四川省仁寿第一中学校北校区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末检测英语Word版含解析

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四川省仁寿第一中学校北校区2022级高一上期末检测英语试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。1.Howistheweatherthisweekendaccordingtotheweatherman?A.Warm.B.Cool.C.Cold.2.Whatisthecorrectordernumberfortheyellowteapot?A.TP12FS.B.TP12SF.C.PT12FS.3.WhatisMartinbusydoing?A.WritingabookaboutCuba.B.ReadingaboutCuba.C.Lookingforgoodnews.4Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’stoy.B.Theman’sfather.C.Thewoman’schildhood.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomanlookingfortheenvelope?A.Shewantstosendaletter.B.SheneedstogiveittoJill.C.SheputherPINnumberinit.7.Whatmightthewomandonext?A.FindJill.B.Gotothekitchen.C.Buyanenvelope.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whendoesthemeetingend?

1A.At8:30.B.At9:00.C.At10:30.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewaslateforworktoday.B.Shewillbetheman’sassistant.C.Sheisanewworkerofthecompany.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.TohaveatalkwithTom.B.Toinvitethewomantoamovie.C.Tointroduceafriendtothewoman.11.WhatisTomdoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Talkingonthephone.C.HavingfunwithJulie.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.HeknowsJulie.B.Helivesintown.C.Hesharesahousewithafriend.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidthemandoonSunday?A.Hewenttothemuseum.B.Hevisitedtheoldcastle.C.Hewatchedafootballmatch.14.Howdidthemanfindthemovie?A.Special.B.Interesting.C.Boring.15.WhoisHelenmostlikelytobe?A.Theman’sfriend.B.Theman’swife.C.Theman’sdaughter.16.Whatfooddidthemanhave?A.Italianfood.B.Thaifood.C.Chinesefood.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdifferencedoesthespeakertalkaboutfirst?A.Someexpressions.B.Trafficrules.C.Thefood.18.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheweatherinLondon?A.Changeable.B.Great.C.Uncomfortable.19.Whendoesthespeakerfinishworknow?

2A.At5p.m.B.At8:30p.m.C.At9p.m.20.WheredidthespeakerusetogoonFridayeveninginAmerica?A.Totheclub.B.Tothegym.C.Totherestaurant.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourMostBeautifulSubwaysintheWorldCityHallStation,NewYorkCountry:theUSAOpened:1904Unliketheothersubwaystations,thisonehasn’tbeeninusesince1945.However,itcanbeadmiredbythosegoingaboardthetrainsthatrunontheIRTLexingtonAvenueLine.OpenedonOctober27,1904,thisstationwasdesignedtorepresenttheflagshipofthenewsubway.Thankstothespecificshapeandcolors,thestationremainstheonlyoneofitskindandveryimpressive—soimpressivethatit’softenchosenasamovieset.ToledoStation,NaplesCountry:ItalyOpened:2012ThesubwaystationwhichisconsideredthemostbeautifulintheworldstandsinItaly.ThenewdesignoftheToledoStationinNaplesfeaturescolorfulpicturesfromafullrangeofshadesofblue.Duringtheconstructionofthestation,itbroughttolightseveralarchaeological(考古的)findsdatingbacktotheendofthe15thtoearly16thcenturyaswellasRomanbuildingsdatingbacktothe2ndcentury.Champ-de-MarsStation,MontrealCountry:CanadaOpened:1966Champ-de-MarsisastationontheOrangeLineoftheMontrealSubway,Canada.ItfeaturescolorfulglasswindowsmadebytheartistMarcelleFerron.Someoftheworksfeaturedinthisstationarealsoconsideredtobetheartist’smostfamousones.Komsomolskaya,MoscaCountry:RussiaOpened:1952

3StandinginKomsomolskayaSquareandthecrossroadsofthreedifferentsubwaylines,thisstationisverybusyandbeautiful.ItsplaceandinsidedesignmakeitaperfectrepresentationofRussianculture.1.WhatcanbeknownaboutCityHallStation?A.Itrepresentsthenewculture.B.Itistheoldestsubwayintheworld.C.Ithasappearedinsomemovies.D.Itcantransportthemostpassengers.2.Whichcountryownsthemostbeautifulsubwaystationintheworldaccordingtothetext?A.TheUSA.B.Italy.C.Canada.D.Russia.3.Whichsubwaystationhasbeeninuseforthelongesttime?A.CityHallStation,NewYork.B.ToledoStation,Naples.C.Champ-de-MarsStation,Montreal.D.Komsomolskaya,Mosca.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最漂亮的四个地铁。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CityHallStation,NewYork部分的“Thankstothespecificshapeandcolors,thestationremainstheonlyoneofitskindandveryimpressive—soimpressivethatit’softenchosenasamovieset.(由于其特殊的形状和颜色，该站仍然是同类中唯一的一个，令人印象深刻，因此经常被选为电影布景)”可知，CityHallStation出现在一些电影的场景中。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ToledoStation,Naples部分的“ThesubwaystationwhichisconsideredthemostbeautifulintheworldstandsinItaly.(被认为是世界上最美丽的地铁站位于意大利)”可知，根据这篇文章，最美的地铁在意大利。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分的“Opened:1904(1904年开放)”和“Unliketheothersubwaystations,thisonehasn’tbeeninusesince1945.(与其他地铁站不同的是，这座地铁站自1945年以来就没有使用过)”可知，CityHallStation使用了41年；根据第二部分的“Opened:2012(开放时间：2012年)”可知，ToledoStation2012年投入使用，到现在使用了10年；根据第三部分的“Opened:1966(开放时间：1966年)”可知，Champ-de-MarsStation1966年投入使用，到现在使用了56年；根据第四部分的“Opened:1952(开放时间：1952年)”可知，Komsomolskaya1952年投入使用，到现在使用了70年。由此可知，Komsomolskaya的使用时间最长。故选D。B

4ThesunwasrisingwhenDaryl’sdeliverytruckwithgoodsreachedthehighway.Thiswasthebesttimeofdaytodrive,whentheroadswerewideopenandempty.HefeltsurehewasgoingtomakeittoLosAngelesbeforemidnight.Thenhesawit,alargelumpinthemiddleoftheroad.Hestoppedandfoundthelumpwasagirl.Hetriedshakingherawakebutshecouldn’tmove,sohecarriedhertothesideoftheroad.Atleastshewouldn’tberunoverthere.Nowshewassomeoneelse’sproblembecausehedidn’thavetimetobeahero.Heclimbedbackintohistruckbutashelookedinhismirrorandsawthegirlstilllyingbythesideoftheroad,heknewhecouldn’tleaveheralone.SoDarylputherintohistruckanddrovetothenexttown.Anhourlaterhearrivedatthepolicestation.Afterexplainingwhathadhappened,hepreparedtoleave,butthepolicemansaidheneededtomakeareport.DarylknewitwasimpossibleforhimtogettoLosAngelesontimenow.Threehourslaterthereportwasdoneandthegirlhadrecoveredsomewhat.Sheexplainedthatshehadfallenonthehighway,weakfromhunger.ShealsothankedDarylforsavingherlife.Daryltoldherthathehadbeenhappytohelp,butasheleftthepolicestationheknewhisbosswouldn’tbehappy.Justashewasabouttostartthecar,hismothercalled.“Haveyouseen?”shesaid.“Abridgecollapsedtwohoursago,theonethatyoudriveoveronthewaytoLosAngeles.”Daryl’sbloodrancold.Ifhehadbeenontime,hewouldhavebeenonthatfallenbridge.Darylrealizedhowluckyhewas.4.WhatdidDarylplantodo?A.Goonholiday.B.VisithismomC.Deliversomegoods.D.Makeareport.5.WhydidDarylfirstleavethegirlbythesideoftheroad?A.Hethoughtthegirlwouldmakesoon.B.Hedidn’twanttobelate.C.Hewassurethatsomeoneelsewouldhelp.D.Heworriedthepolicewouldblamehim.6.HowdidDarylfeelasheleftthepolicestation?A.Worriedthathisbosswouldbeangry.B.Angrythathehadtomakethereport.C.Proudthathehadsavedthegirl’slife.D.Confidentthathewouldbeontime.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Darylwasnowfeelingmorerelaxed.B.Darylthoughthewouldbeintrouble.C.Darylfeltthesuddenchangeintemperature.D.Darylwasgreatlyshockedbythenews.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】

5【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Daryl开着货车前往LosAngeles的路程中，遇到了一个小女孩，他选择了帮助那个小女孩，最后发现自己要经过的桥断了，这个时候他发现自己的善良的行为拯救了自己。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThesunwasrisingwhenDaryl’sdeliverytruckwithgoodsreachedthehighway.Thiswasthebesttimeofdaytodrive,whentheroadswerewideopenandempty.HefeltsurehewasgoingtomakeittoLosAngelesbeforemidnight.(当Daryl的送货卡车开上高速公路时，太阳正在升起。这是一天中开车的最佳时间，路上空旷而空旷。他确信自己能在午夜前赶到洛杉矶)”可知，Daryl是计划送货去LosAngeles的。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nowshewassomeoneelse’sproblembecausehedidn’thavetimetobeahero.(现在她成了别人的麻烦因为他没时间当英雄了)”以及第一段第三句“HefeltsurehewasgoingtomakeittoLosAngelesbeforemidnight.(他确信自己能在午夜前赶到洛杉矶)”可知，Daryl一开始只是把女孩放到路边是因为他没有时间在这里停留，他不想迟到。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Daryltoldherthathehadbeenhappytohelp,butasheleftthepolicestationheknewhisbosswouldn’tbehappy.(Daryl告诉她，他很乐意帮忙，但当他离开警察局时，他知道他的老板不会高兴)”可知，Daryl离开警局时担心老板会因为自己迟到而发怒。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“abridgecollapsedtwohoursago,theonethatyoudriveoveronthewaytoLosAngeles.(两小时前，一座桥塌了，就是你在去洛杉矶的路上开车经过的那座桥)”以及最后一段“Ifhehadbeenontime,hewouldhavebeenonthatfallenbridge.Darylrealizedhowluckyhewas.(如果他准时的话，他会在那座倒塌的桥上。Daryl意识到他是多么幸运)”可知，就在Daryl运货路上的那座桥断了，而要是Daryl途中没有帮助人而按时路过的话，他就会掉下去。由此可知，Daryl有种不寒而栗的感觉，是因为得知劫后余生的真相后受到了极大的震撼。故选D。CBreathingissomethingyoudoalldaylong,withouteventhinkingaboutit.However,youmightbedoingitwrong.Researchshowsthatthewayyoubreatheaffectstheamountofoxygen(氧气)youtakein，aswellashowyouthinkandfeel.Sowhichisit?Doyoubreathethroughyournoseoryourmouth?Somehealthexpertsrecommendpeoplebreatheinthroughthenoseandoutthroughtheirmouth.Otherssaythatpeopleshouldjustfocusonbreathingeasily,payingnoattentiontotheirmouthornosepreference.Butmouthbreathinghasalsobeenconnectedwith

6badbreath,highbloodpressureandbadteeth.Nosebreathingmayimprovehowmemoriesarestabilized(稳定)inourbrains,accordingtoSwedishresearchers.Duringthestudy,participantssmelled12differentsmellsandtheywereaskedtobreatheeitherthroughtheirnoseormouthforanhourafterwards.Then,theywerepresentedwiththeoriginalsetofsmellsandanewset.Thosewhosmelledwiththeirnoserememberedthesmellsbetter.Aresearchteamrecognizedthedifferencesinbrainactivitythathappenedwhensevenepilepsy(癫痫)patientsbreathedthroughthenoseorthroughthemouth.Theteamfoundthreeareasofthebrainwhereactivityisconnectedwithbreathing.Theseareasshowedmorechangesinbrainactivityonlywhenvolunteersbreathedinthroughtheirnoses.So,shouldpeoplebreathingthroughthemouthchangetheirbreathinghabits?Ifyou’rehappywiththewayyoubreatheandyouaren’texperiencinganyhealthproblems,beyourselfandjustkeepyourownway.Butifyouthinkitmightbetimeforachange,focusonbreathingthroughyournoseuntilitbecomesahabit.Itmighthelpyousurviveanemergency.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Yourlifestyle.B.Howyoubreathe.CHowyouthinkandfeel.D.Theoxygenyoutakein.9.WhatdidSwedishresearchersfind?A.Nosebreathingmayimprovememory.B.Mouthbreathingcauseshealthproblems.C.Peoplebreathingthroughthenoseidentifysmellsdifficultly.D.Peoplebreathingthroughthemouthhaveagoodsenseoftaste.10.Whatistheeffectofnosebreathingaccordingtotheresearch?A.Ithelpsonetostayhealthy.B.Itcuresbadbreathandsnoring.C.Itmakesone’sbrainmoreactive.D.Itimprovesone’ssenseofsmell.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnosebreathing?A.It’shardtogetusedto.B.It’ssuitableforeverybody.C.It’swhatpeoplehavetodo.D.It’swhatpeoplecanbenefitfrom.

7【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了瑞典研究人员发现，用鼻子呼吸对我们更有好处。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Researchshowsthatthewayyoubreatheaffectstheamountofoxygen(氧气)youtakein，aswellashowyouthinkandfeel.(研究表明，你呼吸的方式会影响你吸入的氧气量，以及你的思维和感觉。)”可知，研究表明，你呼吸的方式会影响你吸入的氧气量，以及你的思维和感觉，画线词后又提到了到底应该用鼻子呼吸还是用嘴呼吸，此处是说那么到底用哪一种呼吸方式呢？由此可知it指的就是前面提到的呼吸方式，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nosebreathingmayimprovehowmemoriesarestabilized(稳定)inourbrains,accordingtoSwedishresearchers.(瑞典研究人员称，用鼻子呼吸可以提高大脑记忆的稳定性。)”可知，瑞典研究发现鼻子呼吸可以改善记忆力，故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theteamfoundthreeareasofthebrainwhereactivityisconnectedwithbreathing.Theseareasshowedmorechangesinbrainactivityonlywhenvolunteersbreathedinthroughtheirnoses.(研究小组发现大脑中有三个区域的活动与呼吸有关。只有当志愿者用鼻子吸气时，这些区域的大脑活动才会发生更多变化。)”可知，研究发现鼻子呼吸使人的大脑更加活跃，故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butifyouthinkitmightbetimeforachange,focusonbreathingthroughyournoseuntilitbecomesahabit.Itmighthelpyousurviveanemergency.(但如果你认为是时候做出改变了，那就专注于用鼻子呼吸，直到它成为一种习惯。它可能会帮助你在紧急情况下逃生。)”可知，作者认为鼻子呼吸会让人们从中受益，故选D。DWhenweseeapersonintroubleourimmediatereactionistolendahand.Butwhatifweseananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Afterseeingthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoungthefilmcrewweresoconcernedabouttheirsafetythattheybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief."I'm

8soglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectlyinvolved,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.However,othersthinkhumaninterference(干涉)isunnatural."Youcan'thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse,"saidtheshow'screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation."Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren'ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis.Theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope,"hetoldtheBBC.SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,"Ifit'severapredator(捕食者)situation，nomatterhowgut-wrenching，youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear.""There'snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou,"WillLawson,theshow'sdirector,toldDailyMail.12.Whathascausedtoaheatedmediadiscussion?A.People'svariouscommentsonpenguins.B.Thewaysofhelpingthetrappedpenguins.C.Somepenguins'sufferingsinagully.D.WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.13.Howdidthefilmcrewfeelwhenseeingthetrappedpenguins?A.Anxious.B.Sad.C.Annoyed.D.Thrilled.14.WhichhumanactivityisconsideredproperinPaulNicklen'sopinion?A.Shootinganeaglecatchingasnake.B.Preventingapolarbeareatingababybear.C.Watchingalionattackingadeer.D.Distractingacrocodilebitinganantelope.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheNecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimalsinTrouble.B.SuggestionsonHowtoSaveAnimalsinTrouble.C.EffectsofHumanInterferenceonAnimalsinTrouble.D.OpinionsonWhethertoHelpAnimalsinTrouble.

9【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文为议论文。主要对在南极洲冰冷的沟壑“拯救”一群企鹅,引起国际媒体的强烈反响而展开人们对野生动物干预的激烈讨论。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterseeingthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoungthefilmcrewweresoconcernedabouttheirsafetythattheybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.”（在看到一群企鹅和他们的小企鹅掉进沟里被困后，摄摄组非常担心他们的安全，他们建了一个斜坡，以便一些企鹅可以自救）根据第三段“Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.”（这一事件在国际媒体上引起了轰动）可知，拯救企鹅的案子引起了国际媒体的讨论。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterseeingthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoungthefilmcrewweresoconcernedabouttheirsafetythattheybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.”（在看到一群企鹅和他们的小企鹅掉进沟里被困后，摄摄组非常担心他们的安全，他们建了一个斜坡，以便一些企鹅可以自救）可知，当摄制组看到被困的企鹅时感觉很担心。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ifit'severapredator(捕食者)situation,nomatterhowgutwrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear.”（如果是在捕食者的情况下，不管有多痛苦，你都不要插手。甚至当你看到一只雄性北极熊吃掉一只熊宝宝的时候）可知Paul认为即使在动物遇到危险,也不应该人为干预。故C选项“看着一只狮子攻击一只鹿”在保罗·尼克伦看来是正确的。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Afterseeingthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoungthefilmcrewweresoconcernedabouttheirsafetythattheybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.”（在看到一群企鹅和他们的小企鹅掉进沟里被困后，摄摄组非常担心他们的安全，他们建了一个斜坡，以便一些企鹅可以自救）根据第三段“Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief."I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectlyinvolved,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook..”（观看这部电影的观众松了一口气。“我很高兴。我理解不直接采取行动，但伸出援助之手并不碍事，对吧?）根据第四段“However,othersthinkhuman

10interference(干涉)isunnatural.”（然而，其他人认为人类的干预是不自然的）可知，短文主要对在南极洲冰冷的沟壑“拯救”一群企鹅,引起国际媒体的强烈反响而展开人们对野生动物干预的激烈讨论。故短文的最佳标题为“关于是否帮助有困难的动物的意见。”切题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmaythinkthatchoosingtoloseweightrequiresalotofeffortandpain.Thetruthis,youcanloseweight,feelhealthier,andlookamazing,allbydoingsmallthingseveryday.____16____Whenyou’rereadytoloseafewpounds,checkoutthesefivesmalleverydaythingsyoucando.___17___Believeitornot,thediameterofyourdinnerplatecanhaveadramaticimpactonhowmuchfoodyoueatatanytimeoftheday.Thebiggeryourplate,themoreyoucanfitonit,andthemoreyouputintoyourbody.UseaFoodDiaryorAppIt’ssoeasytositatyourdeskoronthecoucheatingupanentirebagofpotatochips,orafullpacketofcookies.___18___Ifyoukeepafooddiaryorappoutliningwhatyoueat,howmuchofit,andhowmanycaloriesithas,youmaybemoreinclinedtocontrolyourfoodintake.DrinkMoreWater___19___Yourbodyneedsmorewaterthanyou’reprobablygivingit,andyoumaybereadingthesignsallwrong.Keepawaterbottleonhand,drinkingwaterthroughouttheday.Bydoingso,youcancontrolyourappetitewhilealsomakingsureyourbodyisnotlackofwater.ExerciseMoreItseemslikeagiven–youexercise,youloseweight.However,it’snotonlythose10-milerunsthatmakeallthedifference.____20____Forinstance,parkfurtherawayatthegrocerystore,takethestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavoriteshow.A.UseSmallerDishesB.Controlyourfoodintake.C.Youhavetomakeplansforexercise.D.Alltoooften,wemistakethirstforhunger.E.Manysmallchangescanmakeasignificantdifference.F.Exercisedoesn’thavetobesomethingyouhavetothinkabouttodo,anditcanbefun.G.However,ifyouknewhowmanycalorieswereinthem,youmaydecidetochangeyourmind.

11【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了可以帮助你减肥的五件小事。【16题详解】空前说你可以通过每天做一些小事来减肥，感觉更健康，看起来更迷人，此处承接上文，讲的是小事也能够有大影响，故E项（许多微小的改变都会产生显著的影响）符合语境。【17题详解】根据本段内容可知，餐盘的直径会对你吃多少食物产生巨大的影响，你的餐盘越大，装的东西就越多，你吃的也就越多，因此本都主要讲的是要用小一些的餐盘，故A项（用小一点的盘子）符合语境。【18题详解】空前说坐在办公桌前或沙发上吃一整袋薯片或一整包饼干是如此容易，下一段又说如果你用食物日记或应用程序记录你吃了什么，吃了多少以及你吃的东西中含有多少卡路里，你可能更倾向于控制你的食物摄入量，因此此处讲的内容是关于一整袋薯片或一整包饼干中的卡路里含量的，故G项（然而，如果你知道其中含有多少卡路里，你可能会改变主意）符合语境。【19题详解】空后说你的身体需要的水可能比你喝的要多，你可能完全误解了这些迹象，因此此处是说口渴的时候我们会以为自己是饿了，故D项（我们常常把口渴误认为饥饿）符合语境。【20题详解】空后说例如，把车停在离杂货店远一点的地方，走台阶而不是坐电梯，在你最喜欢的电视广告时段原地慢跑，这是对空处的举例证明，证明锻炼也可以是有趣的，故F项（锻炼不一定是你迫不得已才去做的事情，它可以是有趣的）符合语境。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，对空处的起举例说明作用的句子往往是重要线索，这些句子通常是由forexample或forinstance引出的，例如本篇第5空，根据空后的“Forinstance,parkfurtherawayatthegrocerystore,takethestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavoriteshow.”可知，例如，把车停在离杂货店远一点的地方，走台阶而不是坐电梯，在你最喜欢的电视广告时段原地慢跑，“Forinstance”表明这是对空处的举例说明，证明锻炼也可以是有趣的，故F项（锻炼不一定是你逼不得已才去做的事情，它可以是有趣的）符合语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MywifeandImovedintoourhometwoyearsago.Wehadayardwithalotof___21___.Veryoftenwhen

12wehaveflowers,DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks,justtoaddsome___22___tothearea. Lastsummer,IfoundatinylittleplantintheyardthatIcouldnotimmediatelyidentify.IknewIdidn’tplantitandDenisesaidshedidn’teither.Wedecidedtoletit___23___growinguntilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas. WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe___24___plant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Idecidedto___25___theweeds(杂草)aroundit.AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomething___26___.Thesunflowerhadnot___27___whereIsawitbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockandgrownunderandaroundittoreachthe___28___. ThatwaswhenI___29___thatifatinylittlesunflowerdidn’tletabigrockstandinitswayofdeveloping,wealsohadtheabilitytodothesamething.Ifwe____30____ourselveslikethatlittlesunflower,wecanreachwherewe____31____togoandgetwhatweneedforgrowth. Weneedtobelieveinourselves,knowingwehavethe____32____toachieveourgoals.Likethesunflower,itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherockbecauseithad____33____initselfthatitwouldsucceed.Standtalllikethesunflowerandbe____34____ofwhoandwhatweare,andthentheenvironmentwillbeginto____35____us.Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundany“rock”inordertoreachourgoals.21.A.flowersB.insectsC.vegetablesD.rocks22.A.waterB.soilC.colorD.shape23.A.stopB.continueC.improveD.escape24.A.weakB.strangeC.lonelyD.pretty25.A.collectB.tendC.removeD.watch26.A.unusualB.pleasantC.terribleD.valuable27.A.passedB.startedC.leftD.died28.A.airB.topC.sunD.house29.A.hopedB.realizedC.doubtedD.regretted30A.fillinB.putinC.worryaboutD.believein31.A.forgetB.hateC.aimD.wait32.A.wishB.planC.abilityD.idea33.A.faithB.energyC.virtueD.courage34.A.awareB.afraidC.proudD.tired35.A.forgiveB.supportC.upsetD.affect【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D

1331.C32.C33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者在院子里看见葵花克服困难努力生长的例子，得出感悟：人需要相信自己才能实现目标取得成功。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的院子里有很多石头。A.flowers花朵；B.insects昆虫；C.vegetables蔬菜；D.rocks岩石。根据下文“DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks”可知，丹尼斯和我在石头之间种植，说明院子里有很多石头，rocks为原词复现。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常当我们有花的时候，丹尼斯或者是我会在石头之间种一些花，就是为了给这个区域增添一些色彩。A.water水；B.soil土壤；C.color颜色；D.shape形状。根据常识可知，因为花朵是有颜色的，所以种花能给这个区域增添色彩。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：决定让它继续成长，直到发现它是什么。A.stop停止；B.continue继续；C.improve改善；D.escape逃脱。根据后文“untilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas”可知，作者想看看它到底是什么植物，推断出作者需要让花朵继续生长。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个星期过去了，当我返回看那颗陌生的植物时，它看起来像是一朵向日葵。A.weak虚弱的；B.strange陌生的；C.lonely孤单的；D.pretty美丽的。根据前文“Wedecidedtoletit___3___growinguntilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas.”可知，作者还不知道这是一株说明植物，推断出作者对这株植物很陌生。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定拔掉它周围的杂草。A.collect收集；B.tend趋向；C.remove移走；D.watch观看。根据后文“AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds”可知，作者要移除杂草。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从这片地区拔出石头去除草时，我发现了某件不寻常的东西。A.unusual不同寻常的；B.pleasant令人愉快的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.valuable有价值的。根据后文“Thesunflowerhadnot___7___whereIsawitbegin.”可知，向日葵并没有从作者看见它的地方开始生长，推断出这件事让作者感到不同寻常。故选A项。【27题详解】

14考查动词词义辨析。句意：向日葵并不是从我看见它的地方开始生长的。A.passed通过；B.started开始；C.left离开；D.died死亡。根据后文“Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrock”可知，向日葵是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，推断出它并不是从作者看到它的地方开始生长的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它实际上是在一块大石头下开始生长的，他在岩石下面和周围生长是为了获得阳光。A.air空气；B.top顶端；C.sun太阳、阳光；D.house房子。根据常识可知，向日葵是朝着太阳生长的，推断出它绕过岩石是为了获得阳光。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我意识到如果一朵小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它的生长，我们也有能力做同样的事情。A.hoped希望；B.realized意识到；C.doubted怀疑；D.regretted遗憾。根据后文“ifatinylittlesunflowerdidn’tletabigrockstandinitswayofdeveloping,wealsohadtheabilitytodothesamething.”可知，这些道理作者从向日葵身上得到感悟，换句话说就是作者从向日葵身上意识到了一个道理。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们像那朵小向日葵一样坚信自己，我们就可以达到我们的目标得到我们成长所需要的东西。A.fillin充满；B.putin放入；C.worryabout担心；D.believein相信。根据后文“Weneedtobelieveinourselves”可知，我们需要相信自己，believein为原词复现。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们像那朵小向日葵一样坚信自己，我们就可以到达我们想去的地方并得到我们成长所需要的东西。A.forget忘记；B.hate憎恨；C.aim目标是、旨在；D.wait等待。根据后文“Weneedtobelieveinourselves,knowingwehavethe___12___toachieveourgoals”可知，坚信自己就可以让我们实现目标，这里的目标指的是前文提到的目标是到达想去的地方和得到成长的东西，aimto为固定搭配，意为“目标是”符合题意。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信自己，知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。A.wish希望；B.plan计划；C.ability能力；D.idea想法。根据后文“Likethesunflower,itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherock”可知，作者认为人们要知道自己有能力去实现目标，就像向日葵知道自己有能力绕过岩石一样，ability为原词复现。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力绕过岩石因为它对自己有信心并相信自己会成功。A.faith信心；B.energy能量；C.virtue美德；D.courage勇气。根据前文“itknewithadthe

15abilitytogetovertherock”可知，向日葵知道自己有能力会越过岩石，推断出它对自己充满信心。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为我们是谁和我们能达到什么样的高度感到骄傲，那么环境就开始支持我们。A.aware知道的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud骄傲的；D.tired累的。根据前文“Standtalllikethesunflower”可知，向日葵昂首挺胸这是拟人手法，暗示了向日葵为自己的能力感到骄傲。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样昂首挺胸，为我们是谁和我们能达到什么样的高度感到骄傲，那么环境就开始支持我们。A.forgive原谅；B.support支持；C.upset使不安；D.affect影响。根据前文“atinylittlesunflowerdidn’tletabigrockstandinitswayofdeveloping”可知，向日葵不会让岩石阻碍它生长对的道路，推断出如果我们像向日葵一样了解目标并为自己骄傲，环境也会为我们改变，换句话说环境会支持我们。故选B项。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，计15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheancientXi’anheldChina’s14thNationalGamesinSeptember.Beingthecapitalofthirteen____36____(dynasty)throughoutChinesehistory,theancientcityhasneverbeenfarfromsports.StartingfromtheWesternZhouDynastytotheTangDynasty(618-907),____37____cityhasheldmanysportsevents.Cuju,theoriginofmodernfootball,wasan____38____(amaze)gamerequiringkickingaballintoanet.____39____(describe)asaformofentertainmentamongthepublic,CujufirstappearedintheancientChinesehistoricalworkZhanGuoCe(StrategiesoftheWarringStates).Inthisperiod,peopleplayedthegame____40____fun.Later,Cujuwas____41____(usual)playedinthearmyformilitarytrainingpurposesduringtheHanDynasty.EmperorHangaozuLiuBang,thefirstemperoroftheWesternHanDynastynotonlylikedwatchingCujugames,butalwaystriedhisfootworkontheplayground.LiuChe,emperorWuoftheHanDynasty,____42____wascrazyaboutCuju,wouldbuildaCujufieldwhereverhisarmywent.HeusedCujuasaway____43____(train)soldiers.The____44____(early)recordofwomenCujuplayerscandatebacktotheHanDynasty.Asawayofnationalcultureprotection,Cuju_____45_____(list)intothefirstgroupofChina’sintangibleculturalheritages(非物质文化遗产)in2006.【答案】36.dynasties37the38.amazing

1639.Described40.for41.usually42.who43.totrain44earliest45.waslisted【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古城西安和古代运动蹴鞠的发展历史。【36题详解】考查名词的数。句意：作为中国历史上13个朝代的都城，这座古城从未远离过体育运动。dynasty由thirteen修饰应用复数形式。故填dynasties。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：从西周到唐代（618-907），这座城市举办了许多体育赛事。分析句子可知，句中“city”特指上文提到的“Xi’an”，故空格处应用定冠词“the”，表示特指。故填the。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：蹴鞠是现代足球的起源，是一项令人惊叹的运动，需要将球踢入网中。修饰名词game应用形容词amazing，作定语。故填amazing。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：蹴鞠被描述为一种大众娱乐形式，最早出现在中国古代历史著作《战国策》中。分析句子可知，句子有谓语动词“appeared”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句子主语“Cuju”和“describe”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空格处应用“describe”的过去分词“described”，作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Described。【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在这个时期，人们玩这个游戏是为了好玩。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“forfun”，意为“为了好玩”，故空格处应用介词“for”，意为“为了”。故填for。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：后来，到了汉朝，蹴鞠运动通常在军队中进行，用于军事训练。修饰动词played应用副词形式usually，意为“通常”。故填usually。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：汉武帝刘彻酷爱蹴鞠，无论军队走到哪里，他都会建造一个蹴鞠场。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为LiuChe，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。

17【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他用蹴鞠作为训练士兵的一种方式。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“awaytodosth.”，意为“一种做某事的方式”，不定式作后置定语修饰抽象名词“way”。故填totrain。【44题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：最早的女子蹴鞠记录可以追溯到汉代。根据句意和句中定冠词“The”可知，句中指“最早的女子蹴鞠记录”，故应用最高级，“early”意为“早期的”，形容词词性，最高级为“earliest”。故填earliest。【45题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：作为一种民族文化保护方式，蹴鞠于2006年被列入中国第一批非物质文化遗产。分析句子可知，提示词是谓语动词，与主语Cuju之间是被动关系，结合句中时间状语“in2006”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语Cuju是一项运动，不可数名词，be动词用was。故填waslisted。第四部分写作第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，春节即将来临，你写信告知你的英国朋友Jack说你们刚搬入新学校，打算号召同学们一起建设“绿色校园”。具体要点如下：1.写信目的；2.具体做法；3.你的希望与期待回复。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。DearJack,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJack,I’mmorethanhappytohearfromyou.Wehavejustmovedintoournewly-builtschool.WiththeSpring

18Festivalapproaching,Iwouldliketocallonmyclassmatestobuilda“greenschool”.Toaddbeautytoourschool,wearegoingtoplantmoretreesoncampus.Besides,recyclingisalwaysthebestmethodtoprotecttheenvironment,sowewillrecyclebottles,plasticbagsandwastenewspapers.Furthermore,wewillmakeanefforttosaveenergyatschool,forexample,turningoffthelightswhenleavingclassroom.Ihopeunitedeffortscanmakeourschoolareal“greenschool”.Doyouthinkso?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jack写信，告知他你和同学们打算号召同学们一起建设“绿色校园”的行动，具体要点如下：1.写信目的；2.具体做法；3.你的希望与期待回复。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：happy→delighted临近：approach→drawnear此外：besides→what’smore节约：save→conserve2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Toaddbeautytoourschool,wearegoingtoplantmoretreesoncampus.拓展句：Wearegoingtoplantmoretreesoncampus,whosepurposeistoaddbeautytoourschool.【点睛】【高分句型1】WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,Iwouldliketocallonmyclassmatestobuilda“greenschool”.(运用了with复合结构)【高分句型2】Ihopeunitedeffortscanmakeourschoolareal“greenschool”.(运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TherearemanythingsinseniormiddleschoolthatIstillrememberclearly.Istudiedthreeyearsinacountryschool,whichisfaraway.However,ithasagoodenvironmentandstrictbutkindteachers,soIlovedtheschoolandallmyteachersverymuch.OneFriday,justaswebegantoreadbooksinreadingclassatourdesks,ourteacher,Mrs.Hill,saidthatsheneededtobeoutoftheclassroomforafewminutes.Sheaskedtheclasstoreadinsilence

19whileshewasgone.Andshesaidthatthosewhodidn’treadbooksinsilencewouldhavetoanswerherwhenshereturned.Itwaswell-knownthatMrs.Hillwasstrict.Sowehadtobeonourbestbehaviour.ButthatFriday,Mrs.Hillhadn’tbeengonefortensecondsbeforesomestudentsintheclassroomstartedtotalk.FromonecorneroftheroomIheardJoshaskNick,“CanItrademycandiesforyourtoy?”AttheotherendoftheroomIheardSamanthatellKayla,“Let’ssittogetheronthebusforthemuseumfieldtriptomorrow.”Andsoitwentallaroundme,untilabouthalfofthestudentscommunicatedwitheachother.Afterawhile,I,too,forgotaboutMrs.Hill’sinstructions.IturnedbackandaskedmyfriendLiza,“CanIborrowyourstorybookandkeepitforaday?”Assoonasthewordswereoutofmymouth,Mrs.Hillwalkedintotheclassroom.Thewholeclassreturnedtosilenceimmediately.Andwewerefulloffear.Mrs.Hillslowlylookedaroundtheclassroomandsaid,“IfyouweretalkingwhileIwasgone,thenpleasestandup.”Theguilt(内疚)suddenlyweighedheavilyonme.“Ishouldn’thavetalkedwhileshewasnotintheclassroom.AndnowIshouldbehonestandadmitmymistakebravely.Thisiswhatmyparentshavealwaystoldme.”Ithought.Then,Isummonedup(鼓起)mycouragetostandup,worriedaboutthepunishmentthatwaitedforme.ThenIlookedaround.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Tomysurprise,noonefollowedmeandIwastheonlyoneintheclassroomstanding.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WithMrs.Hill’sencouragement,anotherstudentstoodup.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Tomysurprise,noonefollowedmeandIwastheonlyoneintheclassroomstanding.Iloweredmyhead,

20aloneandfilledwithfear.Afterlookingaroundforawhile,Mrs.Hillwalkedtowardsme.Strangely,sheaskedinasoftvoice,“Whydidyoudaretostandup?”IsaidIwantedtobehonestandthatIrealizedwhatIhaddonewaswrong.Unexpectedly,Mrs.Hillwasquiteamazedbymyanswerandpraisedmeforthat.Thenshereturnedtothefrontoftheclassroomandexplainedwhyweshouldbehonest.WithMrs.Hill’sencouragement,anotherstudentstoodup.Thenmorestudentsfolloweduntilabouthalfofthestudentsstoodup.Seeingit,Mrs.Hillpraisedusforourcourage.Then,sheaskedustositdown.Wecontinuedreadingbooks.Afterwefinished,Mrs.Hillremindedustorememberthateveryoneshouldberesponsibleforhisbehaviour.Weallagreedwithher.AndIwashappythatinawayIsetagoodexampletomyclassmates.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对于初中生活“诚实坦率”事件的回忆。初中的Mrs.Hill老师是一个严格的老师，一次，她需要暂时离开教室，叮嘱学生继续默读。但是，她刚出去，学生们就开始说话讨论，包括作者自己。Mrs.Hill回到教室，要求说话的学生主动站起来，彼时只有作者自己一人勇敢地站起来并承认了错误。Mrs.Hill听到作者的对于自己错误的承认后，很是欣慰，并再次强调了诚实的重要性。果然，不少学生在这样的鼓励下，都主动站起来承认错误。令作者感到高兴的是，他成为了诚实的好榜样。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Tomysurprise,noonefollowedmeandIwastheonlyoneintheclassroomstanding.(令我惊讶的是，没有人跟着我（一起站起来），教室里只有我一个人站着。)”可知，第一段可描写作者独自站起来之后，老师的反应，询问原因以及给予鼓励。②由第二段首句内容“WithMrs.Hill’sencouragement,anotherstudentstoodup.(在Mrs.Hill的鼓励下，另一名学生站了起来。)”可知，第二段可描写其他学生在老师的鼓励下站起来承认错误之后，老师感到欣慰并对学生给予表扬，强调诚实的重要性。2.续写线索：作者感到孤单和害怕——老师询问——作者诚实地承认错误——老师给予表扬——老师鼓励学生要诚实——学生一个一个地站起来——再次强调诚实的重要性——作者的感受3.词汇激活行为类①环顾四周：lookaround/lookabout②走向某人：walktowardssb./cometosb.③返回：returnto/gobackto④继续做某事：continuedoing/goondoing情绪类

21①恐惧：fear/terror②吃惊：surprise/amazement③高兴的：happy/glad/pleasant【点睛】[高分句型1].IsaidIwantedtobehonestandthatIrealizedwhatIhaddonewaswrong.（运用了that和what引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2].Thenshereturnedtothefrontoftheclassroomandexplainedwhyweshouldbehonest.（运用了why引导的宾语从句）听力答案：1-5ABACA6-10CACCB11-15BAACB16-20CBCAB