北京市亦庄实验中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语Word版含解析

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北京亦庄实验中学21级直升高一、高一第4学段20级直升高二第8学段英语教与学质量诊断英语试题总分:卷面70分+听说30分时间:90分钟第一部分词汇(共18分)一、用方框内所给词填空。(I层:不用变形。I1层:用所给词的适当形式填空。)10'I层选词填空1.Ididn’t________him-he’sgrownmuchtaller.2.Likealotofmen,hefindsithardtoexpresshis________.3.Theknifehadpiercedhisheart,but________hewasstillalive.4.Duringthelunch,heaskedmewhatIwould________tothegroupinclass.5.Myscheduleisquite________-Icouldarrangetomeetwithyouanyday.【答案】1.recognize2.emotion3.incredibly4.present5.flexible【解析】【1题详解】考查动词。句意：我没认出他来——他长得高多了。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词原形，与didn’t一起构成谓语。根据句意，此处指“认出”，故填recognize。【2题详解】考查名词。句意：像很多男人一样，他觉得很难表达自己的情感。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“情感”，故填emotion。【3题详解】考查副词。句意：刀刺穿了他的心脏，但令人难以置信的是他还活着。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词修饰句子hewasstillalive。根据句意，此处指“难以置信地”，故填incredibly。【4题详解】考查动词。句意：在午餐期间，他问我在课堂上将向全班展示什么。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词原形，与would一起构成宾语从句中的谓语。根据句意，此处指“展示”，故填present。

1【5题详解】考查形容词。句意：我的日程安排很灵活——我可以安排在任何一天与你见面。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“灵活的”，故填flexible。选词填空6.Shesentthemagifttoexpressher________.7.Ourteachersarehard-workingandhighly________.8.I’vetoldher________timesbutshestillinsistsondoingthat.9.Footballarousesagooddealof________amongitssupporters.10.Anneisdiligentandself-disciplined,whichiswhyshe'salwaysdonewell________.【答案】6.gratitude7.motivated8.countless9.passion10.academically【解析】【6题详解】考查名词。句意：她送给他们一件礼物以表达她的感激之情。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“感激”，故填gratitude。【7题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的老师工作努力，积极性高。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词，与hard-working并列作表语。根据句意，此处指“积极性高涨的”，故填motivated。【8题详解】考查形容词。句意：我已经告诉她无数次了，但她仍然坚持这样做。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词times。根据句意，此处指“无数的、数不胜数的”，故填countless。【9题详解】考查名词。句意：足球在支持者中激起了极大的热情。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“热情、激情”，故填passion。【10题详解】考查副词。句意：安妮勤奋自律，这就是为什么她在学业上总是做得很好的原因。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词修饰动词。根据句意，此处指“在学业方面；学术上”，故填academically。

2II层选词填空11.Hesawhimself________inthewater.12.Thereare12weekstogo,________fromtoday.13.Ihadn’tseenherfor20years,butI________herimmediately.14.Ifyou________bysomething,itcausesyoutobehaveinaparticularway.15.ThelightingoftheOlympictorch________peaceandfriendshipamongthenationsoftheworld.【答案】11.reflected12.counting13.recognized14.aremotivated15.symbolizes【解析】【11题详解】考查过去分词。句意：他看见自己映在水中。根据inthewater可知，他自己映在水中，空格处意为“映出”，用reflect，句中谓语是saw，空格处用非谓语动词，himself和reflect之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填reflected。【12题详解】考查现在分词。句意：从今天算起，还有12周。由“Thereare12weekstogo”可知，句子表示“从今天算起，还有12周”，空格处是“数”，是count，句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，count的逻辑主语是人，与count之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，此处是独立主格结构，故填counting。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：我有20年没见过她了，但我立刻认出了她。由“Ihadn’tseenherfor20years,but”可知，句子表示“我有20年没见过她了，但我立刻认出了她”，空格处意为“认出”，是recognize，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式recognized，故填recognized。【14题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你被某件事所激励，它会导致你以某种特定的方式行事。由“itcausesyoutobehaveinaparticularway”可知，句子表示“如果你被某件事所激励，它会导致你以某种特定的方式行事”，空格处意为“激励”

3，是motivate，由by可知，句子用被动语态，由causes可知，句子时态是一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语you是第二人称，因此空格处是aremotivated，故填aremotivated。【15题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：点燃奥林匹克火炬象征着世界各国之间的和平与友谊。由“ThelightingoftheOlympictorch”和“peaceandfriendshipamongthenationsoftheworld”可知，句子表示“点燃奥林匹克火炬象征着世界各国之间的和平与友谊”，空格处意为“象征”，是symbolize，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是动名词lighting，其后谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是第三人称单数symbolizes，故填symbolizes。选词填空16.Youcanimproveyour________byexercising.17.Thelatestmissilescanbefiredwith________accuracy.18.Mydoctorsaidtheproblemwasmore________thanphysical.19.Heissuccessfulbecausehehasa/an________interestinmusic.20.The________ofprizesandcertificateswilltakeplaceinthemainhall.【答案】16.flexibility17.incredible18.emotional19.passionate20presentation【解析】【16题详解】考查名词。句意：你可以通过锻炼来提高灵活性。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“通过锻炼来提高身体的灵活性”，故用形容词flexible的名词flexibility作宾语，意为“灵活性；柔韧性”。故填flexibility。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：最新的导弹可以以难以置信的精度发射。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“难以置信的精度”，故用incredibly的形容词incredible作定语修饰accuracy，意为“难以置信的；极好的”。故填incredible。【18题详解】

4考查形容词。句意：我的医生说这个问题更多的是情绪上的，而不是身体上的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“情绪上的”，故用emotion的形容词emotional作表语，意为“感情的；情感的；情绪的”。故填emotional。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：他之所以成功，是因为他对音乐有着浓厚的兴趣。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“浓厚的兴趣”，故用passion的形容词passionate，意为“热情的；热诚的；狂热的”。故填passionate。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：颁奖典礼将在大厅举行。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作主语。根据句意，此处指“颁奖典礼”，在定冠词The后用present的名词presentation，意为“演示；提交；授予；颁发；颁奖仪式”。故填presentation。二、根据提示翻译句子。8'21.我们将探索各种收集信息的方法。(approach)（汉译英）【答案】Wewillexplorevariousapproachestogatheringinformation.【解析】【详解】考查时态、名词和动名词。分析句意可知，句子时态用一般将来时，“我们将探索”是wewillexplore，“各种”是various，“收集信息”是gatherinformation，“……的方法”是approachtodoing，位于various后需用复数，故翻译为Wewillexplorevariousapproachestogatheringinformation.22.她所有的时间都在抱怨她的经理。(complain)（汉译英）【答案】Shespendsallhertimecomplainingabouthermanager.【解析】【详解】考查时态，固定短语和主谓一致。“所有的时间都在做某事”用固定短语spendallone’stimedoingsth.，主语是she，因此one’s用her，句子描述经常性动作，时态用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，因此spend用第三人称单数，“抱怨她的经理”是complainabouthermanager，因此整句话翻译为“Shespendsallhertimecomplainingabouthermanager”，故答案为Shespendsallhertimecomplainingabouthermanager.23.接下来您和另外三位评委讨论并确定第一、二、三名获奖选手。(decision)（汉译英）【答案】Nextyoudiscusswiththreeotherjudgesandmakeadecisiononthefirst,secondandthirdwinners.【解析】【详解】考查祈使句和固定短语。“接下来”是next，“您和另外三位评委讨论并确定第一-、二、三名获奖选手”用祈使句，“您和另外三位评委讨论”是youdiscusswiththreeotherjudges，“并确定”

5是andmakeadecisionon，“第一、二、三名获奖选手”是thefirst,secondandthirdwinners，故答案为Nextyoudiscusswiththreeotherjudgesandmakeadecisiononthefirst,secondandthirdwinners.24.他的研究不仅已经帮助中国找到摆脱饥饿的方法，同时还促进了世界和平和社会发展。(contribute)（汉译英）【答案】HisresearchhasnotonlyhelpedChinafindawaytoremovehunger,butalsocontributedtoworldpeaceandsocialdevelopment.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……；waytodosth.做某事的方法；removehunger摆脱饥饿；contributeto促进；worldpeace世界和平；socialdevelopment社会发展。陈述过去事情对现在的影响，用现在完成时。主语为Hisresearch，谓语动词用has。根据句意，故翻译为HisresearchhasnotonlyhelpedChinafindawaytoremovehunger,butalsocontributedtoworldpeaceandsocialdevelopment.第二部分语法(共10分)三、语法填空。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A语法填空Theysaythatyoucan'tteach____25____olddognewtricks,butwhenitcomestothebrain,scientistshavediscoveredthatthisoldsayingsimplyisn'ttrue.Thehumanbrainhasan____26____(astonish)abilitytoadaptandchange-evenintooldage.Thisabilityisknownasneuroplasticity(神经可塑性).Thebrain'sincredibleabilitytoreshape____27____(it)holdstruewhenitcomestolearningandmemory.Youcanharnessthenaturalpowerofneuroplasticitytoincreaseyourcognitiveabilities,enhanceyourabilitytolearnnewinformation,andimproveyourmemoryatanyage.【答案】25.an26.astonishing27.itself【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了人类的大脑有着惊人的适应和改变能力，这种能力被称为神经可塑性。人们可以利用神经可塑性的自然力量来提高认知能力，增强学习新信息的能力，以及提高记忆力。【25题详解】

6考查冠词。句意：人们说你不能教一只老狗新把戏（你不可能使守旧的人接受新事物）但当涉及到大脑时，科学家们发现这句老话根本不是真的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。此处指“一只，一个”，表泛指，故用不定冠词。因old读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。【26题详解】考查形容词。句意：人类的大脑有着惊人的适应和改变的能力，甚至到了老年。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词。此处修饰名词ability，指“惊人的，令人惊讶的”，故用astonish的现在分词形式astonishing。故填astonishing。【27题详解】考查反身代词。句意：当涉及学习和记忆时，大脑惊人的自我重塑能力是正确的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入代词作宾语。主语是Thebrain，此处指“大脑自我修复”，故用it的反身代词itself。故填itself。B语法填空Whenlockdowns____28____(happen),suddenlylocationjustdidn’tmatterasmuchanymore.“Wesawalotofre-deepeningwithlong-distancerelationships,”Nelsonsaid.“Beforethis,wedidn’twanttobeonthephone.Butthroughcalls,textsandvideochats,long-distancefriendswereable____29____(stay)intouchanddeepentheirconnections.”Nelsonalsosaidtherewasabigtrendthatpeoplereachedouttoformerfriendsthey____30____(lose)contactwithinawhile.“Whenpeoplecouldn’tgomeetnewpeopleandfeltlonely,theironlyoptionwastoreconnectwithsomeone.”【答案】28.happened29.tostay30.hadlost【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要指出封锁可以促进人与人之间的交流。【28题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：当封锁突然发生时，位置不再那么重要了。分析句子可知，空格处应填时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的谓语didn’tmatter，可以判断从句用一般过去时时。故应填happened。【29题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但通过电话、短信和视频聊天，异地朋友可以保持联系，加深联系。分析句子结构，根据上文wereable可知需填入to构成beableto短语，后接动词原形，意为“会，能够”。故填tostay。【30题详解】

7考查过去完成时。句意：尼尔森还表示，现在有一个大趋势，就是人们会联系已经失去联系一段时间的前朋友。分析句子可知，空格处应作定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意可以判断从句动作lose应发生在主句的谓语reachedoutto之前，故应用过去完成时。故应填hadlost。C语法填空AsNickGleasonsaid,“Successisallaboutgoingfromfailuretofailurewithoutlosing____31____(enthusiastic)”Failure____32____(associate)withperseverance,anditcanevenproveveryusefulinyourjourney.Itmustbeadmittedthatlivingthroughitallowsyoutoappreciatethefullflavorofsuccesslateron!Moreover,itallowsyoutopauseandreflecton____33____hasputyouincheck.In____34____(do)so,youcanconsideralternativesthatyoumightnothavethoughtofandthatwillhelpyouinthepursuitofyourproject.Inthisway,failurecanbebeneficial.【答案】31.enthusiasm32.isassociated33.what34.doing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了失败的作用和意义。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：成功就是屡败屡战而不失热情。根据句意和空格前介词without可知，应填入名词enthusiasm作宾语，意为“热情”。故填enthusiasm。【32题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：失败与坚持不懈有关，它甚至可以在你的人生旅程中被证明是非常有用的。分析句子可知，associate(联系)是分句中谓语动词，与主语Failure之间是被动关系，结合上下文，讲述人生哲理，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填isassociated。【33题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：此外，它还能让你停下来，反思是什么让你止步不前。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的人/事/物/话/地方”。分析句子可知，空格后是宾语从句，从句引导词在从句中作主语，表示“让你止步不前的事情”。综上，应用连接代词what引导词该宾语从句。故填what。【34题详解】

8考查非谓语动词。句意：在这样做的过程中，您可以考虑您可能没有想到的替代方案，这将有助于您追求您的项目。介词后跟动名词作宾语。故填doing。第三部分阅读理解(共32分)四、阅读6篇短文，从每题所给的选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑;或者根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡上。(第43-47题每题1分)AAstudybytheInstituteforEmploymentStudiesfoundthatolderlearnersreportedhigherlifeenjoymentandgreaterconfidence.Thefollowingappswillhelpyoulearnsomethingnew.1.QuizletBestfor:BoostingyourknowledgeandbrushingupyourskillsWhetheryou'rebrushinguponalanguage,gardeningknowledgeandcookingtechniques,orhavingagoodcommandofyourfavouriteliteratureclassics,theonlinelearningplatform,Quizlet,givesyouaccesstoover300milliondifferentstudysetsonalmostanysubjectyoucanimagine-forfree.2.BabbelBestfor:LearninganewlanguageAswellasbeingagreatskilltoshowoffonholiday,learninganewlanguagecanhaveprofoundeffectsonthewayyouapproachproblem-solvingandmightevengiveyoualeg-upinyourcareer.Withclassesdesignedtobe10-15minuteslong,Babbelencourageslearninginshort,yetachievable,bursts.Sothissummer,whetheryou'reonthebeachsoakingupsomesun,orsimplyrelaxingathome,whynotgivelanguagelearningatry?3BlinkistBestfor:Bite-sizedbooklearningBlinkististheperfectapptoassistyouthissummer,providingthekeyhighlightsfromnon-fictionbooksinbothaudioandtextform.Whetheryouwanttostartanewbusiness,improveyourmanagementskills,orachieveabetterwork/lifebalance,micro-learningappBlinkisttakeskeyideasfromnon-fictiontextsandsummarizethemintoeasy-to-consume15-minutedigests.4.RementeBestfor:ImprovingmentalwellbeingStressissomethingthatmostofusfaceonadailybasis—beitatworkorathome-andcontinualworryandstresscanbeharmfultoourhealth.Whethertheaimistoimprovementalwellbeing,mindfulness,stressmanagementorpersonalorprofessional

9relationships,Rementeguidesauserthrougheverystepinordertomaketheirgoalsareality.Itdoesthisthroughslittingyouroverallaimintodailygoals,makinglargetasksmanageableandkeepingyouontrack.35.Whichappcouldhelpyouifyoufeelgreatpressureinyourwork?A.Quizlet.B.Babbel.C.Blinkist.D.Remente.36.WhatdoQuizletandBabbelhaveincommon?Theyboth.A.providefreeclassesforusersB.aresuitableforlanguagelearningC.offer10-15minutesclassesforusersD.helpimproveyourproblem-solvingskills37.Whatisthepurposetowritethepassage?A.Toattractpeopletousetheapps.B.Toexplainsomenewinventions.C.Topersuadepeopletobuytheirproducts.D.Toentertainreaderswithsomeinterestingthings.【答案】35.D36.B37.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几款能帮助你学习新东西的应用程序。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据Remente部分“Whethertheaimistoimprovementalwellbeing,mindfulness,stressmanagementorpersonalorprofessionalrelationships,Rementeguidesauserthrougheverystepinordertomaketheirgoalsareality.（无论目的是改善心理健康、正念、压力管理还是个人或职业关系，Remente都会引导用户完成每一步，以实现他们的目标。）”可知，如果你在工作中感到巨大压力，Remente可以帮助你。故选D。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Quizlet部分“Whetheryou'rebrushinguponalanguage（无论你是在温习一门语言）”以及Babbel部分“Bestfor:Learninganewlanguage（最适合：学习一门新语言）”可知，这两个应用程序都适用于学语言。故选B。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段“AstudybytheInstituteforEmploymentStudiesfoundthatolderlearnersreportedhigherlifeenjoymentandgreaterconfidence.Thefollowingappswillhelpyoulearnsomethingnew.（就业研究所的一项研究发现，年龄较大的学习者更享受生活，更有信心。以下应用程序将帮助你学习新知识。）”可知，本文主要介绍了几款能帮助人们学习新东西的应用程序，旨在吸引人们使用这些应用程序。故选A。

10BInoticedadadandhissonatthepark.Hissonwasn’tabletocommunicate,butheseemedsatisfiedsittinginthesand.Thedadexplainedtomethathissoncouldonlymakesomesounds.Theboyhadbeeninspeechtherapy(言语治疗)foryears.Aftersomuchtimeintherapy,theboywasabletokeepeyecontactforafewseconds!Hetoldmehowexpensivethetherapiesforhisson’sspecialneedswereandwhatapleasureitwastoseealloftheyearsofhardworkpayoff.Aswetalkedabouttherapy,thedadsharedwithmethathisgoalforhisboywastosomedaybeabletogoforicecreamtogether.Hesaidhisfatherusedtotakehimoutforicecreamandhehopedhecoulddothesamewithhischild.Suddenly,thesonstoppedputtinghisfingersinthesand,lookedathisfatherandsaid,“hi”.Secondslatertheboywentbackintohisownworld.Thedadwantedtosaysomething,butbecouldn’t.Hisloveforthisboywassogreatthatthewordswouldnotcome.Butwhatdidcomeweretears.Thosetearsconveyedhowproudhewasofhisson.Althoughtheywerestrangerstome,Iamhappytohavesharedtheunforgettablemoment.Ihopesomedaytheywillbeabletogoforicecreamandhaveabeautifulfatherandsonouting.Thiseventtouchedmedeeplyandmademeconsidermyrelationshipwithmyownfather.Ihopethatastheycommunicatefurther,moreandmorememorieswillbecreatedforthemtoshare.Ibelievethefeelingsheldbyallawesomefathers—theirhardwork,theirlove,theirpride,andtheirtearsoflove—areallthesame.38.ParaphrasetheunderlinedpartinParagraph1.39.Howdidthefatherfeelafterhissonsaid“hi”tohim?40.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughthestory?A.Afather’sloveforhischildrenistouching.B.Alltheparentsvaluetheirchildren’sachievements.C.Strongrelationshipwithafatherisgoodforchildren.D.Childrenwithillnessesshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.【答案】38.Howgreatitwastoseehisson’sprogressinspiteofyearsofhardwork!39.Hefeltproud.40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者见到了一个几乎不能说话的儿子和他的父亲，了解到他们之间的感人故事。从而引发了作者对自己和父亲之间关系的思考，让我们感叹父爱的伟大。【38题详解】考查推理判断。根据划线句子“whatapleasureitwastoseealloftheyearsofhardworkpayoff.(

11看到这么多年的辛勤工作得到回报是多么令人高兴)”可推知，此处指父亲看到孩子经过长时间的治疗取得的进步感到欣慰。故答案为Howgreatitwastoseehisson’sprogressinspiteofyearsofhardwork!【39题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二自然段“Thosetearsconveyedhowproudhewasofhisson.(这些眼泪表达了他对儿子的骄傲)”可知，这位父亲感到很骄傲。故答案为Hefeltproud。【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Ibelievethefeelingsheldbyallawesomefathers—theirhardwork,theirlove,theirpride,andtheirtearsoflove-areallthesame.(我相信所有了不起的父亲所拥有的情感——他们的辛勤工作、他们的爱、他们的骄傲和他们的爱之泪——都是一样的)”可知，这是本文的主旨句。本文就是要通过这对父子之间的故事说明父爱是无条件的、是伟大的、是动人的。故选A。CChinesesprinterSuBingtiancalledhimselfoneofthebiggestbeneficiariesofsportexchangebetweenChinaandtheWesternworldinaninterviewwithChinaNewsService(CNS).31-year-oldSumadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobethebiasedviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.“Ineverthoughtwecouldn’tdoit,buttherehavebeensomeproblemswithourconceptoftrainingthewholetime.Nowwediditbyfinishingat9.83seconds.That’sbestprooftobeatsuchprejudice,”saidSutoCNS.SuBingtianofChinacelebratesafterfinishingmen’s100msemifinalat9.83secondsintheTokyoOlympicsattheOlympicStadiuminTokyo,Japan,AugustI,2021./CFP

12Subelievesscientifictrainingplaysakeyroleinhissuccess.“Irealizedthatrunningasmuchaspossibledoesnotnecessarilyhelpyourunfaster.Scientifictrainingattachesmoreimportancetoapplyingoftechniqueandrequiresyoutodoitrightinsteadofdoingitalot.Inthatway,athletescansavemorestrengthintrainingandrecoverfaster,”saidSu.AccordingtoSu,hedidnotunderstandsomeofthemovescoachesaskedhimtodowhenhewenttotrainabroadatthebeginning.Ittookhimyearstorealizetheimportanceofscientifictraining,especiallystaminaallocation(耐力分配)，aswellashowtodoitonthefield.“That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andacquiredanewrunningpace,”saidSu.SuandhisAmericancoachRandyHuntingtonbegantocooperatein2017.HuntingtonmadedetailedanalysisofSu’sconditionbasedon“championmodel”fromthestartbeforearrangingspecifictrainingsessionsforSutoworkon.Susaidthatplayedakeyroleintheprocessofhimmakingbreakthrough.Whenaskediftherewillbeanother“SuBingtian”inthefuture,Su’sanswerwas“Yes,100percent.”“PeopleinthefuturecandefinitelydowhatIcando.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingiftheycandoitbetterthanme.Allrecordsaretobebroken,”saidSu.41.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatwasthesignificanceofSu’sachievement?42.WhydidSuchangehiswayoftraining?A.Becausecoachesaskedhimtodosowhenhewenttotrainabroad.B.BecausecoachesanalyzedSu’sconditionbasedon“championmodel”.C.Becausehegraspedthesignificanceandmethodsofscientifictraining.D.Becausehewantedtosavemorestrengthintrainingandrecoverfaster.43.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?APeoplewilldothesameasSuBingtiandid.B.NobodywilldowhatSuBingtianhasdone.C.SuBingtianwantstoseewhowillbreakhisrecord.D.SuBingtianthinkssomeonewilldobetterthanhim.44.Givethispassageatitle.【答案】41.ThesignificanceofSu’sachievementisthatSubecamethefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mraceat9.83secondsandhisachievementprovesthatAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.42.C43.D44.ThefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mracewithin10seconds【解析】

13【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短跑运动员苏炳添在东京奥运会上以9.83秒的成绩打破了亚洲纪录，成为第一个在十秒内跑完100米的亚洲人，打破了人们认为亚洲人天生就不可能在西方长期主宰的项目上取得成功的偏见。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“31-year-oldSumadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobethebiasedviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.(31岁的苏炳天在东京奥运会上创造了历史，他在半决赛中以9秒83的成绩创造了男子100米的亚洲新纪录，在决赛中以9秒98的成绩名列第六。过去有一种偏见，认为亚洲短跑运动员不可能在10秒内跑完100米。苏用他的表现证明人们错了。)”可知苏的成就的意义在于成功地证明了亚洲短跑运动员也可以在100米赛跑中表现出色。故答案为ThesignificanceofSu’sachievementisthatSubecamethefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mraceat9.83secondsandhisachievementprovesthatAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Ittookhimyearstorealizetheimportanceofscientifictraining,especiallystaminaallocation(耐力分配)，aswellashowtodoitonthefield.“That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andacquiredanewrunningpace,”saidSu.(他花了很多年才意识到科学训练的重要性，尤其是耐力分配，以及如何在球场上做到这一点。“这就是为什么我选择在2014年底改变我的跑步方式，获得了一个新的跑步速度。”苏说。)”可知苏之所以改变训练方式，是因为他掌握了科学训练的意义和方法。故选C项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““PeopleinthefuturecandefinitelydowhatIcando.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingiftheycandoitbetterthanme.Allrecordsaretobebroken,”saidSu.(“将来的人一定能做我能做的事。我期待着看他们是否能比我做得更好。所有的记录都会被打破。”苏说。)”可知苏相信在将来一定有人会比他做得得更好。故选D项。【44题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“31-year-oldSumadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobethebiasedviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.(31岁的苏炳天在东京奥运会上创造了历史，他在半决赛中以9秒83的成绩创造了男子100米的亚洲新纪录，在决赛中以9秒98的成绩名列第六。过去有一种偏见，认为亚洲短跑运动员不可能在

1410秒内跑完100米。苏用他的表现证明人们错了。)”以及全文的内容可知文章主要在围绕着苏炳天打破100男子短跑纪录的意义及原因所展开，所以ThefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mracewithin10seconds(第一位在10秒内完成男子100米比赛的亚洲选手)符合文意。故文章的题目为ThefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mracewithin10seconds。DInourfiercelycompetitivesociety,achievementhasbecomethetoppriorityformany.Accordingtonationalsurveyof10,000students,almost80percentofyouthidentifiedindividualachievementorhappinessasmostimportanttothem,whileonly20percentselectedcaringforothers.Ouryouthoftenstrivetobesuccessfulevenifitcomesatacosttotheirmentalhealth,whichmayhelpexplainincreasingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongtheyouth.Actually,youthattitudesaboutachievementstartwithadults.Youngpeoplefollowinthefootstepsofadults.Theycanseehowwetreatsuccessandproductivityassymbolsofhonor.Werewardtheyouthforbeingstraight-Astudents.Weencouragethemtoboosttheirresumeswithendlessextracurricularactivities.Wemaytellourchildrenthatwevaluekindnessandempathy(共情)butdonotalwayspromotethesevalueswiththesameenthusiasmandefforts.Ourcurrentobsessionwithachievementislikelyfuelinganxietywhiledamagingthefabricofoursociety.Ifwewanttohealindividuallyandcollectivelythenweneedtoexaminesomerelationships.Thisprocessstartsbyrecognizingthatsuccessisnotequaltosustainedhappiness.Itmakesmoresensetoachievewiththeaimofmakingapositivecontributiontothelifeofothers.Ifyoujudgesuccessonlybyindividualmeasuressuchasmoney,power,orfame,youwillprobablybedisappointed.Furthermore,let’sbreakthemyththatkindnessisabarriertoachievement.Thereisafalsestatementthatkindnessisweakness.However,theoppositeistrue.Evidencesuggeststhatchildrenwhocareforothersachievemorethanthosewhodonot.Kindnessandachievementarenotmutuallyexclusive.Onecanstrivetoachievetheirindividualgoalsandbekindtoothers.Ourdrivetoachieveisnotnecessarilyabadthing.Itcanhaveapositiveimpactonthelivesofothers.Theproblemoccurswhenwepursuesuccessonlyforindividualpurposes.Thismayultimatelycomeatacosttoourmentalhealth,ourlovedones,andsociety.45.Theauthorpresentssomedatatoshowthat________.46.WecanlearnfromParagraph4that.A.achievementdamagesthesocietyB.successmeanssustainedhappinessC.abarriertoachievementisweaknessD.kindnesshelpspeopletoachievemore47.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthormainlyintendtoexplain?

15A.Achievementisthemostimportant.B.Therearemanyreasonsforsuccess.C.Onlyaimingatindividualgoalscausesproblems.D.Pursuingsuccesshasbothbadandgoodinfluences.48.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedesiretoachieve?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Approving.D.Pessimistic.【答案】45.achievementisrankedtop46.D47.C48.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了年轻人对成功狂热的原因、危害以及解决方案。【45题详解】考查推理判断。根据文章第一段“Accordingtonationalsurveyof10,000students,almost80percentofyouthidentifiedindividualachievementorhappinessasmostimportanttothem,whileonly20percentselectedcaringforothers.(根据一项针对1万名学生的全国性调查，近80%的年轻人认为个人成就或幸福对他们来说最重要，而只有20%的人选择关心他人。)”可推断，作者是通过展示一些数据来证明在我们竞争激烈的社会中，成就已成为许多人的头等大事，成就是排名第一的事。故答案为achievementisrankedtop。46题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Furthermore,let’sbreakthemyththatkindnessisabarriertoachievement.Thereisafalsestatementthatkindnessisweakness.However,theoppositeistrue.(此外，让我们打破善良是成就的障碍的神话。有一种错误的说法，善良就是软弱。然而，事实恰恰相反。)”可知，善良帮助人们获得更多。故选D。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ouryouthoftenstrivetobesuccessfulevenifitcomesatacosttotheirmentalhealth,whichmayhelpexplainincreasingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongtheyouth.(我们的年轻人经常努力取得成功，即使这以牺牲他们的心理健康为代价，这可能有助于解释为什么年轻人中焦虑和抑郁的比例越来越高。)”和最后一段“Theproblemoccurswhenwepursuesuccessonlyforindividualpurposes.Thismayultimatelycomeatacosttoourmentalhealth,ourlovedones,andsociety.(当我们只为个人目的追求成功时，问题就出现了。这最终可能会以我们的心理健康、我们所爱的人和社会为代价。)”及全文可推断，作者主要想解释只着眼于个人目的会导致问题。故选C。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ourdrivetoachieveisnotnecessarilyabadthing.Itcanhaveapositive

16impactonthelivesofothers.Theproblemoccurswhenwepursuesuccessonlyforindividualpurposes.Thismayultimatelycomeatacosttoourmentalhealth,ourlovedones,andsociety.(我们追求成就的动力不一定是坏事。它可以对其他人的生活产生积极的影响。当我们只为个人目的追求成功时，问题就出现了。这最终可能会以我们的心理健康、我们所爱的人以及社会为代价。)”可知，作者对实现愿望的态度是不带个人情感的、客观的。故选B。ETolearntothinkistolearntoquestion.Thosewhodon’tquestionnevertrulythinkforthemselves.Thesearesimplerulesthathavegovernedtheadvancementofscienceandhumanthoughtsincethebeginningoftime.Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.Aristotlewasabrilliantphilosopherwhosetheoriesexplainedmuchofthenaturalworld,oftenincorrectly.Hewassoesteermed(敬重)bythescientificcommunitythateven1,200yearsafterhisdeath,scientistswerestilltryingtobuilduponhismistakesratherthancorrectthem!Brilliantmindscanfrightenup-and-comingthinkerswhoarenotconfidentoftheirabilities.TheyoftenbelievetheyareinferiortothemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle,leadingmanytoacceptcurrentparadigms(范例)insteadofquestioningthem.I,likemanythinkersofthepast,oncebelievedinmymentalinferiority.Butthatattitudesoonchanged.Mymind’sindependencewasfirststimulatedintheclassroom.Astern65-year-oldelementaryschoolscienceteacheroncetoldmethatlightisatypeofwave.Iconfidentlywentthroughyearsofschoolbelievingthatlightisawave.Oneday,howeverIheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles.Astheotherslaughedathisstatement,Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.Maybetheteachersandtextbookshadn’tgivenmethewholestory.Iwenttothelibrary,didsomeresearchandlearnedofthelight-as-a-waveversuslight-as-a-particledebate.IreadaboutEinstein’sdiscoveryofthedualnatureoflightandlearnedthefactsofaparadox(悖论)thatpuzzlestheworld’sgreatestthinkerstothisday.Lightbehavesasbothaparticleandawave,itisbothatonce.IrealizedIhadgonethroughlifeacceptingonlyhalfofthestoryasthewholetruth.Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.Howmanythingsdoweknowforsuretodaythatwewillquestioninthefuture?Someknowledgemaychangeinthenext20years—maybeeveninthenexttwo.Theonethingwecancontrolnowisouropennesstodiscovery.Questionsarethetoolsofopenminds,andopenmindsarethekeytointellectualadvancement.

1749.Inthefirstparagraph,Aristotleistakenasanexampletoshowthat_______.(Nomorethan15words)50.Whopromotestheintellectualadvancement?51.Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Becauseoftheexchangestudent,theauthorbegantoquestionhisbeliefsanddoresearchtofindthetruthandhewantedtokeepdoingresearch.52.Whatelsecanyoudotopromotethedevelopmentofscience?Andexplain.(Inabout40words)【答案】49.hugeinfluenceofgreatthinkersmayblockhumanthought.50.Thinkerswhoquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.51.Becauseoftheexchangestudent,theauthorbegantoquestionhisbeliefsanddoresearchtofindthetruthandhewantedtokeepdoingresearch.Becausethesixthparagraphofthearticlementionedthat“Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.”Soweknowthattheauthorthoughtquestioningisthepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andhewantedtocontinuequestioning.52.Wecanspreadtheknowledgeofscienceandstimulatepeople’sinterestinscience.Oncepeople’sinterestisstimulated,thereislikelytobemoreandmoreinnovationinscience,sowecandothistopromotethedevelopmentofscience.【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述质疑权威的重要性。只有不断质疑以前的理论并提出新的理论时，社会才得以进步。质疑是通向知识和真理的途径，质疑是开放思想的工具，开放思想是智力进步的关键。【49题详解】考查细节理解。根据原文第一段“Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.”（不幸的是，往往是伟大而受人尊敬的思想家最终减缓了人类思想的进步）可知一些伟大的思想家减缓了人类进步的步伐，原文以亚里士多德为例说明了这点。故答案为hugeinfluenceofgreatthinkersmayblockhumanthought.【50题详解】考查推理判断。根据原文第一段“Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.”（当思想家质疑理论并引入新的理论时，进步就产生了）可知，那些质疑并引入新理论的思想家们促进了智力进步。故答案为Thinkerswhoquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.【51题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第六段“Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andIplanto

18continuequestioning.”（质疑是通向知识和真理的途径，我打算继续质疑。）可知作者认为质疑是通向知识和真理的途径，他打算继续质疑而不是做研究。故答案为：Becauseoftheexchangestudent,theauthorbegantoquestionhisbeliefsanddoresearchtofindthetruthandhewantedtokeepdoingresearch.Becausethesixthparagraphofthearticlementionedthat“Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.”Soweknowthattheauthorthoughtquestioningisthepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andhewantedtocontinuequestioning.【52题详解】开放性问题。答案不唯一，符合逻辑即可，字数不超过40。Wecanspreadtheknowledgeofscienceandstimulatepeople’sinterestinscience.Oncepeople’sinterestisstimulated,thereislikelytobemoreandmoreinnovationinscience,sowecandothistopromotethedevelopmentofscience.FYourWeak-TieFriendshipsMatterFornearlytenyears,IhavespentmyMondayeveningsattendingrehearsalsformyamateurchoir(合唱队).Bytheendoftherehearsal,Iusuallyfeelenergized.Thesingingdoesmegood.Sodothepeople.____53____Weexchangebriefchats,smilesandjokes—butthatisenoughformetocomeawayfeelingalittlebetterabouttheworld.Thereisnochoirpracticenow.Imissit.Inlockdown,Idonotfeelshortonemotionalsupport,butIdofeelshortoffriendlyfacesandcasualconversations.____54____In1973,MarkGranovetter,asociologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,publishedapaperentitled“TheStrengthofWeakTies.”Untilthen,scholarshadassumedthatanindividual’swell-beingdependedmainlyonthequalityoftheirrelationshipswiththeirclosefriendsandfamily.Granovettershowedthatquantitymattered,too.____55____Hiscentralinsightwasthatweaktiesaremoreimportanttousthanstrongones.AsGranovetterpointedout,wedependonacquaintances(相识的人)whomweseeinfrequentlytobringusnewsofopportunities.ThiswastheideabehindJobs’sbuilding.Ithasalargecentralhallthroughwhichemployeesfromdifferentdepartmentshavetopassseveraltimesaday.Jobswantedcolleaguestobumpintoeachotherandchat.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireupcreativity.____56____GillianSandstrom,aseniorlecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofEssex,investigatedtheextenttowhichpeoplegethappinessfromweak-tierelationships.Shefoundthatondayswhenapersonhadagreaternumberofcasualinteractionswithweakties—say,aneighbor,amemberofyogaclass—theyexperiencedmorehappinessandagreatersenseofbelonging.Forthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetofindwaystocultivateweak-tierelationships,duringlockdownand

19beyond.____57____Thegoalistoletothersknowthatyouarethinkingofthemwithoutaskingforagreatdealoftime,energyorattention.A.AnotherwayofputtingthisisthatImissmy“weakties”.B.“Strongties”and“weakties”playdifferentrolesinpeoplelife.C.Encounterswithweaktiescanbegoodforourmentalwell-being,too.D.Iconsiderthemasmyclosefriendstotalkwithandsharemyfeelings.E.Hecategorizedaperson’ssocialworldas“strongties”and“weakties”.F.Withafewexceptions,Iwouldnotdescribemyfellowchoirmembersasclosefriends.G.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-styleinteractionswithourstrongties.【答案】53.F54.A55.E56.C57.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自身的经历讲述了泛泛之交的好处，告诉我们泛泛之交很重要。【53题详解】根据上文“Sodothepeople.(那里的人也是)”及下文“Weexchangebriefchats,smilesandjokes…(我们简短地聊天，微笑，开玩笑……)”可知，作者是描述和合唱队里的人的关系，仅仅是简单地聊天，微笑和开玩笑，F项“除了少数例外，我不认为我的合唱队成员是亲密的朋友”符合语境。故选F项。【54题详解】根据上文“Imissit.Inlockdown,Idonotfeelshortonemotionalsupport,butIdofeelshortoffriendlyfacesandcasualconversations.(我想念它。在封锁期间，我并不缺乏情感支持，但我确实缺乏友好的面孔和随意的交谈)”可知，作者在封锁期间想念合唱队的那些点头之交，A项“换句话说，我怀念我的‘弱关系’”符合语境。故选A项。【55题详解】根据上文“Granovettershowedthatquantitymattered,too.(Granovetter表示，数量也很重要)”可知，此处提到了Granovetter的观点，下文“Hiscentralinsightwasthatweaktiesaremoreimportanttousthanstrongones.(他的核心见解是，对我们来说，弱关系比强关系更重要)”提到了他关于“强关系”和“弱关系”的观点，E项“他把一个人的社会世界分为‘强关系’和‘弱关系’”符合语境。故选E项。【56题详解】根据下文“GillianSandstrom,aseniorlecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofEssex,investigatedtheextenttowhichpeoplegethappinessfromweak-tierelationships.Shefoundthatondayswhenapersonhadagreaternumberofcasualinteractionswithweakties—say,aneighbor,amemberofyogaclass-theyexperiencedmore

20happinessandagreatersenseofbelonging.(埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师GillianSandstrom调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福感的程度。她发现，当一个人与弱关系——比如与邻居、瑜伽课的成员——有更多随意互动的日子里，他们会体验到更多的快乐和更大的归属感)”可知，本段主要讲述弱关系能让人体验到更多的快乐和归属感，C项“接触弱关系对我们的精神健康也有好处”引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。【57题详解】上文“Forthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetofindwaystocultivateweak-tierelationships,duringlockdownandbeyond.(出于这些原因，我们应该在封锁期间和以后继续寻找培养弱关系的方法)”提到我们应该寻找培养弱关系的方法，G项“Sandstrom补充说，我们也可以与我们的强关系进行更多的弱关系式互动”提供了一种培养弱关系的具体方法。故选G项。第五部分:书面表达(共10分)六、写作(共10分)58.假设你是李华，你校将举办中国传统文化展，请写封信邀请你的外教Kevin参加，100词左右，内容包括:1、表达邀请并说明理由;2、活动介绍(目的、时间、地点、内容等)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearKevin,      I'mwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseCultureFairtobeheldbyourschoolattheArtCenterthisFridayafternoon,lastingfrom2pmto5pm.      SincethiseventaimstohelpmorepeoplelearnaboutthetraditionalChineseculture,thestaff,allthestudentsandtheirparentsaswellasanyoneinterestedinitarewelcome.Atthefair,relatedbooks,pictures,videosandobjectswillbeexhibited,throughwhichvisitorswillnotonly understandtraditionalChineseculturemuchbetterbutdefinitelyfeeltheuniquebeautyofit.      Ifyou'reinterested,pleasecomeandenjoyit.AndI'dbegladtoofferanyhelp.      Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua

21【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Kevin写信邀请他参加学校即将举办的中国传统文化展。【详解】1.词汇积累旨在：aimto→isaimedat展览：exhibit→show肯定地：definitely→surely提供：offer→provide2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I'mwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseCultureFairtobeheldbyourschoolattheArtCenterthisFridayafternoon,lastingfrom2pm.to5pm.拓展句：I'mwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseCultureFairwhichwillbeheldbyourschoolattheArtCenterthisFridayafternoon,lastingfrom2pm.to5pm.【点睛】【高分句型1】SincethiseventaimstohelpmorepeoplelearnaboutthetraditionalChineseculture,thestaff,allthestudentsandtheirparentsaswellasanyoneinterestedinitarewelcome.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句）【高分句型2】Atthefair,relatedbooks,pictures,videosandobjectswillbeexhibited,throughwhichvisitorswillnotonlyunderstandtraditionalChineseculturemuchbetterbutdefinitelyfeeltheuniquebeautyofit.（运用了“介词+which”引导的定语从句以及notonly…but(also)句型）

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