2023届江西省高三下学期稳派5月联考模拟预测英语Word版含解析.docx

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高三英语试卷(考试时间:120分钟试卷满分:150分)注意事项:1.答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后、再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.HowdoesAbelfeel?A.Confused.B.Pleased.C.Disappointed.2.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Playmore.B.Studyharder.C.Meetclassmates.3.Howistheweathernow?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.4Whatdoesthemansayabouthiswork?A.Itisinterestingbutbusy.B.Itisrelaxingbutlow-paid.C.Itisboringandtime-consuming.5.Whenwillthewomancometotheman’sparty?A.At7:40pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At8:20pm. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Designingasportsfield.B.Wheretowatchmovies.C.Wheretowatchfootballmatches.7.Whatmaybethemostexcitingpartoflivefootballmatchesaccordingtotheman?A.Theatmosphere.B.FootballfansC.Footballsongs.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题8.Howlongdopeoplewearwinterclotheseveryyearinthewoman’scountry?A.Fortwomonths.B.Forfourmonths.C.Forsixmonths.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheclothesintheman’scountry?A.Thickerthanthoseinhercountry.B.Morefashionablethanthoseinhercountry.C.Moreexpensivethanthoseinhercountry.10.Whatdopeopleinthespeakers’countrieshaveincommon?A.Theyareunfriendly.B.Theyspeakthesamelanguage.C.Theyworryaboutsomeofthesamethings.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.WhatdoesAlicelikereadingbestinthenewspapers?A.News,B.Sports.C.Entertainment.12.WhyisAlicereadingthenewspapersnow?A.Tohuntforajob.B.Tofindahighschool.C.Tolookfornewsaboutstars.13.WhatdoesHenryadviseAlicetodo?A.Stayathome.B.Stopstudying.C.Gotouniversity.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.HowoldwillMikebethisSaturday? A.8.B.18.C.80.15.WheredoesMikewanttocelebratehisbirthday?A.Inabar.B.Inhishome.C.Inarestaurant,16.WhichofthefollowingdoesJudysuggestbuying?A.Drinks.B.Flowers.C.Asalad.17.WhenwillMikeorderacake?A.OnSaturdaymorning.B.OnSaturdayafternoon.C.OnSundaymorning.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakerprobably?A.Abankmanager.B.Asupermarketmanager.C.Asupermarketdetective.19.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.Thecausesoftheft.B.Thepreventionoftheft.C.Thecharacteristicsofthieves.20.Whichmeasuredoesthespeakerplantotake?A.Loweringgoodsprices.B.PuttingalarmsongoodsC.Usingmonitoringequipment.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFromlife-savingmedicaltechnologiestoeverydayhouseholditems,thesefourbrilliantwomenleftanindeliblemarkonhistorywiththeirinventions.ModernironingboardbySarahBooneBeforetheinvention,clothingusedtobeironedonwoodenplanksbalancedbetweenchairs.Thoughitseemslikeasimpleinvention,Boneputalotofthoughtsintoit,whichwasevidentintheendproduct.Asidefromsolvingtheinitialproblemofunevenironing,Boonealsomadetheironingboard’slegsfoldedforstorageanddesignedacurved(弧形的)shapeforthebodytoaccommodatesleevesandcurvedareas.Alongsideherinvention,BoonealsobecameoneofthefirstAfrican-Americanwomantoreceiveapatent.SilkbyEmpressLeiZuThoughthereisnowayofconfirmingtheaccount,ancientwritings(includingConfucius’)attributethefirstinventionofsilktotheChineseEmpressLeiZu,whowasfour-teenatthetimeandhadbeenenjoyingteainthe imperialgardenswhenafatefulincidenttookplace.Acocoon(茧)fellintoherteacupandlostitscohesiveness(粘结性)uponcontactwiththehotwater.ThefactthatthecocoonwasasinglestrandofsilkhaddrawnLeiZu’sattentionandshewovethethreadintofabric,creatingsilkcloth.CallerIDandcallwaitingbyShirleyAnnJacksonDrShirleyAnnJacksonbroketheglassceilingasthefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantobeawardedadoctoratefromMIT.ShecontributedtotheinventionofcallerIDandcallwaitingduringherresearchperiodatAT&.TBellLaboratories,sowecannowseethephonenumberandnameofwhoeverisringingourphones.Spray-onskinrepairtechniquebyFionaWoodDrFionaWoodintroducedspray-onskinrepairtechniquetotheworldinthe1990s.Thetechniquechangedthewayinwhichburnvictimsusedtobetreated,asspray-onskinrepairtechniquecanbedirectlyappliedtowoundstoformanewlayerofskinthatpromoteshealingandminimisestheriskofinfection.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahBoone?A.Shelearnedalotfromironing.B.Shesolvedtheproblemofwashing.C.Shecreatedapieceofusefulfurniture.D.Shewasthefirstpersontoreceiveapatent.2.WhatinspiredLeiZutofindsilk?A.Herinterestindrinkingtea.B.Acocoondroppingintohercup.C.Adesiretowritesomethingcrucial.D.Herworkingintheimperialgardens.3.Whomadeacontributiontomedicalcause?A.SarahBoone.B.LeiZu.C.ShirleyAnnJackson.D.FionaWood.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Beforetheinvention,clothingusedtobeironedonwoodenplanksbalancedbetweenchairs.Thoughitseemslikeasimpleinvention,Booneputalotofthoughtsintoit,whichwasevidentintheendproduct.Asidefromsolvingtheinitialproblemofunevenironing,Boonealsomadetheironingboard’slegsfoldedforstorageanddesignedacurved(弧形的)shapeforthebodytoaccommodatesleevesandcurvedareas.(在发明之前，衣服是在椅子之间的木板上熨烫的。虽然这看起来像是一个简单的发明，但Boone在其中投入了很多想法，这在最终产品中是显而易见的。除了解决最初熨烫不均匀的问题外，Boone还将熨衣板的腿折叠起来存放，并为木板设计了一个弯曲的形状，以容纳袖子和弯曲的区域)”可知，SarahBoone发明的烫衣板是一件有用的家具。故选C项。 【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Acocoon(茧)fellintoherteacupandlostitscohesiveness(粘结性)uponcontactwiththehotwater.ThefactthatthecocoonwasasinglestrandofsilkhaddrawnLeiZu’sattentionandshewovethethreadintofabric,creatingsilkcloth.(一只茧掉进了她的茶杯里，一接触到热水就失去了粘性。蚕茧是一根单丝，这引起了嫘祖的注意，她把丝线织成织物，制成了丝绸)”可知，嫘祖在花园喝茶时，一只茧掉进了她的杯子里。这个意外让她发现了蚕丝。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“DrFionaWoodintroducedspray-onskinrepairtechniquetotheworldinthe1990s.(菲奥娜·伍德医生在20世纪90年代向世界介绍了皮肤喷雾修复技术)”可知，FionaWood首创了用喷雾治疗皮肤烧伤的技术，为医疗事业做出了贡献。故选D项。BMyfatherwasthekindofguywhocouldwalkintoaroomfullofstrangersandleavewithnewbestfriendsforlife!Hewasahardworkerandwasknownas“MrFix-It”toeveryone.Hewasalsooneofthemostcheerful,affable(和葛可亲的)andgentlepeopleyouwouldevermeet,whichmadeus,hisbeloveddaughtersfeelproud.ButwhenDadwasinhisfifties,myfamilybegantonoticehimstruggling.Hisworkandskillsbegantobecomeworseandworse,andhebecamedepressedandwithdrawn.ThiswasnotthemanIknew.Attheageoffifty-eight,Dadwasdiagnosedwithearly-onsetAlzheimer’sdisease.Asforourfamily,itwastheworst.OurfirststepwastoattendameetinghostedbytheAlzheimer’sAssociationtolearnmoreaboutthediseaseandprogramsthatmighthelpus.ThatmeetinginspiredmetostartaWalktoEndAlzheimer’s®team.ButIstillwantedtodomore.In2017,IbecameaboardmemberoftheAlzheimer’sAssociationDelawareValleyChapter.Thelossfromthisdiseaseisgradual.Myfather’sdeclinecontinuedforseveralyears.Losingmyfathermoreandmoreeachdaywasleavingabigholeinmyheartandmylife.Idecidedtofillthatholewithactiontohonormyfather.That’swhyIrecentlydecidedtoleaveagifttotheAlzheimer’sAssociationbynamingitasabeneficiaryofmyretirementplan.MyfuturegiftwillprovidemoneytosupportresearchbecauseIdon’twantanotherpersoninmyfamilyorsomeoneinotherfamiliestohavetosufferfromAlzheimer’sdisease.IamsoproudtobeabletohonormyfatherandotherfamilymemberswholosttheirfightstoAlzheimer’sinthisway.Mydadwasaninspirationtome,andIhope,throughmygift,IcaninspireotherstojoininthefighttoendAlzheimer’s.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sfatherbeforehavingAlzheimer’s?A.Hewasanoutgoingman.B.Hehikedwithstrangers. C.Hemadealivingbysales.D.Hewasapopularrepairerofcars.5.Whatdidtheauthorinitiallydoforherfather’sdisease?A.Sheconsultedmanyexperts.B.Sheestablishedaresearchteam.C.Shegainedmorerelevantinformation.D.ShefundedtheAlzheimer’sAssociation.6.WhatgiftdoestheauthorleavetotheAlzheimer’sAssociation?A.Researchfundsforthedisease.B.Arecordofherfather’smentalstate.C.Herresearchpapersonfamilieslikehers.D.Experts’suggestionsonherfather’sdisease.7.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelastparagraph?A.Herpreciousgift.B.Herfather’sfirmconfidence.C.Herfutureexpectation.D.Herfather’soriginalmotivation.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病，在了解这种疾病和逐渐“失去”父亲的过程中，作者投入到与阿尔茨海默病相关的慈善事业中，并呼吁人们参与其中。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Myfatherwasthekindofguywhocouldwalkintoaroomfullofstrangersandleavewithnewbestfriendsforlife!(我父亲是那种可以走进一间满是陌生人的房间，离开时却能交到一辈子最好的朋友的人！)”可推知，作者的父亲在患病前是一个善于交际的人，外向的人。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“OurfirststepwastoattendameetinghostedbytheAlzheimer’sAssociationtolearnmoreaboutthediseaseandprogramsthatmighthelpus.(我们的第一步是参加由阿尔茨海默氏症协会主办的会议，了解更多关于这种疾病的知识和可能帮助我们的项目)”可知，作者在父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病后，最初去参加了阿尔茨海默病协会主办的会议，以了解更多关于该疾病的信息。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第五段“That’swhyIrecentlydecidedtoleaveagifttotheAlzheimer’sAssociationbynamingitasabeneficiaryofmyretirementplan.MyfuturegiftwillprovidemoneytosupportresearchbecauseIdon’twantanotherpersoninmyfamilyorsomeoneinotherfamiliestohavetosufferfromAlzheimer’sdisease.(这就是为什么我最近决定给阿尔茨海默氏症协会留下一份礼物，把它命名为我退休计划的受益人的原因。我未来的礼物将提供资金支持研究，因为我不希望我的家人或其他家庭的人患上阿尔茨海默病)”可知，作者留给了阿尔茨海默氏症协会研究该疾病的经费。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“IamsoproudtobeabletohonormyfatherandotherfamilymemberswholosttheirfightstoAlzheimer’sinthisway.Mydadwasaninspirationtome,andIhope,throughmygift,Icaninspireotherstojoininthefighttoend Alzheimer’s.(我很自豪能够以这种方式纪念我的父亲和其他与阿尔茨海默氏症斗争失败的家庭成员。我的父亲鼓舞了我，我希望，通过我的礼物，我可以激励其他人加入到结束阿尔茨海默氏症的斗争中来)”可推知，作者在最后一段的重点是阐述她对未来的期盼。故选C。CConifers(针叶树)aregenerallybetterthanbroad-leavedtreesatpurifyingairfrompollutants.Butdeciduous(落叶的)treesmaybebetterattakinginparticle-boundpollution.AnewstudyledbytheUniversityofGothenburgshowsthatthebesttreesforairpurificationdependonthetypeofpollutantsinvolved.Treesandothergreenerincitiesprovidemanybenefitsthatareimportantforthewell-beingofresidents.Leavesandneedledontreesfilterairpollutantsandreduceexposuretopoisonoussubstanceintheair.Butwhichtreespurifytheairmosteffectively?ResearchersfromtheUniversityofGothenburghavecollectedleavesandneedlefromelevendifferenttreesgrowinginthesameplaceintheGothenburgBotanicalGarden(GBG)toanalysewhichcub-stancestheyhaveabsorbed.“Thistreecollectionprovidedauniqueopportunitytotestmanydifferentspeciesoftreeswithsimilarenvironmentalconditionsandexposuretoairpollutants,”saidJennyKlingberg,aresearcheroftheGBGAtotalof32differentpollutantswereanalysed,someofwhichareboundtoarticlesofvarioussizes.Othersaregaseous.Thisprojecthasfocusedonpaths(多环芳烃).Incities,trafficisthebiggestsourceofthesepollutants,whicharereleasedduetoincompleteburninginengines.“Ouranalysisshowthatdifferentspeciesoftreeshavedifferentabilitiestoabsorbairpollutants.Conifersgenerallyabsorbmorngaseouspathsthanbroad-leavedtrees.Anotheradvantageofconifersisthattheyalsoactasairpurifiesinwinter,whenairpollutionisusuallyatitshighest,”saidJennyKlingberg.“Thisstudycontributestoimprovingourunderstandingoftheabilityoftreestocleantheairandwhichspeciesarebestatabsorbingairpollutants,”saidJennyKlingberg.Thisknown-edgeisimportantforurbanplanningwhendesigningsustainablecities.Whiletreesandgreen-eracancontributetobetterairqualityincities,attheendoftheday,themostimportantmeasureistoreduceemissions.8.Whichisthedeterminingfactorinchoosingthemostsuitabletriestopurifyair?A.Airquality.B.Geographicallocation.C.Theheightofplants.D.Thekindofpollutants.9.WhydidtheresearcherscollectleavesandneedledfromGBG?A.Tocomparetheirshapes.B.Tocreateatreecollection.C.Tofigureoutwhattheyabsorb.D.Todisplaythemonexhibition.10.Whatmaycausemorepathstobereleased?A.Fuelvehicle’s.B.Electricengines.C.Trafficaccidents.D.Completeburning.11.Whatisthemosteffectivewaytobetterairqualityincities? A.Decreasingemissions.B.Plantingmoreconifers.C.Raisingpublicawareness.D.Designingsustainablecities.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍哥德堡大学的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Conifers(针叶树)aregenerallybetterthanbroad-leavedtreesatpurifyingairfrompollutants.Butdeciduous(落叶的)treesmaybebetterattakinginparticle-boundpollution.AnewstudyledbytheUniversityofGothenburgshowsthatthebesttreesforairpurificationdependonthetypeofpollutantsinvolved.(针叶树通常比阔叶树更能净化空气中的污染物。但是落叶树木在吸收微粒污染方面可能做得更好。哥德堡大学领导的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型)”可知，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofGothenburghavecollectedleavesandneedlefromelevendifferenttreesgrowinginthesameplaceintheGothenburgBotanicalGarden(GBG)toanalysewhichcub-stancestheyhaveabsorbed.(哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园(GBG)同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子和针叶，以分析它们吸收了哪些物质)”可知，哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园内同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子，目的是分析它们吸收了哪些物质。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Atotalof32differentpollutantswereanalysed,someofwhichareboundtoarticlesofvarioussizes.Othersaregaseous.Thisprojecthasfocusedonpaths(多环芳烃).Incities,trafficisthebiggestsourceofthesepollutants,whicharereleasedduetoincompleteburninginengines.(总共分析了32种不同的污染物，其中一些与不同大小的物品结合在一起。还有一些是气态的。这个项目的重点是路径。在城市中，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，这些污染物是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放的)”可知，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，它们是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放出来的。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Whiletreesandgreen-eracancontributetobetterairqualityincities,attheendoftheday,themostimportantmeasureistoreduceemissions.(虽然树木和绿色时代有助于改善城市的空气质量，但归根结底，最重要的措施是减少排放)”可知，改善城市空气质量的最有效方法减少排放。故选A。 DDiplomacy(外交)isanart.Itrequiresnotonlystrategy,butalsootheraspects,includingintuition,persuasion,andeventricks,humanskillsthathavelongbeenunreachabletoeventhemostpowerfulartificialintelligence(AI)approaches.Now,anAIalgorithm(算法)fromahigh-techcompanyhasshownitcanbeatmanyhumansinagameofdiplomacy,whichrequiredbothstrategicplanningandnegotiationswithotherplayers.Thework,researcherssaid,couldpointthewaytowardvirtualexercisecoachesandconflictmediators(调解员).AIhasalreadybeatenhumansinsomegamesofstrategy.Itisalsoprovingpowerfulatnatural-languageprocessing,inwhichitcangeneratehumanliketextandcarryonconversations.Inthegameofdiplomacy,sevenplayersviedforcontrolofEurope.Oneachturn,playersissuedordersregardingthemovementofarmyandnavalunits,followingdiscussionwithotherplayers,whomtheycouldattackorsupport.TherearetwotechnicalinnovationsnotedbyJonathanGratch,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniawhostudiesnegotiationagents.First,theAlagent’scom-municationisgroundedinmultistepplanning.Second.theAlagentkeepsitsremarksandgameplaywithintherangeofhumancommonpractice.Totestitsskill,theresearchershadtheAlagentplay40onlinegamesagainsthumans.Itplacedinthetop10%ofplayerswho’dplayedatleasttwogames.“Inagamethatinvolveslanguageandnegotiation,thatagentscanreachhumanequallevelisveryexciting,”saidYu,acomputerscientistatColumbiaUniversity.AccordingtoBrown,acomputerscientistatthecompanywhoco-authoredthepaper,theworkcouldleadtopracticalapplicationsinfieldsthatnowrequireahumantouch.Onespecificexampleisthatvirtualpersonalassistantsmighthelpconsumersnegotiateforbetterpricesonplanetickets.GratchandYubothseeopportunitiesforagentsthatpersuadepeopletomakehealthychoicesoropenupduringtherapy.12.Whoislikelytobenefitfromtheresearchwork?A.Afamouscyberathlete.B.Aprofessorofcivillaw.C.Aprofessionalaccountant.D.Avirtualfitnessinstructor.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vied”meaninparagraph2?A.Accounted.B.Apologized.C.Searched.D.Competed.14.WhydoestheauthormentionAIagent?A.TounderstandthethoughtofAI.B.ToillustratetheadvantagesofAI.C.TodescribetheimportanceofAI.D.TointroducethestrategyofAI.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Diplomacy,aPopularGameB.AILearnstheArtofDiplomacyCAlWillBecomeaPerfectDiplomatD.AnExcellentGamePlayer 【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了人工智能具有了谈判和其他一些外交技能。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thework,researcherssaid,couldpointthewaytowardvirtualexercisecoachesandconflictmediators(调解员).(研究人员表示，这项工作可能会为虚拟运动教练和冲突调解人指明方向)”可知，虚拟健身教练可能从这项研究工作中受益。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Inthegameofdiplomacy,sevenplayers(在外交游戏中，七名玩家)”和下文“controlofEurope(控制欧洲)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“在外交游戏中，七名选手争夺对欧洲的控制权”。由此可知，划线词vied的意思是“竞争”，和competed意思相近，故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“First,theAlagent’scom-municationisgroundedinmultistepplanning.Second.theAlagentkeepsitsremarksandgameplaywithintherangeofhumancommonpractice.(首先，人工智能主体的通信建立在多步骤规划的基础上。第二。人工智能代理将其言论和游戏玩法保持在人类通常做法的范围内)”和第四段“Totestitsskill,theresearchershadtheAlagentplay40onlinegamesagainsthumans.Itplacedinthetop10%ofplayerswho’dplayedatleasttwogames.“Inagamethatinvolveslanguageandnegotiation,thatagentscanreachhumanequallevelisveryexciting,”saidYu,acomputerscientistatColumbiaUniversity.(为了测试它的技能，研究人员让人工智能和人类玩了40场在线游戏。它在至少玩过两款游戏的玩家中排名前10%。“在一个涉及语言和谈判的游戏中，智能体能达到与人类相当的水平是非常令人兴奋的，”哥伦比亚大学的计算机科学家Yu说)”可推知，作者提到人工智能代理是为了说明人工智能的优势。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Now,anAIalgorithm(算法)fromahigh-techcompanyhasshownitcanbeatmanyhumansinagameofdiplomacy,whichrequiredbothstrategicplanningandnegotiationswithotherplayers.Thework,researcherssaid,couldpointthewaytowardvirtualexercisecoachesandconflictmediators(调解员).(现在，一家高科技公司的人工智能算法显示，它可以在外交游戏中击败许多人类，这需要战略规划和与其他玩家的谈判。研究人员表示，这项工作可能会为虚拟运动教练和冲突调解人指明方向)”可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能具有的谈判和其他一些外交技能。由此可知，最好的标题是B选项“AILearnstheArtofDiplomacy(人工智能学会了外交艺术)”。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtoprepareforathrillinghike?Hikingneedsmentalandphysicalpreparationweeksbeforethematerialday.Ifyou’reafanofhikingmountains.Hereisaguidetohelpyou.TrainhardandtrainintimeYouneedtotrainyourbodyatleastthreemonthsbeforethechallenge.___16___Youcanstartwithbabystepsandgraduallytakemoredemandingexercisesanddistance.Youcanoftencarryyourhikingsticktopromotestability.Keeptrackofyourprogresstohelpyouachieveyourgoal.Chooseyourclothescarefully___17___.Wearlightabsorbentpantstoreducefrictionandpromoteabsorptionofsweat.Longpantskeepyousafefromstingingweeds,insectsandtoughweather.___18___Youmustconsidervariousfactorsbeforepurchasingthemostappropriatehikingshoes.First,mindtheterrain(地形)ofthehikingground.Amildterrainwilldofinewithlightshoes.Ontheotherhand.Atough,hardandmountainousterrainrequirehardyhotstohelpnavigatetherockygrounds.AdequatelypackyourbagYourbagisyourlifelinewhenhiking.Wateristhemostessentialitchwhenhiking.Thebodyperformsbestwhenyouhydratefrequentlythroughoutthechallenge.Carryadequatecleanwaterandsipoften.___19___Theseareprimarytoolstohelpyoufindyourway,waterpoints,emergencytowers,andotherplaces.Hopeforthelestbutalwaysprepareforever-agencies.Thus,ensureyouhaveaflashlight,alighterandawhistle.Hikingisarefreshingwayofkeepingfit,havingfunandbuildingresilience.___20___A.ChooseappropriatefootwearB.SearchfortherouteyouwillhehikingC.CarryacompassamapandagaswithyouD.AdequatewatercanhelpyoubeingoodconlitionE.createaregularscheduleandbedisciplinedtofollowitF.WearappropriateclothesthatallowyourfreemovementG.Adequateplanningwillhelphaveafantasticexperienceofit【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何为惊险的徒步旅行做准备。【16题详解】 根据上文“Youneedtotrainyourbodyatleastthreemonthsbeforethechallenge.(在挑战开始前，你至少需要提前三个月训练你的身体。)”和下文“Youcanstartwithbabystepsandgraduallytakemoredemandingexercisesanddistance.(你可以从小步开始，逐渐进行更多的练习并增加距离。)”可推测设空处应该是制定训练计划，然后按时训练，E项“制订一个有规律的时间表，并严格遵守。”符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】根据本段标题“Chooseyourclothescarefully(仔细选择你的衣服)”和下文“Wearlightabsorbentpantstoreducefrictionandpromoteabsorptionofsweat.(穿轻薄的裤子可以减少摩擦，促进汗水的吸收)”可知本段主要讲要穿适合的衣服，F项“穿合适的，能让你自由活动的衣服。”符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据下文“Youmustconsidervariousfactorsbeforepurchasingthemostappropriatehikingshoes.(在购买最合适的登山鞋之前，你必须考虑各种因素。)”可知本段是关于如何选择鞋子的，所以A项“选择合适的鞋”是本段的主题。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Theseareprimarytoolstohelpyoufindyourway,waterpoints,emergencytowers,andotherplaces.(这些都是帮助你找到方向、供水点、应急塔和其他地方的主要工具。)”可知，设空处应是要携带的工具，C项“随身携带指南针、地图和GPS。”符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Hikingisarefreshingwayofkeepingfit,havingfunandbuildingresilience.(徒步旅行是一种可以让人保持健康、享受乐趣和增强复原力的方式。)”可知后文是对前面进行总结，所以只有计划好，才会有一个美好的徒步旅行体验，G项“充分的计划将有助于获得美妙的户外体验。”符合语境。故选G。第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theworldisfullofopportunities.Ignoringthemorseizingonedependsonone’sattitude.Mikeseizedthechanceanddidwhathewantedtodo.Mikeusedtobeajanitor(看门人)ata(n)___21___school.Hecollectedandclearedawaythe___22___fortheschooltoo.Thisschoolhasa___23___placeinMike’sheart.Hewenttothisschoolasayoungboyandwasa___24___therefor19years.However,beforehiscareerinteaching,he___25___inthesameschoolasajanitor.Hehasalwaysbeengoodat___26___withstudents.Theylovedchattingwithhimandtheytreatedhimlikea___27___. Seeingthis,theteachers___28___himtopursueateachingcareer.Afteryearsofhardworkandfierce___29___,Mikefinishedhisdegreein2003and____30____ateachingjobattheelementaryschoolafterhe____31____withadegree.Sincethen,hehasbecomeaconstant____32____intheschool,Mikefoundteachingavery____33____job,Forhim,itwasimportantthatthestudentsgrowupnotjustrememberingthe____34____butalsohowateachermadethemfeel.Mikewasexcitedtoteachthechildrenattheschoolandwas____35____toteachthefifthgrade.Hewasshockedwhenthedirectorsofferedhimthe____36____ofprincipalaweekbeforetheschoolyearstarted.“Iam____37____grateful.Idon’tdoanythingspecial.Ijust____38____andtrymybest,”saidMike.Hewasalsoveryexcitedtotakeonthechallengesofbeingthenew____39____oftheschool,assumenewresponsibilitiesandhelp____40____theschool.21.A.secondaryB.advancedC.particularD.elementary22.A.bagB.mouseC.refuseD.beggar23.A.specialB.formalC.mobileD.confusing24.A.guardB.cleanerC.teacherD.cook25.A.livedB.workedC.studiedD.arrived26.A.quarrellingB.debatingC.fightingD.communicating27.A.boyB.studentC.friendD.citizen28.A.commandedB.encouragedC.constructedD.allowed29.A.determinationB.appreciationC.sufferingD.impression30.A.rejectedB.obtainedC.offeredD.reformed31.A.quitB.respondedC.hesitatedD.graduated32.A.candidateB.reporterC.figureD.cyclist33.A.convincingB.rewardingC.disturbingD.entertaining34.A.sufferingsB.classmatesC.pleasuresD.lessons35.A.preparedB.guidedC.pressedD.depressed36.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior37.A.despairinglyB.trulyC.nearlyD.exactly38.A.letinB.getoutC.actasideD.showup39.A.operatorB.visitorC.leaderD.performer40.A.improveB.searchC.attainD.rebuild【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B 31.D32.C33.B34.D35.A36.A37.B38.D39.C40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Mike抓住了属于自己的机会，从一名小学的看门人做到了该小学的校长。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mike过去是一所小学的看门人。A.secondary次要的；B.advanced高级的；C.particular特别的；D.elementary初级的。根据下文“Mikefinishedhisdegreein2003and___10___ateachingjobattheelementaryschoolafterhe___11___withadegree.”可知是在小学当看门人，是elementary的词汇复现，故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也为学校收集和清理垃圾。A.bag书包；B.mouse老鼠；C.refuse垃圾；D.beggar乞丐。根据上文“Hecollectedandclearedaway”可推测他还帮学校清理垃圾，故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所学校在Mike心中有着特殊的地位。A.special特殊的；B.formal正式的；C.mobile活动的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“Hewenttothisschoolasayoungboyandwasa___4___therefor19years.”可知是这所学校在Mike心中很特殊，故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他小时候就进了这所学校，在那里当了19年的老师。A.guard看守；B.cleaner保洁员；C.teacher老师；D.cook厨师。根据下文“However,beforehiscareerinteaching”可知是教师的工作，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他的教学生涯之前，他在同一所学校做过看门人。A.lived居住；B.worked工作；C.studied学习；D.arrived到达。根据下文“inthesameschoolasajanitor”可知是做看门人的工作，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直很善于与学生沟通。A.quarrelling争吵；B.debating辩论；C.fighting斗争；D.communicating沟通。根据下文“Theylovedchattingwithhim”可知他善于和学生沟通，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢和他聊天，把他当作朋友。A.boy男孩；B.student学生；C.friend朋友；D.citizen公民。根据上文“Theylovedchattingwithhim”可知是把他当作朋友，故选C。【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这一点，老师们鼓励他从事教学事业。A.commanded命令；B.encouraged鼓励；C.constructed组成；D.allowed允许。根据上文可知他善于与学生沟通，学生也喜欢和他聊天，所以看到这些，老师们应是鼓励他从事教学事业，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力和坚定的决心，Mike在2003年完成了他的学位，并在毕业后找到了一份在小学教书的工作。A.determination决心；B.appreciation欣赏；C.suffering遭遇；D.impression印象。根据前文可知Mike是一个看门人，所以应该是经过多年的努力和坚定的决心才能完成这样的学位，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.rejected拒绝；B.obtained获得；C.offered提供；D.reformed改革。根据上文“Mikefinishedhisdegreein2003”可知是拿到学位，获得教学的工作，故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.quit放弃；B.responded回应；C.hesitated犹豫；D.graduated毕业。根据上文“ateachingjobattheelementaryschool”说明他毕业了，获得了学位，才能当上教师，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他成了学校里固定的一员。A.candidate候选人；B.reporter记者；C.figure人物，人士；D.cyclist骑自行车的人。根据上文可知他毕业了，获得了学位，当上这所学校的小学教师，所以是成为这个学习力固定的一员，故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mike发现教书是一份很有价值的工作。A.convincing有说服力的；B.rewarding值得的；C.disturbing恼人的；D.entertaining有趣的。根据下文“Forhim,itwasimportantthatthestudentsgrowupnotjustrememberingthe___14___butalsohowateachermadethemfeel.”可知他悟出了教学的真谛，由此推知，他认为教书是一份很有价值的工作，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，重要的是让学生在成长过程中不仅记住课程，而且记住老师给他们的感受。A.sufferings遭遇；B.classmates同学；C.pleasures乐事；D.lessons课程。根据常识可知老师教授的是课程，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mike很高兴能在学校教孩子们，并准备教五年级。A.prepared准备；B.guided指导；C.pressed催促；D.depressed使抑郁。根据上文“Mikewasexcitedtoteachthechildrenattheschool”可知对于教学工作，他已经准备好了，故选A。 【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当董事们在新学年开始前一周请他担任校长时，他很震惊。A.role职能；B.desire欲望；C.concern关心；D.behavior行为。根据下文“ofprincipal”可知是职能，故选A。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很感激。我没做什么特别的事。我只是出现并尽我最大的努力，”Mike说。A.despairingly绝望地；B.truly真地；C.nearly几乎；D.exactly确切地。根据下文“Idon’tdoanythingspecial.Ijust___18___andtrymybest”可知他非常感激的能提出让他当校长，故选B。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.letin加进；B.getout逃离；C.actaside撇开；D.showup出现。根据“Idon’tdoanythingspecial.”可知他想表达的是他没做什么特别的事情，只是恰好出现，故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也非常兴奋地接受了作为学校新领导的挑战，承担了新的责任，帮助学校发展。A.operator操作员；B.visitor参观者；C.leader领导；D.performer表演者。根据上文可知董事们在新学年开始前一周请他担任校长，所以可知是领导，故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.improve改善，提高；B.search寻找；C.attain获得；D.rebuild重建。根据上文“Hewasalsoveryexcitedtotakeonthechallengersofbeingthenew___19___oftheschool,”可知他接受当校长，所以是要帮助学校发展，提高，故选A。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Whenwasthelasttimeyoublewtoohigh___41___aswingandlostyourstomach,orburstoutlaughingsohardthatyoustartcrying?Alotofusmaybestillrecoveringfromantisocialhabits___42___(form)inthetoughtime.Andsofar,someeventsoutofourcontrol___43___(have)abadeffectonourhealth.Lastfall,76%ofadultssurveyedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationsaidstressfrompolitics.racerelationsandviolencehadaffectedtheirhealth.Theyreported___44___(experience)headaches,depression,nervousnessandexhaustion.But___45___(solution)maybehidinginplainsight.Tworecentbooksarguethatmakingroomformorefuninyourlifecouldcounteract(抵消)boththestressandthetendency___46___(escape)itbyzoningoutonline.InabookpublishedinJanuary,psychologistMiketruckermakesthecasethatpursuitoffunexperiencesmaybeevenmorevaluablethanseekingthesometimesabstractgoalofhappiness.InRucker’sopinion,happinessis___47___stateofmind.Butfunissomethingwecandofor___48___(we).Itdoesn’trequireeducation,moneyor power.Allitrequiresisintentionality.We___49___(actual)ignoretheimportanceoffun.Wearesocasualandcarelessabout____50____weusethingsaroundustomakeusfun,butitisimportantforourhappinessandhealth.【答案】41.on42.formed43.havehad##havebeenhaving44.experiencing45.solutions46.toescape47.a48.ourselves49.actually50.how【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了现如今人们压力过大的不良情况以及解决办法，从而强调乐趣对于我们的重要性。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：你上次因为在秋千上荡得太高而吓破了胆，或者大笑到哭泣是什么时候？分析句子可知，swing是名词意为“秋千”，设空处想要表达在秋千上面，因此，需填介词与其搭配。故填on。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们中的大部分人可能仍正从在困难时期形成的反社会习惯中恢复。分析句子可知，设空处用非谓语动词作后置定语，habits和form构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以此处要用该词的过去分词形式。故填formed。43题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，一些我们无法控制的事情对我们的健康产生了很坏影响。分析句子可知，设空处需填动词作谓语，而且本句中的sofar作为时间状语意为“截止到目前为止”，因此设空处需填现在完成时或现在完成进行时来与时间段搭配，表示该动作已经发生或强调对未来仍有影响。故填havehad/havebeenhaving。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们报告说有过头痛、抑郁、紧张和疲惫的经历。分析句子可知，本句中reported为动词，因此设空处需用动名词作宾语。故填experiencing。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：但是解决办法可能就在藏在众目睽睽之下。分析句子可知，本句话中缺少主语，因此设空处需填名词，而solution意为“解决办法”，是可数名词，所以此处要用其复数形式。故填 solutions。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的两本书表明，为你的生活腾出更多空间去寻乐可以通过上网去抵消压力和逃避压力的倾向。分析句子可知，设空处需填非谓语动词，而且thetendencytodo意为“做某事的倾向”，是固定搭配。故填toescape。【47题详解】考查冠词。句意：在Rucker的观念看来，幸福是一种精神状态。分析句子可知，state是以辅音音素开头的名词，意为“状态”，而且此处表泛指，因此设空处需填不定冠词。故填a。【48题详解】考查代词。句意：但快乐是我们可以为我们自身所做的事情。分析句子可知，设空处与主语指代相同，所以用反身代词。故填ourselves。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：实际上，我们忽略了快乐的重要性。分析句子可知，句中并不缺少成分，且设空处的ignore为动词，意为“忽略”，修饰动词要用副词，因此设空处需填副词作状语。故填actually。【50题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们对于如何利用周围的事来使我们开心十分随意和粗心，但是这对我们的幸福和健康都很重要。分析句子可知，设空处需填引导词来引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需要用连接副词how引导。故填how。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分,满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:作错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面33出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastmonth,IfinishreadingRomanceoftheThreeKingdomswritingbyLuoGuanzhong.ItisaChinesehistoricalnovelbasedupontheeventswhathappenedbetweenthelateEasternHanDynastyortheThreeKingdoms.hispraisedasoneoftheFourGreatClassicalNovelsofChineseliterature.I’velearnedalotoffromthenovel.Ireallylikereading,whichcanbroadenyourhorizonandmakemelearnknowledges.Agoodbookis likeawiseman,ateacher,afriendandapartner.Idoadvisechoseagoodbooktoread.lfeveryonedoesitregular,thehistorycultureandmanyotheraspectswillhandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.【答案】1.finish→finished2.writing→written3.what→which/that4.or→and5.删除lot后的of6.your→my7.knowledges→knowledge8.chose→choosing9.regular→regularly10.在will后加be【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍自己读完了罗贯中《三国演义》之后的感悟。【详解】1.考查时态。句意：上个月，我读完了罗贯中的《三国演义》。根据句子的时间状语Lastmonth可知本句用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式finished。故将finish改为finished。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，非谓语动词write做后置定语修饰前面的名词短语RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms，且和其是动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词表被动。故将writing改为written。3.考查定语从句。句意：这是一部中国历史小说，以东汉末年至三国之间发生的事件为基础。分析句子可知，events后是一个限制性定语从句，先行词theevents为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以此处要用关系代词which或that。故将what改为which/that。4.考查连词。句意：这是一部中国历史小说，以东汉末年至三国之间发生的事件为基础。没有“between…or…”短语。between…and…意为“在……和……之间”，故将or改为and。5.考查介词。句意：我从这本小说中学到了很多东西。alotof后接名词，alot后不接名词，本句of后没有名词，所以需要删除of。故删除lot后的of。6.考查代词。句意：我真的很喜欢阅读，它可以拓宽我的视野，让我学到知识。根据上下文语境可知，horizon前的形容词性物主代词指代对象和主语I一致，所以要用my。故将your改为my。7.考查名词。句意：我真的很喜欢阅读，它可以拓宽我的视野，让我学到知识。knowledge意为“知识”，是不可数名词。故将knowledges改为knowledge。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：我建议你选一本好书来读。advise后接动名词形式作宾语。故将chose改为 choosing。9.考查副词。句意：如果每个人都经常这样做，历史、文化和许多其他方面将代代相传。修饰动词does要用副词作状语。故将regular改为regularly。10.考查语态。句意：如果每个人都经常这样做，历史、文化和许多其他方面将代代相传。分析句子可知，主语cultureandmanyotheraspects和谓语动词hand是动宾关系，所以本句要用被动语态。故将will后加be。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华。你校英语角上个月举办了为期一个月的关于二十四节气(24solarterms)的系列讲座。请你为校英文报写一篇短文报道此事，内容包括：1.活动的目的；2.活动的内容；3.活动的反响。注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文题目已为你写好。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ASeriesofLecturesonthe24SolarTermsTomakeloversofChinesetraditionalculturehaveadeepunderstandingofthe24solartermsandgraspthetermsinEnglish,theEnglishcornerinourschoolhostedaseriesoflectureslastmonth.Englishteachersinourschoolgaveeightsplendidlecturesfrom4:00pmto5:00pmeveryThursdayandFriday.Teachersgivingthelecturesdidanadequatepreparation.Thelecturescoveredafundofknowledge,includingtheirhistoricalorigins,climatechangesandfarmingactivitiesduringeachsolartermandcustomsindifferentprovinces.Studentsthoughthighlyofthelectures,fromwhichtheylearnedalot.TheyrealizedChinesetraditionalculturewasattractive.Theywishtherewillbemorelecturesaboutit.【解析】【导语】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华。你校英语角上个月举办了为期一个月的关于二十四节气(24solarterms)的系列讲座。请你为校英文报写一篇短文报道此事，内容包括：1.活动的目的；2.活动的内容；3.活动的反响。【详解】1.词汇积累理解：grasp→comprehend包括：including→consistingof很多：afundof→alotof重视：thinkhighlyof→attachimportanceto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Teachersgivingthelecturesdidanadequatepreparation.拓展句：Teacherswhogavethelecturesdidanadequatepreparation.【点睛】【高分句型1】TomakeloversofChinesetraditionalculturehaveadeepunderstandingofthe24solartermsandgraspthetermsinEnglish,theEnglishcornerinourschoolhostedaseriesoflectureslastmonth.（运用了不定式作目的状语）【高分句型2】Studentsthoughthighlyofthelectures,fromwhichtheylearnedalot.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）