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2022~2023学年度高三第一学期和田地区第二中学第三次质量检测英语试题注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1．本试卷满分为120分，考试时间为90分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡的规定位置。3．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AFireSafetyTrainingOnlineThise-learningfiresafetytrainingcourseisaimedatallstaff.Thisfiresafetyawarenessonlinecourseenablesindividualstoimprovetheirknowledgeandunderstandingoffiresafety.Firesafetyisavitalpartofanybusiness.Withthee-learningfiresafetycourseyoucanensureasafeenvironmentforyourstaffandcustomerswithminimumdisruption(混乱)toyourbusiness.Asthiscourseisonline,itbenefitsfromconstantupdatestoensurethecontentremainsaccuratetoanychanginglaw.WHATDOESTHELAWREQUIRE?TheFireSafetyOrderrequiresallemployersto:Carryoutafireriskassessment.Provideappropriatetrainingfortheirstaff—thisshouldberelevanttoaperson’sjob.Everyoneshouldhavebasicfiresafetytrainingsothiscourseisideal.Providetrainingforfirewardens(管理人)—FireRiskAssessmentsLtdprovidesthistrainingonlineduetothisbeinguniquetoyoursiteandfireprocedures.THETRAININGPROGRAMTheaveragetimetocompletethecourseisapproximately30minutes.Aftercompletingeachsection,peopleneedanswerafewmultiplechoicequestionscorrectlybeforeprogresstothenextsectionispossible.COURSECONTENT
Maingoalsincludingpreservation,prevention,protectionandproceduresCharacteristicsoffireLegalrequirementsFireevacuation(疏散)MeansofputtingoutfireInteractivequizShouldyouwishtobookorfindoutmoreabouttheabovecourse,pleasecallFireRiskAssessmentsLtdon02087635610tospeaktooneoftheirtrainingadvisors.Alternativelyyoucanemailthematenquiries@firera.co.ukorvisittheirwebsiteatwww.firera.co.uk.1.Whoisthisadvertisementmostprobablyintendedfor?A.Employers.B.Lawmakers.C.Firefighters.D.Governmentofficials.2.Whichofthefollowingisoneadvantageoftheonlinecourse?A.Itappliestousersworldwide.B.Itagreeswiththelatestlegalrequirements.C.Itisfreeofcharge.D.Itcanbelearnedanytimelearnerswant.3.Whatdopeopleneedtodoafterfinishingeachsection?A.Putoutafirein30minutes.B.Conductafireriskassessment.C.Learnrelatedlegalrequirements.D.Answersomequestionscorrectly.BAccordingtoanewstudy,puttingpreschooler(学龄前儿童)inbedby8p.m.couldreducetheirchancesofbecomingoverweightorobeselaterinlifebyhalf.Preschoolersarechildrenaroundtheageof4or5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysobesitycanleadtoseriouslong-termhealthproblemslikediabetes,heartdiseaseandstroke.ResearchersfromtheOhioStateUniversity’sCollegeofPublicHealthhavefoundthatyoungchildrenwhogotobedafter9p.m.aretwiceaslikelytobeobeselaterinlife.TheresearcherswrotetheirfindingsinTheJournalofPediatrics.TheleadauthorofthestudyisSarahAnderson.Sheisaprofessorofepidemiology(流行病学).Andersonsaysthat,forparents,theresultsofthestudysupporttheimportanceofcreatingabedtimeroutine.Shesaysthathavingausualbedtimeroutineissomething“familiescandotolowertheirchildren’srisk”ofbecomingoverweight.
Researchersuseddatafrom977childrenforthestudy.ThesechildrenarepartofalargerprojectcalledtheStudyofEarlyChildCareandYouthDevelopment.Theprojectfollowshealthybabiesbornin1991in10citiesinUS.Whenthesechildrenturned15yearsold,theresearcherslookedattheirratesofobesity.Ofthosewiththeearliestbedtimes,onlyoneoutof10wasobese.Ofthosewhowenttobedbetween8and9p.m.,16percentbecameobese.Andoutofthosewiththelatestbedtimes,23percentbecameobese.TheWorldHealthOrganizationreportedin2014thatthenumberofoverweightbabiesandyoungchildrenworldwidehadincreasedfrom31millionin1990to44millionin2012.Ifthattrendcontinues,theWHOwarns,therewillbe70millionobesechildrenintheworldby2025.4.Accordingtothepassage,theriskofobesity______.A.canbecutbyhalfifchildrengotobedby9p.m.B.canleadtolowbloodpressure,diabetesandheartdiseaseC.isthehighestattheageof4or5D.ishigherforthosechildrenwhosleeplateatnight5.Theunderlinedword“obese”inthefirstparagraphmeans______.A.heavyB.lightC.fatD.slim6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEabouttheresearch?A.TheresearchisorganizedbytheWorldHealthOrganization.B.Theresultshowsthatchildrensleepingbefore8p.m.havethelowestrateofobesity.C.ThefindingsarebasedonthedataprovidedbyTheJournalofPediatrics.D.Theresearchisfunded(提供资金)bytheStudyofEarlyChildCareandYouthDevelopment.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresultoftheresearch?AObjective(客观)B.DisappointedC.PositiveD.SatisfiedCResearchersattheDogStudieslabattheMaxPlanckInstitutefortheScienceofHumanHistoryhaveshownthatdogsmaypossesssomemetacognitive(元认知)abilities.Specifically,whentheydonothaveenoughinformationtosolveaproblem,theywillactivelylookformoreinformation,similarlytoprimates(灵长类).Inarecentstudy,projectleaderJuliaBelgerexploredwhetherdogshavemetacognitiveabilities.Totestthis,theresearchersdesignedadeviceinvolvingtwoV-shapedfences.Areward,eitherfoodoratoy,wouldbeplacedbyoneresearcherbehindoneofthetwofenceswhileanotherresearcherheldthedogs.Insomecases,thedogscouldseewheretherewardwasplaced,whileinothers,thedogscouldnot.Theresearchersthenanalyzedhow
frequentlythedogslookedthroughthegapinthefencebeforechoosinganoption.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogsdidchecksignificantlymoreoftenfortherewardwhentheyhadnotseenwhereitwasplaced.Theseresultsshowthatdogsdotendtoactivelyseekextrainformationwhentheyhavenotseenwheretherewardisconcealed.Theresultsdidnotallowtheresearcherstosaydefinitivelywhetherdogspossessmeta-cognition,thoughtheydisplayedsomeevidenceforit.Juliasaid,“Forhumans,visionisanimportantinformationgatheringsense.Inthiscase,ourexperimentwasbasedonacheckingactionrelyingonsight,butthedogsprobablyalsousedtheirsenseofsmellwhencheckingthroughthegap.Weknowthatsmellisveryimportanttodogsandwecouldseethattheywereusingit.”Juliaadded,“Infuture,wewouldliketodevelopanexperimenttoinvestigateunderwhatcircumstancesdogsdecidetousetheirsenseofsmellversussight.Thismaygiveusadditionalinsightsintotheirinformationseekingabilities.”8.Whatabilitymaydogshaveaccordingtothestudy?A.Toofferinformationlikeprimates.B.Tousetheirskillstofindmorefood.C.Toseekinformationtosolveaproblem.D.Toaskforhelpbeforechoosinganoption.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concealed”inparagraph3mean?A.Decorated.B.Hidden.C.Produced.D.Purchased.10.Whatattitudedidtheresearchershavetothefinding?A.Uncertain.B.Friendly.C.Negative.D.Critical.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthetext?A.Environmentandtechnology.B.Humansandnature.CLiteratureandculture.D.Societyandlife.DIfyou’reoneofthosepeoplewhohavetroublefallingasleep,listenup.Youmightfallasleep15minutesearlierandwakeupfarlessduringthenightifyouputonapairofsocksatbedtime.Tounderstandwhy,youfirstneedtounderstandtherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep.Duringdaylighthours,thehumanbodykeepsatanaveragetemperatureof37degreesCelsius.Butatnight,yourcorebodytemperaturereducesasmuchas1.2degreesCelsiusoverthecourseofsixorsevenhoursofsleep.Itturnsoutthatthisgradualdecreaseincorebodytemperatureisakeypartofthecomplexneurobiologicaldance(神经生物学行为)offallingasleepandstayingasleep.Andthefasteryoucanlowerthecorebodytemperature,thefasteryouwillfallasleep.
Oneofthewaysyourbodyregulates(调节)itstemperatureisthroughbloodvessels(血管)inyourskin.Ifthebraindecidesthebodyistoohot,itwillwidenbloodvessels,guidingwarmerbloodfromthebody’scoretotherestofthebodytocoolitdown.Ifthebodyistoocold,thebrainsignalstheoppositereaction,limitingtheflowofbloodtothesurface.Accordingtoresearchers,warmingthefeetbeforegoingtosleeppromotesvasodilation(血管舒张)byusingawarmfootbathorwearingsocks,whichinturnlowersthebody’scoretemperaturefasterthangoingtosleepwithcold,barefeet.Scientiststhinksockedfeetmayhaveaneurologicaleffectaswell.InsidethePO/AHofthebrainisatypeofawarm-sensitiveneuron(热敏神经元),helpingusfallasleepandstayasleep.Andifthat’sthecase,warmingupthefeetbeforebedtimegiveswarm-sensitiveneuronsanextrapower.Inastudy,Koreanresearchersfoundthatwearingapairofspecial“sleepingsocks”notonlyquickenedsleep,butlengthenedoverallsleeptimebyanaverageof30minutesandcutnighttimewakingperiodinhalf.12.What’stherelationshipbetweencorebodytemperatureandsleep?A.Onceyoucontrolyourcorebodytemperature,you’llfallasleepquickly.B.Thefasteryourcorebodytemperaturedrops,thefasteryou’llfallasleep.C.Thecorebodytemperaturedoesn’thaveanythingtodowithsleep.D.Thedecreaseofthecorebodytemperaturestopsfastsleep.13.Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitofsleepingwithapairofsocks?A.Loweringthebody’stemperaturegreatly.B.Reducingoverallsleeptime.C.Increasingnighttimewakingperiod.D.Speedingupyoursleep.14.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.People’sbodytemperaturegoesupatnight.B.Itmustbeuncomfortabletowearsocksinbed.C.Awarmfootbathmightbehelpfulbeforesleeping.D.Warm-sensitiveneuronshavenoeffectonsleep.15.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparison.D.Bygivingexplanations.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)Beingaleadercanbeexhausting.Servingasarolemodelcanleaveleadersfeelingtiredandinneedofrefreshment.____16____.Fortunately,researchprovidestheanswer.
Intheirleisuretime,leadersneedtostopdrawingontheresourcestheyusedupatwork.____17____.Forexample,BillGatestakesregular“ThinkWeeks”,duringwhichhestaysaloneinaremotecabin.____18____.Needscomeintwoforms—physicalandpsychological.Physicalneedsincludethingslikesleep.Anadequateamountofsleepmaybethemostimportantrecoverymechanism.Leadersalsohavethepsychologicalneedstofeelcompetentandtohavesatisfyingrelationships.ReshmaSaujanitheCEOofGirlsWhoCode,satisfiesherneedstofreelyselectactivitiesbyscheduling“metime”withherself.Leadersneedtorelax.____19____.Ifleadersareawayfromtheofficebutstillansweringemailsandrespondingtotexts,theycan’tgetpsychologicallyrelaxedandwon’tbefullyrefreshed.MarkCubanaccomplishesthisbyputtingawayhisphonewhenhe’sathome.Thisallowshimtodistancehimselffromwork.____20____.Hobbiesletustakeadvantageofresourcesthataredifferentfromthoseweuseatwork,satisfyourneedstofeelcompetentandfreelychoosehowtospendourtime,andmentallyabsorbourselvessoweforgetaboutourworkrolesandobligations.Anyhobbywilldo.A.PutworkoutoftheirmindB.ScientistshavecarriedoutsomeresearchC.HobbiesaretheonlysolutiontothequestionD.LeadersshouldgivethoseresourcesabreaktogetbacktotheirbestE.OneactivitythatcansatisfyalloftheserequirementsisahobbyF.LeadersneedtosatisfytheirneedsG.Thequestioniswhatisthebestwayforleaderstorefreshthemselves第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavesomestudentswhoareinadifficultstageoflife.OnestudentcalledSusie____21____.ItwasinOctoberandanafter-school____22____IstartedteachinginSeptemberwaswell____23____.Iwasinmy____24____whenSusiecamein.Icouldseesomethingwas____25____.“Ican’tstayafterschooltodaybecauseIhaveto____26____mylittlesisters,”Iassuredherthatitwouldnotbeaproblemforherto____27____it.Fiveminuteslater,Susiewalkedbackin.Ithoughtshehadleftsomethingbehindandaskedifshewasokay.Shesaidshewas____28____andwouldliketositinwhileshewaswaitingforhermothertopickherupIaskedSusieifshewouldliketo____29____it.Susieansweredshepreferrednotto.Susie______30______sitting
inwithusfortheentireactivity______31______.Whentheactivitywasoverandthestudentswere______32______gone,IaskedSusiewhyhermotherhadn’tcomeyet.Shetoldme,“Mydadwentoutdrinkingtwonightsagoandhasn’tbeenhomeyet.It’smy______33______totakecareofmysisters,andIthinkmymomisoutlookingfordad.”IwantedtomakesurethatSusiewasreallyokay.AfterIwas______34______thatshewas,Itoldher.“It’sokaytobetiredofbeingstrongfortheadultsinyourlife.It’sokaytobeangrybecauseyouareexpectedtodoadultthingsnow.It’sokaytobe______35______thatyourdadmaynotbeallright.Youareallowedtobefrustratedbecauseyouare______36______amessyoucan’tgetoutof.”Susiebeganto______37______.ThatSusie’sfamilywasfailingherdidn’tmeanSusiewould______38______.Iallowedhertoknowalittleofmychildhood.ShesawI’d______39______inmyownlifeandrealizedthattherewasagood______40______forher.21.A.growsupB.standsoutC.dropsoutD.breaksup22.A.interviewB.tourC.celebrationD.activity23.A.inadvanceB.invainC.underwayD.ondisplay24.A.officeB.homeC.companyD.store25.A.unfairB.funC.significantD.wrong26.A.lookafterB.turntoC.takeoverD.callfor27.A.admitB.understandC.missD.avoid28.A.freeB.pleasedC.embarrassedD.fine29.A.keepupwithB.participateinC.careaboutD.takeadvantageof30.A.focusedonB.putoffC.putupwithD.endedup31.A.argumentB.mealC.classD.conference32.A.finallyB.nervouslyC.abruptlyD.cautiously33.A.policyB.requestC.attemptD.responsibility34.A.confusedB.satisfiedC.annoyedD.astonished35.A.confidentB.gratefulC.patientD.afraid36A.stuckinB.curiousaboutC.fondofD.frightenedat37.A.moveB.escapeC.shakeD.cry38.A.laughB.leaveC.failD.complain39.A.stayedB.succeededC.survivedD.struggled40.A.symbolB.reasonC.supplyD.future
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChineseMedicineFoodMedicinefoodisauniquecookingstyleinChinesecuisine.Itisaperfect____41____(combine)ofChinesecookingandtraditionalChinesemedicinetogettheeffectsofhealthkeeping.Itisaskillfulapplicationoftheyinandyang(阴阳)theory____42____(strength)thefunctionoffoodandherbs.TheChinesesorteachtypeofvegetableandmeatintermsofyinandyang,andcombinevegetableswithmeat,____43____willmakeeachcookeddishbalanced.Duringthe5thcenturyBC,cookscreatedcuisineswithmedicalvaluesanddevelopedChineseartofcooking,____44____(use)thenatureoffoodtobalancethediet.Therewererulesonhowtoarrangedailydietandlistsofcertainherbsandvegetablesbeneficial____45____thebody.BytheSongdynasty,____46____wasrecordedthatmanydiseasescouldbecuredthroughproperdiet.Differentfoodsweresortedaccordingtotheiroriginalnature.Coldfoods____47____(believe)toremovefeverwhilewarmfoodsreducerunningnoses.Knowingthenatureofindividualfoods____48____(enable)theChinesetoeatrightfoodtoprotect____49____(vary)ofinsideorgansandbalancetheyinandyangofthebody.Forexample,sourfoodeasessomedisorders.____50____(slight)sweetfoodrelievesillnessrelatedtotheveinsandbitterfoodhelpstocureanoverheatedbody.第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Chengduisknownfora“laid-back”city.ArelaxingteahousecultureandalivelynightlifethatmixbeerbarsandSichuanoperashowscontributetotheiruniquecharm.HundredsofSichuandishesandspicyhotpotssureimpressvisitors.Ifluckyenough,onecanseemountainscoverbysnowfromthecityeveninsummer,whichisoneofthemostamazingsightthere.Thecityincreasedgreenspacesince2009asaresultofanairpollution.With
over10milliontouristsvisitthecityeveryyear,Chengduhassomuchtooffer.Unlessyouhavetime,youmaygotheretoexploreitbyyourself.第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华,你的留学生朋友Steven打算在你市找一家中国餐馆庆祝生日｡为此,他发邮件向你打听相关事宜｡请你用英语给他回封邮件，内容包括：1.表达祝愿；2.推荐餐馆(地址､价格､菜肴等)；3.建议预订｡注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数｡DearSteven,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours
