新概念51（Newconcept51）

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6perfecttensewhenitrepresentsthemostrecentperiod:Ihaventheardfromhimrecently.Ihaven'theardfromhimlately.Thesimplepasttensecanalsobeusedinadverbialclausesoftime:VocabularylearningWordstudy1.raiseandrise(1)whenraiseisusedasaverb,itcanonlybetransitiveverb,thatis,itmustbefollowedbyanobject.Itcanmean"lifting”,“liftingup"and"making”......Elevationandsoon:Will,those,who,agree,with,me,please,raise,their,hands?Wou1dyoupleaseraiseyourhanduptothosewhoagreedwithme?Whydidtheyraiseprices?Whydotheyraiseprices?(2)whenriseisusedasaverb,itisusuallyanintransitiveverb,whichmeans"standup","getup","(day,month,etc.)rise"andsoon:You'restillinbedandthesunhasalreadyrisen!

7You,restillinbed,thesunhasrisen!Iusedtoriseathalfpastsix.Iusedtogetupat6:30.Allthestudentsrosewhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.Allthestudentsstoodupwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.2.layandlie(1)thepastandpastparticiplesoflayarebothlaid.Itisusuallytransitiveverb,whichmeans"set","layaside","pave",“prepare"andsoon:Pleaselaythebookopenonthedesk.Pleaseopenyourbookandputitonthedesk.Ilaidyourclothesonthebedsoyoncouldputthemaway.Iputyourclothesonthebed,soyoucanputthemaway.Ifyoucan'tcookthedinner,youcanatleastlaythetable.Ifyoucan,tcook,youcansetthetableatleast.(2)thepastandpastparticiplesofliearelayandlainrespectively.Itisanintransitiveverb,whichmeans"lying”

8and“lyinghorizontally”:Are,you,going,to,lie,in,bed,all,morning?Areyougoingtolieinbedallmorning?Are,you,going,to,spend,the,whole,morning,lying,in,bed?(ibid.)Weweresotiredafterlastnight'spartymorning,thatwelayinbedallWewereverytiredafterthepartylastnight,andwe'vebeeninbedallmorning.3.beatandwin(1)whenbeatisusedastransitiveverb,itcanbeexpressedasdefeat,conquer,exceed,exceed:Theybeattheirenemy,thoughtheywerefewerinnumber.Althoughtheywerefew,theydefeatedtheenemy.Abeatisusedwhenateamdefeatsanotherteam.(2)whenwinisusedastransitiveverb,itcanbeexpressedas'in”......Win(win),win,get,win,etc.:ExerciseanswersKeytowrittenexercises

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15ὶCD@CDCDᑮ@ᡂLieFeel+adj.Shy:shy(habitual,inacertainsituationwillbereflected)Shame:(n.)ashamedShameful:ishumblingAshamed:ashamedHot:hot,irritatedUncomfortable:uncomfortable