浙江省A9协作体2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题 Word版含解析 .docx

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浙江省A9协作体2023学年高二第一学期期中联考英语试题考生须知：1．本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)，本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟;2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字;3．所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效;4．考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。第Ⅰ卷选择题部分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidtheboydolastnight?A.Hecompetedinamatch.B.HewenttothestadiumwithLucy.C.Hemethisfavoriteathlete.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Lucy.Isawyouatthestadiumlastnight.W:Youweretheretoo?M:Yes,myparentstookmetheretowatchthegame.Youknowwhat?MyfavoriteathletesignedmyT-shirt!W:Wow,you’resolucky!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanspeakhighlyoftheboy?A.Heisamodeststudent.B.HetriestoprotecttheEarth.C.Hehasdonewellinapresentation.【答案】C 【解析】【原文】M:Thisisamodelofavolcano.Inarealvolcano,pressurebuildsupbelowthesurfaceoftheEarthandforcesthemoltenrocktoerupt.Moltenrockandashcanbeshoteventhousandsoffeetintotheair.W:You’vedonewell,Bill.Gobacktoyourseatplease.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemancomplainabout?A.Hereceivedmanymessages.B.Hecouldn’tcontactMona.C.Helosthiscomputer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,it’sRyan.Whatareyoudoing,Mona?I’vesentyouabouttwentymessages,butyoudidn’treply.W:Oh,sorry.Ipostedamessagetogivemyoldcomputerawayyesterday.I’vebeenfloodedwithmessagessincethen,soIhaven’thadtimetoreadthemall.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,howmucharethesechocolates?W:They’re$10perbox.Butifyoubuytwo,youcangetthethirdoneforfree.M:Great.I’dliketotakethreeboxesthen.Mysisterlovesthem.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Bossandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hurryupwithyouroatmeal,Zack.I’mgoingtobelateforwork.Idon’twanttobeblamedbyMr.Green.M:Justaminute.Don’tworry.Youstillhavetwentyminutes.W:I’lltakeyourschoolbagandwaitforyouatthegarage.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdoesthemanplantodoonSunday?A.Buyhouseholdappliances.B.Movehouse.C.Washclothes.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofbuyinganewrefrigerator?A.It’sapureluxury.B.It’sarealbargain.C.It’sabasicnecessity.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtomoveintoanewapartmentthisSaturday.AndIdecidedtogetsomenewhouseholdappliancesonSunday.Doyouhaveanyrecommendations?W:Iwenttoanapplianceretailerwithmymomlastweek,whichisnottoofarfrommyhouse.Ithasawiderangeofbrands.M:Whatdidyoubuythen?W:Weboughtarefrigerator.Itwasabitexpensive.Theoldonewasoutoforder.Youknow,Ireallycan’tlivewithoutonebecauseIhavetokeepthefoodcoldorfrozen.Wealsoboughtawasher-dryertocleananddryourclothes.M:Iusuallywashmyclothesbyhand,buthavingawashingmachinecanmakelifeeasier.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inthestreet.C.Inthepostoffice.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Takemoneyout.B.Gethisaccounts.C.Postaletter.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello.I’dliketoopenanaccount.W:Hello,sir.Whatkindofaccountwouldyouliketoopen?Wehavetwomaintypesofbankaccounts:checkingaccountsandsavingsaccounts.M:Well,I’dlikethefirstone. W:Andwouldyoualsoliketoopenasavingsaccount?Ithinkitcanprovideyouwithconvenienceifyouhaveone.M:Whynot?W:Okay.YourIDcard,please.M:Oh,Iforgottotakeitwithme,butIhavemydriver’slicense.W:Wealsoneedsomethingwithyourhomeaddresson.M:Ihaveagasbillwithmyhomeaddressandmynameonit.W:Okay.Youneedtodepositaminimumof$50eachinordertoopentheseaccounts.M:Noproblem.That’sfine.W:I’llopentheaccountsforyourightnow.Theaccountdetailswillbesenttoyoubyposteachmonth.M:Thanksabunch.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whichcityisthewoman’sdestination?A.Detroit.B.Toronto.C.Shanghai.11.WhatwillthewomandoonTuesday?A.Fetchherluggage.B.Attendameeting.C.Catchaflight.12.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Grateful.B.Worried.C.Encouraged.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi.I’mavisitorfromDetroit,andI’mleavingtoday.ButIwasdelayedbytrafficonsuchasnowyday.I’mlookingformyflight.Here’smyticket.M:Yourflighthasleftat8:00p.m.W:Ohno,I’msupposedtobeonthatflight.M:Don’tworry.ThereareotherflightsthatcantakeyoutoShanghai.W:DoIhavetobuyanotherticket?M:No,I’llhelpyourescheduleyourflight.Hmm…Itmeansacoupleoftransfers.Wouldyoulikeawindowseatoranaisleseat?W:Windowseatplease.Howlongdoesthejourneytake?M:Thewholetriptakesabout25.5hourswithstopsinTorontoandTaipei.Youaregoingtotouchdownin Shanghaiat12:05p.m.onMonday.W:Good.Inthatcase,Iwon’tmisstheconferenceonTuesdaymorning.DoIhavetohavemyluggagecheckedattheothertwoairports?M:No,youneedn’t.YoucanwaitforyourluggageinShanghai.W:Thankyou.Youreallysavedmylife.M:It’smypleasure.Hereisyourticket.Enjoyyourtrip.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toapplyforajob.B.Todiscusshisschedule.C.Tomakeanappointment.14.Whoistheman?A.Aprofessor.B.Adoctor.C.Aclinicclerk.15.WhatdoweknowaboutMrs.Anderson?A.Sheisoffduty.B.Sheisoccupiednow.C.Shehascancelledthebooking.16WhenwillthewomanseeMrs.Anderson?A.OnAugust20th.B.OnAugust30th.C.OnSeptember20th.【答案】13.C14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Hithere.I’mcallingtoaskifthereareanydoctorswhoareseeingnewpatientsnow.M:Yeah,wehaveMrs.Anderson,theonlydoctoravailableduringthisperiod.Itwilltakeyouabitlongtowaitforher.WeacceptbookingsforlateAugustandearlySeptember,ifthat’sokaywithyou.W:Yes.M:Justgivemeonemoment.Doyouprefermorningorafternoon?W:Afternoonplease.M:Okay,soAugust30thsoundsokay.Wouldyouliketocomeoverat3:00,4:20or5:40?W:Letmehaveacheckonmyschedule.SoyousaidAugust20th,oh,30th.Sorry.Ithink5:40wouldworkthebestforme.M:What’syournameplease? W:MichelleWright.M:Perfect.It’sdone.Ifthereareanycancellations,pleaseletusknowinadvance.W:Thankyouverymuch.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A.HemovedtoPoland.B.Heisanexpertinmath.C.HemajoredinEnglish.18.WhatdidthespeakerdotolearnEnglishatfirst?A.Hestudiedinthelibrary.B.Helearnedfromhisfather.C.HelistenedtoEnglishsongs.19.AtwhatagedidthespeakerstarttoreadbooksinEnglish?A.6.B.13.C.15.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofreadingmathmaterialsinEnglishnow?A.Easy.B.Challenging.C.Boring.【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Goodafternoon!MynameisMichalWójcik.IliveinPolandandPolishismynativelanguage.IamamathematicianandanenthusiastofEnglish.NowIwanttosharemyexperience.IhadmyfirstcontactwithEnglishwhenIwassix.MydadinspiredmetolistentoTheBeatles.Ilistenedtothemeverydayforthenextsevenyears.Inthebeginning,Icouldunderstandnothingofwhattheyweresinging.ButsoonIstartedtounderstandindividualwords.WhenIwas13yearsold,Istartedreadingsciencefictionbooks.AllofthemwereAmericanbooks.ButIreadinPolish,becauseIdidnotknowEnglishsowell.Twoyearslater,somehowIfeltthatthebooksinEnglishwouldbeevenmoreinteresting.SoIdecidedtoreadbooksinEnglish.SoonIfinishedreadingmyfirstbookinEnglish.Currently,Istudymathematics.MostofthebooksIuseinmymathinstitute’slibraryareinEnglish.WithoutEnglish,IwouldbelimitedtothefewbookswhichareinPolish,andtherearereallyfewofthem.MyknowledgeofEnglishisveryimportantformylearningmathematics.OverayearagoIstartedtouseonlyEnglishinmathematicalnotes.Likemostprofessionalmathematicians,Icanreadmathmaterialsandpublishmyownmaterialsnow,withnolanguagebarriers.Ifeelfree!第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A HongKongisthe gastronomicalcapitaloftheAsianmainland withabout69 Michelinstarredrestaurantsin2023.Herearesomerecommendedfortravelers.SuperLuxuriousLungKingHeenRestaurantIfyoucanaffordthebestCantonesecuisineandservice,thenthisoneintheFourSeasonsHotelmightbethebestintheworldandhasexcellentscenerytoo.Priceperperson: 1,200to2,000HKDTel: 31968888MingCourtRestaurantItwasselectedasaMichelin2-starrestaurantfor2010,andretainedtheratingin2016.ItisaluxuryChineserestaurantfeaturingCantonesecuisineinthe5-starCordisHotel.Priceperperson: HKD700Tel: 35523028TimHoWanItisinternationallydistinguishedasoneofthe cheapest1-Michelinstarrestaurants intheworld.ItisidealformosttouristsandbackpackerswhowanttotasteexcellentCantonesefood,butpayless.Priceperperson: HKD75Tel: 23323078BoInnovationBoInnovationissurprising becausethefoodisn’ttraditionalChinese,butitis rated3-Michelinstars.Somedinersgivelowmarksperhapsbecausetheirmealdidn’tfittheirexpectationsaboutwhatCantoneseChinesefoodshouldbelike.Butexpertsratethe“extremecuisine”highlyforthecreativity,surprises,andfunaswellasforthedelicious,sometimesnovel,flavors.Priceperperson: above800HKDTel: 2850837121.Ifyouareonalowbudget,whichnumbershouldyoucallwhilevisitingHongKong?A.31968888B.35523028C.23323078D.2850837122.WhydoesBoInnovationreceivelowmarks?A.Thepriceistoohigh.B.Thelocationissurprisinglyfar.C.Thefoodistoonovelfortraditionalstyle.D.Theexpertsarenotfondoftheextremecuisine.23.Whatdothefourrestaurantshaveincommon?A.Theyarelocatedinhotels.B.TheyprovideCantonesefood. C.Theyarerated3-Michelinstars.D.Theychargeextratipforservice.【答案】21.C22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港的米其林星级餐厅。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章SuperLuxuriousLungKingHeenRestaurant部分中“Priceperperson:1,200to2,000HKD(每位港币1,200至2,000元)”、MingCourtRestaurant部分中“Priceperperson:HKD700(每人价格：港币700元)”、TimHoWan部分中“Priceperperson:HKD75(每人票价：港币75元)”、BoInnovation部分中“Priceperperson:above800HKD(每人价格：港币800元以上)”可知，TimHoWan价格最低，且TimHoWan部分中“Tel:23323078(电话：23323078)”。故如果预算很低，那么在访问香港时应该拨打23323078。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章BoInnovation部分中“Somedinersgivelowmarksperhapsbecausetheirmealdidn’tfittheirexpectationsaboutwhatCantoneseChinesefoodshouldbelike.(有些食客给的分数很低，也许是因为这顿饭不符合他们对广东菜应有的样子的期望。)”可知，BoInnovation得低分是因为这种食物对于传统风格来说太新颖了。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章SuperLuxuriousLungKingHeenRestaurant部分中“IfyoucanaffordthebestCantonesecuisineandservice,thenthisoneintheFourSeasonsHotelmightbethebestintheworldandhasexcellentscenerytoo.(如果你能负担得起最好的粤菜和服务，那么四季酒店的这家粤菜可能是世界上最好的，而且风景也很好。)”、MingCourtRestaurant部分中“ItisaluxuryChineserestaurantfeaturingCantonesecuisineinthe5-starCordisHotel.(这是位于五星级康得思酒店内的一间以粤菜为主的豪华中餐厅。)”、TimHoWan部分中“ItisidealformosttouristsandbackpackerswhowanttotasteexcellentCantonesefood,butpayless.(这里是大多数游客和背包客的理想之选，他们想要品尝美味的广东菜，但费用较低。)”、BoInnovation部分中“Somedinersgivelowmarksperhapsbecausetheirmealdidn’tfittheirexpectationsaboutwhatCantoneseChinesefoodshouldbelike.(有些食客给的分数很低，也许是因为这顿饭不符合他们对广东菜应有的样子的期望。)”可知，这四家餐馆有共同点是它们提供粤菜。故选B。BAsweknow,BenjaminFranklinmadegroundbreakingdiscoveriesinthefieldofelectronics.Heinventedbothbattery(theword)andbatteries(thething)andcameupwiththeconceptof“positive”and“negative”charges.ButthiscomessecondtoFranklin’strueelectricalvocation:practicaljokes. Picturethescene:It’ssummer1749andyou’vebeeninvitedtoapartyatyourgoodpalBen’shouse.Yousitdown,pickupyourwineglasstotakeasip...andarehitwithanelectricshockstraighttothemouth.ThiswasatypicalriskofbeingfriendswithBenjaminFranklin.Notonlydidhisguestsputupwithelectrifiedwineglasses,buttheywerealsofrightenedbydancingspidersmadefromwoodandstring,andinvitedtosendsparksofelectricitybetweenoneanotherthroughairkisses.Thefatherofelectricityfirstencountereditswondersafterwitnessinganexperiment-slash-vaudevilleshowin1743,andwaselectrifiedbytheexperience,tosaytheleast.“Ineverwasbeforeengagedinanystudythatsototallyengrossedmyattentionandmytimeasthis,”hewrotetofellowelectricianPeterCollinson.CollinsonhadjustsentFranklinanexcitinggift:aLeydenjar.Physicistshadbeenabletogenerateelectricity.ButtheLeydenjarallowedthemtostoreanduseitondemand.Itwouldtakenearly7 trillionjarstostoretheamountofelectricityinasingleAAbatterytoday.Butforphysicistsofthetime,awholenewworldofexperimentshadopenedup.Exactlywhatthoseexperimentswere,Franklinlefttotheimagination.24.WhatcanweknowaboutFranklin?A.Hediscoveredthefieldofelectronics.B.Hedesignedsomenewtermsinelectronics.C.Heseparatedpositivechargefromnegativeone.D.Heinventedtheconceptofpracticaljokes.25.Whathappenedtothepeopleattheparty?A.Theycouldn’tputupwiththeelectricshock.B.Theywitnessedthreetricksattheparty.C.Theytastedthewinemadefromrealspiders.D.Theydidn’tappreciateFranklin’senseofhumor.26.WhyisasingleAAbatterymentionedinparagraph4?A.TointroduceFranklin’sgreatachievement.B.ToillustratethefunctionsofLeydenjars.C.ToexplainthestoreamountofLeydenjars.D.ToshowFranklin’screativeimagination.27.WhatkindofpersonisFranklinaccordingtothetext?A.Playfulandcurious.B.Friendlyandhumorous.C.Intelligentandreliable.D.Committedandhelpful.【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了本杰明·富兰克林在电子学领域的贡献以及他本人的一些恶作剧。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Heinventedbothbattery(theword)andbatteries(thething)andcameupwiththeconceptof“positive”and“negative”charges.(他发明了“电池”(这个词)和“电池”(这个东西) ，并提出了“正电荷”和“负电荷”的概念)”可知，富兰克林设计了一些电子学的新术语。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Notonlydidhisguestsputupwithelectrifiedwineglasses,buttheywerealsofrightenedbydancingspidersmadefromwoodandstring,andinvitedtosendsparksofelectricitybetweenoneanotherthroughairkisses.(他的客人们不仅忍受了带电的酒杯，还被木头和绳子做成的跳舞的蜘蛛吓坏了，他还邀请他们通过飞吻来相互传递电火花)”可知，聚会上的人在晚会上目睹了三种恶作剧。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButtheLeydenjarallowedthemtostoreanduseitondemand.Itwouldtakenearly7trillionjarstostoretheamountofelectricityinasingleAAbatterytoday.(但莱顿罐允许他们储存并按需使用。今天，一块AA电池需要将近7万亿个罐子才能储存足够的电量)”可推知，第4段提到了一节AA电池是为了解释莱顿罐的储存量。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThiswasatypicalriskofbeingfriendswithBenjaminFranklin.Notonlydidhisguestsputupwithelectrifiedwineglasses,buttheywerealsofrightenedbydancingspidersmadefromwoodandstring,andinvitedtosendsparksofelectricitybetweenoneanotherthroughairkisses.(这是和本杰明·富兰克林做朋友的典型风险。他的客人们不仅忍受了带电的酒杯，还被木头和绳子做成的跳舞的蜘蛛吓坏了，他还邀请他们通过飞吻来相互传递电火花)”以及第三段“Thefatherofelectricityfirstencountereditswondersafterwitnessinganexperiment-slash-vaudevilleshowin1743,andwaselectrifiedbytheexperience,tosaytheleast.“Ineverwasbeforeengagedinanystudythatsototallyengrossedmyattentionandmytimeasthis,”hewrotetofellowelectricianPeterCollinson.(1743年，这位电之父在观看了一场实验性的歌舞杂耍表演后，第一次遇到了电的奇迹，至少可以说，他被这次经历惊呆了。他在给电工同事彼得·科林森的信中写道：“在此之前，我从来没有像这样全身心地投入过任何研究。”)”可推知，富兰克林是爱开玩笑且充满好奇心的人。故选A。CAgrowingnumberofpsychologistsaregettingoutthemessagethatanxietyhasapositiveroletoplayinourlives.TracyDennis-Tiwary,whorecentlypublishedFutureTense:WhyAnxietyIsGoodforYou(EvenThoughItFeelsBad),thinksourculturegoestoofarindemonizing(妖魔化)thedifficultemotion.PsychologistToddKashdan,directoroftheWell-BeingLabatGeorgeMasonUniversityinVirginia,isacriticofwhathecallshappyology.Wedon’talwayshavetobesmileyandcalm,orworrythere’ssomethingwrongwithus.Sometimes,hesays,worryitselfiswhatisright.Fearofheights?Good,becauseyou’renotgoingtobethepersonwhofallsoffacliffwhiletakingaselfie. Theseexpertswonderifthenaturalrolethatanxietyplaysinourlivesissomehowbeingforgotten.Forexample,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announcedinMarch2022thattheprevalenceofanxietyhadincreasedgloballyby25%overthepreviousyear.TheWHOcalledthefinding“awake-upcalltoallcountriestostepupmentalhealthservicesandsupport”.Doweknowforcertainthatthisdatarepresentsapublichealthcrisis?Orcoulditmeanthatmillionsoffolksarequiterightlyfeelinguncertain,stressedoutandafraid?Wecanexperiencehealthy,oftencompletelyvalidperiodsofanxietywithoutbeingcategorizedasmentallyill,accordingtobehavioralpsychologists.Anxietyisanadaptivestrategyinhumanevolution.Ithelpsustopreparefortheuncertainfuture.Anxietyhelpsussolveunknownsbyplanningandimagining,byplottingoutpossibleways.AccordingtoAliceBoyes,whohasaPhDinclinicalpsychology,copingwithanxietybyavoidingthemjustreinforcesyourinsecurity,becauseyou’renotgettingbetteratsolvingtheproblem.“Overtime,youwillfeellessandlesscapable,”shewarns.Thekeyistomanageanxietybeforeitovertakesus,liketendingagardensotheweedsdon’tspread.Howdoyoudothat?Solutionsincludemeditation,exercise,compassionateconnectionsuchasvolunteering,accesstonatureandmentallyreframingwhatwe’reexperiencing.28.WhichstatementisKashdan’sopinion?A.Fearmaypreventyoufromtakingdangerousactions.B.Happyologyisquitepopularamongtheyoungnowadays.C.Beingsmileycanstopusfromworryingsomethingwrong.D.Difficultemotionssuchasanxietyshouldnotbedemonized.29.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardWHO’sannouncement?A.Unclear.B.Disapproving.C.Objective.D.Positive.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinforces”inparagraph5mean?A.Resists.B.Increases.C.Adjusts.D.Reveals.31.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Theupsideofanxiety.B.Thekeytomanageanxiety.C.Theoriginofdifficultemotions.D.Therightattitudetonegativeemotions.【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了焦虑在我们的生活中的好处。【28题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“PsychologistToddKashdan,directoroftheWell-BeingLabatGeorgeMasonUniversityinVirginia,isacriticofwhathecallshappyology.Wedon’talwayshavetobesmileyandcalm,orworrythere’ssomethingwrongwithus.Sometimes,hesays,worryitselfiswhatisright.Fearofheights?Good,becauseyou’renotgoingtobethepersonwhofallsoffacliffwhiletakingaselfie.(弗吉尼亚州乔治梅森大学幸福实验室主任、心理学家托德·卡什丹是他所谓的幸福学的批评者。我们不必总是面带微笑，保持冷静，或者担心自己有什么问题。他说，有时候，担心本身就是对的。恐高？很好，因为你不会是那个自拍时从悬崖上摔下来的人。)”可知，卡什丹的观点是恐惧可能会阻止你采取危险的行动。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Forexample,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announcedinMarch2022thattheprevalenceofanxietyhadincreasedgloballyby25%overthepreviousyear.TheWHOcalledthefinding“awake-upcalltoallcountriestostepupmentalhealthservicesandsupport”.(例如，世界卫生组织(WHO)在2022年3月宣布，全球焦虑症的患病率比前一年增加了25%。世界卫生组织称这一发现“为所有国家加强精神卫生服务和支持敲响了警钟”。)”和第四段“Wecanexperiencehealthy,oftencompletelyvalidperiodsofanxietywithoutbeingcategorizedasmentallyill,accordingtobehavioralpsychologists.Anxietyisanadaptivestrategyinhumanevolution.Ithelpsustopreparefortheuncertainfuture.Anxietyhelpsussolveunknownsbyplanningandimagining,byplottingoutpossibleways.(根据行为心理学家的说法，我们可以经历健康的、通常完全有效的焦虑期，而不会被归类为精神疾病。焦虑是人类进化过程中的一种适应性策略。它帮助我们为不确定的未来做好准备。焦虑帮助我们通过计划和想象，通过规划出可能的方法来解决未知的问题。)”可知，作者对世界卫生组织的声明是不赞成的。故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第五段中“Overtime,youwillfeellessandlesscapable(随着时间的推移，你会觉得自己越来越无能。)”和空后的“yourinsecurity”可知，作者想表达使不安全感增加。A.Resists抗拒；B.Increases增加；C.Adjusts调整；D.Reveals揭示。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Agrowingnumberofpsychologistsaregettingoutthemessagethatanxietyhasapositiveroletoplayinourlives.(越来越多的心理学家发出这样的信息：焦虑在我们的生活中扮演着积极的角色。)”可知，文章主要介绍了焦虑在我们的生活中的好处。故选A。DGenerativeA.I.,thesoftwareenginebehindChatGPT,isseenasanexcitingnewwaveoftechnology.Butcompaniesineveryindustryaremainlytryingoutthetechnologyandthinkingthroughtheeconomics.Widespreaduseofitatmanycompaniescouldbeyearsaway. GenerativeA.I.,accordingtoforecasts,couldsharplyboostproductivityandaddtrillionsofdollarstotheglobaleconomy.Yetthelessonofhistory,fromsteampowertotheInternet,isthatthereisalonglagbetweenthearrivalofmajornewtechnologyanditsbroadadoption—whichiswhattransformsindustriesandhelpsfueltheeconomy.Theinvestmentcrazeisgoingonrightnow.Inthefirsthalfof2023,fundingforgenerativeA.I.start-upsreached$15.3billion,nearlythreetimesthetotalforlastyear.CompanytechnologymanagersaresamplinggenerativeA.I.softwarefromahostofsuppliersandwatchingtoseehowtheindustrydevelops.InNovember,whenChatGPTwasmadeavailabletothepublic,itwasa“Netscapemoment”forgenerativeA.I.,saidRobThomas,IBM’schiefcommercialofficer,referringtoNetscape’sintroductionofthebrowserin1994.“ThatbroughttheInternetalive,”Mr.Thomassaid.Butitwasjustabeginning,openingadoortonewbusinessopportunitiesthatittookyearstocreate.Inarecentreport,atimelineforthewidespreadadoptionofgenerativeA.I.applicationwaspresented.Itassumedsteadyimprovementincurrentlyknowntechnology,butnotfuturebreak-throughs.Itsforecastformain-streamadoptionwasneithershortnorprecise,arangeof8to27years.Thebroadrangeisexplainedbypluggingindifferentassumptionsabouteconomiccycles,governmentregulation,companyculturesandmanagementdecisions.“We’renotmodelingthelawsofphysicshere;we’remodelingeconomicsandsocieties,andpeopleandcompanies,”saidMichaelChui,apartnerattheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute.“Whathappensislargelytheresultofhumanchoices.”32.HowarethecompaniesreactingaftertheintroductionofgenerativeA.I.?A.Adoptingthenewtechnologywidely.B.Makingahighprofitfromthetechnology.C.Stayingcautiousaboutthenewtechnology.D.PostponinggenerativeA.I.’swideadoption.33.Whatwilltransformindustries?A.Thearrivalofmajornewtechnology.B.Thebroadadoptionofnewtechnology.C.Thelagbetweenthemajortechnologies.D.Theinventionofsteampowerinhistory.34.Whatisthepurposeofwritingparagraph4?A.ToshowtheInternetcamealiveinthe1990s.B.TomentionA.I.hasbroughtimportantbenefits.C.Toexplainthepresentsituationisjustabeginning.D.Toprovethenewbusinessopportunitiesareenormous.35.WhatdowelearnaboutthewideadoptionofgenerativeA.I.?A.Itneedssteadyimprovementinsteadofbreak-throughs. B.Itshouldmodelthelawsofphysicsandeconomics.C.Itwillbewidelyadoptedinover3decades.D.Itisinfluencedmostlybyhumanfactors.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了ChatGPT背后的软件引擎生成式人工智能(Generativeai)，新技术的广泛采用将改变工业，人工智能的广泛采用主要受人为因素的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“GenerativeA.I.,thesoftwareenginebehindChatGPT,isseenasanexcitingnewwaveoftechnology.Butcompaniesineveryindustryaremainlytryingoutthetechnologyandthinkingthroughtheeconomics.Widespreaduseofitatmanycompaniescouldbeyearsaway.(ChatGPT背后的软件引擎生成式人工智能(GenerativeAI)被视为令人兴奋的新一波技术。但每个行业的公司主要都在尝试这个技术，并从经济角度考虑问题。它在许多公司的广泛使用可能需要数年时间。)”可知，每个行业的公司主要都在尝试这个技术，这项技术在许多公司的广泛应用可能还需要数年时间，可得出每个行业的公司对新技术保持谨慎。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Yetthelessonofhistory,fromsteampowertotheInternet,isthatthereisalonglagbetweenthearrivalofmajornewtechnologyanditsbroadadoption—whichiswhattransformsindustriesandhelpsfueltheeconomy.(然而，从蒸汽机到互联网的历史经验告诉我们，重大新技术的出现和广泛应用之间存在着一段漫长的滞后，而广泛应用正是改变工业和推动经济发展的关键)”可知，新技术的广泛采用将改变工业。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“InNovember,whenChatGPTwasmadeavailabletothepublic,itwasa“Netscapemoment”forgenerativeA.I.,saidRobThomas,IBM’schiefcommercialofficer,referringtoNetscape’sintroductionofthebrowserin1994.“ThatbroughttheInternetalive,”Mr.Thomassaid.(去年11月，当ChatGPT向公众开放时，IBM首席商务官罗布·托马斯(RobThomas)说，这是生成式人工智能的“网景时刻”，他指的是网景在1994年推出的浏览器。“这给互联网带来了生机，”托马斯说)”以及“Butitwasjustabeginning,openingadoortonewbusinessopportunitiesthatittookyearstocreate.(但这只是一个开始，打开了一扇通往新商业机会的大门，而这些机会需要数年时间才能创造出来)”可知，第4段的目的是来解释现状只是一个开始。故选C。【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thebroadrangeisexplainedbypluggingindifferentassumptionsabouteconomiccycles,governmentregulation,companyculturesandmanagementdecisions.“We’renotmodelingthelawsofphysicshere;we’remodelingeconomicsandsocieties,andpeopleandcompanies,”saidMichaelChui,apartnerattheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute.“Whathappensislargelytheresultofhumanchoices.”(这个广泛的范围可以通过对经济周期、政府监管、公司文化和管理决策的不同假设来解释。“我们不是在模拟物理定律；我们正在为经济和社会、人和公司建模，”麦肯锡全球研究所(McKinseyGlobalInstitute)合伙人迈克尔·崔(MichaelChui)说。“发生的事情很大程度上是人类选择的结果。”)”可知，对于该技术，研究人员需要为此为经济和社会、人和公司建模，而这很大程度上是人类选择的结果，可得出人工智能的广泛采用主要受人为因素的影响。故选D。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingagoodfriendisn’talwayseasy.Nevertheless,takingthetimetodevelopalastingfriendshipiswortheveryounceofeffort.___36___Hereareafewthingsyoucandotobeagoodfriendtoothers.Maketimeforeachother___37___Themarkofagoodfriendissomeonewhomakestimeforyouandmakesspendingtimewithyouapriority.Agoodfriendwillalsolookforopportunitiestomaximizethetimeyouhavetogetherbyseekingfunanduniqueexperiencesthatstrengthenandmaintainyourbond.OpenupandalloweachothertobevulnerableAgoodfriendissomeonegenuine,someonewithwhomyoucanbeyourselfandtheycanbethemselvesaroundyou.Agoodfriendallowsyoutobevulnerablewiththemandviceversa,meaningyoucanexposeyouremotionsandcircumstanceswitheachotherandtrustoneanothertolisten,besupportive,andhaveeachother’sbestinterestsatheart.___38___Ifyourfriendhurtyou,don’tbeafraidtotalkaboutit.___39___Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbeingagoodfriend.Yourfriendwillneedyouforsupport,especiallyinhardtimes.Nobodywantstobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallyisn’tinterestedinthem.It’shardtorelyonapersonwhodoesn’tbehaveinatrustworthyway.Weallknowwell-intentionedpeoplewhosay,“Okay,Iwill...”butneverfollowthrough.Ifthat’syou,beawarethatyou’redestroyingyourfriends’trust.Eventually,they’llstopbelievingwhatyousay.Apologizewhenyou’vemadeamistake.Ifyouwantyourfriendstotrustyou,thenyoucan’tactlikeyou’reperfect.Ifyouknowyou’vemadeamistake,ownuptoitinsteadofdenying.Thoughyourfriendswon’tbehappythatyoumadeamistake,they’llbe verypleasedthatyou’rematureenoughtoadmititinsteadofjustpretendingthatnothingiswrong,orworse—blamingitonsomeoneelse.___40___Letyourfriendshearthesincerityinyourvoice.A.Bedependable.B.Beagoodlistener.C.Whenyoudoso,youshouldmeanit.D.Agoodfriendiswillingtosticktheirneckoutonbehalfoftheirfriends.E.Itwillcontributetodirectlinesofcommunicationbetweenbothofyou.F.Friendshipsgrowthroughsharedexperiencesandqualitytimetogether.G.Becausegoodfriendshipsprovideasenseofbelongingandsecurityknowingyouareloved.【答案】36.G37.F38.E39.A40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些成为别人好朋友的建议和方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Beingagoodfriendisn’talwayseasy.Nevertheless,takingthetimetodevelopalastingfriendshipiswortheveryounceofeffort.(做一个好朋友并不总是那么容易。然而，花时间发展一段持久的友谊是值得付出一切努力的)”可知，本句应该说明值得花时间发展持久友谊的原因，故G选项“因为好的友谊会给你一种归属感和安全感，知道你被爱着”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据后文“Themarkofagoodfriendissomeonewhomakestimeforyouandmakesspendingtimewithyouapriority.Agoodfriendwillalsolookforopportunitiestomaximizethetimeyouhavetogetherbyseekingfunanduniqueexperiencesthatstrengthenandmaintainyourbond.(好朋友标志是他会为你腾出时间，并把和你在一起的时间放在首位。好朋友也会寻找机会，通过寻找有趣和独特的经历来最大限度地延长你们在一起的时间，从而加强和维持你们的关系)”可知，后文主要说明了好朋友会为彼此腾出时间，通过经历来维持关系，即通过共同经历来发展友谊。故F选项“友谊在共同经历和共度美好时光中成长”符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】根据上文“Agoodfriendallowsyoutobevulnerablewiththemandviceversa,meaningyoucanexposeyouremotionsandcircumstanceswitheachotherandtrustoneanothertolisten,besupportive,andhaveeachother’sbestinterestsatheart.(一个好朋友允许你在他们面前脆弱，反之亦然，这意味着你可以在彼此面前暴露你的情绪和情况，信任彼此，互相倾听，支持彼此，并把彼此的最大利益放在心上)”可知，上文提到了有好朋友的各种好处，故本句承接上文说明这么做的好处：有助于你们双方之间的直接沟通。故E 选项“这将有助于你们双方之间的直接沟通”符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据本段内容“Itisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbeingagoodfriend.Yourfriendwillneedyouforsupport,especiallyinhardtimes.Nobodywantstobefriendswithsomeonewhoactuallyisn’tinterestedinthem.It’shardtorelyonapersonwhodoesn’tbehaveinatrustworthyway.Weallknowwell-intentionedpeoplewhosay,“Okay,Iwill...”butneverfollowthrough.Ifthat’syou,beawarethatyou’redestroyingyourfriends’trust.Eventually,they’llstopbelievingwhatyousay.(这是成为好朋友最重要的方面之一。你的朋友需要你的支持，尤其是在困难时期。没有人想和对自己不感兴趣的人做朋友。很难依赖一个行为不值得信赖的人。我们都认识一些善意的人，他们会说：“好吧，我会……”但从不坚持到底。如果你是这样的人，你要意识到你正在破坏你朋友的信任。最终，他们会不再相信你说的话)”可知，本段的主旨是要成为一个值得信赖的人，即可靠的人。故A选项“成为可靠的人”符合语境，故选A。【40题详解】根据上文“Ifyouwantyourfriendstotrustyou,thenyoucan’tactlikeyou’reperfect.Ifyouknowyou’vemadeamistake,ownuptoitinsteadofdenying.Thoughyourfriendswon’tbehappythatyoumadeamistake,they’llbeverypleasedthatyou’rematureenoughtoadmititinsteadofjustpretendingthatnothingiswrong,orworse—blamingitonsomeoneelse.(如果你想让你的朋友信任你，那么你就不能表现得很完美。如果你知道自己犯了错误，就承认而不是否认。虽然你的朋友不会因为你犯了错误而高兴，但他们会很高兴看到你足够成熟地承认错误，而不是假装什么都没有错，或者更糟的是，把它归咎于别人)”以及后文“Letyourfriendshearthesincerityinyourvoice.(让你的朋友听到你声音中的真诚)”可知，后文提到了听到声音中的真诚，说明承认错误要认真，真诚，故C选项“当你这样做的时候，你应该是认真的”符合语境，故选C。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。33yearsago,Iwasontheearlymorningridefromthesuburbs.Wewereacrowdofsilentpassengers,oneofwhomwasasmallgraymantothecentreforseniorcitizensregularly.He___41___thebuswithastoop(弯腰)andsatdownalonebehindthedriver.Oneday,a(n)___42___occurred.Thatmorning,theelderlysmiled___43___downthroughthebusandgreetedthedriverwitha“goodmorning”___44___hesatdown.Thedrivernoddedcautiously.Thenextday,hesmiledenergeticallyandsaidina___45___voice:“Andaverygoodmorningtoyouall!”Someofuslookedup,astonished,and___46___“Goodmorning”.Thefollowingdayswebegantonodandtalktoeachother.Onemorningheheldabunchofwildflowers. Smilingly,thedriver___47___,teasing“Haveyougotagirlfriend,Charlie?”Henoddedshyly.Theothers___48___andclappedathim.Everymorningafterthat,someofthewomenbegantobringhim___49___.Themenenjoyedlight-heartedjokesand___50___news.Thesummerdriftingaway,autumn___51___.However,onemorningCharliewasabsent.Westartedwonderingifhewassickor___52___,onholidaysomewhere.Arrivingatthecentre,weheldourbreathswhenonepassengerwenttothedoortoask.Thestaffsaidoneofhisveryclosefriendshaddied,soweanticipatedhis___53___onMonday.ThefollowingMondayCharlieawaitedusatthestop,hisstoopmore___54___,andhishairgrayer.Insidethebuswasa___55___again.Wesatwithoureyesbrimmingwithtears,bouquetsofflowersinourhands.41.A.tookB.checkedC.rodeD.boarded42.A.conversationB.changeC.accidentD.argument43.A.slightlyB.unwillinglyC.hardlyD.constantly44.A.beforeB.afterC.whileD.since45.A.shyB.weakC.sadD.cheerful46.A.yelledB.smiledC.murmuredD.mourned47.A.turnedoverB.turnedupC.turnedinD.turnedaround48.A.whistledB.appliedC.bowedD.applauded49.A.moneyB.cardsC.flowersD.newspapers50.A.readB.madeC.sharedD.announced51.A.approachedB.drewC.draggedD.closed 52.A.hopefullyB.fortunatelyC.amazinglyD.gratefully53.A.favorB.protestC.returnD.entertainment54.A.crucialB.uglyC.differentD.distinct55.A.lonelinessB.silenceC.hesitationD.security【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.A45.D46.C47.D48.A49.C50.C51.A52.A53.C54.D55.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了公交车上的人们因为一位老人由沉默变得友好，也因为这位老人变得沉默的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他弯着腰上了公共汽车，独自坐在司机后面。A.took拿；B.checked检查；C.rode骑；D.boarded登上。根据后文的“thebuswithastoop(弯腰)andsatdownalonebehindthedriver.”可知，他独自坐在司机后面，可推知他上了公共汽车。故选D项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，变化发生了。A.conversation对话；B.change改变；C.accident事故；D.argument论点。根据前文的“Wewereacrowdofsilentpassengers”和后文“greetedthedriverwitha“goodmorning””可知，前面说是一群沉默的乘客，后面有人说话，故变化发生了。故选B项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，老人微笑着穿过巴士，在司机坐下之前向他打招呼说“早上好”。A.slightly轻微地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.hardly几乎不；D.constantly不断地。根据前文的“theelderlysmiled”可知，老人微微一笑。故选A项。【44题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，老人微笑着穿过巴士，在司机坐下之前向他打招呼说“早上好”。A.before之前；B.after在……后；C.while虽然；D.since自从。根据前文的“greetedthedriverwitha“goodmorning””和后文“hesatdown”结合常识可知，坐下之前向他打招呼。故选A项。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，他精力充沛地微笑着，用愉快的声音 说：“祝你们大家早上好!”我们中的一些人惊讶地抬起头，低声说：“早上好。”A.shy害羞；B.weak虚弱的；C.sad悲伤的；D.cheerful令人愉快的。根据前文的“smiledenergetically”可知，他精力充沛地微笑，故他说话的声音也是愉快的。故选D项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，他精力充沛地微笑着，用愉快的声音说:“祝你们大家早上好!”我们中的一些人惊讶地抬起头，低声说:“早上好。”A.yelled喊；B.smiled微笑；C.murmured低语；D.mourned哀悼。根据前文的“Wewereacrowdofsilentpassengers”和“Someofuslookedup,astonished”可知，车上的人们不习惯打招呼，故说话声音不大。故选C项。【47题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：司机笑着转过身，揶揄道：“查理，你有女朋友吗？”A.turnedover翻转；B.turnedup出现；C.turnedin上交；D.turnedaround转身。根据前文的“thedriver”结合常识可知，司机是坐在车的最前面，故他转身和人说话。故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人吹着口哨，向他鼓掌。A.whistled吹口哨；B.applied应用；C.bowed鞠躬；D.applauded鼓掌。根据前文的“Smilingly,thedriver7,teasing“Haveyougotagirlfriend,Charlie?”Henoddedshyly.”可知，大家得知他有女朋了，故其他人很高兴，于是吹口哨。故选A项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后的每天早晨，一些妇女开始给他送花。A.money钱；B.cards卡片；C.flowers花；D.newspapers报纸。根据前文的“Onemorningheheldabunchofwildflowers.Smilingly,thedriver7,teasing“Haveyougotagirlfriend,Charlie?”Henoddedshyly.”可知，人们知道他有女朋友了，而且看到他拿着一束野花，故一些妇女开始给他送花。故选C项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男人们喜欢轻松愉快的笑话，分享消息。A.read读；B.made制成；C.shared共享；D.announced宣布。根据前文的“Thefollowingdayswebegantonodandtalktoeachother.”可知，人们开始点头交谈，故会分享消息。故选C项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天渐行渐远，秋天来临了。A.approached走近；B.drew绘制；C.dragged拖动；D.closed关闭。根据前文的“Thesummerdriftingaway,autumn”可知，夏天走后，秋天来临了。故选A项。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们开始怀疑他是否生病了，或者希望是在某个地方度假。A. hopefully有希望地；B.fortunately幸运的是；C.amazingly令人惊奇的是；D.gratefully感激地。根据前文的“onholidaysomewhere.”可知，人们希望他是在某个地方度假。故选A项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作人员说他一位非常亲密的朋友去世了，所以我们预计他周一会回来。A.favor赞成；B.protest抗议；C.return返回；D.entertainment娱乐。根据前文的“However,onemorningCharliewasabsent.”和“Thestaffsaidoneofhisveryclosefriendshaddied”可知，人们预计他周一会回来。故选C项。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来的星期一，查理在车站等着我们，他的驼背更加明显，头发也更灰白了。A.crucial关键的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.different不同的；D.distinct明显的。根据前文的“Thestaffsaidoneofhisveryclosefriendshaddied”和后文的“andhishairgrayer”可知，他很伤心，故似乎他的驼背更加明显，头发也更灰白了。故选D项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：车内又是一片寂静。A.loneliness孤独；B.silence沉默；C.hesitation犹豫；D.security安全。根据前文的“Wesatwithoureyesbrimmingwithtears,bouquetsofflowersinourhands.”可知，人们很伤心，故车内又是一片寂静。故选B项。第Ⅱ卷非选择题部分第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Catsmeowmorewhenthey’reaccustomedtostayingwithpeople.Butdoesthecatfeelfriendly?Orisit___56___(anger)?Issomethingblockingitsway?Isthecatafraidordistressed?Or,doesitjustwantfood?Inapsychologystudy,professorNickNicastrorecordedhundredsofcatmeowsinthosefivesituations.Thenhumanslistenedtothesoundsthroughheadphones.Those___57___weremorefamiliarwithcatsoroftendealtwiththeirowncatsathome___58___(do)betteratinterpretingthemeows,especially___59___catsmadeseveralmeowsinarow.___60___,eventhecat-lovinggroupgottherightanswersonlyabout30percentofthetime—slightlybetterthan___61___20percentthey’dscoreif___62___(pick)answersatrandom.Nicastrothinksthatpeoplewould___63___(probable)dobetterwithvideo,becausethey’dhavemoreclues.Indeed,individualcatsvary___64___howtheymeowindifferentsituationsandtheycommunicatealotwithpostures,headpositionsandeventail___65___(move).“Ithinkthatwedomissalotofcatcommunicationbecausewedon’tgetallofthat,”saysMcDaniel. 【答案】56.angry57.who58.did59.when60.However##Nevertheless61.the62.picking63.probably64.in65.movements【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尼克·尼卡斯特罗教授研究猫的喵喵声，从而判断猫想表达的意思。【56题详解】考查形容词。句意：还是愤怒？分析句子结构可知，此处使用形容词angry“愤怒的”，作表语。故填angry。【57题详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些更熟悉猫或经常在家里和自己的猫打交道的人更能理解猫叫，尤其是当猫连续发出几声喵喵叫的时候。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词Those，且从句中缺少主语，故填who，引导定语从句。故填who。【58题详解】考查时态。句意：那些更熟悉猫或经常在家里和自己的猫打交道的人更能理解猫叫，尤其是当猫连续发出几声喵喵叫的时候。分析句子结构可知，本空为主句谓语，根据句意和空前的were可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，故用do“做”的过去式did。故填did。【59题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：那些更熟悉猫或经常在家里和自己的猫打交道的人更能理解猫叫，尤其是当猫连续发出几声喵喵叫的时候。分析句子结构可知，本空引导时间状语从句，且空处意思为“当……时”，故填when，引导时间状语从句。故填when。【60题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，即使是爱猫的一组也只有大约30%的时间得到正确答案——略高于随机选择答案的20%。根据空前的“Those2weremorefamiliarwithcatsoroftendealtwiththeirowncatsathome3(do)betteratinterpretingthemeows,especially4catsmadeseveralmeowsinarow.”和空后的“eventhecat-lovinggroupgottherightanswersonlyabout30percentofthetime”可知，两句为转折关系，故空处缺少的意思是“然而”，且空后有逗号，故用副词However或Nevertheless，作状语。故填However或Nevertheless。【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，即使是爱猫的一组也只有大约30%的时间得到正确答案——略高于随机选择答案的20%。根据空后的20percentthey’dscore可知，此处表示强调，故用定冠词the。故填the。【62题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：然而，即使是爱猫的一组也只有大约30%的时间得到正确答案——略高于随机选择答案的20%。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。故if从句省略了主语they和系动词were，故结合句意可推断if从句用过去进行时，故pick“选择”用picking形式。故填picking。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：尼卡斯特罗认为人们用视频可能会做得更好，因为他们会有更多的线索。分析句子结构可知，此处使用副词probably“可能”，作状语，修饰动词do。故填probably。【64题详解】考查介词。句意：事实上，每只猫在不同的情况下喵喵叫的方式是不同的，它们通过姿势、头部位置甚至尾巴的运动来交流很多信息。结合句意可知，此处使用介词in，varyin“在……方面变化，在……方面有差异”。故填in。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：事实上，每只猫在不同的情况下喵喵叫的方式是不同的，它们通过姿势、头部位置甚至尾巴的运动来交流很多信息。分析句子结构可知，此处使用名词movement“运动”，结合句意可知，运动不止一次，应用名词复数形式。故填movements。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(满分15分)66.假定你是LiHua，你的美国朋友David在上一封信中得知你因为高考选科而纠结，很想知道你现在的选科情况，请你给他回信，分享你的近况。要点包括：1．对他的关心表示感谢；2．你的选科情况以及选这些科目的原因；3．表达对目前学习的信心注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearDavid,Knowingthatyouhavebeenconcernedaboutmyproblemwithsubjectchoosing,Ican’tfeeltoogratefultoyou,soI’mwritingtosharemychoiceandviewsaboutitwithyou.NowIhavechosenPhysics,ChemistryandHistoryasmyselectivesubjects.PhysicsandChemistryarescience-basedsubjects,whichIthinkcanequipuswithknowledgeofthemechanicsofourworldaswellasscientificskillstounlockmysteries.Ontheotherhand,Historyhelpsmehaveabetterunderstandingofourroots,whichisalsowheremyinterestlies.Anyway,I’mconfidentaboutmychoiceandhopeeverythinggoeswellforyoutoo.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求给美国朋友David回信，分享你关于高考选科的近况。【详解】1.词汇积累关心：beconcernedabout→showsolicitudefor感激的：grateful→appreciative看法：view→opinion自信的：confident→assured2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Knowingthatyouhavebeenconcernedaboutmyproblemwithsubjectchoosing,Ican’tfeeltoogratefultoyou,soI’mwritingtosharemychoiceandviewsaboutitwithyou.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatyouhavebeenconcernedaboutmyproblemwithsubjectchoosing,Ican’tfeeltoogratefultoyou,soI’mwritingtosharemychoiceandviewsaboutitwithyou.【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowingthatyouhavebeenconcernedaboutmyproblemwithsubjectchoosing,Ican’tfeeltoogratefultoyou,soI’mwritingtosharemychoiceandviewsaboutitwithyou.（运用了现在分词Knowing作状语）【高分句型2】PhysicsandChemistryarescience-basedsubjects,whichIthinkcanequipuswithknowledgeofthemechanicsofourworldaswellasscientificskillstounlock mysteries.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节：(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Myfatherhadbeenasalestrainerwhotaughtpresentationskills.Hetraveledacrosstheworldforworkandcompetedintennistournamentsontheweekends.“Lifeisgood,”hewouldalwayssay,withatwinkleinhiseyes.Everythingchangedduringmysecondyearofhighschool.Asuddenstroke(中风)leftmydadwithseverephysicalandneurologicaldeficits.Hewasunabletomovetherightsideofhisbody.Butthemostseriousproblem,amidstsomanyothers,washislossofspeech.Thestrokeresultedinadisordercalledaphasia,whichdamagessomeone’sabilitytocommunicateandunderstandlanguage.Itwaslikemyfatherwasaprisonerinhisownbody,unabletodoandsayexactlywhathewanted.Theaphasiaalsocausedmydadtosaythingshedidnotmean.Hewouldsometimescryinthemiddleofafunnymovieandlaughwhensomethingtragichappened.Ifoundmyselfgoingthroughembarrassmentwheneverwewereinpublic.Myfatherwouldwavehiscanelikeaweaponandshoutincoherentyetharmlessphrasesatpassersby.Itupsetme.Ihatedthestaresandhushedcomments,eventhoughhedidnotnotice.Oneafternoon,Icamehometofindmydadwatchinganoldvideo.Itwasavideoofmyfatherandmeplayingtennis.Whatusedtobesuchasimplepleasurewasnowimpossible.WewatchedinsilenceuntilIcouldn’tholdmygriefanylonger.Ifoundmyselfshakingandcrying.Atanytime,hecouldhaveanotherstroke.Therewasnopromiseoftomorrow.Ifeltovercomebyfear,bothformyfamilyandformyfather.Father’slipsmovedwhilehewatchedmecry.Heclearlywantedtosaysomething,butwaspowerless.Iwonderedwhathewantedtosaytoinspiremetofaceuptothedarknessweweregoingthrough.IfinallyfoundmyanswerwhenonedayItookmydadtothepark,rowingaboataswedidafewtimesbefore.“You…and…me!”hemanagedtosay.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Shocked,Iwantedtohearmore. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:“Yes.Lifeisgood.”Iwhisperedback,completingitforhim.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Shocked,Iwantedtohearmore.Seizedbyeagernessandexcitement,Ileanedforward,incliningmyeartohislips.ItriedtopretendnottobewaitingthoughIknewDadwasstrugglingforhisvoice.Mydadlookedatmewithafamiliarexpression.“Life…good.”Thewordscameinamumble,butIgotthem.Maybebecauseofhisbrightsmile,orarushofwarmair,inthatpreciousmoment,Iunderstoodexactlywhathemeant.“Yes.Lifeisgood.”Iwhisperedback,completingitforhim.Thatwaswhathewouldalwayssaybeforehisstroke.Icouldn’timaginehowtirelesslyhehadworkedtorecoverwhathehadlostortoregainafairamountofhisspeech.Icouldcomprehendnowhehadalwaysbeentryingtoinspiremetomoveforwardinthefaceofthedarkesttimes.Iusedtolovethelightforitshowedmetheway;yetnowIappreciatethedarknessforitshowsmethestars.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。“我”的父亲曾经很优秀，也和“我”度过很多快乐时光。但是有一天，父亲中风导致了得了失语症。从此父亲的很多行为让“我”很尴尬。“我”感觉到可能失去父亲的恐惧。有一天，“我”带着父亲去公园划船，就像我们以前做过的那样，我终于找到了答案。“你……还有……我!”他勉强说。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段句首内容“震惊了，我想听到更多。”可知，第一段可以描写“我”听到父亲说话后的心理活动，父亲进一步的语言。②由第二段句首内容“‘是的。生活是美好的。’我轻声回答，为他完成了这件事。”可知，第二段可以描写“我”说完这句话后，“我”对这句话的感触。2.续写线索：听到父亲说—震惊—听到更多—补充—回忆—感悟3.词汇激活 行为类①抓住：seize/grasp②假装：pretend/feign③理解：understand/figureout情绪类①渴望：eagerness/desire②兴奋：excitement/exhilaration【点睛】【高分句型1】Seizedbyeagernessandexcitement,Ileanedforward,incliningmyeartohislips.(运用了过去分词Seized作原因状语和现在分词inclining作伴随状语)【高分句型2】Maybebecauseofhisbrightsmile,orarushofwarmair,inthatpreciousmoment,Iunderstoodexactlywhathemeant.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)【高分句型3】Iusedtolovethelightforitshowedmetheway;yetnowIappreciatethedarknessforitshowsmethestars. (运用了for引导的原因状语从句)