任务型阅读专练

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2009
ὃ▅⌱⚪(1-10)1ᑖ▅ᐳ10⚪⚪1ᑖᑖ10ᑖ▅ᑡᦻ"᪷$ᡠᑁ'ᙠᦻ)*⊤,-Ḅ/,01ᐭ34ᨬា7Ḅᓫ9஺;<=/,14ᓫ9஺Goodcommunicationisvitalinmodemsociety.Weknowthatmuchofthecommunicationisunspoken.Consciouslyorunconsciously,weshowourtruefeelingswithoureyes,faces,bodiesandattitudes.Yourgoodqualitiescanmakegoodcommunication.Thepersonalqualitiesinclude:physicalappearance,energy,rateofspeech,pitchandtoneofvoice,gestures,expressivenessofeyes,andtheabilitytoholdtheinterestofothers.Whatshouldwedosothatourcommunicationwillbeeffective?Herearemysuggestions.Firstly,youshouldbeyourself.Thetrickistobeconsistentlyyou,atyourbest.Themosteffectivepeopleneverchangecharacterfromonesituationtoanother.They'rethesamewhetherthey'rehavingaconversationwiththeirclosefriends,addressingtheirgardencluborbeinginterviewedforajob.Theycommunicatewiththeirwholebeing.Secondly,whetheryou'retalkingtoonepersonoronehundred,alwaysremembertolookatthem.Don'tbreakeyecontactwhiletalking.Asyouenteraroom,moveyoureyescomfortably,thenlookdirectlyatthoseintheroomandsmile.Thisshowsclearlythatyouareatease.Smilingisimportant.Thebesttypeofsmileandeyecontactisgentleandcomfortable,notforced.Youshouldalsoabsorbotherpeoplebeforeshowingyourself.Youcan'tlearnanythingwhenyoutalk.Whenyouattendameeting,apartyoraninterview,don'timmediatelystartthrowingyouropinions.Stopforasecond.Absorbwhat'sgoingon.What'sthemoodoftheothers—aretheydown,up,happy,expectant?Aretheyeagertolearnfromyou,ordotheyshowresistance?Ifyoucansensewhat'shappeningwithothers,youwillbebetterabletoreachthem.So,listenbeforeyoutalk.Thefourthsuggestionisthatyoufocusyourenergy.Howdoyougetyourenergyup?Beforethemeeting,collectyourthoughtsaboutthegoalofthemeeting—yoursandtheothefs.Onceyougothroughthedoorway,nolongerthinkaboutyourself.Focusonthepersonyouaremeetingtofindoutwhatheisinterestedin.Properlycollectedenergycomesacrosswhenwesincerelybelievesomething.Whenyouspeakwithenergy,youareinvolvedwithyouraudienceandyourmessage.Youcreateanairofcertainty.Theaudiencemaydisagreewithyou,buttheycan'tquestionyourbelief.Lastly,Iwouldliketoremindyouthatyoushouldlightenup.Takeagoodhardlookatyourself.Doyousay"I"toooften?Areyouonlyconcentratedonyourownproblems?Doyoucomplainfrequently?Ifyouansweredyestoevenoneofthesequestions,youneedtobemorerelaxed.

1Howtocommunicate(71)▲SuggestionsDosDon'tsBeyourselfAlwaysbethesameandcommunicateChangecharacterinwithyourwholebeing.(72)▲situations.Useyoureyesand1Makedirecteyecontact.1Breakeyecontact.smile1Presentagentleandcomfortable1(74)▲yourselftosmile.(73)3^.ListenbeforeStopforashorttimetoknowtheothers,Beginyourtalkimmediately.(75)@moodandwhatishappeningwiththem.FocusyourIRemain(77)AandthinkclearlyandThinkaboutyourself.06)4carefullybeforethemeeting.1Focusonthepersonyou'remeeting.LightenupTrytobe(78)A.1Say"1"toooften.1Concentrateonyourownproblems.1Maketoo(79)▲complaint.ConclusionGoodcommunication(80)▲ongoodpersonalqualities.▅ᑡᦻ"᪷$ᡠᑁ'ᙠᦻ)*⊤,-Ḅ/,01ᐭ34ᨬា7Ḅᓫ9஺;<=4/,A114ᓫ9஺Homeworkisagreatwayforkidstodevelopindependent,lifelonglearningskills,soherearesomegeneralhomeworktipsforparents:•Makesureyourchildhasaquiet,well-litplacetodohomework.Avoidhavingyourchilddohomeworkwiththetelevisiononorinplaceswithotherdistractions,suchaspeoplecomingandgoing.•Makesurethematerialsyourchildneeds,suchassomepaper,pencilsandadictionary,areavailable.Askyourchildifspecialmaterialswillbeneededforsomeprojectsandgettheminadvance.•Helpyourchildwithtimemanagement.Establishasettimeeachdayfordoinghomework.Don'tletyourchildleavehomeworkuntiljustbeforebedtime.Thinkaboutusingaweekendmorningorafternoonforworkingonbigprojects,especiallyiftheprojectinvolvesgettingtogetherwithclassmates.•Bepositiveabouthomework.Tellyourchildhowimportantschoolis.Theattitudeyouexpressabouthomeworkwillbetheattitudeyourchildacquires.•Whenyourchildasksforhelp,provideguidance,notanswers.

2Givinganswersmeansyourchildwillnotlearnthematerial.Toomuchhelpteachesyourchildthatwhenthegoinggetsrough,someonewilldotheworkforhimorher.Cooperationwiththeteacher.Itshowsyourchildthattheschoolandhomeareateam.Followthedirectionsgivenbytheteacher.•Rewardprogressinhomework.Ifyourchildhasbeensuccessfulinhomeworkcompletionandisworkinghard,celebratethatsuccesswithaspecialeven(e.g.pizza,awalk,atriptothepark)toreinforcethepositiveeffortTitle(1)_______forparentsontheirchildren'shomeworkTopicBasicrequirements(2)______forAsingleroom•Quietandwell-lithomework•(3)______TVorotherdistractionsMaterialsforThings•Somepaperhomework(4)_________•Somepencils•Adictionary•(5)______materialsforsomeprojectsaheadoftimeTimemanagementDoinghomeworkA(6)___timeeachdayorawholemorningorafternoononweekendsAttitudestohomework(7)_______of•(8)______byparentshomework•Acceptedbychildren(9)_____fromparentsDosanddon'ts•Provideguidance•Don'tgiveanswers•Cooperatewiththeteacher•Followtheteacher'sdirections(10)________SuccessfulhomeworkRewardthechildwithaspecialevent.3.▅ᑡᦻ"᪷$ᡠᑁ'ᙠᦻ)*⊤,-Ḅ/,01ᐭ•4ᨬា7Ḅᓫ9஺;<=4/,A114ᓫ9஺Manypeoplewouldliketowatchsportmatches.First,youneedtoknowaboutaudiencemanners.Mostsportingarenas(EᢈG)haverulesforspectatorswrittenonthebackofthetickets.Readyourticketcarefullybeforeyouarrive.Trytoreachyourseathalfanhourbeforethestartoftheeventanddon?tleavewhenagameisinprogress.Whenyouleave,remembertotakeawayyoursoftdrinkbottlesandotherrubbish.

3Duringexcitinggames,trytocontrolyourself.Don'tcriticizetheperformanceofplayersandcoaches.Becarefulwithyourwords,sincesomemaycauseangeramongotherpeopleintheaudience.Applauseisaspecialformofbodylanguageyoucanusetocommunicatewithplayers,butyoushoulddoitproperly.Whenplayersfirstappear,clapyourhandstogethertowelcomethem,butdon'tgoonfortoolong.Afteranexcellentperformance,applaudwarmly.Ifsomeonefails,yourapplausewillhelpencouragethem.Applauseisnotwelcome,however,whileplayersneedtokeeptheirconcentration.Varioussportshavevariousrulesfortheaudience.Enjoyingartisticgymnasticssilence.Butlotsofcheeringcanreallyhelpbasketballandfootballplayers.Snookerandtabletenniscourtsidebehaviorincludesabanonflashphotography.Mobilephonesarenotallowedinshootingcenters.Tobeagoodspectator,youshouldtaketimetolearnthegame-specificrulesandrelatedcultureofeacheventTitle:GoodAudience(l)topicrulesਭreadyourticketscarefullyin(2)BeforegamesSportingarenasਭreachandleavethereintimeਭtake(3)_____yourrubbishwhenleaveਭpayattentiontoyourbehaviorandExcitinggamesbe(4)3(5)______ਭuseitproperlyDuringgames(6)_____gymnasticsਭkeepI___Basketballandfootballਭyoushould(8)___Snookerandtabletennisਭforbid(9)___photosShootingcentersਭDon'tusemobilephonesਭtolearnthe(10)____rulesandAftergamesHowtobeagoodspectatorculture4▅Jᑡᦻ"᪷$ᡠᑁ'ᙠᦻ)*⊤,-Ḅ/,01ᐭᨬា7Ḅᓫ9஺Everyyeartherearehundredsofearthquakesindifferentpartsoftheworld.InSept.1923,TokyoandYokohamawerebothdestroyedbyanearthquakeandthefiresthatfollowedit.Theyhadtobecompletelyrebuilt.OneofthemostseriousearthquakeswasinChina'sShanxiProvincein1556.Itkilledalmostonemillionpeople.

4Wemeasureanearthquake'sstrengthontheRichterscale.TheRichterscalewasintroducedin1935inSouthernCaliforniaintheUSA.Itmeasuresearthquakesonascaleofonetoten.Anyearthquakemeasuringfiveormoreisusuallyserious.Theearth'scrustᙢLismadeupoflayersofrockcalledplates.Astheseplatesmove,theysometimescrashagainsteachother,causingthecrusttoquake.IncitiessuchasTokyo,wheresmallquakeshappenquiteoften,manymodernbuildingsaredesignedtobeflexiblesowhentheearthmoves,theymovewithit.Earthquakescanalsobreakupgasoroilpipes.Thiscancausefirestobreakout,whichcandoasmuchdamageastheearthquakeitself.AnothereffectofearthquakesistsunamisMᗊ.Thesearehugewavescreatedbyearthquakesbeneaththesea.Theycanbemanymetreshighandcausegreatdamagetocoastaltownsandcities.China,Japan,RussiaandtheUSAhavethehighestoccurrenceOPofearthquakesintheworld.Knowingabout1.__________Anearthquakeand3.__________firesdestroyedbothTokyoTwoseriousearthquakesandYokohamainSept.1923.in2._______In1556,averyseriousearthquake4._________inChina'sShanxiProvince.Peoplecanmeasureanearthquake'sstrengthontheRichterThewayto5._________anscaleofonetoten,6.________in1935intheUSA.Ifanearthquake'sstrengthearthquakemeasuresfiveormore,it'susuallyserious.Astheplates,whichformtheearth's8._______,move,theyThe7._______ofearthquakessometimescrashagainsteachother,causingthecrusttoquake.Ifearthquakesbreakupgasoroilpipes,10._______willhappen,whichcandoasmuchdamageastheearthquakeSome9._____ofearthquakesitself.Tsunamiisanothereffectofearthquakes.5▅=▅ᑡᦻ"᪷$ᡠᑁ'ᙠᦻ)*⊤,-Ḅ/,01ᐭᨬា7Ḅᓫ9஺;<=/,A134ᓫ9஺Haveyoueverbeeninameetingwhilesomeonewasmakingaspeechandrealizedsuddenlythatyourmindwasamillionmilesaway?Youprobablyfeltsorryandmadeupyourmindtopayattentionandeverhavebeentoldthatdaydreamingisawasteoftime.“OnthecontraryJsaysL.Giambra,anexpertinpsychology,udaydreamingisquitenecessary.Withoutit,themindcouldn'tgetdoneallthethinkingithastododuringanormalday.You

5can'tpossiblydoallyourthinkingwithaconsciousmind.Instead,yourunconsciousmindisworkingoutproblemsallthetime.Daydreamingthenmaybeonewaythattheconsciousandunconsciousstatesofmindhavesilentdialogues?*Earlyexpertsinpsychologypaidnoattentiontotheimportanceofdaydreamsorevenconsideredthemharmful.Atonetimedaydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.Theydidnothaveabetterunderstandingofdaydreamsuntilthelate1980s.EricKlinger,aprofessorofpsychology,isthewriterofthebookDaydreaming.Klingersays,“Weknownowthatdaydreamingisoneofthemainwaysthatweorganizeourlives,learnfromourexperiences,andplanforourfutures.Daydreamsreallyareawindowonthethingswefearandthethingswelongforinlife."Daydreamsareusuallyverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.It?seasiertogainadeepunderstandingofyourlifebypayingcloseattentiontoyourdaydreamsthanbytryingtoexamineyoursleepdreamscarefully.Daydreamshelpyourecognizethedifficultsituationsinyourlifeandfindoutapossiblewayofdealingwiththem.Daydreamscannotbepredicted;theymoveoffinunexpecteddirectionwhichmaybecreativeandfullofideas.Formanyfamousartistsandscientists,daydreamswereandareamainsourceofcreativeenergy.AboutdaydreamsOpinions1._________Features2._________A.3._____:onewaythattheorganizeourlivescannotbepredictedA.daydreams:4._____andunconsciousstatesof7._________andmindhavedirect5.dialoguesB.harmful:a8._______ofsomelearnfromour6.moveoffinB.10._______mentalillnessesunexpecteddreams:hardto9.________understand6ThefamilysphereRusedtobedefinedbyitsisolationfromthepublicrealm.Therewasthepublicmalerealm⚞T
of''rationalaccomplishment"andcruelcompetition,andtheprivatefemaleandchild-rearingsphereofhome,intuitionUVandemotion.Theprivaterealmwassupposedtobeisolatedfromtherealitiesofadultlife.Forbothbetterandworse,televisionandotherelectronicmediatendtobreakdownthedifferencebetweenthosetwoworlds.ThemembranearoundthefamilysphereismuchmorepermeableWXYḄ.TVtakespubliceventsandtransformsthemintodramasthatareplayedoutintheprivacyofourlivingrooms,kitchensandbedrooms.

6Parentsusedtobethechannelthroughwhichchildrenlearnedabouttheoutsideworld.Theycoulddecidewhattotelltheirchildrenandwhentotellittothem.Sincechildrenlearntoreadinstages,booksprovideakindofnaturalscreeningprocess,whereadultscandecidewhattotellandnottellchildrenofdifferentreadingabilities.Televisiondestroyedthesystemthatseparatedadultfromchildknowledgeandseparatedinformationintoyear-by-yearslicesforchildrenofdifferentages.Instead,itpresentsthesameinformationdirectlytochildrenofallages,withoutgoingthroughadultfilters.Sotelevisionpresentsarealchallengetoadults.Whileaparentcanreadanewspaperwithoutsharingitwithchildreninthesameroom,televisionisaccessibletoeveryoneinthatspace.Andunlikebooks,televisiondoesn'tallowustoflipZ[throughitandseewhat'scomingup.Wemaythinkwe'regivingourchildrenalessoninsciencebyhavingthemwatchtheChallengertakeoff,andthensuddenlytheylearnaboutdeath,disasterandadultmistakes.Booksallowadultstodiscussprivatelywhattotellornottellchildren.Thisalsoallowsparentstokeepadultmaterialsecretfromchildrenandkeeptheirsecretkeepingsecret.TakethatsamematerialandputitonTheTodayShowandyouhave800,000childrenhearingtheverythingstheadultsaretryingtokeepfromthem."Televisiontakesourkidsacrosstheglobebeforeparentsgivethempermissiontocrossthestreet.uMoreimportantly,childrengraduallylearnthatadultsareworriedandanxiousaboutbeingparents.Actually,televisionhasalsoplacesfamiliesunderalotofstress.HowTelevisionChangesChildhood?MaincomparisonsContextsHomesusedtobeisolatedfromthe___2___realm.Distancebetween___1_andtheoutside.Homesnowadaysare_3_totheoutsideworld.Inthepast,childrenmightlearn4abouttheoutsideworldwiththehelpofparentsand—5—.MediathroughwhichchildrencanobtainMoreinformationisgotdirectlythroughTVinformationandotherelectronicmedia,whichbreaksdownthe_6__betweenadultworldandthechildworld.Traditionally,kidscouldonlyknewwhattheyshouldlearnattheirage,carefully__8___by_____7___oftheinformationchildrengettheirparents.Everythingcanpossiblybeknownbychildren,includingmanyaspectsof_life.Effectsonfamilyeducation

7FamiliesarenowundergreaterstressthanParentalinstructionbefore.Adultsareanxiousaboutbeingparentsandfacedwithnew_10____.w.w.w.k.s7Traditionally,customersmayconsidermoreaboutwhattheybuytheproductfor.However,theimageofproductandtheconsumingcircumstancehavebecomethekeypointstoattractcustomerawarenessandstimulatetheirbuyingneeds.Frequently,customersbuygoodsjustbecausetheyarecute,lovelyandunique.Withalessemphasisonfunctionalutilities,theexperienceandimaginativespaceareplacedintoanincreasinglyimportantrole.Theimageofproductisemphasized,aswellasthecommunicationbetweenproductsandconsumers.“Customerbehavior,whichappearstobefocusedanddirectedattheobjectandatpleasure,infactrespondstoquitedifferentobjectives:displacedexpressionofdesire,andtheproductionofacodeofsocialvaluesthroughtheuseofdifferentialsign

8MoredetailsworthnoticingInfluencedbycomputergamesandHollywoodThe____8____forimage-centeredbehaviourmovies,people's_9______isvirtualized.____10_______aregiventoprovetheimportanceAppleComputer'sIMAC/DisneyFairyland/ofimageLasVegas8Inmanycountriesthestandardoflivingenjoyedbytheirpeoplehasbeenincreasedrapidlyinrecentyears.Sadly,noteveryoneinthesecountriesissofortunateandmanypeopleinrichcountriesarehomeless.Thereasonsforhomelessnessarevarious,butpovertyisundoubtedlyoneofthemaincauses.Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.Often,thefactthatunemployedpeoplegethelpfromthegovernmentpreventsthisfromhappening,butnotalways.Somehomelesspeoplearementallyillandhavenoonetolookafterthem.Someareyoungpeoplewho,foronereasonoranother,havelefthomeandhavenowheretolive.Manyofthemhavehadaseriousdisagreementwiththeirparentsandhavelefthome,choosingtogotoacityandliveonthestreets.Sometimestheyhavetakensuchactionbecausetheyhavebeenunabletogetonwithastep-parent.Manyhomelesspeoplegetintothehabitofbeggingtogetenoughmoneytostayalive,butmanyofthegeneralpublicrefusetogiveanythingtobeggars.Oftentheyaremovedonbythepolice,beingaccused,whetherrightlyorwrongly,offorcefulbegging.Therearemanywhodisrespecthomelesspeople.Somecynics៬]^_Ḅ`declarethathomelesspeoplechoosetolivethelifewhichtheylead.Butwhowouldwillinglychoosetoliveinashopdoorway,underabridgeorinacardboardbox?HomelessPeoplePresent_J_abouthomelesspeople.Althoughpeople'slivingstandardhasbeenincreased,stillmanypeoplearehomeless,eveninrichcountries.©Povertyresultsfrom_3_andnohelpfromthegovernment.2forbeinghomelessঝSomepeoplesufferfrom_4_problems.ঞSome5peoplehaveadisagreementwiththeirparentsor_6_.®Manypeoplerefusetogivemoneyto_8_showing7towardshomelesspeopleno9forthem.

9ঝTheauthorthinksthattheyaretobe10.9Greetingotherpeopleisthefirstandmostimportantsocialeventinourlives.Parentsgreettheirchildrenassoonastheyareborn,andit'snotlongbeforebabiesknowwhoiswhoamongthepeopleintheireverydaylives.Afteronlyafewmonths,babiesworkoutsystemsofgreetingformeetingpeopletheyknowandthosewhoareunfamiliar.Haveyoueverseenafour-montholdbabystaringatyou?Haveyousmileantsaid“hello"tothebaby?Thenhavewatchedthebaby'slittlefrownatitrealizesthatitdoesnotknowyou?Eitherthebabywillbegintomakestrangenoisesandclingtoitscaregiver,oritwilljerkitsheadinsuchawaythatitswholebodymoves,andsmileatyou.Thebabyhaslearnedtogreetpeopleandtorespondtogreetingsatanveryearlyage.Whatithaslearnedisthemostimportantaspectofagreeting:thefacialandbodygesturesthataccompanythesmile.Thesearesignalsthatindicatefriendliness.Secondly,thereistheintonationbc
inthevoice.Greetingsaresaidwarmly,withanexpressionanywherebetweenbightquicknessandeasy-goingfriendliness.Thethirdaspectconcernsthewordschosen.Together,thewords,theintonation,andfacialexpressionsignalagreeting.Theseindicatorsarethesameallovertheworld.Theremayalittledifferenceinthewordsused,but“Goodday","Bonggiorno”,"Nihao”,“Bonjour”,and"GutenMorgen^^allcontainthewor"good”.ThecommongreetingfromotherlanguagesistranslatedintoEnglishas“Goodday"or"hen஺"."Konnichi-wa"means“goodday.”Therearethousandsoflanguagesandculturesaroundtheworld,butthoughthewordsaredifferent,theymeanthesame.Andtheyareaccompaniedwithfriendlygestures,withsmilesandwithpleasantvocalintonations.Youlearnedalloftheseskillsandnaturallyinthefirstmonthsandyearsofyourlife.Sopleasegreetotherpeoplewithasmile,warmvoiceandkindwords.Pleasegreetotherpeoplewheneveryoucanandwhereveryouare.TitlesGreetingsThemesWegreettoshow1.▲.IntroductionGreeting2.▲isourfirstandmostimportantsocialevents.Three3.___▲1.The4.___▲____onyourface,whichsaysthatyouarehappyand

10ofagreetingfriendly.2.Theintonationinthevoice,whichis5..▲andpleasant.3.The6.___▲ofwords,whichusuallycontainstheword"good".7.—A_in“Bonggiomo”eNihao”,"Bonjour”,"GutenMorgen^^and“Konnichi-wa”languagesotherthanare8._▲differentlanguages,butofthesame9.____▲____.EnglishPleasegreetotherswarmlyandpleasantly.SuggestionsPleasegreetotherswhenever10.___▲____andwhereveryouare.10BeggarsareoftenseensittingunderblanketswithheadssadlybowedaspeoplepassthembyinCambridge'smarketcenter.Someaskpeoplepassingbyforchangeandsomejustsitandwaittobegivenmoney.Afewuseaggressivebehaviortoearnmoney.Tosolvetheproblemofaggressivebegging,an^alternativegiving“planhasbeensuggested.Tenbluemoneyboxeswillbeplacedinbusyplacessuchasthemarketandtherailwaystation.Itaimstoencouragepeoplenottogivemoneydirectlytobeggarsbutinsteadtogivegenerouslytolocalhomelesscauses.Supportersofthisplanthinkitwillbeaneffectivewaytosolvethebeggars'alcoholanddrugproblems.Butthepoliceopposetheplanarguingthatbeggarswhodonotreceivecashmayturntocriminalityftofeedtheiraddictions.Thehomelesscharity“Crisis“saidthesuccessofanyplanwilldependonitsstyle.Theythinkthatimaginativeandpositiveplanscanhelpcreatelocalunderstandingandsympathyinsteadofhardness.Mostofthebeggarsdisliketheplanbecausetheythinktheywillnotgetenoughmoneyfromtheboxesfortheirshowers,food,andclothes.Beggingisabigsocialproblembothindevelopinganddevelopedcountries.Governmentsmustplayabigroleinsolvingthisproblem.Trainingbeggarstoworkandhelpingthemtofindappropriatejobsisoneoption.Thisisespeciallytruefordevelopingcountrieswheremanylow-skilljobsexist.Thegeneralcommunityshouldalsobeeducatedtoseebeggarsnotasdirtyanddangerous,butaspeoplewhoneedunderstandingandhelp.BeggingproblemIntroductiontotheSomebeggarsask3.________formoney.beggingproblemSomebeggarsjustsitandwaittobegivenmoney.An"alternativeplan”toInsomebusyplaces,suchasthemarketandrailwaystation,tentheblueboxeswillbeplacedtoproblem4.______=_peopletogivemoneytolocalhomelesscausesSupportersofthisplanthinkitvery5.______tosolvetheproblemsrelatedtobeggars.

11ThepoliceopposetheplanarguingthebeggarsmayturntoDifferent1.______towardscriminalitybecauseof6.______ofcash.thesuggestedplanThehomelesscharitysaidthatitremainstobeseenwhetherthisplanwouldwork7._______.Mostofthebeggarsdisliketheplanbecausethemoneythattheywillgetfromtheboxwillnotbeenoughto8.______theirshowers,foodandclothes.Governmentsmustbeactivein9.______thisproblembytraining2.___totheproblembeggarstoworkandhelpingthemtofindproperjobs.Thepublicshouldn'tlook10.____uponbeggarsbutunderstandandhelpthem.ὃᫀ11.effectively/well2.different3.smile4.Force5.talking6.energy7.calm8.relaxed9.much10.depends2.1.Tips2.Place3.Without4.available5.special6.set7.Importance8.Expressed9.Help10.Rewards3.1.manners2.advance3.away4.polite5.Applause6.Artistic7.silent8.cheer9.taking10.specific41.earthquakes2.history3.its4.happened5.measure6.introduced7.cause8.crust9.effects10.fires5.1.Advantages2.Differences3.necessary4.conscious5.silent6.experiences7.simple8.cause9.direction10.sleep6.1.Homes2.public3.connected4.indirectly5.books6.difference7.Content8.decided/chosen9.adult10.challenges7=1.concerned/cared2.use/function3.attracted4.image5.ways

126.stressed7.communication8.reason9.lifestyle10.Examples81.situation2.Reasons3.unemployment/joblessness4.mental5.young6.step-parents7.Attitudes8.beggars9.respect10.pitied91.friendliness2.others3.aspects/indicators4.smile5.warm6.choice7.Greetings8.from9.meaning10.possible101.attitudes2.Solutions3.passers-by4.encourage5.effective6.lack7.successfully/well8.cover9.solving10.down11Inthepast100yearsAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest-growingU.S.minority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation'sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasforming.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation'sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonaAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.MostAsian-AmericanstudentsowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearchersalsobelievethereissomethinginAsianCulturethatpromotessuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyformatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialseparation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.InthepastJ_,AsianAmericanshavemadegreatacademicachievements,Topicmakingthemthefastest-growingU.S.minorityReflectionofAsianAmericansmoreeasily2inmathematics,scienceandengineering.achievements

13Asian-American1.Havingasolidfoundationinmathematicsstudentsprefer2.Expectingagoodjobafter_4_mathematicsand3.Receivingfairertreatmentresultingfrommorescience.objective54.Realizinginvestmentmore_6^3forAsian-American1.Theyareencouragedtomakefull8ofAmericanachievementsstudentsachieveeducationalsystembyparents.success,_7_byparents2.TheyperformwellespeciallyinhomeworkwithandAsianCulture.the9ofparents.3.Theidealspromotingtheirsuccessaredeeply10inAsianCulture.TheyareworriedthatthehistorymayrepeatitselfasAsianimmigrantswereConcernseparatedfromAmericanmainstreamsociety.12Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofcolon.Differentculturesaremorelikelytocausecertaindifferentillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessesisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,about60yearsago,governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates(gᾠ⏚j)commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditives(klmᑺJ),causedcancer.Yet,theseadditiveswhichcausecancerremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandlivinganimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimessimilardrugsaregiventoanimalsnotformedicalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.FoodDietis(2)______withmostoftheillnessesandsomeofcancer.(1)______onourhealthFoodindifferent(3)____—islikelytocausecertainillnesses.NitratescommonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeatsareAbuseofnitrates(4)______inourfood.

14AbuseofotheradditivesforSomeadditiveslikepenicillinareusedto(6)______cows.(5)______purposesAbuseofsimilardrugsforSometimessimilardrugsareusedtomakeanimals(7)______reasons(8)______toobtainahigher(9)______onthemarket.TheFDAhastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,butthePresentsituation(10)____haven'tbeenstoppedyet.13AreyourchildrenbeingbulliedontheInternetandyoudon'tknowwhattodoaboutit?Youarenotalone.OneinfourchildrenintheUnitedKingdomwasthevictimofonlinebullyingin2007.Cyberbullying(ᵯᾯᓄrs)isyetanotherproblemthatparentsandchildrenarefacinginthisnewInternetage.Cyberbullyinginvolvestheuseofinformationandtechnologysuchase-mail,instantmessaging,andpersonalwebsitesthatareusedtosupportconscious,repeated,andhostile(tuḄ)behaviorbyoneormorepeoplewiththeintenttoharmothers.Accordingtoonevictim,thedifferencebetweenbeingbulliedatschoolandbeingbulliedontheInternetisthatyoucannotgetawayfromcyberbullyingaseasily.Cyberbullyingfollowsyou,evenafteryougethomefromschool.Thereishope.Herearesometipstohelpyouprotectyourchildrenagainstcyberbullying.Makesureyourchildrendonotrespondtorudeandtroublesomee-mails,messages,andpostings.Keeparecordofthemincaseyouneedproof.CalllawenforcementandinformyourInternetServiceProvider(ISP)ifnecessary.Usewebsitesthattranslatethelingoes(vw)yourchildrenaresendingorreceivingsothatyoucanunderstandthewordsthatarebeingusedine-mailsandchatrooms.Ifyourchildrencontinuetoreceivetroublesomee-mails,havethemdeletetheircurrentaccountsandopenanewone.Thisnewe-mailaddressshouldonlybegiventoafewpeopletheycantrustwithit.Ifyourchildrenarereceivingtroublesomemessagesthroughinstantmessaging,helpthemmakeuseofthe“block"or"ban”feature.Thisfeaturecanbeusedtoblockcertainindividualsfrombeingabletoreachyourchild.Ifyouhavefoundthatacyberbullyhassetupawebsitethatisbullyingyourchild,contactyourISPand,ifnecessary,alsoinformlawenforcementtotrytogetthatwebsiteremoved.Getyourchild'sschoolinvolved.LearnwhattheschooFspolicyoncyberbullyingis,andurgetheadministratorstotakeanattitudeagainstallformsofbullying.CyberbullyingproblemOneinfourchildrenintheUK(1)________fromonlinebullyingin2007.AbouttheCyberbullyingreferstothe(2)________inwhichinformationtechnologyisprobleminvolvedtoharmothers.CyberbullyingfollowsaroundallthetimeaslongastheInternetis(3)________.

15Makeno(4)________torudeandtroublesomemessages.(5)________tolawenforcementforhelpifnecessary.Gettounderstandthewordsine-mailsandchatroomswiththe(6)________ofcertainwebsitesthattranslatethelingoes.Deletethecurrentaccountsandopenanewoneto(7)________Tipstroublesomee-mails.Usethe(8)________of“block”or"ban”toblocktroublesomee-mailsfromcertainindividuals.(9)________awaywiththewebsitebylawifitisinsultingyourchild.(10)________theschoolintakingactionsoncyberbullying.14IfyourfamilyislikemanyintheUnitedStates,unloadingtheweek'sgroceriesincludeshaulingacaseortwoofbottledwaterintoyourhome.Onyourwaytoasoccergameoractivity,it'seasytograbacoldonerightoutofthefridge,right?Butallthoseplasticbottlesusealotoffossilfuelsandpollutetheenvironment.Infact,Americansbuymorebottledwaterthananyothernationintheworld,adding29billionwaterbottlesayeartotheproblem.Inordertomakeallthesebottles,manufacturersuse17millionbarrelsofcrudeoil.That'senoughoiltokeepamillioncarsgoingfortwelvemonths.Imagineawaterbottlefilledaquarterofthewayupwithoil.That'sabouthowmuchoilwasneededtoproducethebottle.Sowhydon'tmorepeopledrinkwaterstraightfromthekitchenfaucet?Somepeopledrinkbottledwaterbecausetheythinkitisbetterforthemthanwateroutofthetap,butthat'snottrue.IntheUnitedStates,localgovernmentsmakesurewaterfromthefaucetissafe.Thereisalsogrowingconcernthatchemicalsinthebottlesthemselvesmayleachintothewater.Peoplelovetheconvenienceofbottledwater.Butmaybeiftheyrealizedtheproblemsitcauses,theywouldtrydrinkingfromaglassathomeorcarryingwaterinarefillablesteelcontainerinsteadofplastic.Plasticbottlerecyclingcanhelp-insteadofgoingoutwiththetrash,plasticbottlescanbeturnedintoitemslikecarpetingorcozyfleececlothing.Unfortunately,foreverysixwaterbottlesweuse,onlyonemakesittotherecyclingbin.Therestaresenttolandfills.Or,evenworse,theyendupastrashonthelandandinrivers,lakes,andtheocean.Plasticbottlestakemanyhundredsofyearstodisintegrate.Waterisgoodforyou,sokeepdrinkingit.Butthinkabouthowoftenyouusewaterbottles,andseeifyoucanmakeachange.BettyMcLaughlin,whorunsanorganizationcalledtheContainerRecyclingInstitute,saysweshouldtryusingfewerbottles:"Ifyoutakeonetoschoolinyourlunch,don'tthrowitaway—bringithomeandrefillitfromthetapforthenextday.Keeptrackofhowmanytimesyourefillabottlebeforeyourecycleit.”

16Andyes,youcanmakeadifference.Rememberthis:Recyclingoneplasticbottlecansaveenoughenergytopowera60-wattlightbulbforsixhours.DrinkingWater:BottledorFromtheTap?(1)__situationAmericansconsumethe(2)___bottledwaterintheworld.ব—_forpeople'sBottledwaterisofhigher(4)___.preferenceforbottledwaterIt'smore(5)___forpeopletodrinkbottledwater.ProblemswithbottledThe(6)___ofplasticbottlesuselotsoffossilfuels.waterWaterbottlesweusecauseserious(7)___.Usebottles(9)___ofglassorsteel.(8)__thepassageUsearefillableplasticbottleasmanytimesas(10)offers___beforerecycling.15TheHongKonggovernmentissettooverhaul(☩z)itsimmigrationpolicywiththeaimofmakingiteasierformainlandandoverseastalentstoliveandworkinthecity.ThisisawelcomestepbecauseitwillremovewhatiswidelyseenasamajorhurdletoHongKong'seffortstoattractqualifiedimmigrantstohelpitsdevelopment.Tosustainthegrowthoftheservicessector,whichaccountsfornearly10percentofHongKong'sGDP,itisnecessarytocontinuouslyexpandthepooloftalentsinvariousfields.EffortstoattractmainlandandoverseastalentstoHongKongaretakingonspecialurgencynotonlybecauseoffiercecompetitionfromothercities,particularlySingapore,butalsotherapidlyagingpopulationresultingfromyearsoflowornegativebirthrates.HongKongenjoyscertaindistinctadvantagesovermanyAsiancitiesinthecompetitionfortalents.Beyonditsvibranteconomy,underlinedbyafreemarketenvironment,HongKonghasacombinationofsomeofthemostdistinctiveelementsofChineseandWesterncultures.HongKongisasexcitingasmanyotherAsianboomtowns,andyetitisnolessefficientthanatypicalEuropeancitywithamuchsmallerpopulation.Housingcostsarehigh,butnohigherthanthoseinotherfinancialcenters.Forinternationalbanksandmultinationalcorporations,housingcostsareaconcernonlywhentheopportunitytomakemoneybeginstodryup.AndthissituationisnothappeninginHongKongasthelocaleconomy,ridingtheboomonthemainland,israpidlyexpanding.Itiswithinthiscontextthatthegovernmenttakestheleadtoreviseitsimmigrationpolicy,whichcallsfor,amongotherthings,theestablishmentofaone-stopservicecentertoprocessallapplicationsundervariousmigrantschemes.Thismeansthatanapplicantwillinfutureneedtosubmitonlyoneformforprocessing.Otherchangestothepolicyincludetheremovingoftheagerestrictionsandloweringofexperiencerequirements.Underthepresentscoringsystemusedtovetapplicants,thosewhoareolderthan50andthosewithlessthanfiveyearsofworkexperiencewinnopointsintheirrespectivecategories.Thedetailsoftheproposedchangeshave

17notbeenannounced.Butaccordingtoagovernmentofficialquotedbythelocalpress,theaimistobroadenthepoolofqualifiedapplicants.TheHKgovernment'srevisingitsimmigrationpolicyItaimsto(1)_______thepoolofqualifiedimmigrantsandattracttalentstoAimshelpitsdevelopment.OtherAsian(2)_______citiesbringgreatpressureonit.ReasonsLowbirthrates(3)_______aboutrapidlyagingpopulation.Ithasa(4)_______marketenvironment.It(5)_______elementsofChinesecultureandthoseofWesterncultures.AdvantagesItisas(6)_______asatypicalEuropeancity.(7)_______withotherfinancialcenters,housingcostsarenotaconcernduetotheboomonthemainland.Applicantswillneedto(8)_______inonlyoneformforprocessing.ChangesTheagerestrictionsare(9)_______.Experiencerequirementsare(10)_______.16Muchofourgoodhealthdependsonthecooperationbetweensubstances.Whentheyworktogether,chemicalreactionstakeplacesmoothly.Bodysystemsarekeptinbalance.Someofthemostimportanthelpersinthejobofgoodhealtharethesubstanceswecallvitamins.VitaminAisneededtoproducealight-sensitivesubstanceintheeyes.PeoplewhodonotgetenoughvitaminAcannotseewellinthedark.ThebestsourceofvitaminAisfishliveroil.Itisalsofoundintheyellowpartofeggs.Inaddition,squash,sweetpotatoes,caiTotsandotherdarklycoloredfruitsandvegetablescontainsubstancesthatthebodycanchangeintovitaminA.VitaminB-lisalsocalledthiamine.Itchangesstarchy({|}Ḅ)foodsintoenergy.Italsohelpstheheartandnervoussystemworksmoothly.Withoutit,wewouldbeweakandwouldnotgrow.Thiamineisfoundnotjustinwholegrainslikebrownrice,butalsoinotherfoods.Theseincludebeansandpeas,nutsandmeatandfish.VitaminB-l2isneededsofolicacidcandoitswork.Together,theyhelpproduceredbloodcells.Withoutthem,apersonsuffersfromanemia(~⊈).VitaminB-12isfoundnaturallyinfoodssuchaseggs,meat,fishandmilkproducts.VitaminCisnecessaryforstrongbonesandteeth,andforhealthybloodvessels.Italsohelpswoundshealquickly.ThebodystoresverylittlevitaminC.Sowemustgetiteverydayinfoodssuchascitrusfruits,tomatoesanduncookedcabbage.Vitamins(1)______OfProblemscausedFunctionsব______vitaminby(2)______ofitVitaminAHelpingpreventpoor(4)_____I_nabilitytoseewellFishliveroil,yellow

18atnightatnightpartofeggs,darklycoloredfruitsandvegetables(5)______starchyfoodsintoenergy;Wholegrains,beans,(7)______healthVitaminB-lBeinggoodforthe(6)______peas,nuts,meatandandslowgrowthworkoftheheartandnervousfishsystemFoodslikeeggs,meat,Helpingpreventa(8)______VitaminB-12Anemiafishandmilkproductsdiseasecalledanemia(9)___initA(10)______forstrongbonesCitrusfruits,tomatoesVitaminCandteethandhealthybloodNotmentionedanduncookedvesselsvegetables17RisingGrainPricesPanicDevelopingWorldGovernmentsaroundtheworldhavetakeneffectivemeasuresinrecentweekstocontroltheircountries,suppliesofrice.Thepriceofgrains-corn,wheat,andrice—hasbeenrisingsince2005underpressurefromfarmerswhowouldratherplantcropsforbiofuelsthanforfood.Thesharpestincreasehasbeenthisyear,withthepriceofThairicenearlydoublingsinceJanuary,to$60permetricton.Someanalystsexpectthatpricetoreach$1,000inthenextthreemonths.TangMin,aformerchiefeconomistfortheAsianDevelopmentBank,saidthepriceincreaseistheinevitableconsequenceofsupplyanddemand.i4Theworldpopulationisincreasing,buttheincreaseoftheplantingofricehasnotbeenasfast,“hesaid."Withouttheoilpriceincreasingsubstantially,thecornpricewillnotincrease.Withoutcompricesincreasingquickly,thericepricewillnotrise.^^Despiteeffortsbygovernmentstoincreasewagesandintroducefoodsubsidies()priceincreasesandshortageshaveledtoviolentclashesalongsupplylines,infooddistributioncentersandatsupermarkets.Toencouragefarmerstogobacktoplantingfood,China,Indonesiaandothercountriesareincreasingtheirminimumcompensationtofarmerswhogrowgrains.InChina,thegovernmentisconcernedthatthepriceincreaseisalreadyleadingtoupsettingincidents.InAugust2007,asupermarketintheinlandcityofChengdudecreasedthepriceofeggsfrommorethan4yuanto3.2yuan-about46cents-tocatertoshoppers.Thousandsofpeopleshowedupatthefrontdoor,andfourwereinjuredduringwhatthedomesticmediacalled“scarebuying”.

19InOctober,aShanghai-basedchainsupermarketputfive-literbottlesofcookingoilupforsaleatthediscountpriceof30.8yuan—$4.39,about$2.85lowerthantheusualprice.Fiveminutesafterthestoreopened,19peoplewerehurtintherushtobuy.Thejumpinfoodpriceshashadabigeffectondevelopingcountriesbecausefoodaccountsforamuchlargerpercentageofoverallconsumption.InChina,itisalmost30percent,whileinVietnamitis40percentandinIndia50percent.TocalmincreasinglyconcernedChineseconsumersthegovernmenthasfrozenthepricesofsomegrains,meatandeggs.Italsohasrunpictureafterpictureinlocalnewspapersofits“strategicreserves^^offrozenmeat,sacksofgrainandbaiTelsofcookingoil.RisingGrainPricesWhathas(1)____grainpricestojump?What(2)_____havebeenmadetocontrolgrainprices?TheincreaseofThesubstantialoilGovernmentsaroundtheworldhavetaken(5)_____measuresplantinggrainsispriceincrease(4)____to_controltheircountries,supplyofrice.(3)_____thantothatofriceprice.SomecountriesSomecountriesisChinahaskeptthethatoftheworldhaveincreasedincreasing(8)_____pricesofgrainspopulation.(6)_____andtofarmersgrowing(9)_____andtaken(7)_____foodgrainstoencourage(10)____ofthesubsidies.them.mediatoputthepublicatease.18Haveyoueverwonderedwhytherearesomanyskincolorsintheworld?Doyouknowwhypeoplelivinginparticularareasusuallyhaveacertaincolor?Biologyandhistoryarethetworeasonsforthis.Skincontainssomethingcalledmelanin,whichdeterminesaperson'sskincolor.Themoremelaninapersonhas,thedarkerhisorherskinwillbe.Theamountofandproductionofmelaninarecontrolledbygenetics,butcanbeaffectedbyotherthings,suchassunlight.Ifapersonlivesinaplacewithstrongsunlight,hisorherskinwillprotectitselfbyproducingmoremelanin,makingtheskindarker.Inaplacewithlesssunlight,aperson'sbodywillproducelessmelanin,makingtheskinlighter.Skincolorisalsoaffectedbyanothersource—vitaminD.HumansallneedvitaminDtobuildbones.Peoplecangetitbyeatingfoodssuchasfishandmilk,orfromsunlight,whichcausesvitaminproductionintheskin.Melaninprotectsskinbyabsorbingsunlight,sosunlightabsorbedbymelanincannotbeusedforvitaminDproduction.Therefore,adark-skinnedpersonwillproducelessvitaminDthanalight-skinnedpersonwhentheyreceivedthesameamountofsunlight.TheconnectionbetweenvitaminDproductionandskincolorisclearwhenwelookatevolution.TheearliesthumanslivedinAfrica,theirdarkskincoveredwithhair.Whentheymovedtoplacesthathadlesssunlight,theirbodiesproducedlessvitaminDbecauseoftheirdarkskin.As

20aresult,theirskinmadelessmelanin,sotheycouldgetenoughsunlighttoproducevitaminD.theirskingraduallygotlighterandtheylosthair.Now,peoplewholiveinareaswithstrongsunlight,likeAfrica,havedarkerskin,whilepeoplelivinginotherareashavelighterskin.TheexceptiontothisistheInuit,wholiveinaplacewithlittlesunlight,buthavedarkskinbecausetheyeatalotoffishandhaveenoughvitaminD.Evolutionhasgivenusarainbowofskincolors.Humanshavealwayshadmelanintodetermineourskincolor.Whathaschangedthroughhistoryistheenvironmentwherewehavelived.Thishasintumchangedourmelaninproduction,andeventually,skincolor.AWorldofSkinColorPeoplelivinginaparticularফ▲usuallyhavethesameskincolorBrief(1)Aandtherearemanydifferentskincolorsintheworld.ReasonsforskinThereasonsfordifferentskincolorsmainly(3)Ainbiologyandcolorhistory.1Theamountofmelanin,bywhichaperson'sskincolorisভ▲,variesfrompeopletopeople.Themoremelaninapersonhas,theম▲hisorherskinwillbe.Biologicalreasons1VitaminDisanothersourceয▲skincolor.VitaminDisnecessaryforhumanstobuildbones.SunlightcontributestovitaminDproductionintheskin.1TheearliestpeopleinAfricahaddarkskinwithhaircoveringitbecausethesunlightisverystrong..1WhentheymovedtoplaceswheretheycouldnotgetenoughHistoricalreasonssunlighttoI▲vitaminD,theirskincolorbecamelighter.1Generallyspeaking,peopleinareaswithstrongsunlight,havedarkerskin▲peopleinotherareashavelighterskin.Melanin(10)Aanimportantroleinourskincolor.Withourliving(9)▲environmentchanging,melaninproductionischanged,whichleadstothechangesinourskincolor.19Thelatestscientificstudiesshowthatthesunandtheoceanshavefarmoreimportantinfluencesontheworld'sclimatethanhumanactivity.TheheadoftheNongovernmentalInternationalPanelonClimateChange(NIPCC),ProfessorFredSinger,putforwardasuggestiontotheUN-sponsored()IPCC.Hesaid,“WedonatedourtimeandbesteffortstoproducethisreportoutofconcernthattheIPCCgaveusanincorrectreasonforglobal-warmingbasedonincompleteandfaultyscience.”“Global-warmingnewshasledtothedemandforunrealisticefficiencystandardsforcars,theconstructionofuneconomicwindandsolarenergystations,theestablishmentoflargeproductionfacilitiesforuneconomicfuelssuchasethanol(⏣)fromcom,requirementsthat

21electriccompaniesbuyexpensivepowerfromso-called'renewable'energysources,andplanstoreduce,atconsiderableexpense,carbondioxidefrompowerplants.“Whileitisabsolutelynothingwrongtoincreaseenergyefficiency,theycannotberegardedasarealisticmeanstocontrolclimate.Inaddition,policieshavebeendevelopedthattrytohidethehugecostofgreenhousegascontrols.“Seeingscienceclearlymisusedtoshapepublicpoliciesthathavethepotentialtocauseseriouseconomicharm,particularlyonlow-incomegroups,wechoosetospeakupforscienceatatimewhentoofewpeopleoutsidethescientificcommunityknowwhatishappening,andtoofewscientistswhoknowthetruthhavetospeakoutagainsttheIPCC.”NIPCCiswhatitsnamesuggests:aninternationalorganizationofnon-governmentalscientistsandscholarswhohavecometogethertounderstandthecausesandconsequencesofclimatechange.“Becausewedon'tbelieveclimatechangeiscausedbyhumangreenhousegas,weareabletolookatevidencetheIPCCignores.Becausewedonotworkforanygovernments,wecanmakeourresearchmorescientificandfairer.”Title:ANewFindingOnTheGlobal(1)ChangeCharactersNIPCCIPCCItisanon-governmentalWhatitisItis___(3)bytheUnitedNations.—ফ.Theydevotedtimeand___(4)toMoreefficientcarsarein__(6).producingthereporttotellthetruthUneconomicwindandsolarenergystationstothepublic.are___(7).WhattheySomerenewable___(8)sourcesarehavedoneTheychoosetospeakupforsciencerequired.atatimebecausepeopleThehugecostofgreenhousegasknow____(5)aboutit.controlsaremadeunknowntothe—(9).Thesunandtheoceans__(10)HumanactivitiesaretoblamefortheConclusiontheglobalclimatemore.climatechange.20FairviewElementarySchool,Modesto,California,withsome1,000studentsfromkindergartenthroughsixthgrade(about10percentofthemLatino),haslongsufferedfromdisciplineproblems,poortestscores,andaneartotallackofparentalinvolvement.Thedifficultiesaren'tsurprisinggiventhatmanyoftheparents---immigrantswhoworkonfarmsorinfactories3speaklittleornoEnglish.Since2002,FairviewElementarySchoolhasbeenaFirstAmendmentSchool,oneof97developedacrossthecountrybytheFirstAmendmentCenter.Theideabehindthefive-year-oldprogram:TokeepAmericanstrong,childrenmustbetrainedtorespectmanypointsofview,

22weighcomplexissues,andunderstandthefreedomsguaranteedbytheConstitution().Asstudentslearngoodcitizenship,thetheorygoes.Theywilldeveloptheskillsandattitudetodowellacademically.Fairviewstudentsenjoy"freedoms"otherkidsmightenvy(theyvotednottowearschooluniforms,forexample).Butthechildrendon?tjustexerciserights.Theyalsoacceptsuchresponsibilitiesasspeakingupduringclassdiscussions,andkeepingtheschoolcleanandsafe(Fairviewisconsideredthecleanestof33schoolsinitsdistrict).Inonedeparturefromtradion,thereisnohand-raisinginclass."Instead,"saysteacherDeborahSupnet,"weteachthemtolistenuntiltheotherchildstopstalking.*'Itiscalledanexerciseinrespect.Lastyear,thenumberofstudentsevaluatedadvancedinmathdoubled,from15%to30%.AndFairviewgraduatesintheirfirstmiddle-schoolmid-termexamaveragedBgrades;96percentpassedallsubjects.ParticularlyencouragingtoPrincipalRobWilliams,theschoolnowhasanactiveparents'group,ParentswithaVoice.Oneofthoseparents,LauraMalagon,praisestheprogramforconvincing,hertoplayamoreactiveroleinherchildren'sschoollife.FreshideasthataremakingthegradeThe1.______StudentsofFairviewElementarySchoolhavetrouble2._____themselvesandgettinggoodgrades.Theirparentsdidn'tgetactively3.____intheirchildren'sschoollife.ThestrategiesStudentsaretrainedto4.____diferentopinionsandgetabetter5.____ofthefreedoms.Studentslearntobegood6._____and7.______academicperformance.ThesignsofStudents8.______onmoreresponsibilitiessuccessA(n)9._____numberofstudentsdowellinmath.Parentstakeamoreactive10.______intheirchildren'sschoollife.ὃᫀ111.century2.succeed/achieve3.Reasons/Explanations4.graduation/college5judgment6.immediately/quickly

237.influenced/affected8.use9.help/aid/assistance10.rooted/anchored/involved121.Effects/Influences2.associated/linked3.cultures4.left5.medical6.treat7.financial8.fatter9.price10.practices131.suffered2.behavior3.Available4.response5.Turn6.Help7.avoid8.feature9.Do10.Involve141.Present2.most3.Reasons4quality5.convenient6.production/manufacturing7.pollution8.Suggestions/Tips9.made10.possible151.broaden/expand2.competitive3.brings4.free5.combines6.efficient7.Compared8.send9.removed10.lowered161.Types2.lack3.Sources4.eyesight5.Changing6.smooth7.Poor/Bad8.blood9.rich/abundant10.must/necessity171.caused/led2.efforts3.slower4.contributes/leads5.effective/various6.wages7.introduced8.Compensation9.stable10.advantage181.introduction2.area3.lie4.determined5.darker6.affecting7.produce8.while9.Conclusion/Summary10.plays191.Climate2.organization/group/panel3.supported/sponsored4.efforts5.little6.demand/need7.constructed/built8.energy9.public/people10.influence/affect201.problems2.behaving/disciplining/contrlling3.involved4.respect5.understanding6.citizens7.improve8.take9,increasing/growing/increasedlO.part/roleὃ-Ḅb3.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.2010ᓅ᧡D
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