforhimtoreadD.Didshesuggestwhatheshouldread11.Commonsensedemands_______bothsidesoftheproblem.A.heexamineB.himtoexamineC.himexaminingD.heexamines12.Ireadaboutthetwostoriesinsomebookorother.Doesitmatter________itwas?A.whereB.whatC.howD.which13.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork________agoodimpressionisamust.A.whichB.whenC.asD.where14.Theincrediblescientificdiscoverieswhichweremadeduringthe19thand20thcenturies________theboom(激增)ofscienceinpopculture.A.madeitpossibleB.madepossibleC.madepossiblyD.madeitpossibly15.—Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what16.Thecity________high-risepublichousingtowersandreplacedthemwithgarden-styleapartments.A.toreawayB.toreapartC.toredownD.toreat17.Heisstrategicabouthis________whenhegivesspeeches,varyingthepace,softeningonoccasion,allowingsilenceforacontrast.A.transitionB.deliveryC.relevanceD.facility18.Asanadult,Wilsonreturnedtohishometo_______hisfondlyrememberedchildhood.A.reminisceaboutB.enrollinC.centeraroundD.takeon19.InasmallstudypublishedtodayinthejournalNature,aUSteamshowedthattheapproachwas________and第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
safe,butwassuccessfulonlyinahandfulofpatients.A.feasibleB.casualC.engagingD.carefree20.Hawking’sresearch,ifitisprovedbyfurtherexperiments,could________someofthebiggestmysteriesintheuniverse.A.findfaultwithB.setfootonC.makeroomforD.castlightonSectionB:GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.‘Coco’forcedPixartodivedeepintoareal-worldculture—andaddsomediversityPixarStudios,forallitsfameforcreatinghighlydetailedworlds,hasrarelyhadtoworrytoomuchaboutculturalauthenticity(文化真实性).Evenafterallitsfamousresearchformovies___21___BraveandRatatouille,thefilmmakershavebeenfreetousetheirimaginations,withoutrealfearofoffendingtoymakersandautomakers.TheBayAreastudioknew,however,thatcentering“Coco,”whichopenedWednesday,Nov.22,onMexico’sDayoftheDeadholidaywouldenteranentirelydifferentarea,___22___itwouldincludenotonlydescriptionsoftraditions,butalsoasignificantincreaseincastingdiversity.“Weknewfromtheearlystagesthatincreatingthisfilm,”co-directorAdrianMolinasaid,“accompanyingitwasthishugeresponsibilitytorepresentitfaithfully.”TheDayoftheDead___23___(celebrate)widelyinMexicoeachautumninmemoryofdepartedlovedonesandinsupportoftheirjourneyintheafterlife.“Coco”centersaroundseveralgenerationsofrelatives,bothlivinganddead,___24___havelessonstolearnandlong-buriedfamilysecretstouncover.“Somefilmmakersmightsimplygraft(加入)customsandritualsontoanexistingstory.Thatisnotatall___25___Pixarworks,”saidMolina,whoisofMexicandescent(出身).“Wedecidedprettymuchwhenthefilmwasapproved—maybeevenbefore—___26___wewantedtogettheresearchdoneearly.”MolinagrewupinCalif,seeingsomeaspectsoftheholiday,butnotothers.“Wewantedtoexperiencetheholiday:visitthepeople,visitthefamilies,askquestions,takephotos,”MolinasaidofthePixarteam’sresearchfieldtripstoMexico.“Wewantedtoreallyimmerse(沉浸在)ourselvesin___27___thecelebrationoftheDayoftheDeadwas.Thenwewouldbereadytostartdiscussingstory.”Thatanimatedstorycentersaroundaboy,Miguel,wholongstosingandplaytheguitarinpublic,despitehisgrandmother’sbanonmakingmusic.Coco,Miguel’sgreatgrandmother,isthelastlivinglinktothatlong-agomisunderstandinginvolvingherfather,___28___travelingmusician.“There’sacertainlanguagetofamily,andthere’sacertainlanguageacrossgenerations—___29___it’sa第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
literallanguage,orjusttheactsofloveanddutyandresponsibilitythatcomewithbeingafamily,”Molinasaid.“Thoseseemedliketheinterestingthingsfrommyexperiencethatcouldcompletelyapplytothiskid(Miguel)whofeelsoutofplaceinhisfamily.”MolinaalsoapplaudsPixar’screativemoveintospecificcultures.“Ifyou’renotwillingtomakeaconnectionwiththestoriesofotherpeopleandletthembetheir____30____(talented)selvesasartists,asperformers,asfilmmakers,”hesaid.“you’remissingoutonwhattheaudiencewants.”“Everyonewantstoholdthememoriesoftheonesthathavepassedonwithjoy,”Molinasaidof“Coco,”“andsharethosememories,andkeepthemalive.”SectionC:VocabularyDirection:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.maintainingB.effectivelyC.developedD.wondersE.positionedF.overcomeG.flexibilityH.establishedI.exploringJ.remotelyK.respectivelyWorkcations:Thetraveltrendmixingworkandplay“Afterworkingfromhomeforoverayear,Ineededachangeinatmosphere,”saysVedikaBhaia,aKolkata-basedmarketingentrepreneurandcontentcreator.Lastsummer,sheandafriendwentona15-daytripthroughIndia’sParvatiValley,____31____thenaturalenvironmentwhilebalancingafullworkloadonalaptop.Thoughshewasusedtoworking____32____,Bhaiasaysthe‘work-from-anywhere’mentality(思维模式)createdbythepandemicpushedhertotakeatripthatcombinedworkandleisure.“Iknewtravellingwoulddo____33____formymentalhealth.Itwouldhelpme____34____thecreativeblockIwashavingaswell,”shesays.Thepopularityofworkcationsmayseemtoconflictwiththefirmly____35____ideathatweshouldkeepworkandplayapart–afterall,betterawarenessofwork-relatedmentalhealthstressorshasleftusmoreconsciousthaneveroftheimportanceof____36____boundariesbetweenourprofessionalandpersonallives.Yetexpertsarguethattheadaptabilitywe’vedevelopedduringthepandemichas____37____uswelltoenjoyabreakthatcombinesworkandplay.Andgiventhebenefitsworkersseeinthem–likemorechancestoexplorenewplaceswhilefulfillingourday-to-dayresponsibilities–workcationsarelikelytobecomeapracticelastingwellbeyondthepandemic.Ofcourse,theremaywellbesomepeoplewhoprefertocommitfullytoeitherworkorplay,ratherthancombinethetwoactivities.RachelFu,professoroftourism,saysthatwhetherpeopleenjoytheworkcationexperiencewilldependon“avarietyofindividualpersonalitiesandbehaviouralchoices”;somemayfeeltheyareonlyonholidayiftheyaretotallyfreefromwork,forexample.ButFususpectsthatmanywhite-collarworkershave____38____the第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
skillsneededtopulloffworkcationsduringthepandemic.“Ourbehaviourshavebeenforcedtochange,”shesays.“Homeisschool,homeiswherewework.Wehaveallbeentrainedtoswitch:‘OK,nowwehaveaZoommeeting’.Ithinkafterthepasttwoyears,wecanswitchfromonethingtothenextvery____39____.”Giventhelevelofinterestfromworkersnowaccustomedtostayingproductiveinmultipleenvironments,workcationslooklikeapracticethat’sheretostay.“Aslongasyoudeliver,manycompaniesdon’tcarewhereyou’reworkingfrom,”saysFu.Accommodatingworkerswillbeincompanies’interests;it’salreadyclearthat____40____willbekeytokeepingworkers,especiallyasthenewgenerationofworkers,inparticular,valuetheabilitytoworkfromanywhere.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA:ClozeDirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Youmayalreadybefamiliarwithrecentfindingsthatsuggestchildrenasyoungassixmonthswhoreadbookswiththeirparentsseveraltimesaweekshowstrongerliteracyskillsfouryearslater,scorehigheronintelligencetests,andlandbetterjobsthannonreaders.Butrecentresearcharguesthatreadingmaybejustasimportantin____41____.Whenpracticedoveralifetime,readingandlanguageacquisition(习得)skillscansupporthealthybrainfunctioninginbigways.Simplyput:____42____powerincreasesbrainpower.To____43____whyandwhateachofuscandotogetthemostoutofourwords,startbyaskingthesamequestiontheYaleteamdid:Whatisitaboutreadingbooksinparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesdoesn’t?Forone,theresearchersassume,chapterbooksencourage“deepreading.”Unlikeskimmingapageofheadlines,readingabookforcesyourbraintothinkcriticallyandmake____44____fromonechaptertoanother,andtotheoutsideworld.Whenyoumakeassociations,sodoesyourbrain,literallybuildingnewpathwaysbetweenregionsinallfourlobes(脑叶)andbothhemispheres.Overtime,theseneuralnetworkscanpromotequickerthinkingandmayprovideagreater____45____againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay(认知衰退).____46____,readingbooks,especiallyfiction,hasbeenshowntoincreaseempathy(共鸣)andemotionalintelligence.One2013studyfoundthatparticipantswhoreadjustthefirstpartorchapterofastoryshowedanoticeableincreaseinempathyoneweeklater,while____47____readersshowedadecrease.Thesefindingsmaysound____48____,butthey’renot;developingsocialtoolssuchasempathyandemotionalintelligencecanleadtomore(andmorepositive)humaninteraction,which____49____canlowerstresslevels—bothofwhichareprovedtohelpyoulivelongerandhealthier.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
That’snottosaythatmagazines,newspapers,andWebarticlesarewithout_____50_____.Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry_____51_____benefits.Newresearchindicatesthatalarge_____52_____mayleadtoamoreflexiblemindbyfuelingwhatscientistscallcognitivereserve(认知储备).Onewaytothinkaboutthisreserveisasyourbrain’sabilitytoadaptto_____53_____.Justasyourbloodcellswillhelptocoveracutonyourknee,cognitivereservehelpsyourbraincellsfindnewmentalpathwaysaroundareasdamagedbystroke,dementia,andotherformsofdecay.Thiscouldexplainwhy,afterdeath,manyseeminglyhealthyeldersturnouttoharboradvancedsignsofAlzheimer’sdiseaseintheirbrainsdespiteshowingfewsigns_____54_____.It’stheircognitivereserve,researcherssuspect,thatmayallowsomeseniorsto_____55_____hiddenbraindamage.41.A.childhoodB.adulthoodC.educationD.occupation42.A.MemoryB.FluencyC.LiteratureD.Word43.A.understandB.believeC.questionD.confess44.A.explorationsB.connectionsC.equivalentsD.judgments45.A.appealB.struggleC.defenseD.warning46.A.ConsequentlyB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Instead47.A.newsB.regularC.mindD.occasional48.A.inevitableB.unofficialC.undeniableD.insignificant49.A.inthemeantimeB.todateC.inturnD.tothefull50.A.advantagesB.weaknessesC.threatsD.opportunities51.A.physicalB.mentalC.economicD.social52.A.proportionB.brainC.vocabularyD.range53.A.decreaseB.changeC.increaseD.damage54.A.asbeforeB.intotalC.asusualD.inlife55.A.lookdownonB.makeupforC.getusedtoD.takeoutofSectionB:ReadingcomprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)“WehaveDante,ShakespeareandDuFu(712—770).Thesepoetscreatetheveryvaluesbywhichpoetryisjudged,”saidHarvardprofessorStephenOweninDuFu,China’sGreatestPoet,aBBCdocumentary.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
DespitethefactthatDuFuisusuallymentionedinthesamebreathasDanteandShakespeare,hehasremainedlargelyunknownintheWesternworldforlong.However,withthescreeningofthefirstEnglish-languagedocumentaryfeatureaboutthepoet,thedaysofDuFuasChina’sbest-keptliterarysecretseemtobejustnumbered.ItiswrittenandpresentedbyMichaelWood,askilledtelevisionhistorianwhoalsodirectedotherChina-relateddocumentariessuchasTheStoryofChina(2016)andTheStoryofChina’sReformandOpeningUp(2018).FromtheYellowRivertotheYangtzeGorges,anddowntotheforestedhillsofHunanprovince,Woodvisitedanumberofplacessuchasthepoet’sbirthplaceGongyiinHenanprovinceandTangDynastycapitalChang’an,today’sXi’an.Alongtheway,hemetandtalkedtoordinarypeople,dancersandmusicians,whohelpedtotellthefantasticstoryofthepoet.InterviewswithfamousscholarsspecializinginChineseliteraturealsohelpedpresentaclearerpictureofthepoet’slifeexperiences,literarysignificanceandhisfriendshipwithLiBai,anothergreatChinesepoet.Bornin712,DuFulivedintheTangDynasty,atimemarkedbyextraordinaryculturalachievements.However,afteracivilunrest,DuFu,theformercivilservantattheTangcourt,wasforcedtobecomeaporter,andsufferedfromstarvation.Throughupsanddowns,thepoetneverstoppedwriting,pouringouthisconcernforhis-countryandpeopleaswellascelebratingthesimplejoysoflife.Du’spoetryreflectsthecountry’shistoricaleventsmirroredinhisownspiritualjourney,sohebecomesapartoftheemotionalvocabularyofChineseculture,saidStephenOwen,whoin2016completedtheeight-year-longprojecttotranslateDuFu’s1,400poemsintoEnglish.56.Theunderlinedpartinparagraph2impliesthatthedocumentarywillhelp________.A.createthevaluesofpoetryB.theWestknowmoreaboutDuFuC.keepthesecretsinDuFu’spoemsD.DuFubecomeoneofthetop3poets57.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?ADuFu’scolorfullifeexperiences.B.Localpeople’sadmirationforDuFu.C.Famousscholars’researchfindingsonDuFu.D.MichaelWood’seffortinmakingthedocumentary.58.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDuFu?第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
A.Inspiringandhelpful.B.Toughandresponsible.CEasy-goingandcareful.D.Generousandhardworking.59.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.DuFu’spoetrywinsworld’srecognitionB.DuFu’spoemsaretranslatedintoEnglishC.BBCdocumentaryreflectsChinesecultureD.BBCdocumentarypresentsChina’sShakespeare(B)MarcoPoloTimeline(1254—1324)1254OnSeptember15,MarcoPolowasborninVenice.1260Hiswealthyfatheranduncle,NicoloandMaffeoPolo,setsailfromConstantinopletotheCrimeaonatradingjourney.1262NicoloandMaffeoPoloreceivedaninvitationtoChinatomeettheKublaiKhan(忽必烈).1269NicoloandMaffeoPoloreturnedtoVenice.1271MarcoPoloaccompaniedhisfatheranduncleonajourneythroughtheHolyLand,PersiaandTartaryandtotheEmpireofChina.1274ThetravellersreachedChinaafterathree-yearjourney.MarcoPolo’sfatherandunclerenewedtheirfriendlyacquaintancewiththeKublaiKhanandpresentedhimwithpapal(教皇的)letters.Theyweregivenimportantpositionsathiscourtinreturn.MarcoPololearnedtospeaktheChineselanguage.1275MarcoPolowasappointedasanenvoy(使节)fortheKublaiKhanandtraveledthroughChinaonhismissions.1280’sMarcoPolotraveledthroughAsiaworkingfortheKublaiKhanandwaseventuallyappointedasagovernorofoneofhiscities.1292AmarriagewasarrangedforthedaughterofKublaiKhan,thePrincessCocachin,andthePolosaccompaniedtheweddingparty,consistingofafleetoffourteenships,toPersia.1293ThePolosstayedinPersiatocelebratetheweddingandthenheadedtowardstheBlackSeatomaketheirwaybacktoVenice.1295MarcoPoloarrivedinVenicewiththefinestcollectionofjewelseverseen.VenicewasatwarwithGenoa.1298MarcoPolowasmadea“gentlemancommander”ofaVenetiangalley.Hisshipjoinedinthebattleof第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
KurzolaandhewastakenasaprisonerofwarbytheGenoese.WhenhewasinprisonhemetawritercalledRustichellodaPisaanddictated(口述)tohimanaccountofhistravelsandexperiencesinChina,Japan,andotherEasterncountries.1299MarcoPolowasreleasedasaprisonerofwarinGenoa.60.WhendidthePolosstarttheirjourneytowardstheEmpireofChina?A.1262.B.1269.C.1271.D.1274.61.MarcoPolo’sfatheranduncleweregivenimportantpositionsinthecourtoftheKublaiKhan.Itwasprobablybecause________.A.theywereverywealthytradersB.theyweresuccessfuladventurersC.theybroughttoChinapapallettersD.theylearnttospeaktheChineselanguage62.Accordingtothetimeline,whatwasthelastthingthatMarcoPolodidbeforereturningtoVenice?A.HemarriedthedaughteroftheKublaiKhan.B.HeaccompaniedPrincessCocachintoPersia.C.Hewasmadethecommanderofafleet.D.HedictatedanaccountofhistravelstotheEast.(C)Youcantellalotaboutpeople’sgeneralstateofmindbasedontheirsocialmediafeeds.Aretheyalwaystweetingabouttheirbiggestannoyancesorpostingpicturesofparticularlycutekitties?Inasimilarfashion,researchersareturningtoTwitterforcluesabouttheoverallhappinessofentiregeographiccommunities.Whatthey’refindingisthatregionalvariationintheuseofcommonphrasesproducespredictionsthatdon’talwaysreflectthelocalstateofwell-being.Butremovingfromtheiranalysesjustthreespecificterms—good,loveandLOL—greatlyimprovestheaccuracyofthemethods.We’relivinginacrazyCOVID-19era.Andnowmorethanever,we’reusingsocialmediatoadapttoanewnormalandreachouttothefriendsandfamilythatwecan’tmeetface-to-face.KokilJaidkastudiescomputationallinguisticsattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.“Butourwordsaren’tusefuljusttounderstandwhatwe,asindividuals,thinkandfeel.They’realsousefulcluesaboutthecommunitywelivein.”Oneofthesimplermethodsthatmanyscientistsusetoanalyzethedatainvolvescorrelatingwordswithpositiveornegativeemotions.Butwhenthoserecordsarecomparedwithphonesurveysthatassessregionalwell-being,Jaidkasays,theydon’tpaintanaccuratepictureofthelocalZeitgeist(时代精神).Beingabletogetanaccuratereadonthemoodofthepopulationisnolaughingmatter.“That’sparticularlyimportantnow,inthetimeofCOVID,wherewe’reexpectingamentalhealthcrisisandwe’realreadyseeingin第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
surveydatathelargestdecreaseinsubjectivewell-beingin10yearsatleast,ifnotever.”Tofindoutwhy,JaidkaandherteamanalyzedbillionsoftweetsfromaroundtheUnitedStates.AndtheyfoundthatamongthemostfrequentlyusedtermsonTwitterareLOL,loveandgood.Andtheyactuallythrowtheanalysisoff.Whythedisconnect?“Internetlanguageisreallyadifferentbeastthanregularspokenlanguage.We’veadaptedwordsfromtheEnglishvocabularytomeandifferentthingsindifferentsituations.”saysJaidka.“Take,forexample,LOL.I’vetweetedthewordLOLtoexpressirony,annoyanceandsometimesjustpuresurprise.WhenthemethodsformeasuringLOLasamarkerofhappinesswerecreatedinthe1990s,itstillmeantlaughingoutloud.”“Thereareplentyoftermsthatarelessmisleading,”saysJaidka.“Ourmodelstellusthatwordslikeexcited,fun,great,opportunity,interesting,fantasticandthosearebetterwordsformeasuringsubjectivewell-being.”63.Theresearchersturntosocialmediafeedsto_______.A.helpwiththeanalysisofpeople’ssubjectivewell-beingB.locatethemostfrequentlyusedwordsC.provethedisconnectbetweenlanguageandemotionsD.makethepredictionmethodmoreeffective64.Inregularspokenlanguage,whichofthefollowingismostlikelytofillintheblank“Fantastic!_______”A.Howcomehecanaffordsuchaluxurycar?B.I’veleftthebookonthebusagain.C.Agoodmovie,definitelyworthseeing!D.WhydoIhavetodothechoresagain?65.HowdidJaidkaknowtheanalysiswasn’taccurate?A.Itdidn’treflectthemoodoftheentiregeographiccommunity.B.Itdidn’tmatchtheassessmentresultofthephonesurveys.C.Itdidn’tconsiderthefeaturesofInternetlanguage.D.Itdidn’ttaketheregionalvariationsintoaccount.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillJaidkamostprobablyagreewith?A.Face-to-facecommunicationisneededtoensurehappiness.B.Internetuseistoblameforthedecreaseinsubjectivewell-being.C.Internetlanguageshouldbeabandonedasasourceofscientificanalysis.D.Lessmisleadingwordsshouldbeusedinassessingsubjectivewell-being.(D)第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
Areyouadifferentpersonwhenyouspeakaforeignlanguage?That’sjustoneofthequestionsTheNewYorker’swriterandnativeNorthCarolinianLaurenCollinsexploresinherengagingautobiography,abouthertougheffortstomasterFrenchaftermarryingaFrenchmanwhosename—Olivier—shecouldn’tevenpronounceproperly.WheninFrenchrangesfromthehumorouslypersonaltoadeeperlookatvarioustheoriesoflanguageacquisitionandlinguistics.ThecouplemetinLondon“onmoreorlessneutralground:hiscontinent,mylanguage.”ButthebalanceshiftedwhentheymovedtoGenevaforOlivier’swork.ThenormallyvolubleCollinsfoundherselfataloss—“nearlyspeechless.”Thelanguagebarrier,andherdependenceonherhusbandforsimplethingslikebuyingtherightcutofmeatworsenedhermixedfeelingsabout“unlovely,butnotridiculous”Geneva.Shecomments,“Language,asmuchasland,isaplace.Tobecutofffromitistobe,inasense,homeless.”Hersenseofalienation(疏离感)leadstoanexaminationofAmerica’smiserablerecordwhenitcomestoforeignlanguages:“LinguistscallAmerica‘thegraveyardoflanguages’becauseofitssingularabilitytotakeinmillionsofimmigrantsandmaketheirnativelanguagesdieoutinafewgenerations,”Collinswrites.EducatedinWilmington,N.C.,andatPrinceton,shecould—likethevastmajorityofAmericans—onlyspeaktheirmothertongue.EightmonthsaftershemovedtoSwitzerland,CollinsgaveuponthenaturalacquisitionoflanguageandfinallyenrollsinaFrenchcourse.Asshestruggleswithgrammarandvocabulary,Collinsnotessmartlythatvert(green),verre(glass),ver(worm),vers(toward),andvair(squirrel)composeaquintuplehomonym(同形异义).“Althoughit’sdifficult,Frenchcanbetried,”shesays.YetFrenchisactuallyconsideredamongtheeasiestlanguagesforanEnglishspeakertolearn,especiallycomparedtoArabicorMandarinChinese.Collins,whosenotablyrichEnglishvocabularyincludesglossolalia(nonsensespeech)andshibboleth(catchwordorslogan),findsplentyofterrificFrenchwordstolove.Shewrites,“Englishisatrustfund,anunearnedinheritance,butI’veworkedforeverybitofFrenchI’vebanked.”UnlikeJhumpaLahiri,whobecamesohookedonItalianandusedittowriteInOtherWords,Collins’goalsforlearningFrenchweremoremodest:“IwantedtospeakFrenchandtosoundlikeNorthCarolina.”Shealsowantedtobeabletodealwithchimneysweepsandbutchers,communicatewithherin-laws,and“totouchOlivierinhisownlanguage.”SheadmitsthatshefeelsdifferentspeakingFrench:“Itsausterity(朴素)mademefeelmoreconfused.”67.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“voluble”inParagraph2?A.Graceful.B.Dependent.C.Talkative.D.Energetic.68.WhydolinguistscallAmerica“thegraveyardoflanguages”?第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
A.BecauseotherlanguagesareprohibitedinAmerica.B.BecauseonlyEnglish-speakingpeoplecanimmigrateintoAmerica.C.Becauseimmigrants’nativelanguagescontradictEnglishinAmerica.D.BecauseAmericancultureswallowsupimmigrants’nativelanguagesgradually.69.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4andParagraph5?A.Collins’EnglishvocabularyknowledgecontributeslittletoherFrenchlearning.B.CollinshasfoundoutsomeeffectivewaysofmasteringFrenchwords.C.ArabicorMandarinChineseiseasiertolearnthanFrenchforEnglishspeakers.D.It’sterrifyingforCollinstohaveFrenchwordsinstoreforpracticaluse.70.TheexampleofJhumpaLahiriinthepassageisgiventoshowthat________.A.CollinsaimsatusingFrenchforherdailylife.B.CollinswantstoapplyFrenchtoserveherwriting.C.it’sinappropriateforJhumpaLahiritowriteinanotherlanguage.D.foreignlanguagealwaysmakeslearnersfeelcomplicatedaboutlife.Translation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.71.我们不应对Tom期待过高，因为他的表现远不尽如人意。(expect)(汉译英)72.这位旅行者有着坚定的决心，难怪能克服重重阻碍。(wonder)(汉译英)73.罗马文明源远流长，杰作比比皆是，这对后世影响深远。(which)(汉译英)第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司
