2023届山东省淄博市高三下学期三模英语 Word版含解析.docx

《2023届山东省淄博市高三下学期三模英语 Word版含解析.docx》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

高三仿真英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExperienceCreativeWritingAcademyDoyoulovecreativewriting?OxfordScholastica’sExperienceCreativeWritingAcademywilldevelopyourwritingskillswhilegivingyouagenuineuniversityexperience.Oxfordhaslonginspiredmanyofthegreatestwriters—fromC.S.LewistoJ.R.R.Tolkien.Giveyourself,thechancetoletOxford’smagicworkitswayintoyourownwritingskills.KeyFactsLocation:UniversityofOxfordcampusAges:16-18Length:2weeksDates:2nd-15thJuly,16th-29thJuly,30thJuly-12thAugust2023Receive:GraduationCertificate&LetterofRecommendationLearningContentsOurcoursescombineOxford-styleteachingwithpracticalchallengesanddebates.Smallclasssizes(Maximum15students)andexperttutorshelpyoudivedeepintoyourchosensubjectarea.BytakingourExperienceCreativeWritingcourses,you’llgetto：●Masterkeyconceptssuchashowtowriteeffectivedialogue,createfictionalworldsanddevelopabookseries—allundertheguidanceofoneofourexperttutors.●Developskillsinhighdemandbyuniversitiesandemployers,suchaspublicspeaking,criticalthinkingandteamwork,viaourMasterclasses.●Puzzlethroughthechallengesthatwritersfacewhenwritingabookseries. ●Workcollaborativelywithyourpeersina“writer’sroom”tocomeupwithelementsforanongoingbookseries.ReserveYourSpotReadyforalife-changingeducationalexperience?Studentsfromaroundtheworldhavealreadyregisteredforourcoursesthisyear.ApplyinminutesandreserveaspotforOxford’sratedsummerschoolprograms.Jointhemandapplynow.Clickhere.1.WhyareC.S.LewisandJ.R.R.Tolkienmentioned?A.Tostatetheimportanceofwriting.B.Toshowtheircontributions.C.TointroducethecelebritiesofOxford.D.ToemphasizetheinspirationofOxford.2.What’sthefeatureofthecourses?A.Learningwithprofessionalguidance.B.Improvingwritingskillsintwomonths.C.Teamworkforpublishingbookseries.D.Experttutors’instructionsinallsubjects.3.What’stheintentionofthetext?A.Inspiringwritingcreativity.B.Advertisingthewritingcourses.C.Explainingtheentrancetothecourses.D.RecommendingrequiredcoursesofOxford.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则为牛津大学的体验创意写作学院做宣传的广告。1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第三句中的“Oxfordhaslonginspiredmanyofthegreatestwriters(牛津大学长期以来激发了许多最伟大的作家)”可知，提到C.S.刘易斯和J.R.R.托尔金是为了强调牛津大学的启发性。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据LearningContents部分中的“Smallclasssizes(Maximum15students)andexperttutorshelpyoudivedeepintoyourchosensubjectarea.(小班制（最多15名学生）和专业导师帮助你深入研究所选的学科领域。)”可知，课程的特点是在专业指导下学习。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“ExperienceCreativeWritingAcademy(体验创意写作学院)”和最后两句“Jointhemandapplynow.Clickhere.(现在就加入他们并申请吧。请点击这里。)”可知，文章的目的是宣传写作课程。故选B。B WhenZhiYueying,then19,wenttotheremoteNiyangvillageinYichuncity,Jiangxiprovince,toworkasavillageteacherin1980,villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Overthepastfourdecades,Zhihasdevotedherselftoruraleducation.SheisarecipientofTouchingChinaawardsthatrecognizethemostinspiringrolemodelsin2016.Shewasalsoawardedasamodelpovertyfighterbythegovernment.Zhihasaprofoundunderstandingoftheimportanceofeducationinthemountains.Overtheyears,shehastaughtthestudentsandcaredforthem,sincemanyofthemwere“left-behind”childrenwhoseparentsmigratedtootherplacestowork.Morethan1,000studentsofhershaveleftthemountainarea,andcreatedabetterlifeforthemselves.Locatedamidthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.Villagershadtohikeinthemountains.“Iarrivedattheschoolinanearlyevening,andwasshocked.Ihadknowntheconditionswerepoor,buttherealitywasworse.”Moreover,localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailynecessities,andtransportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedacrosstheirshoulders.“Ihadneverwalkeduphillonamountainroadbefore,soIwalkedmuchmoreslowlythanothers,sometimesIwalkedslowlybehindtoomuchandwasscaredtotears,”saysZhi.Sometimesshehadtowalkuphillbyherselfwithaflashlightatnight.Thewildboarsandrabbitssometimesfrightenedherandsheenhancedhercouragebysingingloudly.Butshegraduallygotusedtoherlifethere.Atthebeginning,shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters,andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Zhiwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.Forthosewhocouldnotaffordthetuition,shesparedherownmoneytohelp.Zhisaysseeingherstudentsdowellbeyondthemountainsisdeeplyrewarding.“Mydream,thesameasbefore,istostaybythesideofmorechildren.Iknowpovertywillforeversaygoodbyetothemountainousvillages,tomystudents,andtomyself,”saysZhi.4.WhydidZhichoosetostaylonginthemountains?A.Shewasavillageteacher.B.ShewasaTouchingChinaawardsrecipient.C.Shewasshockedbythepoorlivingconditions.D.Shewasawareofthesignificanceofruraleducation.5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonsfortheirpoverty.B.Thewaysofbuyingdailynecessities.C.Thetoughsituationsinthemountains. D.ThedescriptionofZhi’steachingexperience.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutZhiYueying?A.Shehasasenseofachievement.B.Sheenjoyslivinginmountains.C.Shehaschangedthelocallife.D.Shelikeschallengesinteaching.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ALife-changingLessonB.AContributortoRuralEducationC.TheTeachingExperienceinMountainsD.TheCurrentSituationofRuralEducation【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，悉心教育照顾学生，她梦想着山村、她的学生和她自己都能早日脱离贫困。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Overthepastfourdecades,Zhihasdevotedherselftoruraleducation.(在过去的四十年里，她一直致力于乡村教育)”和“Zhihasaprofoundunderstandingoftheimportanceofeducationinthemountains.(支月英对山区教育的重要性有着深刻的认识)”可知，支月英选择长期待在山里是因为她意识到了乡村教育的重要性。故选D项。【5题详解】段落大意题。根据第三段中“Locatedamidthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.Villagershadtohikeinthemountains.“Iarrivedattheschoolinanearlyevening,andwasshocked.Ihadknowntheconditionswerepoor,buttherealitywasworse.”Moreover,localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailynecessities,andtransportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedacrosstheirshoulders.(这个村庄坐落在群山之中，非常贫穷，远离任何城镇。村民们不得不在山里徒步旅行。“我很早就到了学校，吓了一跳。我知道条件很差，但现实更糟。”此外，当地人需要下山购买生活必需品，然后用手或肩膀扛着运回来)”可知，山里的村庄地理位置偏僻，条件很差，人们生活非常不便。因此，第三段主要是描绘山里艰苦的环境。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Zhisaysseeingherstudentsdowellbeyondthemountainsisdeeplyrewarding.(支月英说，看到她的学生在大山之外取得好成绩是非常值得的)”可知，支月英对于自己教育的成果感到很满意，很有成就感。故选A项。【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，做出了巨大的贡献。由此可知，B项“乡村教育的贡献者”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。CIthaslongbeenknownthatbeesliveinlarge,andhighlycomplexsocieties.ButBumblebeesmaybesmarterthanpreviouslythought.NewresearchfromthescientistsattheQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,UK,recentlypublishedintheissueofPLOSBiology,showsthatbeescanlearnhowtoproblem-solvefromoneanother.Thenewstudyhasshownthatbeescanlearntosolveevencomplexbehaviorsthroughcooperation.Inordertotesttheirtheoriesresearchersdesignedafairlysimplepuzzleforbeestosolve.Abeewasplacedinaboxthatcouldeitherbeopenedbypushingareadlabelorbluelabelandthenwouldreceiveasugarytreatfortheirefforts.Thebeewasthenre-releasedbacktoitscolony(领地).Amazinglyenough,thebeesincoloniesthatarehometothosebeeswholearnedtoopenthepuzzleusingtheredlabelallusedtheredlabeltoopenthepuzzle,whilethebeesinthebluecolonyallusedthebluelabel.Dr.AliceBridges,aleadonthestudy,said,“Thesecreaturesarereallyquiteincredible.They’rereally,reallygoodatlearningdespitehavingthesetiny,tinybrains.Ourresearchsuggeststhatsociallearningmayhavehadagreaterinfluenceontheevolutionofthisbehaviourthanpreviouslyimagined.”ProfessorLarsChittka,theauthorofthebookTheMindofaBee,said:“Wetendtooverlookthe“aliencivilisations”formedbybeesandantsonourplanet—becausetheyaresmall-bodiedandtheirsocietiesandarchitecturalconstructionsseemgovernedbybirthatfirstglance.Ourresearchshows,however,thatnewinnovationscanspreadlikesocialmediamemes(模式)throughinsectcolonies,indicatingthattheycanrespondtowhollynewenvironmentalchallengesmuchfasterthanbyevolutionarychanges,whichwouldtakemanygenerationstoshow.”Regardlessofhowonedefinesculture,thediscoverythatbumblebeesshareinformationisanastonishingevidencetothecomplexityofthenaturalworld.Eventhesmallestinsectisapartofamuchlargerecosystemandisasmuchapartofthenaturalorderofthingsasishumankind.8.Whatisthepurposeofthestudy?A.Toprovebees’socialnature.B.Toexplainbees’complexbehaviors.C.Toconfirmbees’problemsolvingability.D.Totestbees’abilityofidentifyingcolors.9.Howdobeesrespondtothenewenvironmentinthestudy?A.Bytrialanderror.B.Byrecognizingdances.C.Byevolutionarychanges.D.Byobservationandimitation.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromProfessorLarsChittka’swords? A.Informationdeliveryisformedbynature.B.Beesreacttothenewenvironmentswiftly.C.Peoplecanbewellawareofinsects’actions.D.Newinformationspreadamonginsectsrandomly.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthediscovery?A.Itdeservestobevalued.B.Itgainshighapproval.C.Itisovervalued.D.Itisunderestimated.【答案】8C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，蜜蜂可以通过互相学习来解决问题，应对新环境。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“NewresearchfromthescientistsattheQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,UK,recentlypublishedintheissueofPLOSBiology,showsthatbeescanlearnhowtoproblem-solvefromoneanother.(英国伦敦玛丽皇后大学的科学家们最近在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志上发表的一项新研究表明，蜜蜂可以从彼此身上学习如何解决问题)”可知，该项研究的目的是证实了蜜蜂可以从彼此身上学习如何解决问题。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Amazinglyenough,thebeesincoloniesthatarehometothosebeeswholearnedtoopenthepuzzleusingtheredlabelallusedtheredlabeltoopenthepuzzle,whilethebeesinthebluecolonyallusedthebluelabel.(令人惊讶的是，那些学会用红色标签打开谜题的蜜蜂所在的蜂群都用红色标签打开谜题，而蓝色蜂群的蜜蜂都用蓝色标签打开谜题)”可知，蜂群里的蜜蜂可以通过向同伴学习，来用对应颜色标签打开谜题；根据文章第四段“Ourresearchshows,however,thatnewinnovationscanspreadlikesocialmediamemes(模式)throughinsectcolonies,indicatingthattheycanrespondtowhollynewenvironmentalchallengesmuchfasterthanbyevolutionarychanges,whichwouldtakemanygenerationstoshow.(然而，我们的研究表明，新的创新可以像社交媒体模因一样在昆虫群体中传播，这表明它们可以比进化更快地应对全新的环境挑战，这需要许多代才能证明)”可知，这种新的创新可以像社交媒体模因一样在昆虫群体中传播，让昆虫们可以更快地应对全新的环境挑战。由此可推知，蜜蜂等昆虫会通过互相学习来应对新的环境。D项“Byobservationandimitation.(通过观察和模仿)”与文章内容最相符。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Ourresearchshows,however,thatnewinnovationscanspreadlikesocialmediamemes(模式)throughinsectcolonies,indicatingthattheycanrespondtowhollynewenvironmental challengesmuchfasterthanbyevolutionarychanges,whichwouldtakemanygenerationstoshow.”(然而，我们的研究表明，新的创新可以像社交媒体模因一样在昆虫群体中传播，这表明它们可以比进化更快地应对全新的环境挑战，这需要许多代人的时间来证明。”)”可知，ProfessorLarsChittka认为，昆虫可以比进化更快地应对全新的环境挑战。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Regardlessofhowonedefinesculture,thediscoverythatbumblebeesshareinformationisanastonishingevidencetothecomplexityofthenaturalworld.Eventhesmallestinsectisapartofamuchlargerecosystemandisasmuchapartofthenaturalorderofthingsasishumankind.(不管人们如何定义文化，大黄蜂分享信息的发现是自然界复杂性的一个惊人证据。即使是最小的昆虫也是一个更大的生态系统的一部分，和人类一样，都是自然秩序的一部分)”可知，作者认为不管人们如何定义文化，大黄蜂分享信息的发现是自然界复杂性的一个惊人证据。由此可推知，作者认为这一发现是很有价值的，值得被重视。故选A项。DThereisnouniversallyacceptedagethatisconsideredoldamongorwithinsocieties.Oftendisagreementsexistastowhatageasocietymayconsideroldandwhatmembersinthatsocietyofthatageandoldermayconsiderold.Moreover,biologistsarenotinagreementabouttheexistenceofaninternalbiologicalcauseforaging.Ingeneralthesocialstatusofanagegroupisrelatedtoitseffectiveinfluenceinitssociety,whichisassociatedwiththatgroup’sfunctioninproductivity.Inagriculturalsocietiestheelderlyhaveastatusofrespectability.Theirlifeexperiencesandknowledgeareregardedasvaluable,especiallyinpreliterate(尚无文字的)societieswhereknowledgeisorallytransmitted.Therangeofactivitiesinthesesocietiesallowstheelderlytocontinuetobeproductivemembersoftheircommunities.Inindustrializednations,althoughincertainfieldsoldageisstillconsideredsignificant,particularlyinthepoliticalfield,olderpeopleareincreasinglybeingforcedintoretirementbeforetheirproductiveyearsareover,causingproblemsintheirpsychologicaladaptationstooldage.Retirementisnotregardedunfavorablyinallinstances,butitseconomiclimitationstendtofurtherremoveolderpeoplefromtherangeofinfluenceandraiseproblemsintheextendeduseofleisuretimeandhousing.Asaconsequence,financialpreparationforretirementhasbecomeanincreasedconcernforindividualsandsociety.Familialrelationshipstendtobethefocusoftheelderly’sattention.However,thetendencyforyoungpeopleinindustrializedcountriestobehighlymobilehasforcedolderpeopletodecidewhethertomovetokeepupwiththeirfamiliesortoremaininneighborhoodswhichalsochange,alteringtheirfamiliarpatternsofactivity.Althoughmostolderpeopledolivewithinanhourfromtheirclosestchild,industrializedsocietiesarefacedwithformulating programstoaccommodateincreasingnumbersofolderpeoplewhofunctionindependentlyoftheirfamilies.Adulteducationprogramsarebeginningtoclosethegenerationgap;however,aseachsuccessivegenerationreachesoldage,bringingwithititsparticulartendenciesandpreferences,newproblemsariserequiringnewsocialaccommodations.12.Whatcountsfortheelderlyinagriculturalsocieties?A.Theirstatusofrespectability.B.Theirvalueinproductivity.C.Theirrichknowledgeineducation.D.Theirextraordinaryabilitytowork.13.Whatcanwelearnabouttheelderly’sretirementfromParagraph3?A.Ithasfadedtheelderlyworries.B.Itmeanstheendofproductiveability.C.Itisconsideredbeneficialinalldistances.DItinfluencestheelderlypsychologicallyandfinancially.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“formulating”inParagraph4mean?A.Planning.B.Changing.C.Extending.D.Canceling.15.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Apersonaljournal.B.Ascienceresearch.C.Asocialissuereview.D.Acommunitybrochure.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为老年人的社会地位与其社会影响力有关，农业社会中老年人凭借其生产力价值赢得尊重，但是工业化社会中很多老年人被迫退休，在心理和财政上都受到影响，随之而来的家庭生活问题亟待社会的解决方案。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Inagriculturalsocietiestheelderlyhaveastatusofrespectability.Theirlifeexperiencesandknowledgeareregardedasvaluable,especiallyinpreliterate(尚无文字的)societieswhereknowledgeisorallytransmitted.Therangeofactivitiesinthesesocietiesallowstheelderlytocontinuetobeproductivemembersoftheircommunities.(在农业社会中，老年人享有受人尊敬的地位。他们的生活经验和知识被认为是有价值的，特别是在尚无文字的社会，知识是口头传播的。这些社会中的活动范围使老年人能够继续成为社区中有生产力的成员)”可知，在农业社会老年人的生活经验和知识使他们依旧具有生产力价值，从而获得尊敬。由此可知，生产力上的价值对于农业社会的老年人很重要。故选B项。 【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“…olderpeopleareincreasinglybeingforcedintoretirementbeforetheirproductiveyearsareover,causingproblemsintheirpsychologicaladaptationstooldage.Retirementisnotregardedunfavorablyinallinstances,butitseconomiclimitationstendtofurtherremoveolderpeoplefromtherangeofinfluenceandraiseproblemsintheextendeduseofleisuretimeandhousing.Asaconsequence,financialpreparationforretirementhasbecomeanincreasedconcernforindividualsandsociety.(……越来越多的老年人在他们的生产年龄结束之前就被迫退休，这给他们的老年心理适应带来了问题。退休并非在所有情况下都是不利的，但其经济上的限制往往进一步使老年人远离影响的范围，并在延长闲暇时间和住房的使用方面产生问题。因此，为退休做财务准备已成为个人和社会日益关注的问题)”可知，退休问题会引起老年人的心理适应问题，并在经济上限制老年人的活动和影响力，使其不得不做好财务准备。因此，退休在心理和财政两方面都影响着老年人。故选D项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Althoughmostolderpeopledolivewithinanhourfromtheirclosestchild,industrializedsocietiesarefacedwithformulatingprogramstoaccommodateincreasingnumbersofolderpeoplewhofunctionindependentlyoftheirfamilies.(虽然大多数老年人住在离他们最近的孩子不到一小时的地方，但工业化社会正面临着……计划以容纳越来越多的独立于家庭生活的老年人的问题)”可知，此处前后有转折，虽然大多数老年人的生活范围离子女很近，但是越来越多的老年人独立生活，这种情况需要社会制定计划去解决。由此推知，formulating意思是“制定”，与planning意思一致。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章从对老年人的定义的各种分歧引入话题，然后介绍了老年人的社会地位与其社会影响力有关，农业社会中老年人凭借其生产力价值赢得尊重，但是工业化社会中很多老年人被迫退休，在心理和财政上都受到影响，随之而来的家庭生活问题亟待社会的解决方案。因此，文章聚焦的是社会问题和现象，应该出自社会问题评论。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Throwingthoseunwantedleftoversorunusedingredientsintothetrashdoesn’tjusthurtyourwallet—italsocoststheclimate.Whenfoodiswasted,soarethenaturalandhumanresourcesthatgointoproducing,processing,transportingandstoringit.___16___Foodwasteisabigproblem.Thesesmallchangescanhelp.___17___Trytolookaroundyourkitchenandseewhatyoucanmakewithitbeforeheadingtothegrocerystore,becausesomanythingscanbesubstitutedwithwhatyoualreadyhave.Inotherwords,youdon’thavetostick exactlytotherecipeifitmeansbuyingabrandnewjarofsomethingthat’lljustendupsittinginthebackofthefridge.___18___Cho,hostoftheYouTubechannel,sayshermostcommonfood-wasteproblemisonelikelysharedbymany.“I’llbuyabunchofitemsandthenputtheminmyrefrigeratorandthenIsimplyforgotaboutit”shesays,callingitanissueofspacemanagement.___19___.Armedwithglasscontainersanddry-erasemarkers,shesaysitallowshertoquicklyassesswhichingredientsshe’sworkingwith,thenfigureouthowtousethem.Onceyouhavetheingredientsyouneed,makesureyou’reusingthemtothefullestextent.Forone,thatmeansusingallpartsofthevegetable,remindingpeoplethatbroccolistemsare“perfectlyeatable”andcarrottops“makeawonderfulstir-fry.”Likearedonion,ifyouhavehalfofitthatyou’renotgoingtobeusing,forexample,you’llseasonit.Andseasonedonionsaregreatonatoast.___20___Youcanalsogivevegetablesasecondlifebyseasoningthem.A.So,keeptrackofwhat’sinthefridgebylabeling.B.Youhaveluckgettingonionstolastlongerbystoringit.C.Instead,createarecipewiththethinginthenewjar.D.Itjusthasthatextrataste,andyou’renotwastingyourfood.E.Thoseprocessesgeneratesignificantcarbondioxideemissions.F.Whenmakingshoppinglists,startbysurveyingwhat’salreadyinyourfridge.G.Ifyouwon’thavearegularuseforthatparticularproduct,justreplacetherecipe.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了食物浪费带来的影响并提出了避免食物浪费的几项建议。【16题详解】上文“Whenfoodiswasted,soarethenaturalandhumanresourcesthatgointoproducing,processing,transportingandstoringit.(当食物被浪费时，用于生产、加工、运输和储存食物的自然资源和人力资源也会被浪费)”提到了当食物被浪费时，与食物相关的各个环节的资源也会被浪费；下文“Foodwasteisabigproblem.(食物浪费是个大问题)”提出了总结性观点点——食物浪费是个大问题。由此可推知，设空处应是在进一步解释食物相关的各个环节资源浪费带来的后果。E项“Thoseprocessesgeneratesignificantcarbondioxideemissions.(这些过程会产生大量的二氧化碳排放)”符合题意，其中的thoseprocesses与上文的producing,processing,transportingandstoringit对应。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“Thesesmallchangescanhelp.(这些小小的改变会有所帮助) ”为过渡句，说明下文即将提出具体做法；下文“Trytolookaroundyourkitchenandseewhatyoucanmakewithitbeforeheadingtothegrocerystore,becausesomanythingscanbesubstitutedwithwhatyoualreadyhave.(在去杂货店之前，试着看看你的厨房，看看你可以用它做什么，因为很多东西都可以用你已经拥有的东西来代替)”提到了在去杂货店买东西之前，先看看冰箱里有没有可以替代的东西。也就是说，这是建议去购物前，先看看冰箱里还有什么。F项“Whenmakingshoppinglists,startbysurveyingwhat’salreadyinyourfridge.(在列购物清单的时候，先看看冰箱里已经有什么东西了)与下文对应。故选F项。【18题详解】设空处位于段末，根据段落主旨句可知，此处依旧与查看冰箱里的东西相关；上文“Inotherwords,youdon’thavetostickexactlytotherecipeifitmeansbuyingabrandnewjarofsomethingthat’lljustendupsittinginthebackofthefridge.(换句话说，如果你要买一罐新东西，结果只能放在冰箱后面，你就不必严格遵守食谱了)”提到了如果买的东西只是放在冰箱里，而不去使用的话，就不必严格遵守食谱。也就是说，不是经常用的东西，可以直接替换掉，设空处应是在对上文进行总结。G项“Ifyouwon’thavearegularuseforthatparticularproduct,justreplacetherecipe.(如果你不经常使用这种产品，那就替换食谱)”符合题意，其中的justreplacetherecipe与上文的youdon’thavetostickexactlytotherecipe对应。故选G项。【19题详解】上文““I’llbuyabunchofitemsandthenputtheminmyrefrigeratorandthenIsimplyforgotaboutit”shesays,callingitanissueofspacemanagement.(她说：“我会买一大堆东西，然后把它们放在冰箱里，然后就忘了。”她把这称为空间管理的问题)”提到了另一种空间管理上的浪费——买一堆东西放冰箱，然后忘了；下文“Armedwithglasscontainersanddry-erasemarkers,shesaysitallowshertoquicklyassesswhichingredientsshe’sworkingwith,thenfigureouthowtousethem.(她说，有了玻璃容器和干擦记号笔，她就能快速评估要用的原料，然后弄清楚如何使用它们)”提到了用玻璃容器和记号笔，可以快速评估需要用的原来你以及弄清楚如何使用。由此可推知，此处是建议给冰箱里的东西作标记。A项“So,keeptrackofwhat’sinthefridgebylabeling.(所以，通过标签来记录冰箱里的食物)”符合题意，与上下文对应。故选A项。【20题详解】段首主旨句“Onceyouhavetheingredientsyouneed,makesureyou’reusingthemtothefullestextent.(一旦你有了你需要的材料，确保你最大限度地使用它们)”建议充分利用购买的材料；上文“Likearedonion,ifyouhavehalfofitthatyou’renotgoingtobeusing,forexample,you’llseasonit.Andseasonedonionsaregreatonatoast.(就像一个红洋葱，如果你有一半不打算用，给它调味。加了调料的洋葱放在烤面包片上也很棒)”以洋葱为例，提到了如果不打算用另一半洋葱，可以给洋葱调味，放烤面包上；下文“Youcanalsogivevegetablesasecondlifebyseasoningthem.(你也可以通过给蔬菜调味来赋予它们第二次生命) ”继续提到给蔬菜调味。不管是给洋葱调味放烤面包上，还是给蔬菜调味赋予其第二次生命，都有一个好处，那就是避免浪费。D项“Itjusthasthatextrataste,andyou’renotwastingyourfood.(它只是有额外的味道，你没有浪费你的食物)”与上下文对应。故选D项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ChatGPThasbeeneverywhereforthelastfewmonths.Itraises___21___abouttheirimpactoneverythinghappeninginoursociety.ChatGPTisanaturallanguageprocessingtool___22___byAItechnologythatallowsyoutohavehuman-like___23___andmuchmore.Thelanguagemodelcananswerquestionsand___24___youwithtasks,suchascomposingemails,essays,andcode.The___25___toproducefrequentlyaccurateresponsestoavastrangeofquestionsiswhyitbecamethefastest-growingappofalltime,___26___100millionusersinonlytwomonths.Thefactthatitcanalso___27___essays,articles,andpoetryhasonly___28___itsappeal.Itisalsoequally___29___atcodingandproductivitytasks.Fortheformer,itsabilityto____30____codefromnaturalspeechmakesitapowerfulpartnerforbothnewand____31____coders.Despitelookingveryimpressive,ChatGPTstillhas____32____.Suchrestrictionsincludetheinabilitytoanswerquestionsthatarewordedina____33____way,asitrequiresrewordingtounderstandtheinputquestion.Abiggerlimitationisalackofqualityinthe____34____itdelivers.Anothermajorlimitationisthatitsdataislimitedupto2021.Thechatrobotdoesnothaveany____35____ofeventsornewsthathaveoccurredsincethen.Lastly,ChatGPTdoesnotprovidesourcesforitsresponses.21.A.requestsB.concernsC.emotionsD.doubts22.A.drivenB.followedC.inspiredD.entertained23.A.conflictsB.challengesC.interestsD.conversations24.A.manageB.controlC.assistD.accompany25.A.abilityB.chanceC.responsibilityD.purpose26.A.consultingB.reachingC.introducingD.counting27.A.causeB.returnC.existD.generate28.A.addedtoB.connectedtoC.devotedtoD.owedto29.A.determinedB.equippedC.talentedD.alarmed30.A.saveB.createC.chooseD.describe 31.A.cautiousB.untrainedC.familiarD.experienced32.A.limitationsB.possibilitiesC.requirementsD.advantages33.A.rightB.suitableC.specificD.natural34.A.approachesB.responsesC.contributionD.sensitivity35.A.noticeB.questionC.feelingD.awareness【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT拥有强大的语言处理能力，可以与我们开展对话，协助我们处理很多事务，但也有其局限，在理解特定方式的问题、回复质量和数据更新等方面存在问题。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这引起了人们对它们会影响我们社会中发生的一切的担忧。A.requests请求；B.concerns担忧；C.emotions情绪；D.doubts怀疑。根据下文“theirimpactoneverythinghappeninginoursociety”和常识可推知，对于会影响我们社会中发生的一切的事物，我们应该会有担忧。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：ChatGPT是一款由人工智能技术驱动的自然语言处理工具，允许你进行类似人类的对话等等。A.driven驱动；B.followed跟随；C.inspired启发；D.entertained使有兴趣。根据下文“byAItechnology”和常识可推知，应该是人工智能技术驱动自然语言的处理。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：ChatGPT是一款由人工智能技术驱动的自然语言处理工具，允许你进行类似人类的对话等等。A.conflicts冲突；B.challenges挑战；C.interests利益；D.conversations对话。根据下文“Thelanguagemodelcananswerquestions”可知，ChatGPT可以回答用户的问题，所以应该是允许用户进行类似人类的对话。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个语言模型可以回答问题并帮助你完成任务，例如编写电子邮件、论文和代码。A.manage管理；B.control控制；C.assist协助；D.accompany陪伴。根据上文“anaturallanguageprocessingtool”和下文“suchascomposingemails,essays,andcode”可推知，在这些任务上ChatGPT作为自然语言处理工具，可以为我们提供协助。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它能够对各种各样的问题给出准确的回答，这就是为什么它成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序，在短短两个月内就达到了1亿用户。A.ability能力；B.chance机会；C.responsibility 责任；D.purpose目的。根据下文“toproducefrequentlyaccurateresponsestoavastrangeofquestions”可推知，这应该是ChatGPT具有的能力。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它能够对各种各样的问题给出准确的回答，这就是为什么它成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序，在短短两个月内就达到了1亿用户。A.consulting咨询；B.reaching达到；C.introducing介绍；D.counting计数。根据上文“becamethefastest-growingappofalltime”可知，ChatGPT成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序，所以应该是达到了1亿用户。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还可以生成散文、文章和诗歌的事实增加了它的吸引力。A.cause引起；B.return返回；C.exist存在；D.generate生成。根据上文“composingemails,essays,andcode”可推知，ChatGPT可以生成散文、文章和诗歌。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：它还可以生成散文、文章和诗歌的事实增加了它的吸引力。A.addedto增加；B.connectedto连接；C.devotedto致力于；D.owedto欠。根据下文“itsappeal”可推知，这些能力会增加ChatGPT的吸引力。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它在写代码和生产力任务方面也同样表现出色。A.determined坚定的；B.equipped装备齐全的；C.talented有才能的；D.alarmed惊慌的。根据下文“makesitapowerfulpartner”可知，ChatGPT是强大的伙伴，所以应该是在写代码和生产力任务方面表现出色，betalentedin是固定短语，意为“在……方面表现出色，在……方面有才能”。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于前者，它从自然语音中创建代码的能力使其成为新手和经验丰富的程序员的强大合作伙伴。A.save保存；B.create创造；C.choose选择；D.describe描述。根据上文“coding”可知，ChatGPT会写代码，所以应该是从自然语音中创造代码。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于前者，它从自然语音中创建代码的能力使其成为新手和经验丰富的程序员的强大合作伙伴。A.cautious谨慎的；B.untrained未经训练的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.experienced有经验的。根据上文“bothnewand”可推知，应该是对新手和经验丰富的程序员来说，ChatGPT都是强大的合作伙伴。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管看起来非常令人印象深刻，但ChatGPT仍然有局限。A.limitations局限； B.possibilities可能性；C.requirements要求；D.advantages优势。根据下文“Suchrestrictions”可知，此处在讨论ChatGPT的局限。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些局限包括无法回答以特定方式措辞的问题，因为需要重新措辞它才能理解输入的问题。A.right正确的；B.suitable合适的；C.specific特定的；D.natural自然的。根据下文“asitrequiresrewordingtounderstandtheinputquestion”可知，ChatGPT需要重新措辞才能理解输入的问题，所以应该是不能回答一些特定方式措辞的问题。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个更大的限制是它提供的回复没有质量。A.approaches方法；B.responses回应；C.contribution贡献；D.sensitivity敏感性。根据上文“Thelanguagemodelcananswerquestions”可知，ChatGPT会对用户的问题做出回答，所以应该是提供的回复没有质量。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：聊天机器人不了解此后发生的事件或新闻。A.notice通知；B.question问题；C.feeling感觉；D.awareness意识。根据上文“Anothermajorlimitationisthatitsdataislimitedupto2021.”可知，ChatGPT的数据只更新到2021年，所以应该是不了解2021年之后的事情，haveawarenessofsth.意为“了解……”。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Expertsonchilddevelopmentagreethatchildrenlearnanddevelopthrougheverydayexperiences.Becausefoodandcookingaresuchfundamentalcomponentsofourday-to-daylives,____36____(introduce)cookingtochildrenatayoungageisessentialtotheirexperientiallearning.Childrenlikeplayingmake-believeandenjoyinventingavarietyofcharacterswhile____37____(absorb)inimaginativeplay.Cookinggamesareanexcellentwaytostimulateimaginativeplay.Childrencanactoutreal-lifesituationsandbehaviorsthroughpretendplayandimprove____38____(they)increativity.Furthermore,pretendplayinthekitchenhelpskidslearnthingslikeproblem-solving,creativethinking,visual____39____(recognize),andsoon.Variouscookinggamesforchildrenthatareavailableonline____40____(be)morethanjustafunpastimeactivity.Theyprovideanumberofeducationalbenefitsaswell.Freeonlinecookinggamesurgekids____41____(try)newthingsandthinkoutsidetheboxbylettingthemexperiment____42____ingredients,recipes,andpreparationmethods.____43____(addition),manyfreecookinggamesonlinerequirekidstoperformvariouskitchentasksorreadtherecipesandthenfollowtheinstructivetips.Whenkidstaketheinitiativeandfinish atask,theyfeelproudof____44____theyhaveundertaken.Playingfreecookinggamesonlinecanalsohelpkidslearnessentialskills,teachthem_____45_____tobesafeinthekitchen,andincreasetheirgeneralknowledgeabouttheworld.【答案】36.introducing37.absorbed38.themselves39.recognition40.are41.totry42.with43.Additionally44.what45.how【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网上提供的免费在线烹饪游戏给孩子们带来的好处。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为食物和烹饪是我们日常生活的基本组成部分，所以在孩子很小的时候向他们介绍烹饪对他们的体验学习至关重要。分析句子可知，设空处在句中与后面的cookingtochildrenatayoungage一起作主语，表示“向孩子们介绍烹饪”，应用动名词。故填introducing。37题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：孩子们喜欢玩假装游戏，喜欢创造各种各样的角色，沉浸在想象的游戏中。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处在句中作非谓语，逻辑主语Children与动词absorb之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，此处是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，完整句子为whiletheyareabsorbedinimaginativeplay，当主从句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填absorbed。【38题详解】考查反身代词。句意：孩子们可以通过假装游戏来表演现实生活中的情景和行为，提高自己的创造力。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“提高他们自己的创造能力”，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：此外，在厨房里假装游戏可以帮助孩子们学习诸如解决问题、创造性思维、视觉识别等能力。分析句子可知，设空处位于形容词visual后，受其修饰，此处表示“视觉识别”，应用名词；recognize的名词形式为recognition，表示“认知、识别”。故填recognition。【40题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：网上提供的各种儿童烹饪游戏不仅仅是一种有趣的消遣活动。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据句意及从句谓语动词时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语Variouscookinggames为复数形式，故be动词也应用复数。故填are。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：免费的在线烹饪游戏鼓励孩子们尝试新事物，通过让他们尝试食材、食谱和准备方法来跳出常规思维。urgesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事，固定搭配，此处整个todo不定式作宾语补足语。故填totry。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：同上。根据句意可知，此处表示“用食材、食谱和制作方法来进行实验”，应用介词with，表示具体、有形的方式方法。故填with。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，许多免费在线烹饪游戏要求孩子们执行各种厨房任务或阅读食谱，然后按照指导提示。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面整个剧组，作状语，应用副词；addition的副词形式为additionally，表示“此外、另外”，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Additionally。【44题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当孩子们主动完成一项任务时，他们会为自己所做的事情感到自豪。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示他们所做的事，应用what引导。故填what。【45题详解】考查疑问词。句意：玩免费的在线烹饪游戏也可以帮助孩子们学习基本技能，教他们如何在厨房里保持安全，并增加他们对世界的一般了解。分析句子可知，设空处与后面的tobesafeinthekitchen在句中作teach的直接宾语，结合句意可知，此处应指“教他们如何在厨房里保持安全”，应用疑问副词how连接，此处是“疑问词+todo不定式”的结构。故填how。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你校正在为前来参加国际夏令营的英国学生筹划以“艺术与生活”为主题的展览。请你用英语为该展览写一则导语。内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.展览简介；3.注意事项。 注意：写作词数应为80左右；_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AnattractiveexhibitionthemedArtandLifewillraisecurtain.Anyoneinthecampiswelcome!Theexhibition,whichfeaturesabundanttraditionalChineseartworks,isamusttovisit.DetailedexplanationwillbeprovidedtodemonstratetheChinesepaintingandcalligraphy.Besides,youwillgetexposedtothepaper-cutting,whichvividlyreflectsourdailylifeandbringsmuchpleasure.UndoubtedlynotonlywillyoudeepenyourunderstandingoftraditionalChineseart,butalsoyou’llbemotivatedtoexploremore.Whenappreciating,pleasebecarefulanddon’tbumportouchanyartwork.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校正在为前来参加国际夏令营的英国学生筹划以“艺术与生活”为主题的展览，要求考生为该展览写一则导语。【详解】1.词汇积累大量的、丰富的：abundant→plentiful此外：besides→inaddition快乐、喜悦：pleasure→joy无疑：undoubtedly→thereisnodoubtthat2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：AnattractiveexhibitionthemedArtandLifewillraisecurtain.拓展句：Anattractiveexhibition,whosethemeisArtandLife,willraisecurtain.【点睛】【高分句型1】Theexhibition,whichfeaturesabundanttraditionalChineseartworks,isamusttovisit.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】UndoubtedlynotonlywillyoudeepenyourunderstandingoftraditionalChineseart,butalsoyou’llbemotivatedtoexploremore.(运用了notonly…butalso连接的并列句和部分倒装)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasChristmastime1974.Iwastenyearsold,butIwasnotlookingforwardtoChristmas.Theprevious springmymotherhadmovedourfamilyfromruralAlabamatosunnySouthernCalifornia.MylittlebrotherTodd,andIwereleavingbehindallofourextendedfamily.ThiswouldbemyfirstChristmasawayfromAlabama.Iwasafat,awkwardchildwithahigh-pitchedvoiceandaheavysouthernaccent.Myfirstdayatmynewschool,Iwenttothefrontofmyfourthgradeclasstointroducemyself.AllIsaidwasmynameandwhereIwasfrom.Theclassburstintolaughterwithjeersof“Hetalksfunny”.Ittooktheteachertwominutestorestoreorder.IwassodisappointedthatIwenttoagasstationafterschoolandusedthephonebooth(亭子)theretoplaceacalltomygrandmother.IwasgoingtoaskherwhetherIcouldreturntoAlabamaandlivewithherandwhethershewouldsendmethemoneyforabustickethome.Butthelinewasbusy,anddespiteseveralattempts,Ididn’tgetthrough.MyGrannywaseverythinggoodaboutChristmas.Herlanguageoflovewasfood.ShewouldspendweekscookingforChristmasEvewhenallofherchildrenandgrandchildrenwouldgatheratherhouse.Everyfavoritedishdessertandcakeswasmade.Hertableandsideboardgroaned(发吱嘎声)undertheweightofthefood.Mycousins,mybrotherandIwouldburstthroughherbackdoor,ourarrivalannouncedbytherhymeoffivesilverbells,whichhungonthedoor.Herhousewastinybuttouschildren,itwasglorious.Shesewednewnightdressesforallofhergrandchildren.Shesearchedcatalogs,newspaperadvertisements,andstoresallovertowntogetusexactlythetoyswehadrequested.Shewasmycomfort.Shewasmagical.Imissedherdesperately.Fortunately,therewasonlyoneweekleftbeforetheChristmasbreak.IwaslongingformyfamiliarsouthernChristmas.注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thenextmorning,alargeenoughpackagefromGrannywasdeliveredtoournewhouse._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Justthenthephonerang. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DuringtheChristmasbreak,alargeenoughpackagefromGrannywasdeliveredtoournewhouse.Itwastooheavyforustocarryintothelivingroom.Tooursurprise,itwaslargeenoughtoholdasmallrefrigerator.ToddandIweregiddytoknowwhatitcontained.Wecouldn’twaittotearthebox,delightedtodiscovermoundsofhomemadeChristmastreats,presentswrappedindecorativepaper,andneatlyfoldedpajamasforeachofus.Aseachgiftcameout,weshriekedwithexcitement.TheboxseemedbottomlessandthesmellofourGranny’shousewasfillingtheair.Justthenthephonerang.ItwasGranny.ToddandIchattedhappilywithherfornearlyhalfanhour,awarmcurrentrising.Sheaskedusaboutschoolandassureduswehadreceivedthepackage.Shediditinsuchawaythatweboththoughtwewereherfavorite.Forme,itwasthehighlightofChristmas.Mygrannypackagedandshippedmagicandlove.Shecametorescueme,softeningmyanxietyandlighteningmylifeaswell.【解析】【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。作者十岁那年和妈妈一起离开了家乡，对亲人的思念和无法融入新的环境使得作者非常失落，在这一年的圣诞节，奶奶从家乡寄来了一个很大的包裹，里面是给作者和弟弟的各种礼物，奶奶也打来了电话，这让作者感到了宽慰和幸福。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，奶奶给我们的新家送来了一个很大的包裹。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶送来的包裹里包含的丰富的东西。②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，电话铃响了。”可知，第二段可描写作者和奶奶聊了很久，感到非常温暖和宽慰。2.续写线索：搬运包裹——查看——惊喜——聊天——确认——宽慰3.词汇激活行为类①.尖叫：shriek/scream②.打包：package/parcel③.运送：ship/freight情绪类①.惊讶：surprise/amazement②.开心：delighted/pleased 【点睛】[高分句型1]ToddandIchattedhappilywithherfornearlyhalfanhour,awarmcurrentrising.(运用了独立主格结构)[高分句型2]ToddandIweregiddytoknowwhatitcontained.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)