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IntroductionaboutNASA
1contents1.Creation2.Spaceflightprograms3.Scientificresearch
2CreationTheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)istheagencyofthe UnitedStatesgovernment thatisresponsibleforthenation'scivilianspaceprogram andfor aeronautics and aerospace research.President DwightEisenhower establishedtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)in1958 withadistinctlycivilian(ratherthanmilitary)orientationencouragingpeacefulapplicationsinspacescience.TheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAct waspassedonJuly29,1958,disestablishingNASA'spredecessor,the NationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronautics (NACA).ThenewagencybecameoperationalonOctober1,1958.
3Sincethattime,mostU.S.spaceexplorationeffortshavebeenledbyNASA,includingthe Apollo moon-landing missions,the Skylab spacestation,andlaterthe SpaceShuttle.Currently,NASAissupportingthe InternationalSpaceStation andisoverseeingthedevelopmentofthe OrionMulti-PurposeCrewVehicle and CommercialCrew vehicles.Theagencyisalsoresponsibleforthe LaunchServicesProgram (LSP)whichprovidesoversightoflaunchoperationsandcountdownmanagementforunmannedNASAlaunches.Mostrecently,NASAannouncedanew SpaceLaunchSystem thatitsaidwouldtaketheagency'sastronautsfartherintospacethaneverbeforeandlaythecornerstoneforfuturehumanspaceexplorationeffortsbytheU.S.
4NASAscienceisfocusedonbetterunderstandingEarththroughthe EarthObservingSystem, advancingheliophysicsthroughtheeffortsoftheScienceMissionDirectorate'sHeliophysicsResearchProgram, exploringbodiesthroughoutthe SolarSystem withadvancedroboticmissionssuchasNewHorizons, andresearching astrophysics topics,suchastheBigBang,throughthe GreatObservatories andassociatedprograms. NASAsharesdatawithvariousnationalandinternationalorganizationssuchasfromtheGreenhouseGasesObservingSatellite.
5SpaceflightprogramsX-15rocketplane(1959–68)ProjectMercury(1959–63)水星计划
6ProjectGemini(1961–66)双子星计划ProjectApollo(1961–72)阿波罗计划
7Skylab(1965–79)太空实验室Apollo-SoyuzTestProject(1972-75)阿波罗-联盟试验计划
8SpaceShuttleprogram(1972–2011)航天飞机计划InternationalSpaceStation(1993–present)国际空间站计划
9CommercialResupplyServices(2006-present)商业补给服务BeyondLowEarthOrbitprogram(2010–present)
10NASAismajoredinaeronauticalresearchandexploration,includingthespacesciences(solarsystemexploration,Marsexploration,lunarexploration,thestructureoftheuniverse,andenvironment),thestudyoftheearth(earthsystematics,theapplicationofearth),biologicalphysics,aeronautics(aviationtechnology),andtrainingprograms.Scientificresearch
