重庆市第十一中学校2022-2023学年高一下半期考试英语 Word版含解析

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重庆十一中高2025届高一下半期考试英语试题考试时间120分钟总分150分总页数10页第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)注意事项：第I卷为选择题，共60小题，共100分。在每小题给出的选项中，只有一个最符合题目要求。每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选择其他答案标号。不能直接写在本试卷上。第一部分：听力测试(共两节，20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节：听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhosebirthdayisitnextSunday?A.Nancy’s.B.Theman’s.C.Thewoman’s.2.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Gohiking.B.MeethisfriendLewis.C.Campinthemountains.3.Howmuchdidthewomanpayfortherefrigeratorfiveyearsago?A.$150.B.$300.C.$800.4.Whatdayisittoday?A.Saturday.B.Sunday.C.Monday.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atahotel.B.Atatheater.C.Atarestaurant.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherpresentjob?A.It’sboring.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’sinteresting.7.Whendoesthewomanhavetomakeherfinaldecision?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Intwodays.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

18.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Toazoo.B.Toahotel.C.Toacoffeeshop.9.Whatshouldthewomandoatthetrafficlights?A.Turnleft.B.Tumright.C.Gostraight.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdidProfessorSmithteach?A.Physics.B.Math.C.Music.11.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Harbor?A.Hewasn’tstrictatall.B.Heonlytaughtschoolsubjects.C.Hewasonceafifth-gradeteacher.12.Whatistheman’ssuggestionforthewoman?A.Visitingherelementaryschool.B.GettingintouchwithMr.Harbor.C.SendinganemailtoProfessorSmith.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shewaslost.B.Shehadanaccident.C.Shetookawrongbus.14.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Staystill.B.Callanambulance.C.Trytostandup.15.Whatdoesthewomangivetothemanintheend?A.Herpassport.B.Aradio.C.HerIDcard.16.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Areporter.B.Apoliceman.C.Adoctor.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenistheman’sweeklyfamilydinner?A.OnTuesday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.18.WhoisMark?A.Theman’sfather.B.Theman’sbrother.C.Theman’sgrandfather.19.Whatdoesthemanwanttodowiththestuffinthebox?A.Sellitformoney.B.Throwitaway.C.Keepitinthegarage.

220.Whatdoesthemanaskhismothertodoattheend?A.Makehimdinner.B.Callhimback.C.Buyhimabike.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAmazingScientistsWhoHappentoBeTeenagersWe’vegotalistofteenscientistsfromavarietyoffields.JackAndrakaJackAndrakacreatedabiologicalsensorfortestingcanceratanearlystage.Hesaysthatthepapersensoris168timesfaster,26,667timeslessexpensiveand400timesmoresensitivethantechnologynowadays.He’stheyoungestpersontohavespokeninfrontoftheRoyalSocietyofMedicine.TaylorWilsonTaylorWilsonwastheyoungestpersontoachievenuclearfusion(核聚变).HewasinspiredbyTheRadioactiveBoyScout,anovelinwhichakidtriesandfailstobuildanuclearreactor.Taylorthoughthecoulddobetter.Longstoryshort,hewantedtobuildasmallnuclearreactor.Andhediditattheageoffourteen.HereceivedaThielFellowship,whichgavehim$100,000toworkonhisownresearch.SaraVolzSaraVolzperformedexperimentsinwhichshegrewalgae(藻类)basedontheiroiloutputforthepurposeofgrowingthemasbiofuel.Thisresearchisespeciallyimportantastheworldcontinuestosearchforawaytoreduceourdependenceonnon-renewableenergy.Shewonthetopprizeof$100,000intheIntelScienceTalentSearch.DanielBurdPlasticusuallytakesthousandsofyearstodecompose(分解),butthishighschoolstudentDanielBurdmanagedtodoitinthreemonths.Inanexperiment,hemixedplasticbagsandaspecialkindofdirttogether,andfoundthattheydiddecomposefaster.Hethenperformedteststofindthebacteria(细菌)responsiblefordecomposingtheplastics.Hissolutiononlyproduceswaterandsmallamountsofcarbondioxide.Hesaysitcouldeasilybeusedelsewhere.1.Whoinventedamedicalinstrument?A.JackAndraka.B.TaylorWilson.C.SaraVolz.D.DanielBurd.

32.WhatexcitedTaylorWilson’sinterestinhisinvention?A.Atravelprogram.B.Plasticpollution.C.Energyshortage.D.Astorybook.3.WhatdoweknowaboutDanielBurd’sinvention?A.Itismadefromplastics.B.Itdoeslittleharmtotheenvironment.C.Itwascompletedinthreemonths.D.Itiswidelyusedineverydaywaste.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几位青少年科学家以及他们的发明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据JackAndraka部分“JackAndrakacreatedabiologicalsensorfortestingcanceratanearlystage.(杰克·安德拉卡发明了一种用于早期癌症检测的生物传感器)”可知，杰克·安德拉卡发明了医疗器械。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TaylorWilson部分“HewasinspiredbyTheRadioactiveBoyScout,anovelinwhichakidtriesandfailstobuildanuclearreactor.(他受到《放射性童子军》的启发，这本小说讲述了一个孩子试图建造核反应堆却失败的故事)”可知，是一本故事书激发了TaylorWilson对他的发明的兴趣。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据DanielBurd部分“Hissolutiononlyproduceswaterandsmallamountsofcarbondioxide.(他的解决方案只产生水和少量二氧化碳)”以及常识可知，DanielBurd的发明对环境几乎没有危害。故选B项。BIn2017,besidesafull-timejob,Ialsocoachedtwobasketballteams.Irememberthedayswhenwehadaquickmealinthecarafterworkandtriedtofigureoutwhichsoccergame,basketballgame,orfamilyeventweweredrivingtowards.Wejustintentionallycreatedfamilytimetoconnectwitheachother.OnedaywhenIfinishedaplayhouseforthekids,three-year-oldMatthewcameandaskedtohelp.“Sorry,kid,butI’malldone,”Ireplied.“Ohno...”criedMatthew.Now,anythree-year-oldcryingaftermissingaprojectwiththeirdadwouldbesweet.CryingMatthewlookedlikeanewborncat,meltingaheartofstone.ButwhatcouldIdo?IhadfinishedtheprojectandnowIhadtodisappointthelittleboy.SuddenlyIrealized,“hejustwantstodoanyprojectwithme.Justmakeoneup!”Icaughttwopiecesofuselesswood,“Youseethiswoodhere?Ineedthesetwopiecesofwoodtobeheldtogetherreallytight.Canyouhelpme?”

4Aslightsmilewasonhisface,“Yes!”Theresultwasapleasedlittleboywhoseheartwasfull.WhatIsawwastwopiecesofjunkwood.Whathesawwastheconnectionwithhisfather.Hesawcompanionshippriority(优先权),worthandaplacetobelongto.Parentsalwaysthink,“I’llcreatefamilytimenextSaturday.”Butyoudon’talwayshavetodobigthingstofillchildren’shearts.Infactthesimpleactofbeingpresentmeanstheworldtolittlehearts.Lookatthatface!Thosearetheeyesofalittleonewhoreceivednothing.Andeverything.4.Whydidthefamilyeatinthecarafterwork?A.Toavoidheavytrafficjams.B.Tospendmoretimewithfamilymembers.C.Toremovethetroubleofcooking.D.Tohaveextrabasketballclasses.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMatthewinParagraph2?A.Hewantedtobuildtheplayhouseindependently.B.Hewasdisappointedwiththeplayhouse.C.Hewantedtodoprojectswithhisdad.D.Hemissedtheschoolprojectandwasverysad.6.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Efficientandpatient.B.Educatedandstrict.C.Open-mindedandgenerous.D.Thoughtfulandcaring.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LookingAfterKidsIsEasyB.ARoleModelforKidsCountsC.FamilyEventsBringUsTogetherD.BalancingWorkandFamilyIsImportant【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名父亲，总是会创造家庭时间陪伴家人。从一次儿子希望作者陪伴的故事中，作者了解到了所谓家庭时间其实并不需要多大的事情，简单的陪伴就可以。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Irememberthedayswhenwehadaquickmealinthecarafterworkandtriedtofigureoutwhichsoccergame,basketballgame,orfamilyeventweweredrivingtowards.Wejustintentionallycreatedfamilytimetoconnectwitheachother.(我还记得那些日子，我们下班后在车里匆匆吃了顿饭，然后努力弄清楚我们要去看哪场足球比赛、篮球比赛或家庭活动。我们只是有意地创造了家庭时间来彼此交流)”推知，作者一家选择在车里吃饭是为了能有更多的时间陪伴家人。故选B。【5题详解】

5细节理解题。根据文章第二段“SuddenlyIrealized,‘hejustwantstodoanyprojectwithme.Justmakeoneup!’(突然我意识到，‘他只是想和我一起做任何项目。编一个吧!’)”可知，Matthew只是想和父亲一起完成一个搭建项目。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“In2017,besidesafull-timejob,Ialsocoachedtwobasketballteams.Irememberthedayswhenwehadaquickmealinthecarafterworkandtriedtofigureoutwhichsoccergame,basketballgame,orfamilyeventweweredrivingtowards.(2017年，除了全职工作，我还执教过两支篮球队。我记得有几天，我们下班后在车里吃了一顿快餐，试图弄清楚我们要开车去看哪场足球赛、篮球赛或家庭活动)”和第二段“Now,anythree-year-oldcryingaftermissingaprojectwiththeirdadwouldbesweet.CryingMatthewlookedlikeanewborncat,meltingaheartofstone.ButwhatcouldIdo?IhadfinishedtheprojectandnowIhadtodisappointthelittleboy.SuddenlyIrealized,‘hejustwantstodoanyprojectwithme.Justmakeoneup!’(现在，任何一个三岁的孩子因为错过了和爸爸在一起的项目而哭都是可爱的。哭泣的Matthew看起来像一只刚出生的猫，融化了一颗铁石心肠。但是我能做什么呢？我已经完成了这个项目，现在我不得不让小男孩失望了。突然我意识到，“他只是想和我一起做任何项目。编一个吧!”)”可知，作者就算很忙也尽量抽时间和家人在一起，为了安慰Matthew而编造一个任务，故他是一个体贴而又关心家人的父亲。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合倒数第二段中“WhatIsawwastwopiecesofjunkwood.Whathesawwastheconnectionwithhisfather.Hesawcompanionship,priority,worthandaplacetobelongto.(我看到的是两块废木头。他看到的是与他父亲的联系。他看到了陪伴、优先权、价值和归属)”可知，文章主要讲述的家庭活动让家人们凝聚在一起。所以C项“家庭活动让我们聚在一起”适合作为文章标题。故选C。CClosetotheNorthPole,remoteandrockyPlateauMountainintheNorwegianarchipelagoofSvalbardseemsanunlikelyspotforanyglobalefforttosafeguardagriculture.Yetattheendofa130-meter-longtunnelcutoutofsolidstoneisaroomfilledwithhumanity’smostprecioustreasure,thelargestandmostdiverseseedcollection—morethanahalf-billionseeds.Withgrowingevidencethatuncheckedclimatechangewillseriouslyaffectfoodproductionandthreatenthediversity(多样性)ofcropsaroundtheworld,theSvalbardGlobalSeedVault(地窖)representsamajorsteptowardsensuringthepreservation(贮藏)ofhundredsofthousandsofcropvarieties.Thisisaseedcollection,butmoreimportantly,itisacollectionofthetraits(特征)foundwithintheseeds:thegenesthatgiveonevarietyresistancetoaparticularpestandanothervarietytoleranceforhot,dryweather.

6Insealedboxes,behindmultiplelockeddoors,monitoredbyelectronicsecuritysystems,envelopedinbelow-zerotemperatures,andsurroundedbytonsofrock,hundredsofmillionsofseedsareprotectedintheirmountainfortress.Frozeninsuchconditionsinsidethemountain,seedsofmostmajorcropswillremainviableforhundredsofyears,orlonger.Seedsofsomearecapableofretaining(保留)theirabilitytogrowforthousandsofyears.EveryonecanlookbacknowandsaythattheSeedVaultwasagoodandobviousidea.Butbackin2004,whentheSeedVaultwasproposed,itwasviewedasacrazy,impractical,andexpensiveidea.Weknewthatnothingwouldprovideadefiniteguarantee.Butweweretired,fedup,andfranklyscaredofthesteady,greaterlossesofcropdiversity.TheSeedVaultwasbuiltbyoptimistswhowantedtodosomethingtopreserveoptionssothathumanityanditscropsmightbebetterpreparedforchange.Ifitsimplyresuppliedseedgenebankswithsamplesthosegenebankshadlost,thiswouldrepayourefforts.TheSeedVaultisabouthopeandcommitment—aboutwhatcanbedoneifcountriescometogetherandworkcooperativelytoaccomplishsomethingsignificant,long-lasting,andworthyofwhoweareandwishtobe.8.Accordingtothepassage,theSeedVaultis________.A.aseedgenebankthatstoresdiverseseedsforfutureagricultureB.alabwhereresearchersstudyhowtomaintainthediversityofcropsC.astoneroomthatcontainstheseedsofendangeredcropsD.atunnelwherethecollectedseedsaredisplayed9.Theunderlinedword“viable”inParagraph3probablymeans________.A.matureB.aliveC.cleanD.valuable10.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellus?A.whatpeopledotostudytheseeds.B.wherepeoplekeeptheseeds.C.whytheseedsareprotected.D.howtheseedsarepreserved.11.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.theSeedVaultoffersasolutiontoclimatechange.B.mostcountriestookpartinrescuingtheseedvarieties.C.manypeopleoriginallyconsideredbuildingtheSeedVaultunwise.D.theSeedVaultguaranteestopreventthelossofcropdiversity.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】

7本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了在靠近北极的挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛上，偏远而多岩石的高原山里的一个世界最大、最多样化的种子基因库。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withgrowingevidencethatuncheckedclimatechangewillseriouslyaffectfoodproductionandthreatenthediversity(多样性)ofcropsaroundtheworld,theSvalbardGlobalSeedVault(地窖)representsamajorsteptowardsensuringthepreservation(贮藏)ofhundredsofthousandsofcropvarieties.Thisisaseedcollection,butmoreimportantly,itisacollectionofthetraits(特征)foundwithintheseeds:thegenesthatgiveonevarietyresistancetoaparticularpestandanothervarietytoleranceforhot,dryweather.(随着越来越多的证据表明，不受控制的气候变化将严重影响粮食生产，并威胁到世界各地作物的多样性，斯瓦尔巴特群岛全球种子库是确保数成千上万的作物品种贮藏的重要一步。这是一批种子，但更重要的是，它是种子中发现的特征的集合：使一个品种对特定害虫的抗性，而使另一个品种对炎热干燥天气有耐受性的基因)”可知，这个种子库里为未来农业储存多种种子的种子基因库，一旦气候变化破坏了世界各地作物的多样性，这里的种子就可以派上用场。故选A项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Frozeninsuchconditionsinsidethemountain,seedsofmostmajorcropswillremainviableforhundredsofyears,orlonger.Seedsofsomearecapableofretaining(保留)theirabilitytogrowforthousandsofyears.(在这样的条件下被冻在山里，大多数主要作物的种子将保持viable数百年或更长时间。有些种子能够保留它们生长数千年的能力)”可知，下句Seedsofsomearecapableofretaining(保留)theirabilitytogrowforthousandsofyears可知，有些种子在数千年后，依然能发芽生长，与上一句为顺接关系，故推知：保存在这里的大多数主要作物的种子几百年之后还是有生命力的。A.mature成熟的；B.alive活着的；C.clean干净的；D.valuable有价值的。viable与alive意思相近，故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Insealedboxes,behindmultiplelockeddoors,monitoredbyelectronicsecuritysystemsenvelopedinbelow-zerotemperatures,andsurroundedbytonsofrock,hundredsofmillionsofseedsareprotectedintheirmountainfortress.(在密封的盒子里，在多个锁着的门后面，由电子安全系统监控，在零度以下的环境中，被许多岩石包围，数以亿计的种子被山中堡垒所保护)”可知，第三段主要讲了种子在这个种子库中是如何储存的，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butbackin2004,whentheSeedVaultwasproposed,itwasviewedasacrazy，impractical,andexpensiveidea.(但早在2004年，当种子库被提出时，它被视为一个疯狂的、不切实际的、昂贵的想法)”中的几个形容词（crazy,impractical,andexpensive）可知，许多人最初认为建立种子库是不明智的。故选C项。

8DWhengoingthroughmajorlifechanges,likechangingcareers,IwouldchangethepeoplewithwhomIspentthemosttime.We’veallgonethroughperiodswhenthepeopleinourliveshavechanged—graduation,movingtoanewcity,gettinganewjob,joininganewclub,etc.Idon’tthinkIneedtoconvinceyoujusthowmuchinfluenceotherpeoplecanhaveoveryouridentity.Ifyou’veeverexperiencedamajorswitchinyourpeopleenvironment,thenyouknowthatyouchangeaswell.Mostpeopledon’tmakethesechoicesconsciouslythough.Youmightconsciouslydecidetospendmoretimewithacertainfriend,oryoumayasksomeoneoutonadatetobeginanewrelationship.Butfewpeoplechoosetheirexistingfriendshipsdeliberately.There’sno“gettingridofpeople”.Peoplearealwaysdroppingintoandoutofeachother’slives.Associationsgrowintofriendships,andfriendshipsfadeintoassociations.Youdon’tgetridofanyone.Thetruthisthatinordertomakeroomfornewpeopleandnewexperiences,youmayneedtoloosenupsomeofyourexistingconnections.Whataboutloyalty?Shouldn’tyoualwaysbeloyaltoyourfriends?Onceyouhaveaclosefriend,eveniftheirinfluenceonyouisslightlyharmful,shouldn’tyoustickbythem?Loyaltytoafriendsometimesmeanshavingtoletgo.Itmeansbeingloyaltotheirhighestandbestaswell.Ifsomeoneisdestroyinghishealthbysmoking,forexample,youaren’tshowingloyaltybysmokingrightalongwithhim.Trueloyallysometimesrequiresthatyoubreakdamagingconnections,getyourselfbackonsolidground,andthendecidewhatyoucanreallydotohelpyourfriend.Itcantakealotofcouragetotellsomeone,“I’msorry,butIcan’thaveyouinmylifeanymore."Buteventhoughthismightseemlikeaselfishactattimes,it’softenthebestthingfortheotherpersontoo.Ifarelationshipisholdingyoubackinsomeway,understandthatitisalsohurtingtheotherperson.Forexample,ifyouworkforaviolentboss,youracceptanceofthatsituationisconsideredtobesilentapproval,encouragingyourbosstocontinuetobehaveviolently.12.Whenexperiencingmajorlifechanges,peoplemay________.A.joinanewsocialcommunityB.influencetheirfriendsaroundC.choosetheirfriendshipspurposelyD.havetheirpeopleenvironmentchanged13.WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph3inthepassage?A.Everyonehasatleastonefriend.B.Friendshipstillexiststhoughthere’slessconnection.C.Itisunnecessarytomakenewfriends.

9D.Yououghttotreatyouroldandnewfriendequally.14.Whatistheauthor’sopinionontheloyaltytofriends?A.Neverbetrayyourclosefriendswhateverhappens.B.Correcttheirmistakeswhileyouguardtheirgoodness.C.Stickbyyourfriendseventhoughtheydoharmloyou.D.Breakupwithyourfriendsimmediatelyiftheysmoke.15.Howshouldwebehavewhenemployedbyaviolentboss?A.Weshouldacceptwhatwearetoldtodo.B.Weshouldstaysilentandbeinfavorofit.C.Weshouldbravelydisobeyhimifheiswrong.D.Weshouldgiveourbosscouragetocontinue.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人们经历生活中的重大变化时，也会改变他/她周围的人，其中就包括我们的朋友关系。文章介绍了在这种情况下，对待朋友我们应该有的正确态度和方法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一句“Whengoingthroughmajorlifechanges,likechangingcareers,IwouldchangethepeoplewithwhomIspentthemosttime.”可知当人们经历生活中的重大变化时，也会改变他/她周围的人。故D项正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“There’sno“gettingridofpeople”.Peoplearealwaysdroppingintoandoutofeachother’slives.Associationsgrowintofriendships,andfriendshipsfadeintoassociations.”可知当我们做出改变的时候，和别人的联系变成了友谊，这时双方的关系得到了升华；然后友谊变成了联系。但是虽然关系不如之前紧密，但友谊仍然是存在的。故B项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Itmeansbeingloyaltotheirhighestandbestaswell.”和最后一句“Trueloyallysometimesrequiresthatyoubreakdamagingconnections,getyourselfbackonsolidground,andthendecidewhatyoucanreallydotohelpyourfriend.”可知对朋友的忠诚意味着要认可他们的优点同时帮助他们改正缺点。故B项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Itcantakealotofcouragetotellsomeone,“I’msorry,butIcan’thaveyouin

10mylifeanymore."Buteventhoughthismightseemlikeaselfishactattimes,it’softenthebestthingfortheotherpersontoo.”可知告诉别人不再做朋友是需要勇气的，但是即使这似乎是自私的行为，但对别人来说却常常是最好的事情。如果你被一个粗鲁的老板雇佣，如果在他犯错的时候，我们要勇敢地反对他的意见。故C项正确。第二节(共5小题、每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday'sincreasinglycompetitivesociety,peopleareloadedwithagrowingamountofstress.Stresscanaffecthowyoufeel,think,andbehave.___16___It'sworthtakingthetimetolearndifferentstrategiesformanagingyourstress.●Identifythecause.Ifyouarehavingproblemswithtensemuscles,overtirednessheadaches,itisquitepossiblystress-related.Isityourjob,relationshiporsomethingelse?Problemscanbedividedintothreecategories:thosewithapracticalsolution,thosewillgetbetterwithtimeandthoseoutsideyourcontrol.___17___●Moveyourbody.Exercisewon'tcureyourstress,butitcanhelptocleanyourhead.Trysomethingnew:yogamaybecalming,butthere'snothingmorethrillingthanhittingapunchbag.Don'tworsenthestressbydrinkingandsmoking.___18___Theywillonlymakeyoufeelphysicallyandmentallyworse.___19___Ifyouarethekindofpersonwhoisopentoadvicecomplaintoafriendaboutyourstress.Friendscanworkasasupportgroup,andtheymayprovideyouwithsolutions.Sometimes,youcan'tseetheeasywayoutofsituationwhenyouarestandingrightinthemiddleofit.●Makealist.Havingtoomuchtodomaycauseyoutorusharoundbecause,ifyouaremovingfaster,itfeelsasifyouaregettingmoredone.___20___Makeato-dolist.Dothebig,importantthingslast,afteryouhaveachievedseveralofthesmallthings.Thatway,youwillapproachthebigthingsalreadyfeelinggood.A.Talkitthrough.B.Beagoodlistener.C.Thesearen'tsolutions.D.Itpaystotrynewthings.E.Butthisisafalseimpression.F.Itcanalsoimpacthowyourbodyfunctions.G.Focusonthefirstkindandignoretheothers.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.A20.E【解析】

11【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了面对压力的一些措施。【16题详解】根据上文“Intoday'sincreasinglycompetitivesociety,peopleareloadedwithagrowingamountofstress.Stresscanaffecthowyoufeel,think,andbehave.(在当今竞争日益激烈的社会，人们承受着越来越多的压力。压力可以影响你的感觉、思考和行为)”以及后文“It'sworthtakingthetimetolearndifferentstrategiesformanagingyourstress.(值得花时间学习不同的压力管理策略)”可知，上文提到压力对人各方面的影响，后文则说值得花时间学习压力管理策略，可知本句应承接上文继续说明压力对人的影响，F选项中It指代上文Stress。故F选项“它也会影响你的身体功能”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“●Identifythecause.Ifyouarehavingproblemswithtensemuscles,overtirednessheadaches,itisquitepossiblystress-related.Isityourjob,relationshiporsomethingelse?Problemscanbedividedintothreecategories:thosewithapracticalsolution,thosewillgetbetterwithtimeandthoseoutsideyourcontrol.(●确定原因。如果你有肌肉紧张、过度疲劳头痛的问题，那很可能是与压力有关的。是你的工作，感情还是别的什么?问题可以分为三类：那些有实际解决方案的问题，那些会随着时间变得更好的问题，以及那些你无法控制的问题)”可知，本段的主旨是确定压力产生的原因，且上文提到了三类问题，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明如何处理这些问题：专注于第一种，忽略其他。故G选项“专注于第一种，忽略其他”符合语境，故选G。18题详解】根据上文“●Moveyourbody.Exercisewon'tcureyourstress,butitcanhelptocleanyourhead.Trysomethingnew:yogamaybecalming,butthere'snothingmorethrillingthanhittingapunchbag.Don'tworsenthestressbydrinkingandsmoking.(●锻炼身体。运动不能治愈你的压力，但它可以帮助清理你的头脑。尝试一些新的东西：瑜伽可能让人平静，但没有什么比打沙袋更让人兴奋的了。不要因为抽烟喝酒而加重压力)”可知，上文提到不要因为抽烟喝酒而加重压力，故本句承接上文说明原因：这些不是解决方案。C选项中These指代上文drinkingandsmoking。故C选项“这些不是解决方案”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据后文“Ifyouarethekindofpersonwhoisopentoadvicecomplaintoafriendaboutyourstress.Friendscanworkasasupportgroup,andtheymayprovideyouwithsolutions.Sometimes,youcan'tseetheeasywayoutofsituationwhenyouarestandingrightinthemiddleofit.(如果你是那种愿意听取建议的人，那就向朋友抱怨你的压力。朋友可以作为一个支持团体，他们可能会为你提供解决方案。有时候，当你站在困境的正中间时，你看不到摆脱困境的简单方法)”可知，后文提到通过向朋友倾诉自己的压力来缓解压力，即通过交谈来缓解压力，故A选项“好好谈一谈”符合语境，故选A。

12【20题详解】根据上文“●Makealist.Havingtoomuchtodomaycauseyoutorusharoundbecause,ifyouaremovingfaster,itfeelsasifyouaregettingmoredone.(●列一个列表。有太多事情要做可能会让你东奔西跑，因为如果你走得更快，就会感觉你完成的事情更多)”以及后文“Makeato-dolist.Dothebig,importantthingslast,afteryouhaveachievedseveralofthesmallthings.Thatway,youwillapproachthebigthingsalreadyfeelinggood.(列一个待办事项清单。在你完成了一些小事情之后，再去做那些大的、重要的事情。这样，你就会以良好的感觉去处理大事)”可知，上文提到“你走得更快，就会感觉你完成的事情更多”这一观念，后文则提出要列一个待办事项清单，建议在完成了一些小事情之后，再去做那些大的、重要的事情，可见本句与上文构成转折，说明上文提到的观点是错误的，故E选项“但这是一个错误的印象”符合语境，故选E。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑IspentmyteenagelifeinSichuanprovince.Outside,therewastheSino-Japanesewar.However,itcouldnotholdbackmy____21____.Whatlay____22____thewar?Iwaseagertoexplore.Ialwayslostmyselfin____23____thoughtsbylookingatmapswitheyes____24____tocountrieswithseacoastsandislands.IfeltIcouldeasilysatisfymythirstfortheoutsideworldbydrinkingtheseawateronthoseislands,watchingtheriverflowsouthward,I____25____whenthewaterwouldcarrymetothesea.____26____drawingmapswasmyfavourite,Iwasrecognizedasamap-maniacofmyclass.My____27____evenspreadtotheteachers.Onewould____28____turnaroundtocheckmyresponsewheneverhedrewamapontheblackboard.OnewinterafternoonwhenIwas14,attractedbyamapofTurkey,Ispentallmypocketmoney.I____29____itwasasymbolofintelligence,acodeofbeautyandacheque____30____bythewealthoftheworld.IwishedIcouldexplainthesymbol,____31____thecode,andrestorethemaptothemagiclandsitrepresented.Later,IwenttoAmerica.WhereverIwent,Ionlyhadhighwaymapstodiscussmytravelwith.TherelationshipIfelttowardsthemwasnotdifferentfromwhatIfelttowardsa/an____32____.Asmyinterestintraveling____33____,theAmericanmapsinmycollectionsslowly____34____thosefromvariousEuropeancountries.Asifwalkinginmysleep,IenteredanotherworldIseemedtohavecomeacrosslongago.ThemapthatIownedinyouthdidnotlietome.Thatbeautifulchequewasfinally____35____whenIvisitedEurope.

1321.A.contributionB.applicationC.imaginationD.observation22.A.inB.beyondC.underD.before23.A.distantB.oldC.creativeD.clear24.A.openedB.givenC.offeredD.drawn25.A.understoodB.discoveredC.wonderedD.realized26.A.SinceB.WhileC.IfD.Unless27.A.gameB.fameC.newsD.track28.A.extremelyB.obviouslyC.sadlyD.particularly29.A.sensedB.commentedC.stressedD.requested30.A.managedB.backedC.expectedD.examined31.A.keepB.makeC.sellD.break32.A.teacherB.adultC.strangerD.friend33.A.recoveredB.concentratedC.increasedD.disappeared34.A.keeptrackofB.makefunofC.givewaytoD.takepartin35.A.cashedB.paintedC.boughtD.made【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.B31.D32.D33.C34.C35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者非常喜欢地图，认为地图是智慧的象征，是美丽的准则，是一张世界财富的支票。作者最终也通过去往各国旅行来兑现了这张支票。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，它却抑制不住我的想象力。A.contribution贡献；B.application应用；C.imagination想象力；D.observation观察。根据后文“Whatlay　　1　　thewar?Iwaseagertoexplore.”可知作者想象力丰富。故选C。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：战争之外是什么？A.in在里面；B.beyond超过；C.under在……下面；D.before在……之前。根据句意可知，此处应用beyondthewar表达“战争之外”。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛总是被画有海岸和岛屿的国家地图吸引，沉浸在遥远的思绪中。A.distant遥远的；B.old老的；C.creative创造性的；D.clear清楚的。根据后文“tocountrieswithseacoastsandislands”结合上文作者小时候生活在四川，可知作者沉浸在遥远的思绪中。故选A。

14【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛总是被画有海岸和岛屿的国家地图吸引，沉浸在遥远的思绪中。A.opened打开；B.given给予；C.offered提议；D.drawn绘画，吸引。根据前后文语境“IfeltIcouldeasilysatisfymythirstfortheoutsideworldbydrinkingtheseawateronthoseislands,”可知此处指作者总被有海和岛屿的地方吸引。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得喝了那些岛屿上的海水，就可以很容易地满足我对外面世界的渴望，看着河流向南流，我想知道什么时候水会把我带到大海。A.understood理解；B.discovered发现；C.wondered想知道；D.realized意识到。根据后文“whenthewaterwouldcarrymetothesea”可知作者想知道什么时候水会把自己带到大海。故选C。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为我最喜欢画地图，所以我被认为是班上的地图狂人。A.Since因为；B.While当……时候；C.If如果；D.Unless除非。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用since。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的名声甚至传到了老师们的耳中。A.game游戏；B.fame名誉，名声；C.news新闻；D.track足迹。根据上文“Iwasrecognizedasamap-maniacofmyclass”可知作者“地图狂人”的名声甚至传到了老师们的耳中。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：特别是当他在黑板上画地图的时候，他会转过身来检查我的反应。A.extremely非常；B.obviously显然；C.sadly悲伤地；D.particularly特别。根据后文“turnaroundtocheckmyresponsewheneverhedrewamapontheblackboard”可知，老师已经知道作者是一个地图狂人，所以上课尤其注意作者。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到它是智慧的象征，是美丽的准则，是一张世界财富的支票。A.sensed感觉；B.commented评论；C.stressed强调；D.requested要求。根据后文“itwasasymbolofintelligence,acodeofbeautyandacheque”可知智慧的象征，是美丽的准则，是一张世界财富的支票这些都是作者感觉到的。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到它是智慧的象征，是美丽的准则，是一张世界财富的支票。A.managed管理；B.backed支持；C.expected期待；D.examined检查。根据后文“bythewealthoftheworld”指支票承载了世界财富，应用back。故选B。

15【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能解释那个符号，破解密码，恢复那张地图所代表的魔法土地。A.keep保持；B.make制作；C.sell出售；D.break打破。根据后文“thecode”指破解密码，应用break。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他们的感情和我对朋友的感情没有什么不同。A.teacher老师；B.adult成年人；C.stranger陌生人；D.friend朋友。根据上文“WhereverIwent,Ionlyhadhighwaymapstodiscussmytravelwith.”可知作者和地图的关系就像朋友一样亲密。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我旅行兴趣的增加，我收藏的美国地图逐渐被来自欧洲各国的地图所取代。A.recovered恢复；B.concentrated集中；C.increased增加；D.disappeared消失。根据后文“thosefromvariousEuropeancountries”可知，作者旅行次数在增加，由此可知他对旅行的兴趣也在增加。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着我旅行兴趣的增加，我收藏的美国地图逐渐被来自欧洲各国的地图所取代。A.keeptrackof记录；B.makefunof取笑；C.givewayto让路，为……所替代；D.takepartin参加。根据后文“thosefromvariousEuropeancountries”可知欧洲各国的地图取代了作者收藏的美国地图。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那张漂亮的支票终于在我去欧洲时兑现了。A.cashed兑现；B.painted油漆；C.bought购买；D.made制作。根据上文“acodeofbeautyandacheque　　10　bythewealthoftheworld.”和“ThemapthatIownedinyouthdidnotlietome.”可知，作者小时候的梦想实现了，即那张支票兑现了。故选A。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Morethanhalfoftheworld’spopulation____36____(be)overweightorobeseby2035without____37____(significance)actionaccordingtoanewreport.TheWorldObesityFederation’s2023atlaspredictsthatmorethan4billionpeople,____38____(account)for51%oftheworld,willbeobeseoroverweightwithinthenext12years.____39____(Rate)ofobesityarerising

16____40____particularquicklyamongchildrenandinlower-incomecountries,thereportfound.Describingthedataasa“clearwarning”,LouiseBaur,____41____wasthepresidentoftheWorldObesityFederation,saidpolicymakersneededtoactrightnowtopreventthesituationfrom____42____(worsen).“Itisparticularlyworryingtoseeobesityratesrisingfastestamongchildrenandadolescents”shesaidin____43____statement.“Governmentsandpolicymakersaroundtheworldneedtodoalltheycan____44____(avoid)passinghealth,socialandeconomiccostsontotheyoungergeneration.”Thereportfound_____45_____amazingthatchildhoodobesitycouldmorethandoublefrom2020levelsto208millionboysand175milliongirlsby2035.【答案】36.willbe37.significant38.accounting39.Rates40.in41.who42.worsening43a44.toavoid45.it【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。据一份新的报告称，若不采取措施，2035年全球一半人口将肥胖或超重！决策者现在需要采取行动，以防止情况恶化。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：一份新的报告称，如果不采取重大行动，那到2035年，世界上超重或肥胖人口将超过一半。根据句中时间状语by2035，可知是将来的事情，用一般将来时。故填willbe。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：一份新的报告称，如果不采取重大行动，那到2035年，世界上超重或肥胖人口将超过一半。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词action用形容词形式。故填significant。【38题详解】考查现在分词。句意：在2023年世界肥胖地图集中，世界肥胖联合会预测，未来12年里，超重人口占据世界人口51%，也就是超过40亿人将肥胖或超重。accountfor意为“（在数量、比例上）占”，分析句子可知，动词短语accountfor和逻辑主语morethan4billionpeople是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填accounting。【39题详解】

17考查可数名词复数。句意：报告发现，儿童和低收入国家人口的肥胖率上升得尤其迅速。根据句子谓语动词are可知，此处用名词的复数形式作主语。故填Rates。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：报告发现，儿童和低收入国家人口的肥胖率上升得尤其迅速。根据句中particular可知，此处是固定搭配inparticular，意为“尤其，特别”。故填in。【41题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：世界肥胖联合会主席路易丝•鲍尔表示，这些数据是一个“明确的警告”，她表示，决策者现在需要采取行动，以防止情况恶化。分析可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词LouiseBaur是人，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词who。故填who。【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：世界肥胖联合会主席路易丝•鲍尔表示，这些数据是一个“明确的警告”，她表示，决策者现在需要采取行动，以防止情况恶化。根据前文介词from可知，此处用动名词形式。故填worsening。【43题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：她在一份声明中说：“儿童和青少年的肥胖率上升得最快，这让人尤为担忧。”句中statement为可数名词单数，需要不定冠词，为辅音音素开头。故填a。【44题详解】考查不定式。句意：世界各地政府和政策制定者需要尽其所能避免将健康，社会和经济成本转嫁给年轻一代。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填toavoid。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：该报告发现，令人惊讶的是，到2035年，儿童肥胖率可能从2020年的水平翻一番多，达到2.08亿男孩和1.75亿女孩。此处用it作形式宾语，代替后面的that从句。故填it。第三节单词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据空格后的要求用单词的正确形式或者适当的词补全句子：46.Studentsaretryingtofindanapproachto__________(适应)tothenewenvironmenttobettertheirstudyintheuniversities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】adapting##adjusting【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：学生们正在努力寻找一种方法来适应新环境，以更好地在大学学习。根据汉语提示可知，adapt/adjust适应，动词，anapproachtodoingsth做某事的方法，to是介词，故空处应填动名词形式，故填adapting/adjusting。47.Mostproblemsdon’tdirectly__________(威胁)peaceandsecurityandrarelycontributetoconflict.(

18根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】threaten【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：大多数问题都不是直接威胁和平与安全，也很少助长冲突。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词threaten，don’t后跟动词原形。故填threaten。48.Ifyouwanttogetmoreinformation,pleasereplyatyourearliest__________(方便).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】convenience【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：如果您想了解更多信息，请尽早在方便时回复。根据中文提示可知填convenience，不可数名词。故填convenience。49.Scientistshaveonlyrecentlybeenabletogain_______(接近的机会)tothearea.【答案】access【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家直到最近才得以进入该地区。gainaccessto“有接近……的权利”，故填access。50.Thecompanyintroducedsomenew__________(设备)toimprovetheirproductivity.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】equipment【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司推出了一些新设备以提高他们的生产力。根据中文可知设备的英文为equipment。它是一个不可数名词。故填equipment。51.Godlovesyouateachstageof__________(recover)andgrowth.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】recovery【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在你康复和成长的每一个阶段，上帝都爱你。空格处用名词作宾语，动词recover的名词形式是recovery，是不可数名词，故填recovery。52.Itcanbe________（benefit）toshareyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】beneficial【解析】【详解】

19考查固定句型。句意：与你信任的人分享你的感受是有益的。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“Itis+adj.+todo”，意为“做某事是……的”，句中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式形式，can为情态动词，意为“能，会”，后接is的原形be，故空格处应为形容词，benefit意为“优势，益处”，名词词性，对应的形容词为beneficial，意为“有益的”，符合句意。故填beneficial。53.Theexpert__________(surround)byacrowdofstudentsandcameintothehall.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wassurrounded【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：专家被一群学生包围，走进大厅。根据句中的and可知，空格处的动词surround和came是并列关系，做句子的谓语，用一般过去时，专家被学生包围，用被动语态。故填wassurrounded。54.Cars__________(gradual)tookoverfromhorseswiththedevelopmentoftheSociety.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】gradually【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：随着社会的发展，汽车逐渐取代了马。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词短语tookover，应该用副词作状语。故填gradually。55.Igetso_______(absorb)indoingsomethingthatI’munawareofthingshappeningroundme.(所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】absorbed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我太专注于做一些事情，以至于我没有意识到周围发生的事情。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意，getabsorbedin表示“专注于……”。故填absorbed。第二节书面表达(25分)56.近十年来，很多海洋生物灭绝，引起了全世界的广泛关注。假设你是李华，为保护海洋生物，请代表学生会在环境保护日，面向全校学生写一封关于保护海洋的倡议信。内容包括：1.海洋收到污染的现状：2.保护海洋的重要性;3.保护海洋的具休措施。注意：1.词数100左右2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,

20_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’Union【答案】Dearfellowstudents,Itiswidelyacknowledgedthattheoceanprovidesuswithabundantresources.Howevermanymarinecreaturesaredyingoutandmarinepollutionhasbeenincreasinglysevereinthepastdecade.Tochangethesituation,themostimportantistoenhancepeople’sawarenessofoceanprotection.Additionally,thegovernmentshouldsetupnaturalreserves,whichisofgreatbenefittotheprotectionofthemarinecreatures.Lastbutnotleast,whatlaysasolidfoundationistoestablishafundfortheprotectionoftheocean.Nomatterhowgreatthedifficultyis,neverwillwestopprotectingtheocean.Pleasekeepinmindthattoprotecttheoceanistoprotectushumanbeings.TheStudents’Union【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会在环境保护日，面向全校学生写一封关于保护海洋的倡议信【详解】1.词汇积累灭绝：dyingout→extinct此外：additionally→what’smore提高：enhance→raise→buildup意识：awareness→consciousness2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：However,manymarinecreaturesaredyingoutandmarinepollutionhasbeenincreasinglysevereinthepastdecade.拓展句：However,thepastdecadehaswitnessedthatmanymarinecreaturesaredyingoutandmarinepollutionhasbeenincreasinglysevere.【点睛】【高分句型1】Additionally,thegovernmentshouldsetupnaturalreserves,whichisofgreatbenefittotheprotectionofthemarinecreatures.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）

21【高分句型2】whatlaysasolidfoundationistoestablishafundfortheprotectionoftheocean.（运用了what引导的主语从句）

22