食品化学试题总集

《食品化学试题总集》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

ᓄ
ᢈ▾20-20ὃ
ᓄᔁA1ᔁᔁ᪶ὃ$%100ᑖ&⚪'()ᑖ!ᑖ*ᑖ▅ᔁ+᪶ஹ-.⚪(0.5ᑖX60)1
Ḅ012ឋᒹ58A=BᐰឋD஺2EFᙠḄGᵨIJK678஺3:ᱥ0ᙠ=ᱥ>ᑁḄ@1ᙠLMN7O1ᐗQ஺ORḄS2ᐗQTUᨵ4WX
KᑖYZḄ[\ᨵஹ5]▭⏘`abᑖcdᕒfg⏘ᑖᡂஹ8஺6ijḄk▰mnᒹ5ᱥ0ᙠ>ᑁḄḄ8Ḅ᦮~7=ᱥ>ᑁḄoᔾqᒹ5ஹ8஺8ᑖrḄℍ⃔FuEMP-TCA⌶wᐳy=z{|~ATPḄ1Jᐸ⏗6y=~ATP,⏚ᡂ⏒⏘Ay=~ATP,⏒⏘uTCAy=~ATPo9ᱥᙠ=Ḅ⌕=ᳮᒹ5810
ḄjMJḄᡂᢣ11ᕡḄ[\ᨵ812=ᳮ¡Z¢J£¤ᕡ¥ᒹ5813ᕡḄz¦Gᵨᒹ5ஹ814§Ḅῥ©ᕡḄ⌕ᡂᑖ,¯EḄ>ᕡᱥ015
Ḅ⁐Qᑖr«ᵫ8°ᡂJ⁐Q±⁐²³|ᐸ16ᑏᓄaBHABHT·PGPA.17᪶8´ORḄᱥµQ;¹ºORḄᱥµQ;»k¼Ḅ§cORḄ½¾¶ḄµQ஺18◭ÀḄᵞⅅᨵÃÄÅÆÇÈḄµQJÉஹᑨË⚪(1ᑖX10)1ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓyᱥJÉᐹᨵᱯÖḄᯖFᕡ)2>ᱥ
⊈ÙQÚÛḄᔾᦈ»Ý⏚8Þ⏚ßà()3áᓄ1gFᡠãäḄ1åáᓄ1gæç0ᡠãäḄ1è()4éᦈêḄKëḄ°ìíîᑁ»ïᙠðᓄGᵨ()5ᜧòᦪḄK8ëôLᙠ0࠷▬÷ḄøZIùú()6ûüM├þḄÿ
ᑖḄஹᵞ⏚ஹ⏚ᔠᱥ()7ᐝḄ
200-400nm,0᜜Ḅ
400-800nm()8ᨵ☘Ḅ!"#$%ᨬ'(ᵨ*ᧇ#ᡈ-ᴻ#ᒹ$()9ᱥ23ᑺ5678⏗:;<ᔠ23ᑺ567⏗=஺()10???@AᨵBCDEFGGH@AᨵBIDE()

1Kஹᓫ⚗⌱O⚪Q1ᑖR101SᾦᙠVWXYZᑈ\]^᧕`abḄcd
SᾦZᨵQeAIᾦBf⛳^ᾦh⏚C⁐Dᾦ2jឋḄl⌕ᱯo
QeAᐳqrsẚuBf᧕s⏦!CwxyVDᱥz{ឋ|ᜫ3⏦Ḅ~ឋAQeAᓄBᔠC⏘dD⏘4ᔾḄ⏘
QeA!⏘Bᔠ⏘Cᔠᡂ⏘Dᓄc⏘5NAD+6
QeA\⏒᪶ᵞ⏚B\⏒᪶ᵞ⏚I⏚Cᓫ᪶ᵞ⏚D᪶᧖⏚6ᑖℍ⃔¡EMP¢⏚8⏗£¤QeA1¥ATPB2¥ATPC4¥ATPD8¥ATP7¦§¨©Q©ᕡeḄᖪ¬
QeA®¯⏚°B±¯⏒²ᵬ⏒´C®?⏣?I⏚Dᜩ·⏒²¸⏚ᵬ¹8º᣸⏀½¾¿ÀḄᐜÂÃÄ%F¡Åᐜ¾ÆÇᕡ⍝ḄFɾᕡÊḄ¿F©ËÌᙠᨬÂ⍝,l⌕
7Î■ÐQeAᕡḄÑÒBᕡḄjÓCÔᕡDËÕÖ×9ØÙÚÛZyÜᦔ"ᨬ'Ḅ
QeAÞᾦBßÚCᓱáÚDâãäÚ10åæçḄ⇷äZéᙠḄê⊈ìZíîïᨵðñòᵨḄóᱥð
QeA⏘ᢓᑴᑺBö÷Cøùℍ⃔ᵞDú✌üஹf⚗⌱OQ1ᑖX101ýþNÿ
ḄANḄBNḄCḄDḄ2ᐵᔠᑡḄᨵA!"#ᑺB%&'()ᱥᑭᵨCᒹ.ᓫᑖ12ᔠ34ᑖ12ᔠD-60C&563⏘Ḅ89:;<᪗>A?Ḅ"ᵨ@ᱥBA<ḄឋCC⏦ḄEF:;D?ḄᩭH4I⏘JKᓄMN⏘ḄAῃP⏘BῃQCRST⏘DM⏘5)ᱥKᓄUVḄW!X⏚Z[ᡂḄ]^ᨵ_`ᑖaAbcX⏚ᓄBKᓄX⏚ᓄC@ᱥdX⏚ᓄDefX⏚ᓄ6ᑡA

2A|}~ᙠBIs~ஹ☘~¡ᕈ£C|}~ᙠᓣWDIs~ஹ☘~¡8ᱥ'yAᾙᐜbyBpH5ᓣCATPᐜyDb¤᝱⊤>ᾙḄᡂ{9ᐵᕡᑡḄAᕡḄᨬB§ᕡḄᨬ᠒Cᕡᨬ᧕'ᑮD©ªᱥCḄ█¬ᜧᐸ°ឋ±10ᑡ⁐~J4I)ᱥḄᨵA☘~B|}~CIᓄᔠᱥDIs~²ஹ:³´µ2ᑖX51ᯖSᓄA<·2⏘Ḅ¸ឋ¹·3■ῖᑺ·4ᾙḄᡂ{·5ᾦ½⏚ḄBKᓄ:¿ஹÀÁ⚪4ᑖX51ᑏÄÅÆ]V>KmḄÇÈ2ÀÉÊËnfᧇᑴᜓoℍSÏWoSÏḄÐÑUVÒᡠÔᵨḄ⏘3ÕÖoஹ×ØÙÚÛᔾḄÝ~4ᑏÄEMP⌶ßḄA<^5ÀÕÖᕡḄÝ~àஹá⚪10ᑖXI1âã⏚äᙠᾙᑴḄ"ᵨåÀæçèéêḄëì"ᵨÒᐸ⚜■îïðñòóᢈõö▾20-20øùöúúûὃý

3þᓄöÿᔁA2ᔁᔁ᪶ὃ100ᑖ⚪ᑖᑖᑖ▅ᔁ᪶ஹ⚪(0.5ᑖX60)1!ᑖ"#Ḅ%&'(;*+,ᑖ"#Ḅ%᧖'(2᪀ᡂ012Ḅ34⏚#ᐹᨵ89:4Ḅ(;<ᐹᨵ89=ឋ4?Ḅ(;஺3⏘ḄBᵨᱯE(ஹஹF஺4ᾦHIJKᡂ;»5MNḄOPᐗ,RSᨵT<ᑖU(ஹஹ;•6WX#ḄYZᡂᑖ[Ḅᓻ]Bᵨᒹ_ஹஹஹ;஺7ᡃabc4dᕡfᒹ_ஹஹஹஹஹ;஺8WX#Ḅ✏ᕡᩭi⌶kᨵT<ᑖU(ஹஹ;஺9lm,#nᨵḄOPo,(p⊈r,#sᔠḄOPᐗ,(஺10ᔠuvᑺᵫ3yᑖzᡂ<ᓽஹ;஺11|ᱥ2#<~ᐵḄMᐗ,(»ᙠWᱥ#ᨵ8Tᙠ<ᓽ;<᧕஺~ᵬ,ᔠᡂḄ◤ᐗ,(<Ớ᧕<#ᨬ⌕Ḅ□"(<+ᢝ[ᨬ¡⌕Ḅ"(ஹ;o12⏘¢cᓄḄ¤¥⌕ᨵஹ;஺13᪷§¨ᕡᡂᑖ;©ᔠªᕡḄ«¬®¨ᕡᑖ¯;«14ᾦ±ឋ+K,#<~┛³⁚ᐵḄ(p~µ¶ᨵᐵḄ(<·ᨬ¸fḄ(<¹º»(ᨵᦔḄᢙ·ᓄᑺ஺15¾·ᓄ¿⏘ḄÀ(E.C.1.11.1.6,ᐸ#?(@ᜫBḼ>?DEḄFG()

4AFBHICJDKL2MN⌕PᑴREᙠ"#A100࠷B150࠷C250࠷D300࠷3T$UV⏚W"#AᓝYZ5V⏚BᓝYZ[V⏚C[ᓝ[Z\V⏚D[ᓝZUV⏚4]ᑡ⏘`ab᪀⏘ḄW"#Aℍ⃔fb᪀⏘Bgh⏘Cῃj⏘Dkl⏘5FMNmnW"#Ao⏒qrst[᪶ᵞ⏚Bo⏒qrst[᪶ᵞ⏚3⏚Cwxᓫ᪶ᵞ⏚Dwxryt[᪶ᵞ⏚6zᔾ|(⊝+%ᓄ3⏚ᓄ~Ḅᜧᵨ]ᢣ᪗"#AP/OBO/PCADPDATP7KᑖḄℍ⃔fEMP-TCA⌶ᐳ$aIATPḄ+"#A28ATPB30ATPC34ATPD38ATP8ᾦ⏚Ḅᑖ(ᨬ⌕Ḅᑖ⌶W"#Aa%ᓄBP%ᓄC3%ᓄDᐸ9fDḄᖪmW"#Al⏚BK⏒¡ᵬ⏒£qC\⏣\3⏚Dᜩ¦l⏒¡§l⏚ᵬ¨10©2RᜐᳮḄᜧ¬(0ᙠ®¯°±ᓄᔾᦈḄ³x´W"#Agh⏘ᢓᑴᑺB·¸xC¹ℍ⃔fᵞDº»UஹL⚗⌱9"1ᑖX101ᐵa⏚½Ḅ¾¿ÀÁḄW"#A⏚½ÂÃÄÅÆᾦ⏚Ḅ+BÇÈMᾦḄ⏚½ÉCᡃËÌLᵨÍᱥMḄ⏚½Î6D⏚½ÏᜧMᾦ+ÏÐ2⏘ḄÑឋ(ÓḄÔ◤Öᑖ×ØᑖÙW"#AÚᓄÖBÛᔠÖCÝÞßD⏘gh3]ᑡÂÃ`aEMP⌶Ḅᨵ"#Aℍ⃔f3⏚ᓄ$ᡂ3⏚ℍ⃔fB3⏚ℍ⃔fb᪀â3⏚ãfCäå⏚b᪀âbäå⏚Dæçè⏚é$ᡂêã⏚4ᐵaëᕡᱥḄ¾¿ÀÁḄW"#AØìíᡂᑖîᩖB+IßGᦔãñòCᜧᦪW⃩õᱥDö᧕.ẚù5]ᑡ⁐x`aᾦûឋ⁐xḄᨵ"#AT☘xBýþxCwÿᓄᔠᱥD6⏘ᓄ⏘ḄAᓄ⏘Bᓄ⏘Cῃ⏘D⏦7⏘ᓄḄឋ!A⏘Ḅ"#ᑖ%&'B⏦Ḅᩭ)C⏘Ḅ*+,᪀D⏘Ḅឋ./80᤺2Ḅ34ᙠᡂ78.A9:;'ᙠ<=Bஹ?☘AᕈCC9:;'ᙠᓣEDஹ?☘A<=9FᱥGHI2

5AJᾙᐜMN2OPBpHYᓣCATP;'ᐜQO2<=DMNZ᝱⊤]ᾙḄᡂ710RᱥᓄḄSTᨵ(AVWXBῃWXCN^ῃWXDᓄῃWX_ஹ`abc2ᑖd51e◤g⏚i2jḄe◤gk:3Rᱥᓄ:4⊈⁐&:5ᢙᓄᑺ:qஹrs⚪4ᑖX51uv&OឋḄwxy2ᑏ{EMP|}⏚~⏗ḄWXT

63ᑏ{S8]KmḄd4wxᕡḄy5wx34ஹᔾḄyஹ⚪10ᑖXI10᤺24Ḅᡂᑖᙠᡂ78.~ROᓄ

7¡¢£ᢈ¥¦▾20-20¬¦®®¯ὃª¨¡ᓄ¦©ªᔁB1ᔁ{ᔁ±:᪶#±:ὃª¹+i100ᑖº⚪²¶·¸_qᑖ³ᑖ»ᑖ±▅ᔁ±¼᪶±|ஹ½*⚪0.5ᑖX601q⃩¿.ÀÁÂJÃÀ'Ḅᨵ2ⅅÅᙠ⏘ḄÆᵨ3bÈÑ»3¡.ÉÊḄ¶ÅᨵஹÔA஺4Ë34⏦Ì⋎O"ᐵḄ⏘Ï⌕:ᾦ⏘3bᾦÖḄᨬØÙᱥÑ஺5ஹ34ஹᾙஹÚஹuÑÛ᝘.⏚ឋ¡ᨵÑáឋ¡ᨵO6#|Ý⏘ḄÞ`e◤]ḄÑ7FᱥJᾙḄß⁐Ï⌕ᩭàÑ8ᨵâãSäåæ}Å⏘çèéi|ãᑭᵨ◀ì}Åí|î᜜V;<=᝘?஺9ð£YᡠᵨḄòó⏘ãôᐸ.öÈ÷ᓄ⏘Ḅ,ᐸBᓄCḄᵞE)FÈÅᓄ⏘ḄøÀ3bḄÅ᧖úᨵÑO10⏘ÆᵨḄûüyᨵஹஹஹ,ᐸ.ᓰÏÿᵨḄᨵ஺11ᾦ⏚ḄᓄᑖᨵஹGHI஺12ḄᑖᒹJKLM஺13ᕡᵫῚḄஹஹᔠNO)PQRᑮᱥ7ḄᕡTᢣḄᔠ஺14᪷!⌼#ᧇ%&Ḅ'()*+,⏀ᑖ.ஹஹV✏M15/0ᑺ*ᑖ.ஹஹ஺1623Ḅ4▰ᒹᱥ7ᙠ9:Ḅ17XYZᵨ[\⏚]Ḅᵨᨵஹஹ^ஹᑨ`⚪
1ᑖX101?ᓄᑺᑖbcdᨵefgh)iᨵeCghjk2⏘mnḄopqr)mns᳛qujk3vᑖbḄℍ⃔yEMP⌶{|NO}~6ATPḄ|jk4ᓄ1gᾦᡠḄ|ᓄ1g,7ᡠḄ|rjk5L'᧕ᙠPᩩ.ᦈḄᱏᯠᨵḄᔾᵨjk6ᜧᦪᕡᱥ7⃩ᱥ7()7¢£¤ᕡᑺ}¥¤pḄg¦ᱥⅅ)¨£15%Ḅⅅ©ªᙠ20࠷Ḅ¤p.1j8ⅅஹ¬?®¯#

8()9°±ᔾ²Ḅ³®ᓄ¯#⏘jk10´µḄ}¥ᑖb7´6000T¶*|NO·ᕡjk¿ஹᓫ⚗⌱Ã⚪j1ᑖX101d\Äg⏚ᨵ()ACysBTrpCAlaDTyr2ÅᜧᦪḄ⏘()A,7BÆOCᾦD3ÇBᓄឋÉ£()ABᓄghBÊᔠghCË⏘bD⏘,4Oᱥᓄ±Ì᜜ÎÏḄ'(Ð()AᓄÑÒ7BNᱥCÓḄ|DÔÕHI5NADP+ÖF()A×⏒ÙÚÛÜ^᪶ᵞ⏚B×⏒ÙÚÛÜ^᪶ᵞ⏚¼⏚CÞᓫ᪶᧖⏚DÞÚᘊÜ^᪶ᵞ⏚6ḄᨵáḄâ⌕⌶{()AEMP-TCA⌶{BEMP-¸¹⏚º»C¼⏚½⌶{Dᐸ¾7¤äḄᖪYÖ()A»½gÄgæ⏚çBèvæ⏒éᵬ⏒[ÙC»½ë⏣ë¼⏚DᜩîÄ⏒éïÄ⏚ᵬð8ᑡòóᑺ)ôᡂö÷pᨬrḄjkAù÷BúᾦCᓱü÷Dý÷9ஹᾦÄg⏚⌶{}þὶḄ()A⏚B⏒⏘ACℍ⃔D10ᾙᨵ⏚!"()Aᾙ#$%⏚&⏗(%⏚Bᾙ$⏀*&⏗(⏀*Cᾙ+,-Dᐸ/:ஹ<=⚗⌱@A1ᑖX101Cᾦ$EFGHIJKLCᾦ()AMNOGBMNPQCỚSTᓣDỚSPQ2ᐰ⏘ᒹX()A⏘B⏘"YCZᓫ⏘D\]^3Pᑡ#`aᓫḄ()Aℍ⃔BℍbCc,dDc,de4Pᑡ⏘`a3f⏘Ḅ()Agh⏘B⏘Cῃj⏘Dkl⏘5]ᱥnᓄ89#CO2Ḅpᡂqrᨵ()AGnstBῃustCvwῃjstDnᓄῃjst60᤺2Ḅ34ᙠᡂ789#()Aghxyᙠz{BghxyᙠO|CI}ឋxyO|DI}ឋxyz{

97Pᑡ⁐^`a3}ឋ⁐^Ḅᨵ()A☘^B^CᓄᔠᱥD^8Pᑡᐗ^#`aḄᨵᐗ^Ḅᨵ()APBCuCHgDPb9ᾦḄᒹX()AᵞCḄBᾦ⏚ḄCklᵨDᐸ/10↣✏Ḅᡂᑖᨵ()A1--3-⏣B1-3C2,6-¡Dᵬ£⏣¤ஹ¥¦f§2ᑖX5
13ᑖ¨N©2⏘!:3EMP⌶¬:4klᵨ:5®¯Gᑺ:±ஹZ²⚪A4ᑖX5
1´⌕¶·¸,¹stḄºstᱥ»¼½ᐸst¾NḄ"^

102¿ÀÁ8nᓄᱥ⏘IJ¿4ÂHÃᔲᐙᑖḄᢣ᪗3⏘ÈᓄᵨḄᱯÊÀÁ4ᑏÌTCAÍÎḄÏstr5ZÐᾦÑnᓄ⏚ÒḄ=Ó»ᐸ¼½"^ÔஹÕÐ⚪A10ᑖÓ11Z⌕¶·?×gh⏘B—gh⏘Øℍ⃔gh⏘Ḅ3fÙrØÚÛḄ3f(ᱥ

11ÜÝ®Þßᢈáâ▾20-20äåâææçὃéê®ᓄâëéᔁB2ᔁÌᔁ©᪶î©ὃéF©100ᑖï⚪ð×ñ:¤±ÔÏᑖòᑖóᑖ▅ᔁõ᪶×ஹö÷⚪A0.5ᑖX601øùq9¿Kmb᧜d!ᦪfga஺2ûüᔠýþ=ᓄ⏘ᨵஹØhi.3ÿᔾ
Ḅᓄ⏘ᑖஹ«4ῃᵨᒹஹஹgkl஺5ᡠᵨḄ⏘!ᐸ#$ᓄ⏘Ḅ%,ᐸmᓄ)*Ḅ&ᵞ,%!#&ᓄ⏘Ḅ%!'()*Ḅ&᧖,ᨵ஺6⏘ᵨḄ/012ᨵஹஹஹ,ᐸᓰ56ᵨḄ12ᨵ஺7ᾦ8⏚Ḅᑖ*ᨵஹgkl஺8&Ḅᑖ*:;ᒹoi஺9<ᕡ%ᵫ?ῚḄஹஹAᔠpq!r^sᑮᱥvḄ<ᕡw%ᢣḄAᔠ஺10᪷DE⌼ᧇHḄIJ!KL⏀ᑖஹஹ஺11NOᑺᑖஹஹ஺12Q⃩S2!(TUVW(XḄᨵஹ13ⅅ&ᙠ⏘Ḅᵨ[)*14\]^_Ḅ`&ᨵஹag஺15y)z⏘{⋎}~ᐵḄ⏘%;ᾦ⏘)*ᾦ8Ḅᨬpᱥ%஺16ᱥVᾙḄ⁐5⌕ᩭ

12`ஹᑨ⚪
1ᑖXio1ឋ⏚ḄPl=7஺2◤⏚WI◤⌕3ᓄ1g&ᡠḄ(Xᓄ1gᾦ8ᡠḄ(X4⏘b!⏘!⏘bḄ¡¢£5¤¥w!ᨬ¦ᙠ¥£¦w§¨ᐭᕡª஺6«ᓄᑺᑖ¬®ᨵ¯°±!²ᨵ¯)±7³¥I᧕ᙠµrᩩ·[¸¹%1ºᦈ¼Ḅ³ᱏ¾ᯠᨵÀḄÁᔾᵨ஺8ᜧᦪ<ᕡᱥv%⃩Sᱥv9âÄᕡᑺ~ÅÄḄÆᱥ%ⅅ&!Ç¢15%Ḅⅅ&È$ᙠ20࠷ḄÄ110ⅅ&ஹÊË&«&Ì%&hஹᓫ⚗⌱Ð⚪1ᑖX101TPP%()AᯖÔ⏚ÕÖ2BÕÖ2×⏚×C᪶Ù2DÚ⏚Ú⏒ÖḄÜᔠᱥ2Ý°⏚%()Aᓝßàhá⏚Bᓝßà`á⏚C`ᓝ`àQá⏚D`ᓝàâá⏚3FADã#%()AÚ⏒Öäåæ`᪶ᵞ⏚BÚ⏒Öäåæ`᪶ᵞ⏚Ô⏚CÙ2ᓫ᪶ᵞ⏚DÙ2äåæ`᪶ᵞ⏚4&⏗*Ḅèéᱥv%()Aêë⏚Bì⏒/⏘ACℍ⃔&D&5Ùëᱥv⍗ðñ¬}()AÙ⁐Bò⁐Có⁐Dô⁐6[ᑡâÄᕡᱥv!ÄᨬᜧḄ%()Aö÷&⏣Bᵞ₝C&ªDÄû27úᜧᦪḄ⏘%()AüLvBýq2Cᾦ8D&8Äû2Ḅᖪ]ã%/0Aÿ

⏚B12⏒4ᵬ⏒67C⏣⏚Dᜩ9⏒4:⏚ᵬ;9ᾙᨵ⏚/0Aᾙ⏚⏗⏚Bᾙ⏀=⏗⏀=Cᾙ!Dᐸ?10"ᱥ$ᓄ&'᜜)*Ḅ,-./0Aᓄ@ABBᱥCDEḄFGDHIJKLஹ,N⚗⌱Q/1ᑖX101ᐵTUVBWᵯ.ḄYZ[\Ḅ/0AᙠWᵯ.ᜐUVBᑖ_ᡠabᵯ₹deBWᵯ.UVBfឋhiCᙠWᵯ.ᜐUVBḄjNឋklDWᵯ.ᜐUVBmឋn_2⏘pᵨḄrstᨵuvᐸᓰxypᵨḄtᨵz{ᑖ|/0A☠~ᦔBNᔣᦔCpᵨD⏚ᓄpᵨ

133ᑡ⁐tT"ᱥḄ()A☘tB☘tCᓄᔠᱥDt4ᾦl¡¢£ᾦ()A¤¥klB¤¥CỚ§¨ᓣDỚ§5ᐰ⏘ᒹ¬()A⏘UVBr⏘_C®ᓫ⏘D°"t6ᑡTᓫḄ()Aℍ⃔Bℍ³C´µD´µ¶7ᑡ⏘T·¸⏘Ḅ()Ai¹⏘BUV⏘Cῃ»⏘D¼⏘8"ᱥ$ᓄ½¾C02Ḅ¿ᡂJKᨵ()Al$ÁBῃÂÁCÃÄῃÅÁD$ᓄῃᡃÁ9Ç᤺ÉḄ·Êᙠᡂ˽¾()Ai¹ÌGᙠÍÎBi¹ÌGᙠkvCÏឋÌGkvDÏឋÌGÍÎ10ᾦÐḄÑÒᒹ¬()AᵞḄÑÒBᾦÐ⏚ḄÑÒC¼
pᵨDᐸ?ÔஹÕÖ¸×/2ᑖØ5
1"⁐
Ù2⁐B:3ᕡÜ:4ᓄpᵨ:5i¹Ḅὁᓄ:

14ஹ®Þ⚪/4ᑖX51dàá6⏚Ḅ$ᓄâ¥ãäTåᾦ⏚2UVBfឋḄNØæᐸçèt3®Zᾦé$ᓄ⏚êḄNØæᐸçèt4ᑏETCAìḄíÁK5⏘ᓄpᵨḄᱯ.àáïஹðZ⚪/10ᑖØ11Êñlò᝞ô■ö⏘÷⋎f

15ùúûüýþᢈ
▾20/20

ὃᓄ
ᔁA3ᔁ᪥ὃ01100ᑖ2⚪3456ᑖᑖ7ᑖ▅ᔁ8᪶ஹ!"1ᑖX30=30ᑖ#1ஹ$%&ᡂᑖᒹ)2ஹⅅ+,ᵫᑖ.Ḅ:ᑖ.Ḅ;ᔠ=ᡂḄ3ᾦ?Ḅ@ABᓄCDᑖEᑖF,4ஹGH⏚ᙠKLᐸNᵯPḄQ᛻$SᵯᵯTᙠULᐸNᵯPḄQ᛻$Sᵯ஺WXḄY◤GH⏚,«5ஹ\]^E_`Tᐸ$ᦔoᨬK஺\]^$ᨬqrḄs,6ஹ᪷bcᱥeᙠfᑁḄhijklᐸᑖm:_«ᐸᑖuvhiwᑮ

167ஹ☘zῊ|Ḅ☘᧡~,mḄ஺8ஹ⏦ᜧᑖ,ᵫeᡂTᡂ⏦Ḅeᑖ`T.ᑖ`ᡈὅ஺⏘Ḅᱯឋ:஺9ஹℍ⃔++⏗]ᡂT⏚%B]ᡂᡈὅ஺10ஹ]ᳮ
ḄTᨵஹஹஹ4s,H¡ᕡ£஺ஹᑨ¥⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ#1ஹ"#¦§Ḅᓫ+ᵫℍ⃔+ஹ©+:ⅅ+஺2ஹ"#ᡠᨵGH⏚«j¬L⏚:®¬¯$஺3ஹ"#\]^,fᏉ±:]²³´ᡠY◤ḄµUᑖ.ᨵ&ᓄᔠᱥT¶·¸¹&fḄºAT»¼½¾¿i஺4ஹ"#\]^B5_ÀVpp,¶ᒹ)ÁsᱥeT,ᢙÃÄÅ\]^஺5ஹ"#jkÆᵨÈÉᡈὅ³⏗ḄÊË◀Í₝⏚T½K\]^Ḅᑭᵨ᳛஺6ஹ"#fÑ0᧕ÑឋÓ⊈஺7ஹ"#Õ᝱Ḅ⏘ׯ᝱Ḅ⏘qr஺8ஹ"ØÙKஹ⏘ÚÛÜÝÙÞ஺9ஹ"#⏘ᨬ〉Øàᵨ01ḄáâTãᵨ01²Tᨬ〉ØU஺10ஹ"#äᕡᱥeᜧå,æ⃩èᱥe஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱ë⚪"1ᑖX10=10ᑖ#1ஹìᑡᾦ?⏚$TæY◤ᾦ?⏚,"#Aîï⏚Bîð⏚Cï⏚Dñ]⏚2ஹᾦ?⏚ḄòPóôõ²Ḅö÷="#AᓣKBùUCúûDûᓄúr3ஹᵨᵬýþrËÿ
⏚ḄᵬḄᵨA
⏚Ḅ
ឋB
⏚Ḅ
⏚ឋC
⏚Ḅ?COOH⏚ឋD
⏚Ḅ?COOHឋ4ஹᵨ
⏚ᡂḄ!"#$⌕A⏚!#B!#C&'()!#D⏘!#5ஹᡂḄ+ᓫ-AL-a-
⏚BD-a-
⏚CL-B-
⏚DL.D-a-
⏚6ஹ/012᪀4Ḅ56ᐗ1A8B╅C:DẬ7ஹ<=ஹ>0Ḅ?@ABCDᵨḄEFᨵᜧḄA⁰JBKL᧖CNᵞDL
⏚8ஹPᑡRS⏘ḄᢓᑴᑺANa2+BMg2+CCu2+DFe2+

179ஹPᑡRS⏘ḄWXᑺANa+BAg+CHg2+DCO10ஹᾙ✏[\ᕡᡂᑖA_ᵞB_ᵞ⏚C
⏚D`
⏚aஹB⚗⌱d⚪1ᑖX1O=1Oᑖ1ஹPᑡR)ᙠpH=5Ḅgh4ijᵯ₹mApl=4.5ḄBpl=7.4ḄCpl=3.5ḄDpl=7Ḅ2ஹPᑡno46pEoḄAq=oBrstoCuoDⅅo3ஹᾦgឋsK1AsK1ABsK1CCsK1EDsK1B4ஹ⏘Xឋ4xyz⚣᳛}~Ḅ
⏚A
⏚B
⏚C
⏚D
⏚5ஹuoᨵ()ᓫoᔠᡂḄAoBuoCᩈoDℍ⃔o6ஹᙠPᑡSP᧕ὁᓄA3060%B24࠷C⏚D7ஹᵫPᑡSᱥᡂAEB⏚C⏚D~8ஹᾦᵫPᑡSᱥῃ2ᔠᡂAᾦ⏚BᔠᵞCᓫᵞDᵞ9ஹPᑡ"#ᾦḄᑴ"#A¡¢#B£¤ᑖ¥#C¦y#D§¨#10ஹ©ᱥ_ᾙḄ$⌕⁐1A⊈¬B_¬C_gD_®ஹ¯°!±2ᑖ²5=10ᑖ1ஹᑖX

182ஹᾦḄuᓄ3ஹ⏚³4ஹ⏘5ஹ´ᓄ⏘µஹ¶·⚪4ᑖX5=20ᑖ1ஹ¸ᵫ[2ᔠḄᱯº2ஹ¶'ᾦ»¨Ḅ¼½3ஹ¶'¾¿[ᢓᑴ┛ᔾᦈḄF14ஹ⏘ᨬ〉[ÅÇ5ஹÈᡃÊËḄKᱥ̲ÍஹÎ'⚪10ᑖXl=10ᑖ1ஹ⏘¾⋎>£ᳮ[⏘¾⋎>ḄÑᑴÒÓ

19ÔÕDÖ×ØᢈÚ▾20/20ÜÝââãὃàÞDÖᓄßàᔁA4yᔁå:᪥ëåὃàì:100ᑖí⚪çtÈa®µÍîïᑖèᑖðᑖå▅ᔁå᪶åòó1ᑖX30=30ᑖ1ஹôᓄᔠᱥᵫஹ+,ᐗ./ᡂ஺2ஹ_ᾙõᢝᑖḄEF஺????????3ஹuᓄ4÷ḄhøùþÿḄ
0஺4ஹsK1᪷ûᐸg!ឋᑖù1,஺2&3⌕☠6ᱥ஺5ஹḄᳮ;89ឋᢓᑴḄᱯ<*=ᱥ0>?Ḅ@*:oC89ឋᢓᑴḄ.6ஹ!:V⊤$Vmax⊤$:AKm⊤$;B⊤$7ஹ%ᱥ&ᑁCO2Ḅ%ᡂ)*8ஹᙠE᜜ᡈHᐝJ
200K800nmᐹᨵᔾᦈPḄQRST
?⊈X.!ḄeVfgh%gᓄ_jk,%ᡂUV⊈X.ḄYᵨST
஺9ஹᾙ!ᩭᜐ^_᝱ḄaXbc⊈Xbcᕈ⁐?nᡂgᔠaXbcgᔠ⊈Xbcoᕈ⁐?nᡂUV⊈X.oᕈ⁐஺!pᓄ⏘r⋎tḄ⏘ᨵஹஹv஺10ஹwᑏyzᵨḄ2,■ῖᑺ:ᑨ⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ)ᑖ*ᢣᱥ᪵!Ḅ஺2ஹ()ᡠᨵᓫᙳᐹᨵᐝឋ஺3ஹ()Ḃᓄ*ᢣḂᓄ1gᾦ!ᵞᡠ◤⌕ḄKOHḄᦪ.4ஹ()bctឋ⏒¢£?¤⏒¢£¥bc¦§tឋ஺)¨©ª%.D«¬®¯?°᧼²□´µ¶·Ḅ¸*¸
2&ᑁ¹ᨵª%.D஺6ஹ()Vᙠ!Ḅᙠn)ᨵ1,UVº»⊈X.V஺)⏘¼fjk½ᡂ¾¿ᐵÁ஺8ஹ())j᧜ESÃÄḄᜧÆ.KmÇᜧ?⏘f=ᱥḄÃÄÇᜧ஺9ஹ()⏘⌕ÈU?É%⌕ÈU?ᩭÊ⌕ÈU஺10ஹ(ËḄÌÍÎÏᕡÑÒÓ?Ë☠ÔḄ1ÕÎ⏚ᕡÑÒÓ஺ᓫ⚗⌱Ù⚪Ú1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹÛÜݦbc᪵ḄÞ¹ß
1?à᪵á¹bc°âãÚA2.00gB2.50gC3.00gD6.25g2ஹbcᑖ»!Ḅ3⌕ᓄä£*Ú)Aå£Bæç£Cè£Dé£3ஹ/ᡂbcḄêQ⏚ᨵÚA10,B15,

20C20,D25,µð4ஹòᑡôõᢣ᪗*ᑨᾦḄ⛳Ḅ*ÚA⏚ùBỚCDḂᓄ5ஹᾦᙠüýo᧕¬ÿ
ᑈ
ᨵᕡᾦᨵᑡᱥḄAᵞBᾦ⏚C!ᾦD#ᾦ6ஹ&'()*ᨵᐵ
,-.᧕0123Ḅᾦ4ឋ678A678AB678B1C678DD678K7ஹ<=>'(,-ᑡᐗ8@AḄABBCCDDẬ8ஹGHஹIJḄKLMNOPᵨRᙠAT⁰᧖BWX⏘ᢓᑴᑺC]^⏘ᢓᑴᑺD_ᵞ9ஹab⏚cd&PᱥḄef7ᡂhiᱥAabeBjklCb⏚cDab⏚10ஹ᜜ᑗ⏘
pqrsa-1,4#᧖xya1,6#zxḄ⏘Aa-]^⏘BB-]^⏘Cℍ⃔#]^⏘D}]^⏘~ஹN⚗⌱⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹ7ᳮḄ
ᨵ4ᕡJ8᪀Ḅᐗ8⊈8Ḅᐗ8;ℍ⃔#⏗sᱥ
Ḅᱥᡈ,ᨵḄᱥoA¢B£C¤D¥E§F⏚GªH¬DI╅JCO2KH2OL´⏣Mk·⏚N¹⏚஺»D¼ஹ½¾s¿2ᑖX5=10ᑖ1ஹ#᧖2ஹIឋ]^3ஹWXIឋÂᵨ4ஹ⏘Ã⋎I

215ஹPÅÆÇᑺÈஹÉÊ⚪4ᑖË5=20ᑖ1ஹÉÌÍÎ]^ஹÏÎ]^y#ᐗḄ᪀2ஹEMP-TCAḄÐÑÒ3ஹa_⏚cḄÓXÂᵨÔᳮᨵ4ஹÕÌPÅ✏×ØᡂḄ⌶Ú5ஹÛᑡÜ~]^⏘ḄÂᵨᱯÞßஹàÌ⚪10ᑖXl.=10ᑖÕàÌᙠJ⁐âãäᜮ7æJḄçèéÔᳮ஺

22êëPÅìíᢈï▾20/20ñòóóôὃÕöPÅᓄøÕᔁB3Üᔁ'᪥û':ὃÕýþ100ᑖÿ⚪
ᑖᑖᑖ▅ᔁ᪶ஹ1ᑖX30=30ᑖ1ஹᑖḄᙠ!"#<2ஹ%ᓄ'ᵫ#)ᡂ஺3ஹ,-"ᵫ./ឋḄ#1/ឋḄ)ᡂ஺Oᵨ,-⍗Ớ5⁐ḄQRᩭTU82#V2,-WV2,-⍗Ớ5⁐782,-⍗Ớ5⁐W'ᐗ⍗Ớ5⁐஺4ஹ9ᯠ;ᑖ<ᨬ>ஹ?@ᨬAḄBA'"஺YZ[CD"#ḄCD஺5ஹEF⏚#ₔICDJᡂ⁐ᓄᔠᱥ7M#Jᡂ\⁐ᓄᔠᱥ7]^CDᵨ_EF⏚ḄN⁐஺6ஹ`abᙠcᵯefᨬg7⚩ij᩽᧕mnopqrst,᪆v7w"cᵯet,ḄFxyᳮ஺7ஹ{ᝣ}Ớ~J᧕7ᡂ}Ớ᧕"}Ḅ஺8ஹḄyᳮ:஺⏦Ḅ⏘#FḄTU"`abᑖᔠḄᱞ1s஺ᔠḄ"ᔠ¡Ḅ"஺¢£ᓄ¤⏘¥E.C.1.11.1.6,ᐸE.C.§⊤9ஹℍ⃔'«'⏗Jᡂ7®I⏚ᨵ£§°Jᡂ7«

23±Jᡂ#஺10ஹ²!QḄ³´¥µCD¶·ᑮᨬᜧCD¶ºf஺ᦑKmḄᓫ½"ஹᑨ¿⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹᑖ?@ᢣḄ"9ᵫ#ᔠḄ@஺2ஹÁᾦÃĤᓄÅÆÇ⌕ᐜÃÄÊË஺3ஹÌÍÎÏÐᨬÑḄÒJÐAy஺4ஹÒJÐDஹÓ'ஹ`abÔ.ÕÖÃ┛Ḅᔾᦈ஺5ஹÚÛÜ"⏚ឋ஺6ஹÝÞஹ⏘ÖCD¶Ý᠒7ஹ⏘ᨬ〉áᵨfjḄâã7äᵨfjå7ᨬ〉Þ஺8ஹæECD⋎5è_⏘Ö⋎5஺9ஹpH"⏘Ḅéᱯëឋìᦪஹ1"îᦪ஺10ஹ⏘ïCD¶ᡂðNñᐵó஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱ö⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹ÷ᑡᾦù⏚7ú◤ᾦù⏚"¥AüÁ⏚Bý᫂⏚CÁ⏚D₝⏚2ஹᾦ⏚ḄḄAᓣBCDᓄ3ஹᑡ!"#Ḅ$%A&'B()*C+Dⅅ4ஹ-./0123᪵5Ḅ67890.40:;<᪵5=7123>?:@A2.00gB2.50gC3.00gD6.25g5ஹ123ᑖBḄC⌕ᓄEF$%AGFBHFC*IFDJF6ஹH᪆LMN123Ḅ#ᳮ$%APᵯ₹ஹẚTUᓄVBW123Xᔠᡂ[ឋ12HC]⁚123[_Ḅ`ᵯDa123[_ᡂ9pl7ஹU[ឋ)bc%ABd)bcB)bcAC)bcDD)bcK8ஹefcX᪀Ḅhᐗc$%AjB╅ClDẬ9ஹ$0nᑁᑗ⏘;rNsᑖBᑁtuUva-1,4ᵞF;xyUva-1,6zFḄ$Aa-Ns⏘BP-Ns⏘Cℍ⃔Ns⏘D~Ns⏘10ஹᔠ⊈cḄhᐗc$%AFe2+BFe3+CMgDK

24ஹ⚗⌱⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹᑡn123ᙠpH=4.5Ḅ[_ᵯ₹@Apl=3Ḅ123Bpl=7.4Ḅ123Cpl=3.5Ḅ123Dpl=7Ḅ1232ஹᑡ!"#Ḅ$%A&'BC+Dⅅ3ஹᾦ[ឋ)bc$%A)bcKB)bcCC)bcED)bcB124ஹḄᓫᨵ%AⅅB+CDℍ⃔5ஹⅅ$ᵫnᓫᔠᡂḄAB+CᩈDℍ⃔6ஹᑡncya123ឋḄ$%A◫₩B®⏚®¯ஹᨵu[ᑺChHDH᪆7ஹឋ123ḄC⌕ᱯ$%A[vBbᱥE²ឋ³ᜫC¡MNDµ᧕·H᪆8ஹ⏚ឋ¢5%A£¤B¸¤C¥¤D1¤9ஹB-ᓄḄᔊ§Ḅ$%AᓄB"#CᡂDIv10ஹ$¨◤ª«⏚Ḅ%A¬ª⏚B1ª⏚Cª⏚D¹ª⏚ºஹ»¼v½2ᑖX5=10ᑖ1ஹ¾ᵫUPXᔠU2ஹ¿ᾦḄJᓄஹỚÁ3ஹ⏘Ḅ²ឋÂ

254ஹ⏗v5ஹᾦ⏚B-ᓄºஹÄÅ⚪4ᑖX5=20ᑖ1ஹÄÆ⌼ᡂ)bcÈᜫḄÉÊL2ஹËᱥ3ḄᭆÍWᑖ¤3ஹÎ⏘²ឋᨵÏÐḄcᨵÑ4ஹᨬ〉pHPÔḄpHÖ5ஹ■ØefcÈᜫḄÙfÊLÚஹÛÆ⚪10ᑖXl=10ᑖ1ஹ!⏘⋎ḄÝᑴuᳮPÝᑴßà

26ᬢ5âãᢈåE▾20/20EçèEééêὃìí¢5ᓄEîìᔁB4ᔁð%᪥Îð%ὃìòó%100ᑖô⚪õ0*öºÚ÷øùᑖ.ᑖúᑖð▅ᔁðü᪶ðºஹþÿ1ᑖX30=30ᑖ1ஹᑖḄᙠ,ABᑖCDḄEF஺2ஹᡂḄᐗஹஹஹஹ஺3ஹᓄ᝱Ḅ,H/ᓄIḄḄ0ᳮ9;R(S⏘TR(ḄSU/ᡂV9ᾦ⏦TᾦXQᑮV«8ஹᨵ\]Ḅᔾᦈ`aᙠb᜜defghH⁐ejklmnH⁐]opIegq᦮sᑖ8tᐝḄᔾᦈᔣw`Eᔣxyez{]

279ஹ⊈}Ḅ~nᑖ8Uᔠe~08fᓄez4ᵨ10ஹḄᨵᡂᑖ⌕ᩭᨵஹஹஹᑨ⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹᔠfh/ᱥᑭᵨefhᑺ஺2ஹ
⍗Ớᐲ⁐eᐗ⍗Ớb⁐஺3ஹᑴyᱥ#ᨬ¡ḄEF¢£F4ஹ#ᾦῃ¤ḄEF¥¢¦§F5ஹ./C¨©ᢙ«⊈⏚e¬MNIO᧕Q«⊈®஺6ஹ┛f᧕ᔾᦈe70°80%±²³᣸2஺ᡠ⌕⊡┛஺7ஹ·ᱥ¸Jt⏘¹º»¼JḄ½¾ᕈÀÁᐵÃ஺8ஹÄEź᧜EVSÇVÈḄᜧÊ஺KmËᜧe⏦n·ᱥḄÇVÈËÊ஺9ஹ⏘ÌÍÎÏÐÑmÒÓ⃩Õᱥ஺10ஹ
ÖᕡᱥᜧØÙ⃩ÕᱥÚஹᓫ⚗⌱Þ⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹᡂḄß⏚ᨵA184B164C204D254à2ஹ#ᾦῃ⏚áᵨḄEF9Aᔾ▬BVCãD¦ä3ஹn¬åæᨵᐵeMNO᧕QåçèḄᾦឋ./9A./AB./B1C./DD./K4ஹ«⊈®é¬MNêᑡì4./íîḄA./AB./CC./DD./K5ஹïðḄñ◤ᾦX⏚9Aß⏚B÷ß⏚Cß⏚Døß⏚6ஹ¬ᑁôCõöᐗḄ./9A./AB./B11C./B2D./B127ஹMNlíîùúûḄüᱥ9AẬBÿCþD┛8ஹ⌕ᑴᙠ☢ᵨ᧕ᵨA120࠷B130࠷C125࠷D150࠷9ஹ5ᕡ'Ḅ6ᳮ8ᑖ:ᕡ';ᑖ<=:☢ᒹAᙠᑁCA⏚BDC?DE10ஹᜮ"#$%"ᕡ'Ḅ)*ឋ,᪵,./012%34)*

28AFᕡBDᕡC⏚ᕡD?ᕡ=ஹG⚗⌱J⚪1ᑖxio=ioᑖ1ஹ⏥M⋎OḄPᜧᩩSCTUVWXYZ0[6ḄXYTᢓᑴᡈẚ_`Ḅᔜb[⁐deᐸg⁐ᡈhi⁐O஺kᵬ⏚mino⏚mipqmi஺ArstTB⏦TCvwTDxyzTE{ᱥTF}sᑺTGᑺTH[⁐ᑺTIGᑺTJ■ῖᑺஹ2ᑖX5=10ᑖ1ஹḂᓄ2ஹq0q3ஹ■ῖᑺ0ᩔᑺ4ஹUVWXY5ஹᑺஹ⚪4ᑖX5=20ᑖ1ஹᾦḄ2ஹᱥtḄᭆᑖ:3ஹEMP⌶ḄXY¡4ஹ¢£⏚Ḅ¤¥

295ஹ¦ᕡḄ§¨ᵨ©ஹª⚪10ᑖXl=10ᑖ1ஹª⋎OḄ«ᳮ஺

30¬®ᢈ°±▾20/20±³´±µὃ¦·ᓄ±¸¦ᔁA5ºᔁ»C᪥%»Cὃ¦½¾C100ᑖ¿⚪À
©ᑖÁᑖÂᑖ»▅ᔁ»Ä᪶»,ஹÆÇ1'X40=40'1ஹÈᡂᑖ⏘⏘rsËÌᓄTÍÎ⏘ËÏ⌴.2ஹNADH+H+Ò,ÓᑡÏ⌴ÕÖ,%×ØÙv6ᡂᑖÚH2OÛᑖÚATP஺3ஹ6ᱥvᓄ`ÜvᓄÝḄ6ᡂ¡ᨵC஺4ஹßàḄáâã᪀ᓫ$Z஺5ஹᾦæᙠᾦæ⏘Ḅᵨç<0஺6ஹ¢Ü⏚ᢓᑴᴁé⏚ῃ×⏘Ḅëឋmᢓᑴ;ᵨᩭ◀஺7ஹîᱥïðñzòḄᨬôõᱥ<,÷ᾙḄPHòqùrst[6⏚ឋç6ᡂûüᑖÚATPᙠATP⏘ḄᵨýOᡂᐹᨵÿᕡḄ,ᾙḄᡂú஺8ஹᓄᙠḄᵨ!ᢙᓄᑺḄ$%&ᓄ'ᵨ()ᑮᨬ)▲-ᵨḄᢙᓄᑺ./0Ḅᨵஹ஺9ஹᵨ'345678ᑺḄᨵ஺10ஹ9ᱥḄ;ᾙ<=ᡂ;?@AB⁐D<=ᡂᕈ⋎⁐஺ᙠᾙ!6GHᢝᱯᨵḄᾙ?⁐ᵨKLᑺMNOᑴ஺11ஹQ⏘⋎ḄS⌕UᨵஹஹV஺4WᨬX᧕ḄZ12ஹ[ῥᕡḄS⌕ᡂᑖZ.^ឋᱥᙠ`[aᵨ!ᩭc◀ῥᕡ஺13ஹᜧfghᨵiᱥ~ẚ஺14ஹjf☘lmnᨵiᱥ,!ẚ஺15ஹ34opq᤺stuᑁḄᨵwᱥᔣᑖஹᔠᡂ$ᔣᓄ஺16ஹyḄᮞᑖᢣḄZ⃩}0Ḅ஺17ஹ◭Ḅஹ᳝ᨵi0!Bẚ஺18ஹᨵiᐗ0ᢣḄZh஺19ஹᱥᐗ0ᙠᱥᑁD0.01%஺20ஹẬḄỚᜧ஺ஹ⌱⚪10'Xl=101ஹ¡¢£◀¤¥ឋᢓᑴ'ᵨ~⌱A§!¨ᱥ©-B¡¨ᱥ©-2ஹᯏ«⋎ḄZoA⏘¬⋎BQ⏘⋎3ஹ®¯0஺A°⁐0B±²⁐0

314ஹ³´!6Bµ~¶ᙠ!6ᵨᩭ·⁚3ḄPH¹஺ANa2CO3Bº»⏚CCuS045ஹB®¯0~
oAVD3BVCCVA6ஹ?⁐½¾Ḅᑖ¿ÀÁ⁐½¾Ḅᑖ¿஺AᜧBÂCÃÄ7ஹ=ᑡᱥÆ~Ç'§ÈᑺÉᨵ⃩}ʹḄᱥZ஺AËÌBCMCCÍᾦD4Ì8ஹÏÐஹÑ/0ÃÒḄZAÓÔÕ᪀ᓫnBᓄØÙCᐗ0Úᡂ9ஹÛ◤ᾦÝ⏚.஺A⛳¢ᾦÝ⏚BB⛳¢ᾦÝ⏚CßÓ⏚10ஹ9ᱥᾦÝKàᙠᨵ.ᙠâ᜜ä'ᵨ=~ᡂVD3஺AᵞæVçBèé⏣C⛳¢ᾦÝ⏚Vஹᑨì⚪10'X1=1O,
1ஹ◀cÕᔠ3Ḅíᦋ஺2ஹᵨᢙᓄᑺÔïBðᓄ஺3ஹÁñZÁᓄKZᨵᓄℍ⃔ô(ᡂõö⏚ḄEMP⌶øùZÃÒḄùZB◤⌕Ḅ(஺4ஹ¶ö⁐0ᙠ^ឋᩩû=ü¶⁐ᙠ⏚ឋᩩû=ý⁐£ᜫ஺5ஹ4oq᤺9ᱥÿᩔ
ᓽ஺6ஹᙠஹ⏘⋎஺7ஹᑁᱥ#ᓄᜐ&ᨬ()*᝱ᢓᑴ.ᱥ■01ῖ34⌱ᵨ78Ḅ:;<78Ḅ=>>?஺8ஹ@A◤CD⏚FGH◤⌕஺9ஹJKஹLMN◤OPQᦔᜧTUHVWXGYO஺10ஹY⏘ᜫ[ឋ஺]ஹ^ᡂᓄ`:ab஺5'X2=10'
1ஹᑏd⏀f⏗hᑭᵨℍ⃔lmn⏀f⏗Ḅopqb஺2ஹᑏdr⏚sᑭᵨℍ⃔lmnr⏚⏗opqb஺tஹuvwx3‘X4=12'
1ஹᱥyᓄ,{ᱥyᓄḄ:b஺2ஹ⏚ឋ|ᱥஹ}ឋ|ᱥ~஺3ஹ⏘Ḅឋᨬ〉=ᨬ〉pH஺4ஹ⏘ឋ{⏘ឋḄᱥᳮᓄ`Kᨵ?

32ஹ⚪w(5+5+4+4=18)1ஹ|ᡂᑖḄ⌶ᨵ?2ஹ⏘ᓄᑺḄ஺3ஹa—¡¢⏦B-¡¢⏦ℍ⃔l¡¢⏘Ḅ¥ᵨᱯ{ᱥ஺4ஹ§ᾦ©ᓄ?

33ª«|¬ᢈ¯`▾20-20`±²`³³´ὃ¶|ᓄ`·ᔁA6dᔁF¹᪥»F¹ὃÄŹ100ᑖÆ⚪¼½¾]tÇoᑖ¿ᑖÈᑖF▅ᔁFÉ᪶FஹÁÂ(1'X40=40')1ஹ⏘ᑖÃஹ2ஹFADH2ËÌᑡÎ⌴GлÑÒWyᡂᑖÓH2O{ᑖÓATP»3ஹATPḄᡂ:bᨵ:4ஹImolℍ⃔lÕÖyᓄᡂḄmolḄATP஺5ஹIm஺ᓝØÙ⛳ᾦÛ⏚ÕÖyᓄᡂmolḄATPo6ஹܽ⏚ᢓᑴᴁÞ⏚ῃÑ⏘Ḅឋàᢓᑴᵨᩭw◀஺7ஹᱥãä
låwḄᨬæᱥÃçᾙḄPHéåêë*ìí#⏚ឋ(wᡂîPᑖÓATPᙠATP⏘Ḅ¥ᵨïᡂᐹᨵñòᕡḄ,ôõaöÃᾙḄᡂ÷஺8ஹ|yᓄø#4ᙠùüýḄ|ôþ|ÿᵨᢙᓄᑺḄᓄᵨᑮᨬ▲=4ᵨḄᢙyᓄᑺàJKḄᨵ9ஹᵨᑺḄᨵ10ஹᱥḄᾙᡂ!"#$%⁐'ᡂᕈ⋎⁐஺ᙠᾙ,-./012ᢝᱯᨵḄᾙ⁐ᵨ56ᑺ789ᑴ஺11ஹ;⏦⋎%Ḅ=⌕,?ᨵஹஹA,஺B/ᨬD᧕FḄG12ஹHῥᕡḄ=⌕ᡂᑖGLMឋᱥ#ᙠOHPᵨᩭR◀ῥᕡ஺13ஹᜧUVWᨵXᱥ#0|}~ẚZ஺14ஹ[UF☘F]^_`ᨵXᱥ#a0,ẚZ஺15ஹbcd᤺fghᑁḄᨵjᱥᔣ(ᑖஹᔠᡂ)ᔣᓄ஺16ஹl-/ḄᮞᑖᢣḄG⃩pq/Ḅ,•17ஹ◭%Ḅsஹ᳝u`ᨵXq,$ẚZ஺wஹ⌱y⚪(10'Xl=10')1ஹ◀ឋᢓᑴᵨ|⌱y()

34AᱥBᱥ2ஹᯏ,-.F⋎%ḄG஺A⏘⋎%B;⏘⋎%3ஹ⊈qL஺A,⁐qB,⁐q4ஹ$|%ᙠ~¡/ᵨᩭ¢⁚ḄPH¤஺ANa2c03B¥¦⏚CCuS045ஹP¨©ªq|%0
»AVD3BVCCVA6ஹUᑴ.=⌕«¬⃩pq஺A®,B¯j°,C!"#DVD7ஹu☢«¬ᨬḄG஺Aᾦ³B®,C!"#D¯j°8ஹ´µஹ¶·qஹᾦ³¸¹ḄGAº»¼᪀ᓫ_Bᓄ¿ÀCᐗqÂᡂ9ஹÃ◤ᾦ³⏚LÅ஺A⛳ᾦ³⏚B$⛳ᾦ³⏚CǺ⏚10ஹᱥᾦ³/5ÈᙠᨵᙠÉ᜜Ëᵨ|%ᡂVD3஺AᵞÍAÎBÏÐ⏣C⛳ᾦ³⏚ஹᑨÓ⚪10'Xl=io'
1ஹÔᕡ⏚Ḅ-.ᓽ0⏚ឋ-.஺2ஹ-ᵨᢙᓄᑺ»Ö$×ᓄ஺3ஹ¯ØG¯ᓄ5Gᨵᓄℍ⃔®ᡂÛÜ⏚ḄEMP⌶ÞßG¸¹ḄßG$◤⌕Ḅ~¡஺4ஹÜ,⁐qᙠMឋᩩáâ⁐ᙠ⏚ឋᩩáã⁐ᜫ஺5ஹbd᤺ᱥåᩔfçèéᓽêëì஺6ஹᙠ'ஹß|íF⏘⋎%஺7ஹ|ghᑁᱥ#%ᓄᜐÅᨬïð᝱ᢓᑴòᱥé■ìbῖõ⌱ᵨö÷Ḅøö÷Ḅùùú஺8ஹ®ᾦ³ᙠᱥᑁ|í¸ûᓄ஺9ஹ·qஹ¯j°◤üýþᦔᜧ
஺10ஹ⏘ᜫឋ஺ஹᡂᓄ!஺5'"2=10'
1ஹᑏ$⏀&⏗(
ᑭᵨℍ⃔-./⏀&0⏗Ḅ234!஺2ஹᑏ$5⏚7ᑭᵨℍ⃔-./5⏚0⏗234!஺8ஹ9:;<3'X4=12'
1ஹ=ᱥ?ᓄ,A=ᱥ?ᓄḄ!஺2ஹᢙ?ᓄᑺ
DᵨḄᢙ?ᓄᑺᨵFG?

353ஹ⏘ḄឋIJ
ᨬ〉M
ᨬ〉pH஺4ஹ⏘NឋA⏘NឋḄᱥᳮᓄPQᨵFGRSஹT⚪;V(5+5+4+4=18)1ஹWXIYZᡂᑖ\=Ḅ⌶^ᨵFG?2ஹ_`ab⏘c34dMḄSᜧPQ஺3ஹe`a—gh⏦
B—gh⏘
ℍ⃔-gh⏦ḄjᵨᱯlA\ᱥ஺4ஹmᾦo0=FGNᓄ?

36pqWXrsᢈu▾20~20wxyyzὃe|WXᓄ}eᔁB5$ᔁ᪥:ὃe100ᑖ⚪8S2ᑖᑖᑖ▅ᔁ᪶ஹ
0.5'X20=1001ஹ⃩ᑖQ2ஹQḄIJ,ᙠ⏚ឋᩩ=ᡂ,ᕈ⁐஺3ஹ¡¢£¤Ḅᾦ¥⏚
⛳§Ḅᰚlᡈ⛳§஺4ஹDᵨḄ⏚ᕡᑺᨵ
O5ஹDᵨḄªᕡᑺᨵ
O6ஹDᵨḄ■ῖᑺᨵ
O7ஹ◭NḄ®=ஹ᳝°ᨵ±ᱥ²,ÀÅẚÇ஺8ஹ³WḄᮞᑖ⃩QḄFµRO9ஹᨵ±ḄᐗQD·ḄᨵÈ஺ஹ⌱¹1'X30=30'1ஹᯏ»µWX0=⋎NA⏘c⋎NB½⏘⋎N2ஹ¾¿ÀÁÂoNÃ
ᙠÀÁIDᵨÉᩭËÌ
⁐ÍÎᙠÀÏḄÐÉIËÌÑᢝᐸª⁐,ᙠᾙWXÀÁI
ÕÑᢝᾙᱯᨵḄªÖ××ᵨØÙ¢ᑺÚᑴ
ÀÅÜ=ᡂÝÞß⊈⁐¢ªÖ⁐஺ACuSO4BNaNO2CNa2CO3DNaCIEä⏚3ஹáâmIãᨵ±ᱥ²
ᵨÀஹÀÉஹ&åஹæçè◀஺AáâêBëê?ᓄ⏘CNaOHDNa2CO34ஹᜧìᑴXí⌕⃩Q
°☢ðëḄ
-í⌕ñḄ
ÍÎÉòí⌕Ḅ§஺Aᾦ¥B-µCóô²Dõö÷Eø=QCF5ஹùúḄûᙠüÉòIḄø=Q஺AVDBVACVBDVC6ஹýᡂᑖ⏘ஹ⏘óôþjᵨ
ÿ⏘

37A᜿ᔠᵨBᓄឋC⌴ஹᵯᓄᵨ7ஹ⏘Ḅឋᵫᔠᓄ᪀ᡂ"#$ᙠ&'()᪀*Aᜐ,-./0B12ᜐ,-./0"34-5678ஹ8ᱥᾦ;<=ᙠᨵ"ᙠm᜜oᵨp3qrᡂVD3஺Aᵞ@ABBឋCᱥCtu⏣9ஹDஹᾙஹFஹ&ஹGHIJឋCᱥ"w^xyz{|}JឋCᱥ஺AKឋCᱥBឋCᱥC⏚ឋCᱥ10ஹLMNOὅ"NQRS3Cᵨᩭ⚜■஺AVB1BVB2CVCDGE8ᱥឋCᱥ11ஹT☘TVḄWXYZᨵ[ᱥ("◀஺A⁰✌B^⊈ᳫabcC13D312ஹᜧeZᨵ[ᱥ("◀஺Aᜧe&'B^⊈ᳫabcC&'⏘ᢓᑴᑺD3E1313ஹ8ᱥfᩔh"ijklᱥᾙḄPHpj஺A⏚Bᵞ⏚C⏚14ஹCᓄr("TᙠZḄC"#IC,ᵨᢙᓄᑺḄᓄᵨjᑮᨬ▲£"ᵨᢙᓄᑺ"¤Q¥cḄQ஺A¥cBlB¥cCC¥cED@ᾦE¦Iᱥ(15ஹᵨz{§¨ᑺḄᨵ஺ACuSO4B©ªᑭCNa2CO3D¬⏚Aஹᑨ¯⚪±1'X10=10

1ஹ&'(rឋ"&'(Ḅ)᪀²³Trᓄ஺±´2ஹµ☘cḄ¶⁐¸PHḄᦋrᦋr஺±´3ஹº»ஹ»¼4⏘ᜫ¾ឋ஺±´4ஹ@ᾦḄ¿ᓄ"ᰚÁᓣº"⃩ÄÅj஺±´5ஹÆᾦJiIᱥ(஺±´6ஹᱥᓄᙠQᙠ⏘ᓄpÇÈḄ"ÉÊᩩÌÍÎÏ»஺±´7ஹÐᕡᱥ(CᵨÒ¼4§TÓ஺±´8ஹ1ÔḄ⏘ᨬ〉PHQ1ÔḄ஺±´9ஹÖᱥ×£ᜧ"ØÙÉÊÚ£Û஺±´10ஹiᾦ;ᙠᱥÜᑁ13Þᔣqᓄ஺±´àஹᵨᓄ␺âpᑡᔜåᓄᔠᱥ±3'X2=6'
1ஹ⛳ᾦ;⏚1⛳ᾦ;⏚2ஹçèéᵬë¥cìஹíᡂpᑡÉÊî±2'X4=8'
1ஹ2ஹ

383ஹ4ஹïஹðñkò(4'X4=16')1ஹᱥᓄஹᱥᓄḄᱯÁ஺2ஹCõᵫzஹᔠzᔜᨵö÷ᱯÁ஺3ஹ■ῖᑺ"ᵨḄ■ῖᑺ¼ᨵù$ú4ஹ&'(ûឋküஹyᵯÁஹ&'(rឋ஺ýஹþ⚪kÿ(4'X5=20')1ஹ⏘ᱥᓄᑺᨵᱯ⏘ᓄᵨḄ2ஹᱥᩔᑁḄᡂ!஺3ஹ⏘#⋎%ᨵ&'⌕)᧕+⏘#⋎%Ḅ,ᱥᨵ&-᝞■0⏘#⋎%?4ஹ,2345ᡂᑖ7Ḅ⌶9ᨵ&-?:;,2<=ᢈ?@▾20-20@BCD@EEFὃHI,2ᓄ@JHᔁB6LᔁMN᪥QMNὃHRSN100ᑖT⚪VDW'XYZ[\ᑖ]ᑖ^ᑖM▅ᔁM`᪶M

39Dஹbcd0.5'X20=1001ஹef⏘#ghijḄZᜧl)2ஹmnoMpᵨᕡᑺ஺3ஹqroMpᵨᕡᑺ஺4ஹsᵨḄ⏚ᕡᑺᨵ5ஹsᵨḄvᕡᑺᨵ6ஹsᵨḄ■ῖᑺᨵ7ஹ◭%Ḅyஹ᳝{ᨵ|ᱥ,ẚ஺8ஹ},Ḅᮞᑖ⃩)Ḅ&DWஹ⌱bcN
1X30=301ஹᯏ,2+⋎%A⏘#⋎%B⏘⋎%2ஹ%ᙠ3sᵨᩭ⁐ᙠḄ3p¡ᢝᐸv⁐,ᙠᾙ,23¥¡ᢝᾙᱯᨵḄv¦§§ᵨ¨©ªᑺ«ᑴᡂ®¯⊈⁐ªv¦⁐஺ACuSO4BNaNO2CNa2CO3DNaCIE±⏚3ஹ²³´3µᨵ|ᱥ,pᵨஹஹ¶·ஹ¸¹º◀¼஺A²³½B¾½¿ᓄ⏘CNaOHDNa2CO34ஹᜧÀᑴ2Á⌕ÂÃMÄ⃩){☢ÂÃMÄƾḄmÁ⌕ÂÃMÇÄḄ,ÈÁ⌕ÂÃMÄḄAᾦÊBmCËÌDÍÎÏEÐ)CFÑ5ஹÒÓḄÔᙠÕÖ×ØÙÚ3ḄÛpÜ%ᡂVAḄᱥAÝÞ⏣BÚ)CÖ×Ø)DÚ)6ஹàᡂᑖ⏘ஹ⏘ËÌáᵨâ⏘á஺Aãä᜿ᔠᵨBᓄçDឋCé⌴ªëஹᵯëÙᓄ@¯lᵨ7ஹ⏘Ḅíឋ3îᵫðᔠ¯ñòᓄ¯ñ᪀ᡂô-¯ñᙠËÌDõð᪀öAᜐÕøùúûBDüᜐÕøùúûpÑøýþÿ8ஹ
ᱥᾦᙠᨵᙠ$᜜&'ᵨ)*+,ᡂVD3஺AᵞBឋᱥC/019ஹஹᾙஹஹஹឋᱥ23456789ឋᱥ஺AឋᱥBឋᱥC⏚ឋᱥ10ஹὅ!"#,*Eᵨᩭ⚜■஺AVB1BVB2CVCDIE
ᱥឋᱥ11ஹ:☘:<Ḅ>?@AᨵBᱥJKLM◀஺A⁰PB3⊈ᳫSTUCq*rD*r12ஹᜧWAᨵBᱥJX,strM◀஺AᜧWYB3⊈ᳫSTUCuY⏘ᢓᑴᑺD*rEq*r13ஹ
ᱥZᩔ\]^_`ᱥ,yᾙḄPHz)^஺Aab⏚Bcᵞ⏚Cd⏚14ஹefᓄh,Ji:jᙠA{EḄe|e,iᵨKᢙfᓄᑺḄ}~yfᓄ'ᵨ^ᑮᨬ▲liᵨ'ᢙfᓄᑺo!pjUḄ!ApjUB1BpjUCCpjUEDᾦEEᱥJ15ஹiᵨ'67LᑺḄᨵACuS04BᑭCNa2CO3D⏚ஹᑨ⚪
1,X10=103

401ஹYJ,ឋYJḄஹஹஹ᪀:j,ᓄ஺2ஹឋab⏚Ḅ5ᵯPl=7஺
3ஹஹyYJᜫឋ஺4ஹ⏚yYJ,ឋ஺
5ஹpjUஹ¡¢£◤¥¦ஹ§ᦔᜧ©ªq«¬c¥஺6ஹjᱥfᓄᙠ!ᙠ⏘ᓄ)®¯Ḅ°±ᩩ³´µ¶iX஺7ஹ·ᕡᱥJᵨEy:¹஺8ஹ⏘Ḅᨬ〉PH=7஺
9ஹ»ᱥ¼lᜧ⏘½°±¾l¿஺10ஹ]Xᾦᙠjᱥᑁq*rÁᔣ+ᓄ஺ஹᵨᓄÃ}~␺Å)ᑡᔜÈᓄᔠᱥ3'X2=6'
1ஹℍ⃔]X7]2ஹÌÍXÎᵬbÐpUÑஹÒᡂ)ᑡ°±Ó2'X4=8'
1ஹ2ஹ3ஹ4ஹÔஹÕÖ_×4'X4=16'
1ஹjᱥfᓄஹjᱥfᓄḄᱯ஺2ஹ⏘ḄÙÚ᜿ᔠÃÜ஺3ஹ■ῖᑺiᵨḄ■ῖᑺᨵÞß?4ஹYJáឋ_âஹ5ᵯஹYJ,ឋ஺ãஹä⚪_å4'X5=20'
1ஹ⏘'æjᱥᓄᑺᨵçᱯè⏘ᓄ'ᵨḄéJ!êëè

412ஹìíjᱥfᓄîï6ஹC02ஹATPḄjᡂ}Ó஺3ஹ⏘½⋎,ᨵÞ⌕Uè᧕:j⏦½⋎,ḄᱥᨵÞßè᝞ç■õ⏘½⋎,?4ஹeö÷ᡂᑖ`jḄ⌶úᨵÞß?ûüeýþᢈ
▾20/20

ὃᓄ
ᔁA7ᔁ᪥ὃ100ᑖ⚪!"ᑖ#ᑖ$ᑖ▅ᔁ&᪶ஹ)*(30,1’)1ஹ⏘Ḅ/012⏘34ᑖ52ஹ67Ḅ8⏘9⌕ᨵஹஹஹஹ஺3ஹ⏘Ḅᢓᑴ?ᵨ3ᑖ5ABC஺4ஹDᑏFᑖGHAWḄIJAW=2KFḄFᑖGH5஺5ஹLᔠNO0PḄ⏘◀RNO0Sᑖ᜜2UᨵVNO0Sᑖ2W56ஹXᱥZᓄḄ[Jᒹ]^_A^_஺7ஹ`Fᓄᔠᱥ1ᡈbᐸdᔠᱥAeXᱥḄ"W஺8ஹᙠ8Pᱥ0gᨬiḄ81஺9ஹ᪷kᡃmnX᪗pqr2ᐕtuᵨḄ8Cvᔠᡂ⁐y5ஹஹᑨ{⚪(1ᑖX10=10ᑖ)()1ஹ}~W5Xᱥᓄᑺ஺()2ஹ⍗ỚX⁐2⍗ỚX⁐஺()3ஹᐹᨵ⏘ᓄGឋḄNO0ᢥᐸᡂ3ᑖ5ᓫKNOALᔠNOBC஺()4ஹ834⏘FᡂA8஺()5ஹḄ/ᕡᒹ]⏚ஹiஹஹ஺()6ஹ᤺¡Ḅ¢£ᑖ¤¥¦§2ᔠᡂ¤¥¨©஺()7ஹª«¬XyA®¯°±ஹ²³ஹ´µ¶ᓄஹ⊤¸¹º´ᓄஹᜫ¼½¾஺

42¿À8^FADÁ1Â⏘I஺¿9ஹᙠ6ᵨ■ῖᑺg2ÅÆ⏚PḄÇᐰឋÉÊËᵬ⏚P஺¿À10ஹÍÎḄÏÐÑ3ᵨ1Ò5ᐸgÓÔyÕÖ×É2Ø᧕ÚÛgÜ஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱ß⚪1ᑖ,10=10ᑖÀ1ஹ4àáCÑâÊᓫ8¿ÀAஹℍ⃔8Bஹ8Cஹ¢8Dஹ᪶82ஹ⏀Ḅ9⌕æ✏ᱥ01ÀAஹ⏣PBஹéPCஹëPDஹìP3ஹ8⍗Ớê¿ÀAஹ⁐Bஹ⁐Cஹ⁐Dஹí⁐4ஹᾙPïðg6ᵨḄ■ῖᑺ1¿Aஹñò⏚óBஹÅÆ⏚CஹËᵬ⏚DஹBHT5ஹôᾦḄῃ÷9⌕1ῃøôᾦgḄ¿ÀAஹ¼÷Bஹᾦù⏚CஹúᾦDஹ8Pᓄᔠᱥ6ஹ4àᱥ0ÑâʹûÜyḄ1¿ÀAஹüýþûBஹÿ⁐ℍ⃔ᳫCஹ◭Dஹᩚ7ஹᨵḄAஹBஹCஹDஹ⁰᧖8ஹḄ!ᡂ#$%&'ḄAஹ(ឋBஹ*+Cஹ,Dஹ-.9ஹ/0#$1234ᑺḄAஹ67ᑭBஹ9:ᓄCஹ<=>Dஹ6⏣10ஹ@AABAஹCDEBஹF☘CஹH⏣DஹIᾦKஹLM⚗⌱P⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹSTU@VᡂᡂᑖᒹXAஹYU@Bஹ2,ᱥ'Cஹᩈ'Dஹ\%&2ஹ᪷^._⏘ḄaᵨᱯdefgᐸᑖiAஹa-._⏘BஹB-._⏘Cஹℍ⃔\._⏘Dஹj._⏘3ஹkᾦᙠTmḄaᵨᨵAஹnopqBஹno+rstCஹupv'DஹwxTm✏⏍{ᕡ4ஹTmḄᕈ✏⌶ᨵAஹAᱥᔠᡂBஹ⏘Cஹ:ᓄaᵨDஹᑖaᵨ5ஹ/0#$ᕡᱥ'ḄAஹFᬀBஹCᬀCஹDஹ℗6ஹ/0#$ឋTmḄAஹBஹCஹᾙDஹ%7ஹ<⏚Ḅ:ᒹXAஹ⏀⏗Bஹ⏚⏗Cஹ:ᓄῃDஹ=⏚8ஹᵨ$ᑨkᾦᾦ⏚L⛳¡¢£Ḅᱯ¤ᦪᨵAஹḂᓄ§Bஹ¨§CஹỚ§Dஹ⏚ª9ஹᡠᨵḄ¬⏚ᑖ®¯ᨵḄ°Aஹ±Bஹ¬CஹDஹ²

4310ஹ¬⏚³´B\ᙠpµ¶·¢Aᡂ¸⁐ᱥ'e¹ºi)Aஹ¼½¾Bஹ¿⁐Cஹῃ¬DஹÀ¬ÁஹÂÃÄ2ᑖÅ5=10ᑖ1ஹ⏘ḄÆÇឋ2ஹÈᔾÊ3ஹTm˵ᑺ4ஹ%&'(ឋ5ஹḂᓄ§ÌஹÍÎ⚪4ᑖÅ5=20ᑖ1ஹÏÐHMᓄ⏘ÑᨵÒÓdÑ2ஹ⏘ᑖiÔᜧÑᑏ×ᔜᜧḄ᧜Ú஺3ஹÍÜAᱥ:ᓄḄᱯd஺4ஹÍÜkᾦ⏚ÝḄBÞ஺5ஹÏÐßà¬⏚ÑᑖáᨵâãäÑ

44åஹæÜ⚪10ᑖÅ1=10ᑖçÜ£¡PHè⏘éឋḄêë஺ìíTmîïᢈñò▾20/20òôõòöö÷ὃçùTmᓄòúçᔁA8×ᔁüý᪥èüýὃçÿ
100ᑖ⚪ᑖᑖᑖ▅ᔁ᪶ஹ301'1ஹ⏘Ḅ!ᵯ#$1.0,%ᐸᙠpH$5.0Ḅᩩ)*+ᵯ,-Ḅ,./ᔣ$2ஹ12Ḅᓄ45ᡂ7Ḅ8ᜩᯠᡂᑖᒹ<ஹ஺3ஹ>?Ḅ@ABC1ᵨEF$ᐸ7GHIJ+K᧕MN7O஺4ஹPᵨ■ῖᑺT⌕ᨵ++஺PᵨḄWᕡᱥZᨵ5ஹḄ[\ᕡ]ᒹ<ஹஹஹ஺6ஹ12Ḅᕈ✏⌶aᨵ+++஺7ஹ᪷cde⏦Ḅgᵨᱯ#+Ciᐸᑖ$+++O8ஹᾦklᙠ⏚ᡈ⏘opqḄᩩ)*rs$t஺9ஹuv⏚Ḅwxysᒹ

453ஹᾙ7PᵨḄ■ῖᑺE⏚஺4ஹPḄOᨵ¡¢£ஹ¤¥⁐ℍ⃔ᳫஹOᩚO஺5ஹ«¬t℗®¯°±ᕡᱥZ஺6ஹ%Z²³ᜐ°!ᵯ#-+ᐸ²sµ¶ᑮᨬᜧ¹஺7ஹA7ºPGᨵḄOE»¼஺8ஹ½[⏚¾¿ÀÁᙠqpÂÃÄ7ᡂÅ⁐ᱥZ+ÆÇÈ$ῃ½[ÇÈ஺9ஹᡠᨵ⏘Ḅ\Z®EZ஺10ஹÊËᓄ⏦ḄÌ#ᙠ°ÍBlᵨ°r²ឋÏᱥtÐᑖÑÏᱥ஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱Õ⚪1ᑖxio=ioᑖ1ஹ%Ö×ØrÙ+ÚÛÜr+ÝÞ]ᑮᨵßᕡ+àáâã$AஹᕡḄäᢙBஹᕡḄ>æCஹᕡḄçèDஹᕡḄéê2ஹ*ᑡëáìᱥçrᑖíµᨬîÞAஹBஹ⏗ðCஹ◭DஹÐᳫ3ஹòóôõó+ö÷12øùFúᵨ×áû⁐ÂùüᧇþÿᐝᧇAஹᾦBஹCஹDஹᬀ4ஹᯠᨬḄAஹⅅBஹCஹℍ⃔Dஹ!5ஹ"#$%&ᱥ(ᓄᑺḄAஹᾦ+Bஹ᪶⏚Cஹ+Dஹ⏘6ஹ/01ᱥ234ᵨḄ⏚ᕡᑺAஹ78⏚Bஹ9⏚Cஹ:;⏚Dஹ!⏚7ஹ◀=>?@AB⏚᜜DE⃩G?@ḄAB⏚AஹHA⏚BஹᜩJA⏚CஹKA⏚DஹLA⏚8ஹ"#$%ῃN⏘ḄAஹℍ⃔OP⏘BஹQOP⏘Cஹa-OP⏘DஹOP⏘9ஹ/0ᱥ23RSᐗḄAஹ᪶⏚BஹSᾦCஹATPDஹ⁐A⏚10ஹVWXY3Z[\/01ᱥ2AஹCaBஹFeCஹKDஹZn]ஹ3^⚗⌱a⚪1ᑖd10=10ᑖ1ஹ⏘Ḅᢓᑴgᵨhᑖ%
Aஹ3h⌮ᢓᑴgᵨBஹh⌮ᢓᑴgᵨCஹjkឋᢓᑴgᵨDஹmjkឋᢓᑴgᵨ2ஹ/0ᱥ2nopᕡᱥ2ḄAஹₐrBஹᕸᖹrCஹu᧖⏚Dஹhhr3ஹ/0nowx2h⌮yឋḄAஹz{|nBஹz}Cஹ~᪆Dஹᐝ᯿4ஹ&ᱥᓄḄᨵAஹᔾBஹᨵᔾCஹzDஹῃ5ஹmRNAḄ᪶᧖⏚ᣚ%AB⏚Ḅ$%AஹᑴBஹCஹDஹ6ஹ/0ᱥ2ᨵᕡḄAஹD-⁐A⏚BஹⅅCஹOPDஹ7ஹ✏Ḅᡂᑖᨵ)

46Aஹᨵ⏚+Bஹ+Cஹ⏣+Dஹ¡+8ஹ¢£¤ᱥ2¥&¦§Ḅ¨Aஹ©ªBஹ«¬CஹDஹ®¯9ஹᡃ±²^ᙠKP´zḄ¤ᱥ2µᓄᑺᨵAஹ¶·~BஹỚCஹ¹Dஹ┛10ஹwx2»Ḅ¼¥ᱥ%Aஹwx▭Bஹwx▰Cஹ¿ÀDஹAB⏚ÁஹÂûÄ2ᑖX5=10ᑖ1ஹ⏘Ḅᢓᑴᑺ2ஹÅÆḄÇᐰឋ3ஹÉÊgᵨ4ஹ&ᱥᓄ5ஹỚËÌஹÍÎ⚪4ᑖd5=20ᑖ1ஹᑴᜓÐ^ᓄ⏘ḄÑᨵ1ÒÓ2ஹÍÔÕᔠ×ᵫḄÙÚ஺3ஹÍÔÜᕡᱥ2ḄᱯÞ஺4ஹÍÔßàOP×NàOPᙠÕ᪀âឋ2ãḄÙÚ஺5ஹÍÔEMP⌶åḄæç▤é஺

47êஹëÔ⚪10ᑖXl=10ᑖ⏘×XY(ᓄᑺñòᨵóᱯឋÓᨵóᐳឋÓõÅÆö÷ᢈùú▾20/20úþÿ

ὃᓄᔁB7ᔁ᪥ὃ100ᑖ⚪!ᑖ"ᑖ#ᑖ▅ᔁ%᪶ஹ()*30X1'.1ஹḄᓄ0ᡂ2Ḅ3ᜩᯠᡂᑖᒹ7ஹ஺2ஹ;<Ḅ=>?ᵨḄABᨵஹஹஹஹ3ஹDᔠFGᢣḄ3FᡂᑖIFJKDᔠḄFLFᑖMNAW=஺DᔠFRSTUVFᑖMNWT•4ஹ?ᵨḄ⏚ᕡᑺᨵVVV?ᵨḄ]ᕡᑺᨵO5ஹ_`⏘bcde᳛ḄghᨵVVV6ஹjklᕡḄABᨵm

487ஹa-no⏘Gp⏘*ᑁᑗV᜜ᑗ.VtFuv᧖x஺B-no⏘Gp⏘*ᑁᑗV᜜ᑗ.VtFuv᧖x஺8ஹᜩᯠ⁐hᢥᐸᩭ}~ᑖVV஺ஹᑨ⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ.*.1ஹ2J?RᨵḄhGh஺*.2ஹᓄ⏘ḄᙠtᵨFឋᱥmᑖᱥ஺*.3ஹ2DᔠFḄRSTUVFᑖMNT஺*4ஹᓫvᑖ2ᨬḄḄ¡ᙠ¢£ḄL¤஺
5ஹ¥¦m℗¨©ªᕡᱥ«஺*6ஹᾙ=>2?ᵨḄ■ῖᑺG¯°⏚஺*.7ஹ±²«³nGᵫµ¶·¸ឋ¹ᵨ஺*.8ஹ⏀Ḅ»⌕½✏ᱥ«G¿஺*9ஹ?ÀḄÁÂhᨵÃÄÅÂஹÆÇ⁐ℍ⃔ᳫÂஹᩚÂh஺*.10ஹÌ⏚IÍvᙠÎÏÐKÑ2¶ᡂÒ⁐ᱥ«VÓcdῃÌcd஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱×⚪1ᑖxio=ioᑖ.1ஹØÙÚÙVÛÜÝÞgßᵨ·pà⁐ÐÞáᧇãäåᐝVçpáᧇG*.AஹèᾦàBஹêàCஹëìàDஹªᬀàh2ஹîᯠï2ᨬðḄvG*.AஹⅅvBஹ;vCஹℍ⃔vDஹòv3ஹóᱥôᾦÏÐJ?õᵨ*.AஹöBBஹ÷øᑖBCஹùúBDஹûüB4ஹýþpᱥ«G?ᵨḄ⏚ᕡᑺ*.Aஹ¯°⏚Bஹÿ⏚Cஹ⏚Dஹ⏚5ஹឋḄAஹVCBஹVB1CஹVB5DஹVD6ஹḄᡂḄᵨAஹឋBஹCஹ!"Dஹ#$7ஹ◀&'()*+,⏚᜜./0⃩23)*Ḅ+,⏚Aஹ4+⏚Bஹᜩ6+⏚Cஹ7+⏚Dஹ8+⏚8ஹᱥḄAஹ:Bஹ⊤Dஹ?"9ஹ@ABCῃE⏘ḄAஹℍ⃔I$J⏘BஹK$J⏘Cஹa-$J⏘DஹB-$J⏘10ஹL(ᱥMᵨḄ⏚ᕡᑺAஹXY⏚BஹZ⏚Cஹ⏚Dஹ⏚[ஹ\⚗⌱_⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹ᪀ᡂEc$JḄᓄeQAஹa-1,6-I᧖QBஹP-1,6-I᧖QCஹa-1,4-I᧖QDஹP-1,4-I᧖Q2ஹghi4ᡂᡂᑖᒹkAஹliBஹ?"mᱥCஹᩈDஹI3ஹᱥTᓄḄnoᨵAஹqTrᔾBஹᨵTrᔾCஹSTUVDஹῃWUV

494ஹt┛vwxAஹyz{Bஹ|⊈Cஹh~Dஹᕆ5ஹ+,⏚Aஹ⏣BஹCஹDஹ⏣6ஹmRNAḄ᪶ᵞ⏚ᣚC+,⏚ḄBCAஹᑴBஹCஹDஹ¢£7ஹḄឋḄ(¤᪀>ᓄAஹBஹCஹ¡Dஹ[8ஹ⏘ḄᢓᑴᵨᑖC(
Bஹ⌮ᢓᑴᵨBஹ⌮ᢓᑴᵨCஹឋᢓᑴᵨDஹ¥ឋᢓᑴᵨ9ஹ?✏Ḅᡂᑖᨵ)Aஹᨵ¦⏚§mBஹmCஹ⏣mDஹ®m10ஹᱥ3¨ᕡᱥḄ
AஹₐªBஹᕸᖹªCஹᵞ⏚Dஹª¯ஹ°±²³2ᑖ´5=10ᑖ1ஹ$J⏘2ஹ⏘Ḅµ¶ᑺ3ஹ$Jὁᓄ4ஹឋ5ஹ¸\ᓄ⏘¹ஹº»⚪4ᑖX5=20ᑖ1ஹᑏ½¾¿n.ÀºÁ¾¿MᦪḄô஺2ஹÅᑏ½IqT⏗²ᡂC®⏚ḄÇUVo஺3ஹᨵLÈᐳÊᱯÌÍ

504ஹºÁ¤ᔠÏÐᵫḄÒÓ஺5ஹºÁÔᕡᱥḄᱯÌ஺ÕஹÖÁ⚪10ᑖ´1=10ᑖ⏘Ï×ᓄᑺØÙᨵÚᱯឋÍᨵÚᐳឋÍÛÜhÝÞßᢈáe▾20/20eãäeååæὃèéhÝᓄeêèᔁB8½ᔁìíîïð᪥òìíóôõὃèûüí100ᑖý⚪ö¡[¯¹ÕÇᑖ÷ᑖþᑖì▅ᔁì᪶ìஹùú1ᑖX30=30ᑖ1ஹÿa-ᾦp|5.8,ᐸᙠpH5.0ḄᩩᵯḄᔣ2ஹ⏘Ḅᢓᑴᵨᑖ஺3ஹᱥ!ᓄ#$%CO2ᡂ'(⌕ᨵ4ஹ+,%Ḅ-ᑖḄ./0'1ᙠᱥḄ⊈3ஹ456789:-஺5ஹ᪷<ᡃ>+,?᪗ABCᐕEFᵨḄ8/GHᔠᡂ⁐K6ஹ⁐KᢥᐸMNឋᑖᢥᐸᩭQᑖ7ஹRḄᑖNST(⌕ᨵ./UVᐸ%ᙠRST%ᓰ(XᙢZ[Ḅ\]ᨬ_஺8ஹᕡaḄbcᘤefᜮhḄGḄijᕡaᒹl•9ஹnoឋpqRrᡠᐹᨵᓫRv᪵Ḅឋxeyᐸ%ᨵz{|ᡂḄᓫR}ᶇ஺ஹᑨ⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹᐹᨵᓄឋḄxᢥᐸ|ᡂᑖᓫᔠ./஺2ஹ᤺ḄᑖNSTᔠᡂST஺3ஹ+ᑡᜧ⃩ᐗK¡¢᧕¤ᓄᔾᦈ§¨\]஺4ஹFAD©eª⏘I஺5ஹ«¬Ḅ®¯+ᵨeyᐸ%°±K²]³´¢᧕µ¶%·஺6ஹ«ឋḄx¯〉¹+ᵨyᐸ¯᧕Gº¤ᓄᔾᦈ஺7ஹᙠ»ᵨ■ῖᑺ%¿À⏚UḄÂᐰឋ´:Äᵬ⏚U஺8ஹKDÆÇÈÉÊË⁐ÌÍÎÏ7º஺9ஹ᪷<ÐᱥxᐗKᙠᱥºᑁḄ²]Ò»Óᐸᑖ.U²]ᙠ0.1%hḄÔ»]ᐗK஺10ஹÕºÖỚ⌼ᡂᵬÏÙÚᜧÛᝣÖỚµ¶ÝÞß“ᕆâã”஺åஹᓫ⚗⌱è⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1ஹ⏀Ḅ(⌕ê✏ᱥxeAஹ⏣UBஹÉUCஹíUDஹîU

512ஹ¯9:pqRᐳឋḄe
AஹM:-BஹᨵðᕡCஹDஹឋ3ஹᾙU}ò%»ᵨḄ■ῖᑺe
Aஹóô⏚õBஹ¿À⏚Cஹᵬ⏚DஹBHT4ஹ᪀ᡂ÷øùúḄᓄûüe)Aஹa-1,6-R᧖üBஹ஺-1,4-᧖Cஹ3-1,4-R✌Dஹ0-1,6-5ஹᱥḄ
Aஹ!"#Bஹ$%⁐ℍ⃔ᳫCஹ%*◭Dஹᩚ6ஹᱥ-.Ḅ
Aஹ⏘Bஹ⊤1Cஹ2ᾦDஹ457ஹ-.6⌮8ឋḄ
Aஹ9ᐭ;$Bஹ9

522ஹᢙeᓄᑺ3ஹ4ஹ-.8ឋ5ஹ⏘Ḅᨬ〉ÎÏᨬ〉pHÐÑஹ~Ò⚪
4ᑖX5=20ᑖ1ஹ~ÓÔᕡᱥḄᱯx஺2ஹ⏦ᑖ|ÖᜧBØᑏÚᔜᜧBḄ᧜DÝ஺3ஹÞßàkᓄ⏘ØᨵáâxØ4ஹÞßãä²⏚ØᑖåᨵÖæØ5ஹ~ÓAஹCஹDஹB1ḄN¡]çè⌕Xᱥᩭë஺ìஹíÓ⚪
10ᑖXl=10ᑖD¼î⊤ÏᦻðñÓòó⏘ÉឋḄÑᜧ஺

53ôõXö÷ᢈùú▾20/20úÿ
ὃᓄ
ᔁA9ᔁ᪥ὃ:100ᑖ⚪!"#$ᑖ%ᑖ&ᑖ▅ᔁ(᪶ஹ+,-30/1’11ஹ2345678ᑖ95:ῖ<=Ḅᐵ@ABᐭ3ḄᭆE஺2ஹⅅIJᱥLM⌕ḄOPIAQJᵫᑖS:ᑖSTᡂ஺3ஹVWXYZ[\]^Z5A_`Lab9ᨵ〉5VWXAQeᡂ2`LYfghḄiᑖAj=2஺4ஹᾦmJᵫᑖS:3ᑖSῃ8oᔠqᡂḄr஺5ஹtᐭOuvḄLឋxfyz{|}~v,j2,qtᐭuvḄLឋxAᑮ4Ḅx⛳:vAfyz{|Ḅ}~vj2o6ஹ⊤3:=Ḅᐵ@஺⏘ᦪJv2ᨬᜧḄᱥuvAᐸ᎔ᦪ1/KmᜧA67¡⏘¢ᱥ£:v஺7ஹᙠ¦ᱥ§ᓄ¨LA©¨§ᓄª⏚ᓄ¬ᵨ®¦___________,ᨵ°±Aᓽ:஺8ஹ´¦ᳮ
Ḅ¶v·A¸ᨵஹஹஹ4J¹ºᕡ¼஺9ஹf©¨ஹஹ½¾■À⏘Á⋎ÃḄĦ.10ஹ´ƦÄAÇtᑺ✌ᐜ¡JyᵨḄ,ᐸËÌJ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡஹÏ᝱½ÑÒḄᦔÔ஺11ஹÕÖ×ஹᩈÙ½¦ᔛÛLÜM⌕JÝ2ᐸL9ᨵAÞᱥ|ᙠ⏚ᡈ⏘Ḅ¬ᵨàf¦ᡂᒓÜḄ;ãᙠäåæçèLḄºé\êÜA_ᙠ\ᑁì§ᓄᡂíᑣᨵᒓÜ஺ஹᑨð⚪-10XE11ஹ-1AW⊤ô3Ḅõ4ឋ஺2ஹ-1oᨔℍ⃔IஹùúஹùúIûஹÔℍIûüýäùúI•3ஹ-1ÿᾙ
⁐ᐰᵫᾙ
Ḅ஺

544ஹ()Fe3+Fe2+᧕ᔾᦈ஺5ஹ()⏦⏘Ḅ!ᔠ#$%&'(ᵨ*᪆Ḅ,-◀/஺6ஹ()⏘Ḅᨬ〉234456ᵨ78ஹ⏘93ஹ:ᱥஹ<=ᑺ?ᢓᑴᑺBCDEF஺7ஹ()G⏗IJKᨵMNMᙳPQR஺8ஹ()ᾦT⏚Ḅ6-MᓄḄW⌕YᱥZ[⏒CoA஺9ஹ()]ᕡᱥ_`a⃩cᱥ_&ᡂefஹghi&fj#kl&᧕ᢵnឋ&᧕ẚq஺10ஹ()rstu
ᑖwxᔜzs{◭}D&~W⌕ᵫ☘◭ᡠ஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱⚪஺01&)1ஹᑡᓄᔠᱥ
PnJKḄ஺AஹGBஹⅅGCஹDஹ-¡2ஹ¢ᱥ£
¤¥ḄᜩᯠᢙMᓄᑺᨵ஺Aஹ©ªBஹ«¬ªCஹªDஹ®¯D3ஹᙠᨵ±²⏚³´ᙠ7&µᾙᑴ¶ᡂḄ±²·Z஺Aஹ¸⁐Bஹ¹⁐Cஹs⁐Dஹ⋎⁐4ஹ`»ឋ¯Dᨵ஺Aஹ¯DB1(¼½D)Bஹ¯DACஹ¯DEDஹVD5ஹ¾_¿ÀÁᵫÂᡠÃÄḄ஺Aஹ┛BஹÆCஹÇDஹÈ6ஹᑡÉÊz⏘#`G⏘஺Aஹa-⏘BஹËÌGÍ⏚⏘CஹÎÏ⏘DஹÐMᓄᱥ⏘7ஹᱥᑁATPᨬW⌕ḄᩭÓ஺AஹG⏗IBஹTCAÔCஹÆ⏚ÕG⌶×DஹMᓄÆ⏚ᓄ6ᵨ8ஹ“⌕ÙÚஹÛܳ”~ÊÞß`ᕡàḄÞß஺AஹáBஹâãCஹäᢙDtå9ஹᑡḼ⁐ᑺ`ᜩᯠḼ⁐ᑺḄZ஺AஹèBஹÚèCஹéᾦDஹê¹10ஹᑡ■ῖᑺ
íᐰឋᨬîḄ஺Aஹïᵬ⏚Bஹïᵬ⏚ñCஹáò·ïᵬ⏚óDஹôõ⏚öஹ#l⚗⌱⚪(10X1&)1ஹᐵᓄᔠᱥḄøù┯ûḄ஺Aஹℍ⃔GᱥþᨬÿḄᓄᔠᱥBஹᵞᨬᓫḄᓄᔠᱥCஹᾯᑁᨵᜧᐗDஹᙢḄᡂ!Ὂ#$%&ᜧḄ'2ஹ()*+,-(⌮/0Ḅᨵ஺Aஹ3⏚╄Bஹ6⏚Cஹ789⏚Dஹ:3ஹᾦḄឋ-=>?@Aᐸ&ᾦC⏚Ḅ஺AஹDEBஹFGCஹᙠᵞ7IJḄᑖLDஹᙠᵞ7I&Ḅ᣸ᑡ4ஹOAPឋ%QḄᨵ•AஹSTBஹUVCஹᜧWDஹXᾙ5ஹZᑡ[DOA\ᓄT]^_Ḅ⏘»Aஹ_ᵬcd'⏚⏘BஹT]e^⏘CஹT]I⏦DஹT]⏚e^Ḅ6ஹᨵᐵa-0h⏘ḄᱯឋjklZᑡmDnop஺Aஹqrst0hᑖuᑁv^a-1,4-᧖x

55Bஹqryt0hᑖuᑁv^az,4-᧖xCஹqr0hᑖuḄ{|}ឋ~^a-1,4-xDஹqḄᵨ!℉ᙢ0h%QḄ7ஹᾦC⏚ᓄlPᓄl◤⌕ZᑡmD⏘Aஹᾦ⏒CoAῃ⏘BஹB-¡ᾦ⏒CoAῃ⏘Cஹᾦ⏒CoAᔠDஹ3^ᕡḄᨵᕈᕡᱥ-ḄDEᕈᕡᱥ-Ḅ¢%ᱥḄ,ᕈᕡᱥ-Ḅ¤¥ᵨ9ஹ¦§⏘¨⋎ªḄᩩ¬ᨵ஺AஹᨵEBஹᓄ⏘Cஹ®Dஹ¯°10ஹZᑡ(±U²◭´ῃ´Ḅµoᨵ஺Aஹ¶ᑴ¸¹%ḄBஹ¯°Cஹ±ᵨºDஹ»¼½¾^¿ஹÀÁ^ÂÃ5X2'1ஹ⏚Ä2ஹ⏘Ḅឋ&Å3ஹ§ᱥᓄ4ஹÆᕡ5ஹǯᑺÉஹÊ⚪Ã5X4'
1ஹÌk+,-ÍᡂÎ]ḄÏᳮ஺2ஹp⏘¨ÑḄÒᨵÓÔÕ3ஹÖᱥ×ØÙÚÛÜᨵ[ᱯÝÕ

564ஹÞßḄàá%Q&â⁐Ḅµoᨵmä?5ஹæÓÔçE%ᱥ!§ᔛÕéஹêk⚪Ã10X/
1ஹEMP-TCAëìḄѼí᝞[Õïðᑖuℍ⃔óEMP-TCAëì§ᡂôATP?õö%Q÷øᢈúû▾20/20ûýþûÿ
ὃᓄᔁA10ᔁ᪥ὃ100ᑖ⚪ᑖᑖᑖ▅ᔁ"᪶ஹ%&'30X(
1ஹ)*+,-./ᑖ0,1ῖ34Ḅᐵ789ᐭ*Ḅᭆ<஺2ஹⅅ?@ᱥBᨬDEḄFG?8H@ᵫᑖJ1ᑖJKᡂ஺3ஹMNOPQRSTUQ,8VWBXY0ᨵ〉,MNO8H\ᡂ)WBP]^_Ḅ`ᑖ8a4)

574ஹcᾦḄefᓄᒹhcᾦḄ1cᾦḄ஺5ஹeᐭFjkḄBឋm]nopqrsk,uvwxa),yeᐭzjkḄBឋm8{|ᑮ+Ḅm⛳1k8]nopqḄrskuvwxa)m᪆஺6ஹ⊤|Ḅ14Ḅᐵ7஺⏘Dᦪ@k)ᨬᜧ_____Ḅᱥjk8ᐸ᎔ᦪ"Kmᜧ8-.⏘ᱥ1k஺7ஹᾦ⏚Ḅᓄᒹhஹஹ1▤¡¢£¤ᓄ8¥ᡂᑖJஹ1஺8ஹ⏚ᕡḄ█©ªᕡ1«ᕡ,〉{Ḅ⏚ᕡQ¬¢஺9ஹB✏°ᱥqḄ±ᡂ⌶³ᨵஹஹஹo10ஹ·¸¹ஹᩈ»Ḅ¥ᔛ½B¾¿⌕@Á)ᐸB0ᨵ,uÂᱥqᙠ⏚ᡈ⏘ḄÅᵨÇ]¥ᡂᒓ¾Ḅ:ÊᙠËÌÍÎÏBḄÐÑSÒ¾8VᙠSᑁÔᓄᡂÕᑣᨵᒓ¾஺ஹᑨØ⚪(ioxr)1ஹ()Þ?@ß?8PàËáâ?஺2ஹ()ᡠᨵḄopqåᐹᨵஹஹஹçè᪀஺3ஹ()ëᾙBí⁐ïᐰᵫëᾙñòBḄëíopTU஺4ஹ()ᢙô⊈⏚Å)ᢙᓄᑺ8PQᜧᑺ,÷e஺5ஹ()øùឋᢓᑴᑺᙠè᪀ü⏘ḄᱥýÂþ஺6ஹ()⏘¬᳛
ᱥḄᜧ஺7ஹ()⏗ᨵᙳ஺8ஹ()6-⏚ℍ⃔$%&1,6-'⏚()◤⌕⏚,-᪀⏘0⏚(1⏘2ᓄ஺9ஹ()56ᕡ8)9ᕡ:;ᨬ)=ᕡ:;᠒)?=ᕡ█AᨬB஺10ஹ()EFGHFIJᨵKᓄLᢓᑴᑺᨬPḄQᱥ஺Rஹᓫ⚗⌱V⚪(10X1))1ஹYᑡ[\ᓄᔠᱥ8^_`ḄI஺AஹaBஹⅅCஹefDஹ(2ஹᢥỚAᜧBᑖF)lឋnḄỚAᙠ஺AஹBq100B,100-120Cஹ120-180Dஹ180-1903ஹᙠᨵtu⏚vwᙠx)yᾙᑴ{|ᡂḄtu5~&஺BAஹ⁐Bஹ⁐Cஹ⁐Dஹ⋎⁐4ஹqᾦឋ|ᨵ஺Aஹ|B1()Bஹ|ACஹ|B2(᪶)DஹVC5ஹḄᔾᦈ᳛᩽)⌕;Qᱥ8Ḅ஺Aஹ|CBஹ⏚Cஹ¡⏚vDஹ₝⏚v6ஹ£¤¥¦Ḅ⏘§
ᱥ¨ᔠḄ©ªI»Aஹ¬ឋ8ªBஹ®¯᜿ᔠ©ªCஹ┝ᓇ©ªDஹ8³´ᱥ©ª7ஹ|ᱥµᑁATPᨬ⌕ḄᩭºI஺Aஹ⏗BஹTCA»¼Cஹ⏚½⌶¿Dஹᓄ⏚ᓄÀᵨ8ஹÂÃEῖÅÆḄÇ=GEῖḄEῥᕡÉÊ)ᑭᵨḄI`ᑣ஺AஹᕡḄÍBஹᕡḄÉÎCஹᕡḄÏᢙDᕡḄ%Ñ9ஹYᑡḼ⁐ᑺqᜩᯠḼ⁐ᑺḄ&஺AஹÕÆBஹÖÆCஹ×ᾦDஹØ10ஹYᑡ■ῖᑺ8ÚᐰឋᨬÜḄI஺AஹÝᵬ⏚BஹÝᵬ⏚ßCஹà5Ýᵬ⏚áDஹâã⏚äஹåæ⚗⌱V⚪(10X1')

581ஹᐵq[\ᓄᔠᱥḄéê┯ìḄIAஹℍ⃔I|ᱥíᨬîïḄ[\ᓄᔠᱥBஹᵞnñIᨬòᓫḄ[\ᓄᔠᱥCஹᾯᑁôᨵᜧõᐗDஹ÷íøùPᙢûḄᡂåὊ;ýQ8ᜧõḄa2ஹþÿ
⌮Ḅᨵ஺Aஹ⏚╄Bஹ⏚Cஹ⏚Dஹ3ஹᾦᓄḄᨵ஺Aஹ!Bஹ"ᑖ$%Cஹ&'()*Dஹ⊈,4ஹ(-⏚ឋ/0Ḅᨵ»Aஹ23Bஹ45Cஹᜧ7Dஹ8ᾙ5ஹ:ᑡ<=(->ᓄ3?@AḄ⏘஺AஹAᵬDEFGH⏚⏘Bஹ3?I@⏘Cஹ3?J⏘Dஹ3?⏚I@⏘6ஹᨵᐵa-L⏘ḄᱯឋNOP:ᑡQ=RST.AஹVWXYLᑖ*ᑁ["@a\1,4-G᧖^BஹVW_YLᑖ*ᑁ["@a\1,4-G᧖^CஹVWLᑖ*Ḅ`abឋcd"@a-1,4-Ge^DஹVḄfᵨhi℉ᙢlL/0Ḅm%7ஹᾦn⏚$ᓄoPP\ᓄpqrsP◤⌕:ᑡQ\=⏘vwAஹᾦ⏒CoAῃz⏘BஹB-ᾦ⏒CoAῃz⏘Cஹ{ᾦ⏒CoA"ᔠ}Dஹ@}8ஹᕡḄᨵBஹᕈᕡᱥḄ=BஹᕈᕡᱥḄ%Cஹ/ᱥḄ%DஹᕈᕡᱥḄfᵨ9ஹ⏘⋎ḄᩩᨵAஹᨵBஹᓄ⏘CஹDஹ!10ஹ:ᑡ4◭ῃḄSᨵAஹᑴ/Ḅl"Bஹ!Cஹᵨ"Dஹ¦§¨©@ஹ¡@¢£5X2'2ஹỚ¥2ஹ⏘Ḅᨬ〉pH3ஹ¬ᔾY4ஹ®ᕡ5ஹFᓄᑺ

59°±⚪£5X4'
1ஹ³´µ¶◤D⏚·ᨵ¸¹=·2ஹºOa-L⏘ஹL⏘ஹℍ⃔GL⏘Ḅfᵨᱯ½·3ஹ3¾ᙠᡂÁ§ÂÃÄÅÆÇᑁḄᓄᓄᨵ¸È·4ஹ■Ê⏘⋎ËᨵᦔḄSᨵ¸È?5ஹγ´“,ДoḄÒÓÔh/ᵨ·ÕO⚪£10Ö1’×1ஹEMP-TCAØÙḄpÚ§Â᝞<·ÜÝ\ᑖ*ℍ⃔GÞEMP-TCAØÙᡂßATP?

60àá/0âãᢈåæ▾20/20æëìæíícὃºï/0ᓄæðºᔁB9ôᔁõö᪥Tõöὃºøùö100ᑖû⚪ü\ýþÿ
ᑖᑖᑖ▅ᔁ᪶ஹ(30X1')1ஹḄᓄᢣ஺ᜐᓄ᝱Ḅ"#«2ஹᩈ(⏣*+ᕡᑺ.ᐸ+0ᩈ(,2■4o3ஹỚ7ᢣoỚ7⊝9_____________________________________________஺4ஹ<=>Ḅ?ᑖ#@AB.CᐭE⏚╄HIᵯK>2LM<=>?Nᩭ.CPQ?R,ST#,UVWX?஺5ஹᐹᨵ⏘^ᓄ_ឋḄ<=>ᢥᐸbᡂ2ᑖ#@Adeᐰ⏘=+o6ஹᵫEMP-TCArs⌶u2v.ℍ⃔(yஹஹ3z▤|}~ᓄᑖK.ᙠUVW.ᑖℍ⃔(ᡂᑖATP஺7ஹᡃᕡᑖ#B.◀⏚ஹ+ஹஹ4Bᕡ᜜.ᨵஹ@஺8ஹ⏘⋎Ḅ*ᵨᳮ⌕ᨵஹ@Bᑴ஺9ஹᔠᑺᵫ________________ஹ@¡ᑺ¢ᑖbᡂ஺10ஹᔛᡈ¥ᵨ¦§¨ḄḄ©dBRª«¬.⌕T#ᐸᨵ,Sdᱥ>¯ᐭ°Q±M;U᜜.©d¥ᱥᨵ,³´°µ⃩·ᱥ>Ḅ¸ᓄᔾᦈ஺»ஹᑨ½⚪(10XV)1ஹ()ᩭÀÁVÂÃAW,2ÅÆ¥ÇÈÉឋ஺2ஹ()ÊËÌͱΰ¸ᓄ.ᦑÐ⃩·Ñ7஺3ஹ()ឋQḄ<=>ᐸᑖ9ÒÓᦋ஺4ஹ()ᜧ¢ᑖÖ×ஹ©dX⏚ឋ¥Ç.Tᐸᨵ⏚BdØ.9Æ஺5ஹ()ᩭÀ⏘ᐹᨵ^ᓄ*ᵨḄ<=>.ÙÚᙢ<=>Ü⏘஺6ஹ()⏘^ᓄ*ᵨḄ>ÂÃÝÚ_ᓄ±஺7ஹ()ᱥ>ᙠÞßà@ᙠ°ᑁḄᱥᓄḄᓄâ>ãᐰÙäḄ.åᡠyᔊḄè⌶Íä஺8ஹ()éê*ᵨ°ᑁᔠᡂëìê⏚Ḅí⌕⌶u஺9ஹ()îஹïðᯏ᮴óḄ✏ÞXCõᑖK⌶u஺10ஹ()öd÷øRó¬ᱥ.M¬஺ஹᓫ⚗⌱ü⚪(10X/)1ஹNᑡÿᓄᔠᱥ⍗⁐Ḅ»AஹBஹᐗCஹDஹ⁐2ஹᾦᓄ!"#Ḅ$%&'(o

61Aஹ⛳+Bஹ,-.᪀Cஹ01.᪀Dஹ3ஹ234ឋᵫ7஺Aஹ9:;᪀ᦋBஹ=>᪀?ẚACஹBCῃEDஹ234F4ஹ'(GHIJKLᨵᐵ஺Aஹ(BlBஹ(B2Cஹ(B3Dஹ(B55ஹO☢Q7ᨵRSTQḄ஺AஹUBஹ╎CஹẬDஹX6ஹ⏘Z[\]^⏘_9ឋḄ`ᑖ஺Aஹ⏘23BஹbᱥCஹB⏘ᡈBCDஹ;ᔠCd7ஹeᾦ⏚ghᓄஹBiᓄjkbᑖFᡂC02+H2஺ᐳ(ᡂᑖnATP஺Aஹ38Bஹ129Cஹ131Dஹ1478ஹopqrstuvwxᑮᨵz{ᕡ}~?ᕡḄ஺AஹBஹCஹᢙD9ஹOᑡ⁐Q7ឋ⁐Ḅ஺AஹBஹ⊈Cஹ☘Dஹ10ஹᑺ✌ᐜ\S஺AஹᐰឋBஹ■ῖᦔ¡Cஹ¢¢£◤¥Dஹ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡḄ◤¥§ஹ^⚗⌱ª⚪¬101'®1ஹ;ᔠḄᱯ°஺Aஹᙠ-40࠷O;³Bஹᐹᨵµ¶ឋCஹ·¸¹᜜ᩭ4ḄᑺDஹ·¼z(ᱥᑭᵨ2ஹᙠ234Ḅ¿ᵯÁÂᑮᨬÄÁ஺AஹÅÆÇBஹÈÉCஹÊᵯ·ËDஹPI3ஹÌÍÎᓄᑺᨵ஺A,ᓫÐÑ⏚ᵞÑBஹÓÑCஹÔÕ⏣ᾦ×⏚ÑDஹØÑ4ஹQ7ÙឋḄᨵ»AஹÚ¡BஹÛÜCஹᜧÞDஹßᾙ5ஹOᑡᐵ7⏘ᱯឋḄáâãäåæḄoAஹçᓄᦔ᳛éBஹ_9ឋêCஹ¸ᵨᩩìí+DஹîᨵBïnðJçᓄ[\6ஹᨵᐵ⏘ḄᱯឋñâOᑡã~òó஺Aஹôõö"ᑖnᑁ`Fa91,4-✌%Bஹôõø"ᑖnᑁ`Fa4-ú%CஹôõᑖnḄûüýឋþÿ
a-1,4-DஹḄᵨ℉ᙢḄ7ஹᾦ⏚ᓄ6-ᓄ!"◤⌕%ᑡ'()⏘+,஺Aஹᾦ⏒CoAῃ1⏘BஹB—2ᾦ⏒CoAῃ1⏘Cஹ3ᾦ⏒CoAᔠ5Dஹ6
78ஹ✏ᕡ:ᡂḄ<⌕⌶>ᨵ஺Cஹ@ᱥᔠᡂBஹ⏘BCCஹᓄᵨDஹDEᑖ
ᵨ9ஹG☘IJ⁐LᓄḄMIᨵ஺AஹpHBஹECஹᓄᑺDஹᢙP⊈⏚10ஹ%☢STUIVWᧇYḄᜩᯠUIo

62Aஹ@]᧖BஹefCஹ`abcUIDஹhiUIjஹkl
mn5X2's3ஹuvwḄLឋ2ஹyz{ᦪ3ஹ}ᔾ4ஹ█5ஹᡂᑖஹ⚪n5X4's1ஹឋᢓᑴᑺᨵᱯ᝞◀⏘Ḅᢓᑴᵨ2ஹ⏗
ᑖ'▤⏗
ḄᱥV3ஹ¡¢ᵨST£¤ᩭ¦ᑴ§¨©C?4ஹᢙᓄᑺḄᵨ«ᳮᨵST5ஹ®¯Ḅ°±²³´ᵨµஹ¶·⚪n10X11ஹᾦ⏚ḄB-ᓄḄᓄº᝞ᱥV»¼½¾V

63¿ÀÁÂᢈĺ▾20/20ºÇȺÉÉÊὃÌÍᓄºÎÌᔁB10ÐᔁÑÒ᪥ÑÒὃÌÔÕÒ100ᑖÖ⚪×(ØÙÚjµÛᑖÜᑖÝᑖÑ▅ᔁÑ᪶Ñ(ஹàán30X1's1ஹâãäIᙳVᵫçᔠèᡂḄ஺éVê᧖ὶìḄãäIᑣVᵫ᧖ὶìḄ஺2ஹîᾦïðᒹò,,஺3ஹuvwḄôᑖ³âõ)öᐭ6⏚╄ùúᵯ
w¡êüuvwô%ᩭöôý,þVM³ÿ
஺4ஹᐹᨵ⏘ᓄឋḄᢥᐸᡂᑖᐰ⏘=+஺5ஹ$EMP-TCA,-⌶/01ᑖ2ℍ⃔56ᡂᑖ2ATP஺6ஹᾙḄᡂ9:ᢣ;:᪀ᡂ>ᱥᾙ✏ABᕡḄD⌕ᡂᑖ0FGHI
JK6Ḅ,Mᡂ9ḄᾙᐹᨵNOḄ✏PBQḄRᕡ஺

647ஹ✏ⅥஹTUV✏PḄWᡂXYJ✏PᱥWᡂ⌶/JḄᐺ[Ḅ
஺8ஹ⏘\⋎^Ḅ_6Ḅᩩaᨵஹ஺9ஹbᔠdeᑺ1gᵫஹijᑖᡂ஺10ஹ6ᔛᡈXᵨno9ḄḄpq2rstJu0v⌕:wᐸJxᨵ,yᱥzᐭO|}~M;᜜0pXᱥJxᨵ,O|⃩ᱥḄᓄᔾᦈ஺ஹᑨ⚪(ioxr)1ஹ()1gᩭ$HAW,XYឋ஺2ஹ()ὁᓄ:ᓄḄ⌮
0ᓄᐙᑖὁᓄ}0ᐸ᪀ឮb6Ḅ᪀஺3ஹ()ᜩᯠ¡⏚£ᨵ1¤¥¦a-§¨2஺4ஹ()©ᱥᙠ|ᑁ~¬ᢝ⏚®¯⊝஺5ஹ()ஹ⏘ឋJ±:⏘ᑖ2Ḅ1²jᑖ஺6ஹ()⏘ᓄ³ᵨḄ´:Hµ¶ᓄ~஺7ஹ()ᱥᙠ·PJ¸¹ᙠ|ᑁḄ6ᱥºᓄḄᓄ»´:¼ᐰ½¾Ḅ0¿ᡠÁᔊḄÃ⌶¥¾஺8ஹ()O|ᑁÄÅƬ6ÇB6,rst¡⏚ÈÉÊË஺9ஹ()ᕡÌᵨÍÎÏÎB஺10ஹ()ℍ⃔ᳫÑXᱥJu0:ᵫℍ⃔ᳫÑᙠÒÓ
JᑖÔᑮÑÖ×᜜ḄØuÇst0ᦑÚ᤬ᐭℍ⃔ᳫÑÜ¥r_6Ju஺iஹᓫ⚗⌱à⚪(10XE)1ஹáᑡ§ãᓄᔠᱥJ⍗åã¥^⁐Ḅ:Aஹℍ⃔5BஹU5Cஹç5Dஹèéê52ஹ⊤ìíîᾦJḄðñᾦò⏚ḄᦪÍ஺AஹḂᓄõBஹỚõCஹ⏚÷Dஹºᓄõ3ஹø◤¡⏚:()þÿḄ஺AஹúᱥBஹ>ᱥCஹᱥᱥDஹᱥ4ஹ_6ûPüýÅÆᨵᐵ஺AஹBlBஹB2CஹB3DஹB55ஹ☢ᨵḄ஺AஹBஹ═CஹẬDஹ6ஹᑡᐵ⏘ᱯឋḄ!"#$ḄAஹ%ᓄᦔ᳛)Bஹ*+ឋ,Cஹ-ᵨᩩ01Dஹ2ᨵ34567%ᓄ897ஹ:ᾦ⏚=>ᓄஹ஺?ᓄ@ABᑖDᡂCO2H2஺Fᐳᡂᑖ5ATP»Aஹ38Bஹ129Cஹ131Dஹ1478ஹHᕡᑺᵞ₝╆NOḄHPQⅅSḄ50TFU7ⅅSᐳVWᵨᐸHPⅅSḄ100TFYZ[\]ᕡḄAஹ^_Bஹ`aCஹbᢙDde9ஹᑡ⁐ghឋ⁐Ḅ஺AஹijBஹ⊈lCஹm☘Dஹopqr10ஹstuvᑺ✌ᐜ9yz஺Aஹ{ᐰឋBஹ■ῖᦔCஹv◤Dஹst⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡḄ◤ஹ"⚗⌱⚪(101‘)1ஹᔠgḄᱯ஺Aஹᙠ-40C"BஹᐹᨵឋCஹ"-Q᜜ᩭhḄhᑺDஹ"ᱥᑭᵨ2ஹ.ᙠstvF〉¡¢ᜐᳮ¥

65Aஹstᜫ§⃩©Bஹᨵᑭst⌼«,PCஹᢓᑴᨵ⏘>ឋDஹ®¯°±ḄᑖD3ஹ²³´ᓄᑺᨵ஺Aஹᓫ¶·⏚ᵞ¸·Bஹ¹·Cஹº»⏣ᾦ½⏚·Dஹ¾·4ஹ¿ឋstḄᨵ஺AஹÀBஹÁÂCஹᜧÄDஹÅᾙ5ஹº»⏚^ᴁÈ⏚ῃÊ⏘Ḅᢓᑴ-ᵨFᢥᢓᑴoÌ9஺Aஹ"Í⌮ᢓᑴBஹÏÐÑឋᢓᑴCஹÐÑឋᢓᑴDஹÍ⌮ᢓᑴ6ஹᨵᐵℍ⃔SÔÕ⏘ḄᱯឋÖFᑡZ×Ø#$Ḅ஺AஹÙÚÛÜÔÕᑖ5ᑁÞgDa-1,4-S᧖áBஹÙÚâÜÔÕᑖ5ᑁÞgDa-1,4-S᧖áCஹÙÚÔÕᑖ5ḄÏãäឋåægDa-1,4-SçáDஹÙ"ègDa-1,4-S᧖áFãgDa-1,6-SÙáa-1,3-SÙá7ஹᾦ½⏚>ᓄ¥F?ᓄ8éêëF◤⌕ᑡ+Z⏘67஺Aஹᾦ⏒CoAῃÊ⏘Bஹîᾦ⏒CoAῃÊ⏘Cஹïᾦ⏒CoAgᔠ⏘Dஹ±D⏘8ஹ☢ᕡðñNᕡðḄᨵ஺Dஹ⏚BஹHCஹòDஹó9ஹôõm☘ö⁐dᓄḄ4ᨵ஺AஹpHBஹ1PCஹ?ᓄᑺDஹᢙ÷⊈⏚10ஹ☢øùústäᧇḄᜩᯠú஺AஹþÿBஹCஹDஹஹ5X2'
4ஹḄᵯ2ஹ⏘Ḅ◤3ஹᱥᓄ4ஹ"ᕡ5ஹ■ῖᑺ'ஹ()⚪5X4'
1ஹ+,-./0ᦪ2./0ᦪᨵ+,452

662ஹ7⏗9:ᑖ<=>▤@27⏗ḄABᱥC+,23ஹᜩᯠ⁐ᢥᩭJஹKឋᑖMᑖNOPQ2RᑖSᑡU⁐VW஺4ஹZ[■ῖᑺ■ῖᦔ]Ḅ^ᨵOP?5ஹN+,"abcdefghᵨ2jkl,ᜐᳮMophᵨ2qஹrs⚪10X1wx1ஹᾦz⏚ḄB-ᓄḄᓄ~9:᝞2BᱥC+,2C+,2hᓄ~⚪)ᫀhᓄ~⚪20063ᨴ

67hᢈ~▾20-20~ὃhᓄ~ᔁA1ᔁ)ᫀjஹ⚪0.5ᑖ5601⁐ஹᕡஹ᪀ஹ⃩¢£¤2¥7⏘¦D-ℍ⃔7ஹD-©¥730.01%¦ªஹ╍ஹ¬ஹồ4®ᯠ¯°ஹ±¯°ஹ²¯°ஹ³´¯°ஹµ¶ᓣ¸¯°5ᓄ¹º⏘ஹ»¼⏘ஹ½⏘ஹ¾ᔠ⏘ஹÀ᪀⏘ஹᔠᡂ⏘6Âᓄᔾᦈஹ»ᓄஹ᣸Æ7ῃÈ⏘ஹÉᔾÊ⌴ÌஹÍᓄ⏘838ஹ8ஹ6249ᐝᔠÏᵨஹᔾᦈÏᵨஹÉᔾÏᵨ10]ÐÑÒᑮᨬÕMh:Ö11×ØÙÚᑖ᪆ஹ⁐Üᑖ᪆ÝÞ12ßஹàஹ⏚ஹá13ᕡḄâãஹᕡḄäåஹᕡḄæᢙᕡḄôõ14èᵬஹᵬê⏚15ë⁐ஹì⁐ஹᑖö÷᪀16íî₎✏⏚¦ñíîᵬò:øhö⏚ùú¦ûü'⏣'þ⏚úᡈ⏣⏚17ᵞℍ⃔᧖183-⏚ஹᑨ⚪
1ᑖX101(X)2(V)3(X)4(X)5(V)6(7)7(X)8(7)9(X)10(V)ஹᓫ⚗⌱⚪1ᑖX101A2D3B4D5A6B7D8B9D10B!ஹ"#⚗⌱1ᑖ$101BD2AC3AB4CD5BC

686CD7AB8AC9AB10AC%ஹ&'()2ᑖX51ᙠ+ᨵ-ᓄᔠᱥ1ᙠḄᩩ456789:;<=ᰚ?6ᙠ@ABCD6ᑖ(EᓄFᡂH⋎⁐Ḅᯖ,MNᯖᓄOP.2ᵫSᦪUVWᡂḄXYZᱥᑖ[\ᔠ]^ᡂᱯ#`ᓄaᵨḄcdefg3hᐹᨵᩔklmᱥᡈᢓᑴᐸrsaᵨḄᱥt஺4vᱥwxyz{:ᑮ}ᓄ6~ᾙmᨬᵨ᝱ḄC஺5ᾦ⏚C⏘`ᓄaYB[dḄஹB-[Ḅᓄ6ᑗ5ᓫ(ḄMNᾦ⏚ḄBᓄ஺ஹ⚪4ᑖX51Vmax[S]V=---------------------------
2ᑖ[S]+KmKm⏘Ḅᱯᦪ6Y⏘Ḅ¡¢ᨵᐵ6Y⏘Ḅ¤A¥ᐵ஺Km¦⏘§OP¨A©ᑮᨬᜧOP¨A«DḄZᱥ¤A6¬Ḅᓫmol/L஺OP⏘8ZᱥḄ®8¯6Km°e6Zᱥ8⏘Ḅ®8¯°ᜧ஺2ᖪ²³ᵨ᳝µ¶·Nᧇ6✌ᐜ~ᵨ?-¶·⏘¶·¼(6½ᓄ¶·6~ᐸ¾A¿¨56Àᵨℍ⃔¶·⏘Á¼(6ÃᑮÄÅÆḄD-ℍ⃔y6ᨬy~ᵨℍ⃔Ç᪀⏘7ℍ⃔Ç᪀ᡂD-É6ᨬyÃᑮ58%D-ℍ⃔842%D-ÉᡂḄ᳝µ96ÊÉ᳝µ9ḄD-ÉËÌ©ᑮ55%,¬ÍÎ}ÏᧇḄÐᕡᑺ஺31@A⌱Ó1@ADPYᔜ¡¼ÉÕÖ×ᢝÙmᳮ᝱ḄᨬÛ〉Ý@AÞ஺2ßAàá56×ᢝ¼ÉÕÖḄâ᛻ḄäßAN80%—90%3ᜧåᡂḄæçèSå6r<ᓄ6éê×ᢝ¼ÉÕÖḄëì᝱஺4íîïðñlmᱥòó5ôᱥõḄö÷YøᔾúAḄᐵû6üᔣᡂþḄÉÕøᔾúAÛ஺51ᕈᕡᱥḄ2ᨬḄᕡ10-403ᕡᱥḄᵨᒹᕡḄஹᕡḄஹᕡḄᢙᕡḄஹ!⚪#10ᑖ%1&'#1()⏚()⏚+Ḅᵨ'1ᾙᑴ./⁐2ᾙᑴ.■ῖ334ᾙᑴ.ᱯ6Ḅᕡ#278ᵨ'()⏚+9:ᾙᑴ.;Ḅ<=⏚>?@ᡂ()=ᓄᔠᱥDᐸ()FN-()FᐹᨵIJឋIᶚឋ஺
3⚜■OP'1ᦋRSTU2VWᵨXYZ[Wᵨ\Y3ᦋS.]^_`4S.]^a]ᐭcdᑺᢓᑴᑺ᝞ᢙh⊈⏚jஹklmE,nᓄᔠᱥoapᔛrst#᝞uᲦ᪻jxₐz9⚜■()⏚()⏚+{|9}⌼ᡂḄ78ᵨ஺

69S.ᢈ▾20-20ὃS.ᓄᔁA2ᔁ&ᫀஹ⚪#0.5ᑖX601a-1,4-᧖3-1,4-᧖2<⏚#Gluஹᜩ<⏚
Aspஹ£<⏚(Lys)ஹ¾<⏚#Arg3ᦔḄᓄឋḄ¤ឋஹ¿ÀÁឋ9⁚ឋ4ᵞᾦ¦⏚5ஹ╍Ãஹồ6ញឋ;7ஹ᠒ឋ;7IÄᵨஹIᶚᵨஹIJᵨ7⏚ஹ©ஹÅஹÆஹ½ஹÍஹÝ8lᱥᔠᡂஹ⏘«>?ஹÇᓄᵨஹᑖÈᵨ஺9╅¯10¬⏚+ஹ⏚ឋ+ᡈᨵÏ⏚ஹ×ᑺ11┛®¯°±ஹ⊈ÐmѯஹÒ¯ឋÓ⊈;Ớᵬ³´µᜧ#ᜧᾴ±¸j;Mg2+K+Na+CI-12º|»ᔠ`Ôὶ`ᒹÙ`13¼½ᕡÖ½ᕡ14VDVAஹVE15⏚ÉᕒËஹᜧஹ(ஹ((ஹᙠ((;ḄÛÜÞஹᑨà⚪#1ᑖ%101(X)2(ஹ/)3(X)4(7)5(V)6(X)7(ஹ/)8(7)9(V)10(X)áஹᓫ⚗⌱å⚪#1ᑖX101A2B3D4A5C6A7D8B9B10Aæஹ¿Á⚗⌱å#1ᑖX101AB2AB3AB4AD5BD6AB7CD8AB9AC10ABçஹèéÈê#2ᑖ%51{|¿}ᔠᡂëì}ᵫSᱥîïḄ<=⏚஺ᑖð!ILysPheVaiMetTrpLeulleThr
His2⏘òó;ìᨵVᦪᱯÁḄ<=⏚õ=Ḅö÷=ø⏘Ḅᓄùឋᨵúûᐵýþrÿ
⏘Ḅ◤
3ஹᾦᨵᱥᙠᱥḄᓄᑖ!"ᔾ4ᙠ$Ḅᩩ&'(⁐Ḅ*Ḅ+,-./0,-ᡂ23⁐Ḅᱥ⊈⁐஺567ᡈ9:;<ᓄ=>?;<@ḄABឋ9DEFGḄ;

702
ᓄbRS:pHO᝞e⏚eghᨵiO᝞j⏚khᨵiᑺO᝞l⏣nohpqrsᐸjO᝞uஹv⏚wh3MTVmax[S]V=--------------------------<2ᑖh[S]+KmKmx⏘Ḅᱯz{ᦪ}~⏦Ḅᨵᐵ⏘Ḅᐵ஺Kmx⏦ᑮᨬᜧ~ḄᱥḄᓫxmol/L஺⏘ᱥḄKmᱥ⏘Ḅᜧ஺4MT1
ᕈᕡᱥḄ2
ᨬḄᕡx10-403
ᕡᱥ¡Ḅ¢£¤ᵨᒹ§ᕡḄ¨©ஹᕡḄ¢ªஹᕡḄ«ᢙᕡḄ®5MT1
T⌱°EFᔜX²³´µᢝ·{ᳮ¸᝱Ḅᨬº〉¼¢½஺2
¾T¿{ÀÁ'µᢝX²³´ḄÂ᛻Ḅ¢¨¾80%—90%3
ᜧÄ6ᡂḄPQTÅÆÄÇI0ᓄÈÉ=µᢝX²³´ḄÊ˸᝱஺4
ÌÍÎsÏᱥÐÑ5
Òᱥ67ḄÓG"ᔾeḄᐵÔÕᔣᡂ×Ḅ²³"ᔾeº஺ØஹÙÚ⚪O10ᑖXI
MT1
ᱥḄᓄTÛ2ÅÆÉiឋÜ@ᓣ?2
ḄᓄTᑖÞ⏚3
⁐SᱥḄᓄTßàSÅÆá☘SãäåSḄÜ@ÇI4
ᓫæᱥḄᓄTᓅᓄÜ@ᙠèºX²Ḅéᕡèº5
²êᱥḄᓄT²êèX²ëᕡ6
ì✏ᱥîᡂTïð²³ᱥᱯñḄ✏Ä7
VCᓄTᡂ×G¡ᜧ@òóôxᙠõF*öèR÷ø⃩úbûü²³ý¼þEÿᐸ
8
ᨵ⏚Ḅᓄᡂᙠ

71ᢈ▾20-20!ὃ#$ᓄ%#ᔁB1ᔁ'ᫀ)ஹ+,⚪.0.5ᑖX60
10ஹ123ஹᾦ52ⅅ0.⏘8ஹℍ⃔0ஹ;03ⅅ0ஹ<=0ஹ>?04@ABᓄ⏦ஹᵞEஹᾦ5⏚5FGஹᾙGஹ1GIJ;ஹஹK᝘6⏘ḄMᵨOᱥஹQRḄឋ37⊈U12ஹVU128W⏗Yஹ?0⏘9a-Z[⏘ஹa-1,4-0ᵞ]ஹℍ⃔0Z[⏘ஹa-1,4-0᧖]ஹa-1,6-0✌]10☠aᦔRஹcᔣᦔRஹefMᵨஹ⏚ghᓄMᵨஹᐳjhᓄMᵨI☠aᦔRஹcᔣᦔR11aBᓄஹBBᓄஹ3Bᓄ12lBᑖmஹᨵBᑖm13ᕡoஹpoஹqoஹroIᕡoஹpo14⏓✏uஹv✏uஹw✏u15gឋxyᑺஹ⏚ឋxyᑺஹ{ᔠxyᑺஹ}ᱥxyᑺ16ᔠᡂ~ஹᑖm~172ஹ■⋎ஹ■ῖஹᢙBᓄஹᑨ⚪1ᑖX10
1(X)2(X)3(X)4(7)5(V)6(V)7(X)8(X)9(7)10(V)ஹᓫ⚗⌱⚪.1ᑖX10
1A2A3A4D5B6A7A8B9B10Aஹc⚗⌱.1ᑖX10
1AD2AB3AC4AB5CD6AC7AC8CD9AB10ABஹm.2ᑖX5
1)᪵JᑖP)rJḄ⛳P0஺Aw=P/P02lhᓄ¢ឋḄ⏘ᑖ£¤¥⏘¦3ℍ⃔0lBᑖm¥ᑁ¨⏚Ḅ)©ᑡᓄᓄ«¬¤ℍ⃔0Ḅ⏗m⌶®

724¯°⏚Ḅa-¯°¨⏚Ḅa-¨°ᙠ±¯⏘ḄMᵨ²³´ᣚ«¶¦ᩭḄa-¯°⏚¥²RḄa-¨⏚«a-¨⏚±¥²RḄa-¯°⏚«¸¤¥±¯°Mᵨ஺5¥ᦋᗐ3⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡ«¼½¥■ῖ¾¿¿ÀḄ◤⌕þᐭḄᓄᔠᡂḄᡈὅᜩᯠḄᱥ3஺ÉஹÊ'⚪.4ᑖX511°ËQRᱥ̦0ஹÍί°⏚ᡈὅ123ÏḄÍί°½)cÐḄJ஺2ÑÒÓÔ
1pH,7.8~9.2ÕÖᨬØ
20Ù᪀ḄÑÒ⋎¥D-ᩈ0?L-ÝÞß0?à0?0஺.3áâΣCuFeãhᓄMᵨ«¥Fe
lll?Fe
ll2;¾¿äåḄæ⌕çḄ
¶ᐸËèḄᑁé⏘ᜫ¢«¼ë¸ì⏘íã;⁐îïᕡḄᓄ஺ðBᓄᱥ⏘M¥;äå
ᔲᐙᑖḄᢣ᪗
Ó¥.1Bᓄᱥ⏘
õöὊäḄ⏦«Bᓄᱥ⏘ᜫ¢øᕡḼᐸú⏘ûüýᜫ¢I.2Bᓄᱥ⏘þÿᙠᡠᨵḄᱥᨵᓄᱥ⏘3ᓄᱥ⏘Ḅឋᙳ!"ஹ$%஺31'(Ḅ)ᓄឋ2'(Ḅ+,ឋ3⏘-ឋḄ./ឋ4⏘-ឋḄ0⁚ឋ51ᓄ⏚3Ḅ456ᾦ8☄:;<=>?@ᓄAᵨCDEF.៝$Ḅ;ᕡ஺2IJKL5ᐝ᯿ஹOஹPᑖ-(ஹRSTUVஹ⊈XLஹᓄ⏘ஹ;Y(Zஹ[\⚪10ᑖXI1?,_`⏘a%ᙢAᵨ_`ᑖVᑁdḄ?,1,4,efᑖVa%ghi(jklmᓄAᵨnopq_`ḄᨬsCᱥtuvwஹℍ⃔wzuvwK{.|P}~,1,6,e஺_`⏘-ឋ┛UVᨵᐵB—_`⏘⌲ᑗguvwᑖV{.|P}?,1,6,e.|?,1,6,eK|ᑗgᑖp᜜ḄdᑖCDe_`50%—60%Ḅuvwᒕdᑖ▲஺Aᵨ.◤⌕£¤KV஺ℍ⃔w_`⏘ᑗg,ℍ⃔wᑖV{¥|P}?,1,4,e|P}?,1,6,?,1,3,e,KAᵨ§qq_`¨©{ªᐰdP}ℍ⃔w஺

73¬®¯°±ᢈ³´▾20-20¶·´¸¸¹ὃ»¼®¯ᓄ´½»ᔁB2ᔁ¿ᫀ,ஹÁ:⚪0.5ᑖX60
1Vmax[S]V=-------------------------[S]+Kmஹ⏘ÂᱥḄÃឋᜧkஹ⏘ÅÆÇ%(ÈᑮᨬᜧÆÇ%(,ʨḄÂᱥY(2ᐳÌÍᔠÏஹUVÍᔠÏஹᱥᳮᔾ▬Ï3Ó⏒Õῃ×⏘ஹØL᪶ᵞ⏚Ûῃ×⏘ஹ£⏘QஹÜÝ⁐Lஹßàáâ஺4ᓄῃãäAᵨஹᓄῃãäAᵨஹὶᔠῃãäAᵨæç᪶ᵞ⏚è5a-_`⏘ஹa-1,4-wᵞeஹℍ⃔w_`⏘ஹaê4-w✌eஹa-1,6-w᧖e6☠îᦔÇஹᔣᦔÇஹñòAᵨஹ⏚ó)ᓄAᵨஹᐳÌ)ᓄAᵨ;☠îᦔÇஹᔣᦔÇ7aᓄஹBᓄஹ3ᓄ8öᑖ}ஹᨵᑖ}9ᕡ÷ஹø÷ஹù÷ஹú÷ᕡ÷ஹø÷10⏓✏ýஹY✏ýஹþ✏ýஹ,ÿ✏
11ឋᑺஹ⏚ឋᑺஹᔠᑺஹᱥᑺ12ஹஹᾦ13ⅅ⏘ஹℍ⃔ஹ14ⅅஹஹ15!ᓄ⏘ஹᵞ$ஹᾦ⏚16⊈&ஹ'&(ஹᑨ*⚪1ᑖ-10
1(X)2(X)3(X)4(V)5(V)6(X)7(.)8(V)9(X)10(X)0ஹᓫ⚗⌱4⚪1ᑖX10
1A2B3D4C5C6C7A8A9A10D5ஹ67⚗⌱41ᑖ-10
1AD2AB3BD4AD5AB6AC7AB8CD9AC10AB8ஹ9:;<2ᑖ-5
1=>ᙠ@᜜BCDᑁᔾᐝḄIJ2K!ᔠ'&ᡈ⊈&ᙠᨵ!ḄᩩOPQR.STUឋ.⊈&VḄ(WXUY0WX,ᡂu⋎⁐ḄU'&.[Y'⁐஺3^_`aᡈ^_bB`ឋᡂᑖ`deab.fgᕡi.jkfgᕡlmno⌴ᑮᜧᾯᕡlbt,nᜧᾯᑖ᪆xḄ

74yz{l஺4|}ᱥᑖ;.~ᱥᓄY᜜ᱥḄ}5`aᙠᡈὅdḄᩩOP.Uᜧ..U6.k.z[YḄὁᓄ஺ஹ⚪4ᑖX51SY¡$⏚¢6⛳¤ᾦ⏚.ᾦ⏚¢⛳¤ᾦ⏚஺6⛳¤ᾦ⏚ᙠ¥P¦§¨᧕ª«!ᓄ¤ᐝ¬!ᓄ,k⛳¤ᾦ⏚ᙠP®ª¯℉Ḅ!ᓄ±²஺21UឋḄ7-³ᑮ᜜´ᱥᳮᡈᓄ¶SVḄ·ᵨ.¹Ḅᱥᳮឋஹᓄ¶ឋ¤ᱥ¶ឋªᦋUḄ}2»¼SV1ᱥᳮSVRஹ☟¾¿ஹÀᑗஹÂ᯿ஹÄÅÆ
2ᓄ¶SV:pH᝞É⏚¤ÉᨵÊ`᝞Ë⏚'ÌᨵÊ`ᑺ᝞Í⏥¤ÏÐÑÒÓÔᐸËÖ᝞×ஹØ⏚Ù31!ᓄ⏚ÚḄ7-$ᾦÛ☄dÝÞb«jß!ᓄ·ᵨ.xàá6៝ãḄÞᕡ஺2»¼SVᐝ᯿ஹRஹ¾ᑖäஹÑÒÓåæஹ⊈&Vஹ!ᓄ⏘ஹ!Þç஺51Ḅèᓄឋ2Ḅéyឋ3⏘äឋḄ6ê7ឋ4⏦äឋḄBì⁚ឋîஹïð⚪10ᑖ-11ñḄ⏘ò⋎U¢ᢣ!ᓄ⏘ôõḄ⋎U஺!ᓄ⏘èᓄñbḄÖᱥªöIᓄ±²¤!ᓄ±²ᡂ÷-ùúÖᓄᔠᱥ஺÷-ùúÖᓄᔠᱥjyû!ᓄ¤üᔠýᡂþ⁐V஺þ⁐VḄýᡂ¢ÿ✏Ⅵஹஹ᪻ஹஹ↣ஹᦿḄ⋎Ḅ஺■!"#ᓄ⏦⏦&⋎Ḅ'(ᨵ*+,-!"#ᓄ⏘ᜫ0஺1◀34Ḅ02,ᓽ67ῃ9ᜐᳮ஺<+ᢙ>⊈⏚ஹAB⏚CDEᓄᔠᱥHIឋᱥK஺LMNOP-RSIᡂUᱥVWX■Y⁐[Ḅ\ᡂ஺<+EDTAஹᢙ>⊈⏚ஹAB⏚]^Eᓄᔠᱥ-⏦ᜫ0஺ᐸ4ᢙ>⊈⏚Nẚ>!"#ᓄ⏘Ḅ0ឋab4Ḅcd⏚eE,XEDTAஹAB⏚]DEᓄᔠᱥN◀1⏘Ḅ0ឋab4ḄCu2+஺ghpH஺pHhi4jV!"#ᓄ⏘Ḅ0kᜧᜧgh஺mnopqrᢈtu▾20-20uwxuyὃ{|opᓄu}A3{ᔁᫀஹ⚪1ᑖ60=30ᑖ1ஹᑖஹᱥK2ஹℍ⃔ஹ3ஹஹ⌴ஹᑖஹ4ஹᵯஹᵯcd⏚

755ஹ"Va"V[B56ஹᜧᐗ[ஹᐗ[0.01%7ஹ8ஹ⏘ஹ⏘VE*ᦔḄ¢ᓄឋஹ£Ḅ¤ឋ9ஹ¥¦⏚ஹ§⏚ஹ¨⏣10ஹªஹ«ஹ⏚ஹ¬ஹᑨ¯⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖIX2V3X4V5V6V7V8X9X10X°ஹᓫ⚗⌱´⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖIC2A3C4A5A6B7A8C9A10Bµஹ¶⚗⌱´⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1AC2ABC3AC4ABC5BD6AB7ABC8AD9ABCD10AB·ஹ¸¹º2ᑖX5=10ᑖ1ஹᑖ0£*⊤¼᪵p4Ḅᑖ¾¿ÀPÁÂãÄÅḄḄ⛳¾¿ᑖÀP0ÇÈ஺ᓽAW=P/P0஺2ஹ§ᓄ*-ÉᔣËḄÌÍÎÏ᝞Ñ4ḄÍᕈÓÔᑖᦣᑮ×ÍÎÏ4ØÙ§ᓄVᐸ4!ḄÎÏØÙÚÛÜVÝḄᑣØÙᑖᦣÜ஺3ஹ⏚ß*41gÑᾦ4áâᾦã⏚ᡠ◤⌕ḄKOHḄçèᦪØÙ⏚ß஺4ஹ⏘êᵫ0ìíḄᐹᨵᦔ¢ᓄNk¢ᓄ¤ឋḄKVïᩭñÝaᑖḄRNAòᐹᨵ⏘ḄឋK஺5ஹêᵨᱥᳮᡈὅᓄuḄ'(VO⏘ᑖö÷øᙠúÏûV-ᐸüᢝ⏘ḄᜩᯠឋᑖᵨḄ⏘⏘ᑴᑺḄᑺ஺ஹ!"4ᑖX5=20ᑖ#1ஹ$ᔠ&Ḅᱯ()-40࠷+,-,.$/0,.12ᑺ0,.345ᱥᑭᵨ஺8ᵫ&Ḅᱯ()-40࠷+,-.$/0.12ᑺ0.345ᱥᑭᵨ0:;<=>2ஹ?@ᾦBCḄDE
1FGHῃJ"FGKᣵ@ᩖN#"ῃJO⌕ᢣῃKRᾦ#"2ῃ⏚"HTῃKᾦU⏚#"3ῃ⁐"ᔾ▬◀K⁐Z#"4ῃ["=\]^◀K_ᕡ#3ஹab┛ᔾᦈḄeZ)
1f5ZD
2ghN"3ijᢓᑴ┛ᔾᦈḄeZ
1₝⏚"2m⏚"3ᾦU⏚4ஹᨬ〉pq)⏘rᢵᨬᜧuqḄpq஺vwpqy)ᙠw{|Hwᩩ~+,⏘ឋᡈ᩽>ឋḄpqy஺5ஹ1ᨵ5ᡠ◤.ḄO⌕⌶2jஹᾦஹghNᱥNHᓄḄ3ᡂ⌕Ḅᱥ4r⏗ᱥᓄḄ⌶ஹ?⚪"10ᑖXl=10ᑖ#1ஹ⏘a⋎ᳮH⏦a⋎Ḅ£ᑴ¤¥⏘a⋎ᳮmᱥḄ¦§ᱥNᙠ¦⏘¨©ᓄᱥ⏘Ḅªᓄ+ᓄᡂ««¬b®⏘a5ᡂ⋎⁐Ḅ⁐Z⏘a⋎Ḅ£ᑴ1ஹ°ᜐᳮT

7670-95࠷7S᝞³°ᜐᳮ,´µ¶ᯠẚ¹º»¼Ḅ$᪀¾⏘¿À3ẚ¹Áᨵᑭ⏘HµᱥḄÂÃÁab⋎஺2ஹ⏚ᜐᳮTPH<3.0ᢓᑴḄr50.5%ÄÅ⏚+0.3%VCᦔ³ÇÈ3ஹSO2¨ÉÊ⏚ËḄᜐᳮSO210PPMÌᐰᢓᑴ¦⏘¾eᢵrHÎÏᜫ{▭ᵨ300Ò600PpM,⌕ÓᡂÔÕᶇ×20MG/KGØ()ᵨÙஹᦔ³☠ஹᡂÛÜÝ()ÞÔßhஹᨵῖ⇨ឋH,៝ãḄᕡ⍝ஹẚ¹Vb,4ஹåTVcNaCIÄÅ⏚j2æç5ஹµᱥᦋᑭᵨᵬêë⏘ìµᱥᵬêᓄ■î⋎ï;µᱥ§ðᱥñòឋᢓᑴ⏘ḄឋóôÞÔõöᢈøù▾20~20ùûüùýýþὃ
ᓄᔁA4ஹ1ᑖ30=30ᑖ1ஹCஹHஹO2ஹḄឋ3ஹஹᑖᦣ4ஹឋஹᾦឋ"ᱥஹ$ᵨஹ&5ஹ⏘Ḅ()*+ឋ",-.ᱥ/0"1᪆ᡈᑖ45676ஹ89:0,ᨬᜧ89:0>?@Aᦪ>.ᱥ/07ஹCᓄῃ᷊FGHῃI8ஹJ⁐L>CᓄMᵨ9ஹNOஹPOஹQR"S⏘ஹᢙU⊈⏚Cᓄ⏘ஹ6Cᓄᱥ⏘10Xᵬ⏚Zஹ[\⏚]ஹ^ஹᑨ`⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖ1X2X3X4V5V6V7X8X9V10Xஹᓫ⚗⌱e⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖID2A3C4B5C6A7D8A9A10Cfஹg+⚗⌱e⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖABDF"I"H"M"LN"JKhஹijkl2ᑖX5=10ᑖ1ஹᓫmnop᪀rḄstuvwxyz⏣ᡈὅS}~vwḄᓄᔠᱥῃᡂtuᱥ>ᱥm᧖஺mᱥ஺2ஹ6ᱥᳮஹᓄᡈὅᱥᓄ>ᜩᯠḄᑖp᪀Fᜩᯠឋ+Ḅᦋ>,ᐸᡈ¡¢Ḅᱯ¤¥ᑴᜓḄ¨஺3ஹḄឋMᵨ©ᑮ᜜¬ᱥᳮᡈᓄḄMᵨ>®ḄᱥᳮឋஹᓄឋFᱥឋJᦋ>¯6°±²³ឋMᵨ4ஹ´ᱥrḄSµᱥᙠS⏘·6Cᓄᱥ⏘Ḅ¸ᓄ¹Cᓄᡂº>º»¼½¾89ᡂ⋎⁐Ḅ⁐5ஹᢣᙠ¨ஹ-Á}6°r>ᦋᗐᙢ·ᐸ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡ>ᦋᗐp᪀>■ÇCᓄஹῖÉF-Á◤⌕¥Ꮇ᝞Ḅµᱥ஺

77ÎஹÏÐ⚪4ᑖX5=20ᑖ1ஹGÑᵫℍ⃔mᓫÕᡠ×ᡂ>ᵫa—ℍ⃔mÙ6a-1,4mÚÛH¥ᡂḄÜÑᑖ4஺ÝÑÞᑖÝḄßm>ᙠÝÑᑖ4rḄa-D-ℍ⃔mà᪵ya—1,4m✌ÛH>ᑖÝᵫa—1,6m᧖ÛH¥ᡂḄ஺mᐗäᨵ߯a-D—ℍ⃔mH¥ᡂḄ>µæÝÑ>g6mᐗÝÑçß>çè>éæᳫ஺2ஹEMP-TCAḄë9ìíC6H12O6—EMP-TCA_6C02+4ATP+2FADH2+10
NADH+H+3ஹ
1®ᨵ⁐ᱥîïð⁐ᱥ>¥®ñ⁐"
2®Cᓄ⏘ᜫó¥■Ç⏘¾⋎"3ᢓᑴMaillard89஺4ஹõr✏öᡂḄ⌶ø஺
1ᱥᔠᡂ2⏘¾89GH⏘Mᵨ3CᓄMᵨùH⏘Mᵨ4ú)ᑖkMᵨ5ஹ⏘ḄMᵨᱯûíᑁᑗ⏘>þᑖ4ᑁÿ
a1,4᧖
a1,6஺6-⏘Ḅᵨᱯ:᜜ᑗ⏘
a-1,4᧖
a-1,6ᵞ஺ℍ⃔⏘Ḅᵨᱯ᜜ᑗ⏘
a-1,4᧖a-1,6᧖⏘Ḅᵨᱯᑁᑗ⏘
!"ᡈὅ%Ḅa6✌஺'ஹ)*⚪,10ᑖXl=ioᑖ.1ஹ/)*ᙠ1⁐345ᜮ789:1Ḅ;<=ᳮ஺:1;<=ᐸᳮ
1@A:1B1CᙠAឋE᛻9GHI᝞KAឋL7ᡂB1⏚ḄOPQPRS1⁐஺
2LTUVWXLTYB1C9ḄZ[ᑖ
7ᡂB1⏣ஹᵬ⏣=
^ឋḄB1⏚_⏚ᕈa1⁐bcdeGH஺fVLTgᓄB1
⏘Yᐸᜫjkឋ■mB1CḄ
஺,3@ᐭoPpPᵨq⏚oᜐᳮsᡂGHḄoB1CYᐸtᢝ1⁐

78vwxyz{ᢈ}~▾20-20~~ὃ/xyᓄ~B3/ᔁᫀஹ⚪,1ᑖX30=30ᑖ.1ஹᵫ
ஹᔠ
2ஹℍ⃔K3ஹ"!"I⁐⁐I⁐4ஹCIஹ%5ஹ⁐ᓄᔠᱥI⏚⏚6ஹ^7ஹ¡Iᜧᾴ¤¡IẬ8ஹ⏘Ḅ¦TGHឋI§¨I§⏘I⏘~©ᕒ«9ஹ¬⏚I®⏒§⏘AI°±⏚²EICO2IH2O10ஹ´ᱥµImoL/L¶ஹᑨ¸⚪1ᑖX10=10ᑖ.1V2V3X4V5X6X7V8X9V10Xஹᓫ⚗⌱¼⚪,1ᑖX10=10ᑖ.1A2B3D4B5A6A7A8B9A10A½ஹH⚗⌱¼⚪,1ᑖX10=10ᑖ.1BD2D3AC4BCD5AD6D7B8ACD9AD10D¾ஹ¿ÀÁ,2ᑖX5=10ᑖ.1ஹᔠ
SᢣxyḄÃ
ÄᑖÅ
ÆÇÈᔠḄ
஺ÆÉSᢣÊᙠË^ᡈᐸÌÃ
Äᑖ▬ÎḄÏ[ᑖ
஺ᵫ
SᢣÄÐஹÑÒᡈÑÒÓ◣9Õ᧕×Ḅ
஺2ஹØᾦÈᓄSᙠÚᓄᑺ,PtᡈNi
ḄᵨÜ°⏒¨ᵞØḄ⛳ᾦÞ⏚ßÅÈà7@ᡂáâḄÇãØᾦḄäå@æ;<ᙠØᾦæ{9Sçè⌕Ḅ஺100gØᾦᔾᦈỚḄíᦪïðỚñ3ஹ⏘Ḅkឋ9òᵫóᦪô◤¨öÄᡂḄÅ´ᱥᑖ¤ᔠ÷øᡂᱯHÚᓄáâḄÓùúûïð⏘Ḅkឋ9ò஺4ஹ⏗Sýℍ⃔þð¬⏚÷ÿḼATPᡂḄᑡᱥᑁᙠḄℍ⃔Ḅ⌶஺⌶Embden-Meyethof-Parnas⌶EMP⌶5ஹᾦ"⏚ᙠᑁ$ᓄ&ᙠ'()ḄB-*+,-./$ᓄ*0⌲234523678*ᓫ:;<⏒CoA,>?P-$ᓄ஺@ஹAB4ᑖX5=20ᑖD1ஹ1
EFG᦮ᳮB2
JᜐᳮB3
ῃMB4
NOB5
PQ2ஹRᱥSTUVWX᪀ᡂZ[\G]ᢝ_`ᳮabḄc⌕ᱥS஺᪷fᐸᙠᱥᑁḄhijkᑖUliᐗnGᜧiᐗnpqrG⃩tḄuvTᑖUw◤ᐗnஹyw◤ᐗnGᨵ{ᐗn஺3ஹ|⏘aឋᨵḄnᨵᱥvஹ⏘vஹpHஹvஹᢓᑴᑺGaᑺ஺4ஹ⏘ᢝᨬᜧaḄpHU⏘ᨬ〉pH஺ᙠḄᩩ6⏘ᑖ,᪀ᢝឤ⏘aឋᜫᡈὅ᩽¡ᜫḄpH£U⏘Ḅ⏚¤¥£஺5ஹ■§¨©nᜫḄª©«¬B1
¤ª©2
®¯&°±B3
ᐭ³XG´Xµஹ¶·⚪B10ᑖ¹1=10ᑖD

791ஹy⏘⋎¼Ḅ½ᑴWᳮG½ᑴ¾¿ᙠqrÀÁÂÃÄ`ÅÆ⏘VᐵḄ⋎¼ᵨÉÊ⋎¼`ËJÃÂÌÍÎḄÀÏÅy⏘⋎¼Ð⌕ᨵÑÊWᑴ஺
1ÒÓ⋎¼ᵨÔÕÖB×ÕÖDB2ᯖᓄ⋎¼ᵨ
3ᢙÚ⊈⏚⋎¼ᵨy⏘⋎¼ÜjᵨஹS02ஹᦋ¼PHÞஹßᡂrvஹᵨÌ᧕Å⋎¼ḄáBⅅD«¬kãäÂᢓᑴ஺åæqrçèᢈêë▾20/20ëíîëÎÎïὃñòqrᓄëóñᔁB4AᫀஹöB1ᑖX30=30ᑖD1ஹ÷ᵫMஹᔠMúûü¬2ஹCஹHஹ0ஹNஹPஹS3ஹa-ýþÿᓄ
4ஹᾦᾦ⏚5ஹ6ஹᾙஹᱥஹ7ஹ⏘Ḅឋ⏚ஹᵬ⏣ᾦ⏚ஹᵞ"8ஹ#⁐%9ஹ&ᔠ(ᵨ10ஹᜩᯠ,ᙠḄ./ᱥ01Ḅ.234ᓄ501Ḅ.67894:ᡂḄ.஺=ஹᑨ?⚪
1ᑖX10=10ᑖB1J2X3X4J5J6J7X8J9J10Jஹᓫ⚗⌱F⚪G1ᑖxio=ioᑖBIC2B3C4B5C6D7A8D9D10AHஹIJ⚗⌱F⚪G1ᑖX10=10ᑖB1ஹBCEADFJHGILஹMNOPG2ᑖQ5=10ᑖB1ஹḂᓄS1g"ᾦTᐰḂᓄᡠ◤⌕ḄKOHḄYZᦪ஺2ஹᙠ\Jᩩ^_`aᑖbcdᡈfgbhijk:ᡂlmnop᪀rcᑺtᑖbᐙvᙠnwḄl◣4ᡂyᜫ{|}ឋḄ~fofyQ஺ᓄḄ89ᡂy஺3ஹᢣIᩔ/ᱥᢓᑴ/ᱥḄ/}ᐸ/Ḅᱥdᩔ/ᱥḄᱥd஺4ஹd/ᡂ⋎⁐ᱥdḄ89஺5ஹᢣᙠ23/ஹ67ஹ¡¢£¤¥894yᦋᗐ23dᙢᐸ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡᦋᗐ23p᪀■¬23&ᓄஹῖ®dy67◤⌕rᎷ᝞23Ḅ\ᱥd஺±ஹ²³⚪G4ᑖX5=20ᑖB1ஹ
1´µ¶G2·¸¶G3¹º¶G4»¼ᑖg¶2ஹ½¾»¿À᪀ᡂÁfÂᢝÄÅ/ᳮ}ḄÇ⌕ᱥd஺᪷ÉÊËᑖyᜧËᐗËᐗÎ23⃩ÐḄÑ\ÒÓÔᱥdᑖyÕ◤ᐗஹÖÕ◤ᐗᨵ.ᐗ஺3ஹC6Hl2O6+2NAD++2ADP+2Pi?2C3H4O3+2NADH+2H++2ATP+2H

804ஹℍ⃔Ú⏗O/ᡂÜÝ⏚ÜÝ⏚¾&&ᓄ/ᡂÞ⏣ᡈὅà⏚ᨵ&&ᓄ/ᡂÞ⏒COA,Úâã⏚äå/ᡂC02H20஺5ஹᕡḄæçᕡḄèᢙᕡḄêëᕡḄìíஹîï⚪G10ᑖX1=10ᑖB1ஹîï23⋎Ḅ»ᳮ³ð⏘ñ⋎ðòᱥ4Ḅóᱥdᙠó⏘8&ᓄᱥ⏘Ḅôᓄ_&ᓄᡂõ⏨÷øùÖ⏘ñ/ᡂ⋎⁐Ḅ⁐⏘ñ⋎Ḅâᜧᩩ^ðúᱥ⏥&üÖ⏘⋎ðᙠ23ýþ674Åÿ
⏘ᐵḄ⋎ᵨ⋎Ḅ⏘⋎⌕ᨵᑴ஺1#$%&⋎ᵨ'()*+,)*-%&2ᯖ/ᓄ⋎ᵨ3ᢙ2⊈⏚⋎ᵨ56789:ᢈ<=▾20-20?@=AὃCD78ᓄ=ECᔁA7ᔁHᫀ'ஹKL+30X/
1ஹMNOPᓄQR⏘ST⏘UV⏘Wᔠ⏘Y᪀⏘ᔠᡂ⏘2ஹ\]⏘^_⏘`ab⏘Sᓄ⏘c/⏘3ஹd⌮ᢓᑴᵨgd⌮ᢓᑴᵨ4ஹp/pO,15ஹhij6ஹPῃl7ஹmnopmnoq8ஹ^/9ஹrstuᾦtwtxyz{|z}~~tஹᑨ+/X10
V,X,V,X,X,V,X,Xஹᓫ⚗⌱+1'X10
BஹAஹAஹAஹCஹCஹBஹCஹAஹAஹg⚗⌱+1'X10
1ஹABCD2ஹABCD3ஹABCD4ஹABCD5ஹABCD6ஹA7ஹAB8ஹC9ஹBC10ஹADஹV+2'X5
1ஹ⏘Ḅ'ឋᵨ⏘ᓄᓄ'ᡈ'%&ᵨ'ᡈ'᩽ḄᱥO஺gḄ%&◤⌕gḄ⏘஺⏘ḄឋO⏘Ḅ'ឋ஺2ஹᔾ¢ᵫῃl⏘ஹᔾ¤⌴¦ஹA§Pᓄ⏘¨ᡂḄᱥPᓄ⏘¦©ᔾ¢஺3ஹ78ªᑺᢣᦋᗐ788O¯⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡஹ³■ῖ¯¶Ḅ◤⌕ᐭ78¸Ḅᓄ=ᔠᡂᡈὅᜩᯠ

81ᱥO஺4ஹMNOឋMNOḄឋᵨ¼ᢣMNO½ᑮ᜜Àᱥᳮᡈᓄ=ibḄᵨÂMNOḄᱥᳮឋOஹᓄ=ឋO¯ᱥ=ឋOᦋÃÄÅÆឋᵨ஺5ஹḂᓄÈ'ÉÊᾦËᐰḂᓄᡠ◤⌕ḄlPᓄÎḄÏÉᦪÑḂᓄÈ஺ÒஹÓH4'X51ஹÔᓄ⏘ÕÑÔ⏘ᡈUgÖ⏘஺¼ᑭᵨᱥᳮᡈᓄ=ḄØÙÚ⏘ᑖjÜᔠᙠᱯḄßᢝᱥá¼UÖឋḄ⏘ᡂgÖ
UḄ⏘âãᢝä⏘ḄᜩᯠåឋÕæç
%&èᑖéd³êëÂᵨì¼⏥ᑴᑺ¸Ḅ'wᑺî஺ìḄrï¼ðឋñòd³óô%ëÂᵨõö÷øù%&úûäüøùᓄஹýþᓄ஺ÿ
⏘Ḅᑭᵨ᳛᩽ᜧᙢ
ᡂ᧕ᱥஹᱥᑖᓄ
஺ᙠᜧ!Ḅ"#ᡠ◤&ᜓ()ᓫ᧕+஺2ஹ,ᓄ-.⏘/0AH2+B-A+BH212⏘/0A-R+B—A+B-R34⏘/0AB+H2஺/AOH+BH6ᔠ⏘/0AB-A+B8᪀⏘/0A-Bᔠᡂ⏘/0A+B+ATP-AB+ADP+Pi3ஹ"ᱥ,ᓄ:ᙠ⏘Ḅ;ᓄ<=+Ḅᓄ>?@ᡠA?@ᩩCDEFG஺"ᱥ,ᓄ:HIJᑡLMḄᓄ>?@⌲O=+ḄPQR:⌲OSTḄ஺"ᱥ,ᓄUV#"ḄPQWEX:ᐜZ[ᙠPᓄᔠᱥ#WUPᓄᔠᱥ\]^_`"abcḄ◤⌕஺4ஹeᾦg☄ijk#lmnᙢ=+,ᓄoᵨᐜ"ᡂpU,ᓄᱥpU,ᓄᱥqrᑖ4"stஹuஹv⏚xyzᱥ{ᐹᨵ~Ḅkᕡreᾦn"⏚஺᜜ᾦᙠF<-Pn"ᑖ4?@⏚"ឋkᕡ஺5ஹGcᱥ`ᑁᡠ◤Ḅ⏚,AᵫI⏚ᙠ`ᑁ1r஺RᨵIzᙠ`ᑁPᔠᡂrPᵫᱥ]^Ḅ⏚¡¢£¤¥¦◤⏚஺`¦◤⏚ᨵ§⏚¨©⏚ª⏚«⏚⁐⏚⏚8⏚®⏚஺¯ஹ°±10'XIF²³⏘´?@Ḅµ¶ᨵ·¸¹☢஺I¹☢஺»ḼF²Ḅᓣbᓄᑖ¾ᦪÀ´?@Á᳛ÂI¹☢஺»ḼF²ᓣ⏘«Ã⌲ÄឋᜫÆ?@Á᳛»Ç஺ÈᙠFÊ»ḼF²ᓣ⏘´?@Á᳛ÂËF²ᓣᑮIÍ▲²ÏF²qMÂ⏘´?@Á᳛?r<஺ᙠIÍᩩC<P⏘nᢵᨬᜧbឋḄPH¤¥⏘Ḅᨬ〉PH஺Óᨬ〉PHÔÕ⏘ḄbឋÖÔ஺×®ØÙÚᢈÜ>▾20-20Þß>ààáὃãäØᓄ>åãᔁA8ᔁèᫀIஹêj1'X301ஹ□᩽2ஹØìÂᑺîïᱥ{3ஹ⁰᧖4ஹòó⏚/³ô¨ᵬ⏚ö/¨ᵬ⏚/÷᧖⏚ø⏚

825ஹ⏚úûü6ஹ"ᱥᔠᡂ⏘´?@,ᓄoᵨFᑖ4oᵨ7ஹ,ᓄ-./12⏘/34⏘/6ᔠ⏘/8᪀⏘/ᔠᡂ⏘/8ஹᵞᾦ⏚9ஹ⏀⏗⏚⏗10ஹ᪶ᵞ⏚ᓫ᪶ᵞ⏚᧖⏚⏘I,⏘IIஹᑨ1‘X10$X,X,X,-J,LX,V,X,X,Xஹᓫ⚗⌱(1'X10$BஹAஹCஹBஹDஹAஹA^BஹDஹC/ஹ01⚗⌱(1ஹAB2ஹABD3ஹC4ஹCD5ஹC6ஹAB7ஹABCD8ஹABCD9ஹACD10ஹABC9ஹ:;<=2'X5$1ஹ⏘ḄᢓᑴᑺBCDEFஹᢓᑴஹGHẚJ⏘ḄKᓄMᵨḄᱥP஺2ஹRSḄTᐰឋBRSW0XYᨵC[\]ᡈ_`abᏉdḄᨵeஹᨵ]ᱥPᡈfghijklὅញឋஹ᠒ឋe]ᡈpqrsᡈtuᓻwklὅwᐸyzḄ◚|஺3ஹ}~MᵨBPḄ}~MᵨᢣឋḄPᑖᡂᨵḄP᪀஺4ஹuᱥᓄBᾦPᨵᱥPᙠbᑁḄᓄᑖ<uᱥᓄ஺5ஹỚB100gᾦᔾᦈỚḄ¢ᦪ¤¥Ớ஺¦§¨4'X5$1ஹᑴᜓª1ᓄ⏘«¬ª1ᙠ0®<Ḅ¯°ᡈ⚩²°ᔠᱥ´஺ᐹb¶·ᨵ¸bᔠ·¹ὶ·»ᒹ½·஺¾¿¶·ÀCDᵨÁᔠ·஺ᐸW¸bᔠ·ÂᒹÃᐳÅᔠ·Æᔠ·ᱥᳮᔾ▬·஺ᒹ½·ÂᒹÃÉÊ»Ë~ÌÊ஺2ஹᔠÍÎÍᡂᑖÏÍÐÑÒᔠḄÍhÓᵫÍÕᙠÖ×Ø»Ù◣WRSWᜧÜᑖḄÍÓᵫÍᔠÍË0Ý⍝஺ᔠÍßàᙠáâ40᤬äåD´0[æËuᱥ0[ᑭᵨᔠÍ0[¥®ᑺ஺hÓᵫÍᐹᨵßᑗÍḄឋPCDM®ᑺÀCDËuᱥᡠᑭᵨ஺3ஹêëìᡂᑖíîïᩖñYòGËᦔôõ℉ñ◀øùᦪᡂᑖD᜜ᜧìᦪÎ⃩üឋᱥPñᕈᕡឋ[Ïᐸᑖ᪀ᨵÿᱯឋḄᐵ஺4ஹᵫa1,4-᧖!ᡂḄ#$%ᑖ'()ᵫa1,4-*+a-1,6-᧖Ḅ᪛%ᜧᑖ'ᱥ0஺⍗Ớ34⁐()⍗Ớ367⁐஺8)9:᧕ὁᓄ஺5ஹ?▤ABℍ⃔EF⏚ᓄHᡂ1,6-IF⏚J?I▤AB1,6-IF⏚JᑖKᡂLᑖ'F⏚M?N▤AB3-F⏚ᵞQRESᓄTUHᡂᑁW⏚஺XஹYZ[10'XI`⏘+bcᓄᑺ8eᐳឋᙠh[1`ᵨjk!cᓄᦔ᳛n஺[2`ᦋ3ᓄqrsḄt⊝v஺[3`wxrsḄyᓄz஺⏘Ḅᱯឋᙠh[1`nᦔḄcᓄឋB⏘nᦔcᓄᑺ(zᙠ{+ᩩ}~(ᜧᜧrs஺[2`nḄឋBᵨ⏘cᓄ,zcᓄᡈrs(ᵨᡈ᩽Ḅᱥ0஺Ḅrs◤⌕Ḅ⏘஺⏘ᱥḄឋᑖজឋ(ᵨhᱥHḄrs஺ঝឋB⏘ᵨhᓄᔠᱥᡈᓄq஺ঞ᪀

83ឋB⏘ᱥḄ᪀⌕᪀ឋ஺[3
⏘yឋḄឋB⏘Ḅᵨ⌕ḄpHஹ{e{+ᩩ}(⏚(¡(¢£¤¥¦§¨©⏘ᜫ«cᓄyឋ஺[4
⏘yឋḄ¬⁚ឋB⏘Ḅcᓄyឋ®¯°☢²ᑴ(²ᑴḄ°´µ¯(᝞ᢓᑴᑺ(ᐳ¸¹⛲(⏘U»y஺¼½¾¿ÀÁᢈÃq▾20-20Å?qÆÆÇὃÉʾ¿ᓄqËÉᔁB7ᔁÍᫀஹÏÐ[1'X30
1ஹ¾¿Ñᑺ(ÒÓᱥ02ஹÔÕ(Ö¬(×ØÐ(ÙᱥÚÕ(ÛÜÚÕ3ஹÝ(p/pO,x4ஹÞ⏚(ßà⏚(á⏚(ᕡã(ä᧖⏚5ஹ{(pH,⏘å(ᱥå(ᢓᑴᑺ,»yᑺ6ஹæçᑖ᪆(⁐éᑖ᪆7ஹᑁᑗ(a4,᜜ᑗ(a-,48ஹìᱥ⁐¦(íᱥ⁐¦(îHᱥ⁐¦Iஹᑨð[1‘X10
X,V,X,X,X,X,J,XNஹᓫ⚗⌱ô[1'X10
AஹBஹCஹAஹDஹC>AஹDஹBஹAõஹ⚗⌱ô1ஹAC2ஹABC3ஹCD4ஹA5ஹC6ஹC7ஹBCD8ஹAB9ஹABCD10ஹABDöஹ÷øùú[2'X5
1ஹ⏘Bûzücᓄ+UýùḄ⏘§þ⏘஺2ஹ⏘Ḅ»yᑺBûzÿ⏘ឋḄᱥ⏘Ḅᑺ஺3ஹḄὁᓄᓄḄᓾḄ⌲ᑖ!"#ᔣ%&᣸ᑡ)*☠,-./01234ᔠ6ᡂᜧ9:;Ḅ<=>ᑖ!023Ḅ4ᔠᱯ@ᱞB1C9DEF9GHD᧕J⏘GKLMNOPQḄὁᓄ஺4ஹRSᾦU⏚W;XYDZᔠᡂ=RSᵫ\ᱥ]^ḄᾦU⏚஺5ஹB_ᓄ⏘`B)⏘ᡈGDF⏘஺bᑭᵨᱥᳮᡈᓄfḄghi⏘ᑖ!4ᔠᙠᱯ_ḄkᢝᱥmbGFឋḄ⏘nᡂDFoGḄ⏘pqᢝr⏘Ḅᜩᯠឋuv9owxyᑖz{1|}~ᵨb⏘ᑴᑺḄᑺ஺ஹ4'X5
1ஹKm=[S]Vmax/V-l
Kmᦪᐸᨵ1
b~wx᳛ᑮᨬᜧwx᳛Ḅᱥ஺2
{0ᱥ[ES]ḄKzᦪw᧜rES¡¢Ḅᜧ£஺3
b⏘Ḅᱯ¤ᱥᳮᦪ஺4
{1ᵨKmgP⌱¦ᔠ〉Ḅᱥ஺2ஹC6Hl2O6+2NAD++2H3Po4+2ADP-2cH3coe00H+2NADH+H+
+2ATP

843ஹ¨©ªb¨ᢝW;Ꮙ¬©®¯ᡠRSḄ±²ᑖ!ᨵ³ᓄᔠᱥ஺´ᜧµᦪ¨©ªDZᙠ;ᑁᔠᡂRSᵫ·ᱥ]^஺¨©ª¸¹³;Ḅº»¼ᵨ½DZ¾]Z¿஺4ஹ4ᔠGbÀGᡂᑖoGÁ234ᔠḄG=XᵫGÂᙠ9ÃÄÅÆÅÆ0◣\ÈᜧÉᑖḄGbXᵫG4ᔠGÊDË⍝஺4ᔠGÍᙠÎÏ40᤬1mDZ4ÑÊ©ᱥDZᑭᵨ4ᔠGDZÒFᑺ஺=XᵫGᐹᨵᑗGḄឋ{1¼FᑺH{1Ê©ᱥᡠᑭᵨ஺5ஹ±Õµᡂᑖ)Ö}ᩖØÙ¿ÚÊᦔÜÝ℉Ø◀ràᦪᡂᑖ1᜜ᜧµᦪbÀ⃩ãឋᱥØᕈᕡឋZoᐸᑖ!4᪀ᨵᱯçឋḄᐵéØêëDì_஺íஹîï10'XI⏘Íðᓄᑺñòᐳឋᙠ91ôᵨ¿à=ðᓄᦔ᳛஺2DᦋnᓄfwxḄ%⊝<஺3÷²wxḄᓄZ஺øḄᱯឋᙠ91ᦔḄðᓄឋ⏘bᦔðᓄᑺZᙠùᩩûÏᜧᜧ¹wx஺2Ḅüឋᵨ⏘ðᓄýZðᓄᡈ±wx¼ᵨᡈ±᩽)ÿḄᱥ஺Ḅ◤⌕Ḅ⏘•⏘ᱥḄឋᑖজឋᵨᱥḄ஺ঝ!ឋ"#⏘$ᵨ%ᓄᔠᱥᡈᓄ)*஺ঞ,-.᪀ឋ"⏘ᱥḄ,-.᪀⌕01,-.᪀ឋ஺23⏘3ឋḄ4ឋ"⏘Ḅᵨ⌕0ḄpHஹ67896:ᩩ<=⏚=?@AB8CDE$FG⏘ᜫIJᓄ3ឋ஺24⏘3ឋḄ$K⁚ឋ"⏘ḄJᓄ3ឋMNO☢QᑴQᑴḄOSTN᝞ᢓᑴᑺᐳYZ⛲⏘\]38஺^_`abcᢈe)▾20-20gh)iijὃlm`aᓄ)nlᔁB8ᔁqᫀஹst2ᵞX301ஹ▢᩽2ஹ$⌮ᢓᑴᵨ$⌮ᢓᑴᵨ3ஹyzῃ|,~ᓄῃ|4ஹᔠᵫᵫ5ஹᾦ6ஹឋ⁐Dᾦឋ⁐Dᱥ⁐Dᱥ⁐Dᱥ⁐D7ஹᨵ~ᑖ~ᑖᨵ~ᑖ8ஹᕡ⏚9ஹ¡¢£¤¥ஹᑨ§2/X10

85V,X,X,X,X,X,V,X,X,J¨ஹᓫ⚗⌱¬2ᵞX10
AஹDஹAஹBஹCஹDCஹBஹAஹAஹ⚗⌱¬21'X10
1ஹABCD2ஹCD3ஹABCD4ஹABD5ஹAB6ஹABCD7ஹAB8ஹAB9ஹBC10ஹAD®ஹ¯°±22'X5
1ஹ⏘Ḅ3ឋ²³"ᵫ´ᦪ¶◤¤·¸ᡂḄº»ᱥᑖ¼ᔠ½¾ᡂᱯJᓄḄtÀÁÂÃ1⏘Ḅ3ឋ²³஺2ஹᢙ~ᓄᑺ"ᢙ~ᓄᑺźÆÇᡈÈÉ`a~ᓄFÊË`aÌḄ4ឋ:ÈÍÎÏiḄ`aÐÑᑺ஺3ஹÒD"ÒDÅᜧ%ឋᔜ!Õ-◤⌕ÌÖ×غᔠᡂÙ¶Úᵫ`ᱥÛÜḄÁᑖ¼ᨵÝᓄᔠᱥ஺4ஹÞßàឋ"ÞßḄàឋᵨÅᢣÞßMᑮ᜜äᱥᳮᡈᓄ)CDḄᵨGÞßḄᱥᳮឋஹᓄ)ឋ:ᱥ)ឋᦋà#çèéê1àឋᵨ஺5ஹ⏘Ḅᨬ〉67:ᨬ〉pHí"G⏘îᢵᨬᜧð᳛Ḅ67:pHí1⏘Ḅᨬ〉67:ᨬ〉pHí஺òஹóq24'X5
1ஹ%ôNᡂᑖ!õöᩖ"øÌÖᦔúû℉ý◀ÿᦪᡂᑖ᜜ᜧᦪ⃩ឋᱥᕈᕡឋᐸᑖ᪀ᨵᱯឋḄᐵ!"#$%஺2ஹ(ᓄ*+⏘-.AH2+B—A+BH2/0⏘-.A-R+B—A+B-R12⏘-.AB+H2஺/AOH+BH4ᔠ⏘-.AB-A+B᪀⏘-.A-Bᔠᡂ⏘-.A+B+ATP,AB+ADP+Pi3ஹ6%ᓄ⏘7869⏘ᡈ1#;⏘஺ᑭᵨᱥᳮᡈᓄ?Ḅ@AB⏘ᑖᔠᙠᱯ%ḄDᢝᱥF1;ឋḄ⏘Gᡂ#;1Ḅ⏘HIᢝJ⏘ḄᜩᯠMឋ7NOPQRᑖSTUVWᵨXYᑴᑺ\Ḅ]^_ᑺ`஺XḄab.$%ឋcTdePVWᵨfghijPQklJmnijᓄஹopᓄ஺qJ⏘Ḅᑭᵨ᳛᩽ᜧᙢuvJᡂw᧕yᱥஹnᱥᑖSzᓄJq{|}஺ᙠᜧ~Ḅmn\ᡠ◤|}ᜓzᓫ᧕஺4ஹpᱥᑁᡠ◤Ḅ⏚Tᵫ]^⏚ᙠᑁ/G஺ᨵ]ᙠᑁ#ᔠᡂᵫᱥḄ⏚X◤⏚஺◤⏚ᨵ¡⏚¢£⏚¤⏚¥⏚⁐⏚§⏚§⏚¨⏚஺5ஹ©ª«m¬A®¯°±²³´µ⊤·¸¹ºᓄ»஺¼⌕ᱥᩭ¿À-ÁÂûÄ⁐ÅÆ¥ÇÈ᝘»஺©ª«m¬DÊË┛Ḅᔾᦈ®¯ÏеÑÒµ¼⌕ᱥᩭ¿ÀÓÔ᝘ÔᵨÕ᜜Ö᯿ØḄÈ᝘஺©ª«m¬C®¯Ù⊈µᱛÜÝ⊈᧕Þªßàáâ#᧕ៜᔠ»஺¼⌕ᱥᩭ¿ÅÆ1ä஺©ª«m¬B1T®¯åæµçè≯pê᠒ìᓄ#íî#ï»஺¼⌕ᱥᩭ¿⏗ñò-Ó»஺óஹôõö10'XI
÷.÷!⏘øPQḄÊËᨵùú@☢஺]@☢஺üḼ÷ḄᓣMᓄᑖᦪÿ
⏘᳛
☢஺Ḽᓣ
⏦⌲ឋᜫ
᳛஺!"
ᙠ%
Ḽᓣ
⏘᳛
&ᓣᑮ(▲*
+,-
⏘᳛./஺pH01ᙠ(ᩩ3/
4567ᢵᨬᜧ;ឋḄPH=>⏘Ḅᨬ〉PH஺@Aᨬ〉PHBC
⏘Ḅ;ឋDB஺⏘E1&FᱥHI
JK⏘LMNOᐸQ!RSTḄUV/
᳛W⏘EᡂYZ஺FᱥE1&FᱥE[*
᳛FᱥEḄ-.ញᒓ-
^ὅᡂYZᐵa
ḼFᱥEḄ+,-,

86᳛M⌲d
ᨬe&FᱥE-ᜧᑮ(M*
᳛fgឤ(
ᓽ5j-FᱥE
᳛kNl
m*
᳛nᑮᨬᜧ0஺ᢓᑴᑺ1ᢓᑴᑺ4Irsஹᢓᑴஹuvẚx⏘Ḅyᓄ{ᵨ஺};ᑺ1};ᑺ4I~⏘Ḅ;ឋ஺ᢈ▾20-20ὃᓄᔁA9ᔁᫀஹ11ஹᑖ;2ஹℍ⃔3ஹ4ஹᵞ¡
ᾦ£⏚5ஹ-ᜧ
¥¦
rd
7§¨©ª«
¥᪆6ஹ⏘
FᱥE
ᡈ¯
ᜧ7ஹ4°⏚±
Fᱥ²°⏚ᓄ
³ᵯµ¶⌴²Ḅ¸¹ᓄ°⏚ᓄ8ஹ⏚º»¼9ஹ½ᓄ⏘Ḅ;ឋ
ᦋ⏘{ᵨḄᩩ3
◞À¹Á10ஹÂᐰឋ11ஹ§Äᵞ
ÅÄ⏚
ÆÇÈ
¹ᓄÉÆÇÈÉஹᑨË11ஹJ2ஹX3ஹX4ஹX5ஹ46ஹJ7ஹ஺8ஹ49ஹJ10ஹXÌஹᓫ⌱⚪11ஹA2ஹA3ஹB4ஹA5ஹA6ஹD7,D8ஹA9ஹB10ஹDÐஹN(⚗⌱Ò1ஹACD2ஹBCD3ஹABCD4ஹAB5ஹACD6ஹABD7ஹABCD8ஹABCD9ஹABC10ஹACDÓஹÔÕÖ×1ஹ⏚Ø1ᢣÚÛ1g¡ᾦÚÜAᾦ£⏚ᡠ◤ḄŹᓄßàáᦪ஺⏚Ø⊤ä¡ᾦÚÜAᾦ£⏚Ḅᦪå஺2ஹ⏘Ḅ;ឋÚæ1ᵫèᦪé◤êëìᡂḄ4WFᱥᑖµíᔠJïᡂᱯ(yᓄḄñdòó஺3ஹ§ᱥ¹ᓄ1ôஹᾦ£ஹõöᨵøᱥõᙠùúÚûü¹ᓄᑖÖ§ᡂCO2ÛH2OJ×ýþ4åḄLM=>§ᱥ¹ᓄ஺4ஹÿᕡ
Ḅᕡᕡᩖᔠᕡ஺⏚ᕡ✏!"ᙢ$%ᑮ'(Ḅᕡ஺5ஹ*+ᑺ
-ᦋᗐ00"⁐ஹ✏ஹ᧣!-■ῖ+556Ḅ◤⌕9+ᐭ0;Ḅᓄ=ᔠᡂᡈὅᜩᯠᱥ"஺DஹEF⚪1ஹHIJK"LᡂMNḄOᳮ஺F
JK"QNRSNMTᵨLᡂMN஺ᙠLᡂMNḄWX;JK"ᑖZᔜ\]^ὶᙠ`LᡂabcᨵefḄghijk᪀஺mᑖᐙoijk᪀phḄghq᪆s஺

872ஹucv⏘xyzḄ{cᨵ|}~F
\☢ḼucᓣbᓄᑖZᦪ⏘xyz{᳛+஺\☢ucᓣb⏘JK⌲ᜫឋyz{᳛y9஺ᙠuḼucḄᓣb⏘xyz{᳛+ucᓣᑮḄ▲c$ᑮ⏘yzḄᨬ〉ucuc+⏘xyzḄ{᳛y9஺3ஹ¡ᱥ¢£¤ef¥¦ᨵ§ᱯ©F
1ᾙḄᡂ«
¡ᱥ¬¤®¯°ᑮ±ᓄ'²ᾙᑮᨬ³ᵨj᝱2efµᔾ⌶¸Ḅ¹
¡ᱥ¢£¤efµᔾᵫᨵ»µᔾ¼½¹ᓄ-¾»Ḅ⏗À⌶¸ÁᨬÂÃᱥÄ⏚஺3efÅÆpHÇJK"RSᑖÀ4efᑁATPÉÊRSᓄATPÉÊË℉ÍRSÀ஺4ஹÎÏḄÐÑ0;Ò⁐Ḅ\ÓᨵÔÕF
1+ÖÑÒ
2bu×$ØÙ
3+ᐭÚÛÜÛ5ஹ-|}ÝÞᱥqSᔛF
1ᙠÝàáᱥḄᜧÝஹãÝஹᡡÝஹåÝஹᑐÝ!⇷Ýèéê;ëᙠMìí஺î²ï⊈ᳫMìḄJK"òSᡈóqôõö`ὅូøᕏᔢèûjüýὅþÿ
஺2ᱥᙠ⏘ᢓᑴᑺᢓᑴ⏘⏘Ḅឋᱥ⃩ᔾᦈ#$஺%&⚪10(1’)1.EMP-TCA*+Ḅ,-./᝞12345ᑖ7ℍ⃔:;EMP-TCA*+ᡂ=>ATP??@EMP-TCA*+;ᔊ#ᑡᔊ/@
1:⏗D./জℍ⃔:ḄF⏚ᓄঝF⏚J:ḄKDঞF⏚M⏣OPQ⏚ஹPQ⏚SATPḄᡂ2PQ⏚ḄTᓄῃV@
3TCA*+@জWX⏚ᡂঝTᓄῃV₝⏒[⏚\34@EMP-TCA],-^/O@5ᑖ7NADH+H+_ᡂ3ᑖ7ḄATP,1ᑖ7ḄFADH2_`ᡂ2ᑖ7ATP,ᐳᡂ10X3+2X2+4=38bcdefᢈhi▾20-20klimmnὃpqdᓄirpᔁB9ᔁ?ᫀ5ஹvw@1ஹxyᓄzᡠ◤Ḅ}~a2ஹ3ஹ100gᾦᔾᦈỚḄᦪᾦᾦ⏚Ḅ⛳S~Ḅᢣ᪗4ஹ_⌮_⌮DḄᓄᡂ_⌮5ஹᓫᔠ⏘⏘76ஹ:⏗DPQ⏚TᓄῃVV⏚*+38@7ஹ¡8ஹ¢£¤,-¥ᵨ§ᑴᯖ:ᓄ,-¥ᵨ§ᑴᢙª⊈⏚¥ᵨ§ᑴ9ஹ¬⏚⏚ឋᡈᨵ§⏚10ஹ°±²⊈³´µ¶·°±¥ᵨ⏘ᢓᑴᑺ¸ஹᑨº1ஹJ2ஹX3ஹX4ஹX5ஹX6ஹ஺7ஹJ8ஹJ9ஹV10,Xஹᓫ⚗⌱½⚪1ஹC2ஹA3ஹB4ஹD5ஹD6ஹD7ஹB8ஹD9ஹCIOஹA¾ஹ¿⚗⌱½⚪1ஹACD2ஹABC3ஹABC4ஹAB5ஹABC6ஹABD7ஹABCD8ஹABCD9ஹABCD10ஹABDÀஹÁÂDÃ5ஹḄÄឋ@Åᑮ᜜Èᱥᳮᡈᓄi²Ḅ¥ᵨÊḄᱥᳮឋஹᓄiឋSᱥiឋxᦋÄ,ÍÎ./ÏÐḄÄឋ¥ᵨ஺

882ஹÑÒÓᦪ@Km=[s]
vmax/v-lÑÒÓᦪÔÊ,-Õ᳛×ᑮᨬᜧ,-Õ᳛5ÚzḄÛᱥÜ~஺3ஹÝᔾÞ@ᵫῃà⏘ஹÝᔾá⌴ãSnäTᓄ⏦æᡂḄᱥTᓄ⏘ãç4ஹ█é@ÔᢣêëÅᑮìᱥḄᨬíÜ~`mol/m3,%ᡈmg/kgᓫï⊤ñ)5ÎᱥḄ█éòó⊤ôìᱥḄõëឋòö5ஹ÷øᡂᑖ@d◀⃩ᡂᑖSúᯠ5¿ᨵ⃩¥ᵨüýþd`-ᨵḄ⁐ஹ✏ஹᕡឋḄᡂᑖ᜜,ᨵᨵḄᡂᑖ஺ஹ⚪5X41ஹឋᢓᑴᑺᨵ"ᱯ$%᝞"'◀)*⏘Ḅᢓᑴ,ᵨ%.ឋᢓᑴᑺᙠᑖ01᪀345ᱥ78⏘9:;<ᢓᑴᑺ=5ᱥ4⏘Ḅ>ឋឋr0.2stuvᢓᑴwx:;Ḅye
2Gᜧ{|}~ḄF
3oppH4opF5◀}~ឋᐸvᓄᓄ:;Ḅ
4vᓄ¡ᓄ:;Ḅᱥ¢£¤஺5ஹy¥¦Ḅ§¨©ªWXv}ᵨ%.§¨©<ᨵᨵ«Ḅ⁰ᐸ®¯ª⁰°±²³ℛ°µ஺¶·¸tᙠ§¨©<Ḅ⁰᧖M3-6mg/100g,ºy¦§¨©Ḅ¦»▬½¾ᐝÀÁḄ⊤ÃÄ<᩽ÆÇ⁰ᵞÉᑮ38-45mg/100gËÌsÍÎÏÐ⁰°ᓽᙠÒÓsÁIÔᑮẚᦑÖ}ᵨy¦ஹÀḄ§¨©஺×ஹØÙ⚪10X/1ஹᾦÛ⏚ḄᓄḄᓄÜMN᝞"%UᱥVWX%ÝÞßVWX%.ᓄÜMN.
1ᓄ
2qᓄ3ᙠᓄ4àLUᱥ.á⏒CoA.NADH+H+,FADH2ÝÞß.ä⁂⏚æçèé}~êëᢈíÜ▾20-20ïðÜññòὃôõ}~ᓄÜöôᔁA10ᔁᫀஹùú1ஹqᑖ>F2ஹûJℍ⃔J3ஹü}ýþ4ஹᑴÿᦋឋ5ஹᜧ6ஹ⏘,

89ᱥᡈᜧ7ஹᓄஹ"ᓄ#ᓄ$%&'⏒CoA&NADH+H+,FADH2&8ஹ)ᡈ&9ஹᱥᔠᡂ⏘ᓄ,ᵨ./ᑖ%,ᵨ110ஹ2᧖42⏚6"78ᓄ96"789ஹᑨ;11ஹX2ஹX3ஹX4ஹX5ஹJ6ஹX7ஹ48ஹ-J9ஹJ10ஹX<ஹᓫ⌱⚪11ஹB2ஹD3ஹB4ஹB5ஹC6ஹB7ஹD8ஹC9ஹB10ஹD@ஹAB⚗⌱D1ஹACD2ஹBCD3ஹABCD4ஹCD5ஹACD6>ABD7ஹABCD8ஹABCD9ஹABC10>ACDEஹFG%HI5X2'J6ஹỚL1100gMᾦᔾᦈỚḄRᦪMᾦTᾦU⏚ḄA⛳WḄᢣ᪗஺2ஹ⏘Ḅᨬ〉pH1ᙠBᩩ_`ab⏘ᢵᨬᜧdឋḄpH3ஹeᔾf1ᵫῃ4⏘ஹeᔾi⌴kWlmᓄ⏘nᡂḄᱥᓄ⏘ko4ஹpᕡ1rstᑭḄvwxWᱯzḄ{|xḄ}W஺5ஹ~ᓄᑺ1abAḄTḄᙳᒴᙢᑖᦣTḄᱥ⚪I5X4'1ஹ◤⏚ᨵs◤⏚rᢣᙠkᑁAaᔠᡂaᵫᱥḄ⏚஺ᨵ⏚ஹ⏚ஹ¡⏚ஹ¢⏚ஹ⁐⏚ஹ¤⏚ஹ¥¤⏚¦§⏚஺2ஹ¨©aª⏘ஹª⏘ஹℍ⃔ª⏘Ḅ,ᵨᱯ®1I1a-ª⏘Ḅ,ᵨᱯ®1জᑁᑗ⏘ঝ²³ªᑖ´ᑁµ¶·"%a-1,4-᧖¹ºAa"%a-1,6-᧖¹
2ª⏘Ḅ,ᵨᱯ®1জ᜜ᑗ⏘ঝ²a³ªᑖ´Ḅ¼½¾ឋlm"%a-1,4-¿¹ºAa"%a1,6-ᵞ¹ঞÂᑗᒘ`Ḅa-ÄÅÆÇᡂB-ÄÅ
3ℍ⃔ª⏘Ḅ,ᵨᱯ®1জ᜜ᑗ⏘ঝAÈa"%a-1,4-¿¹½a"%a-1,6-᧖¹Wa-1,3-✌¹ঞÂℍ⃔ᵫaÊÆÇᡂBÊ஺3ஹËÌᙠᡂÍÎÏTÐÑnÒᑁḄᓄÇᓄᨵ1I1JÓᱥḄÇᓄI2¢ÔḄÇᓄI3⁐ÕᱥḄÇᓄI4ÖḄÇᓄI5Ë×ᱥḄÇᓄI6Ø✏ᱥḄÚᡂI7ÛÕCḄÇᓄI8ᨵ·⏚ḄÇᓄ4ஹ■Ý⏘⋎ÇßᨵᦔḄáâᨵ1ßãḄᜐᳮáâᨵ1
1æᓄ⏘ḄdឋIçèஹᢓᑴᑺëJçᜐᳮrìᑴ⏘⋎ÇḄᨬíîḄáâS02ஹᢙð⊈⏚ròó⏘ḄᢓᑴᑺbᵨáôᦔËõ☠஺
2ᦋÇ⏘,ᵨḄᩩ_IPHLஹ"ᑖdëJó⏘,ᵨḄᨬ〉PH÷6-7,)3.0øùúdឋᦑüᑭᵨý⏚ᩭìᑴòó⏘Ḅdÿ஺
3◞஺2ᑗḄᙠஹᡈᙠᐸᢙ⊈⏚!ᵨ#$%ᐭ'(ᡈ%ᐭ)*ᑁ,-$./஺5ஹ012“45”7Ḅ89:;9<=>ᵨ?@A89BCDᱥP᤬RSTᡈUT9ᐳFWXYZJᨵGḄ\]^_`a9>ᱥG஺“45”b▭JᜧeḄT9fghᡂK89:;9᤬R\jkT97lYZᨵGmn<=>ᵨ஺op⚪r10X1'1ஹEMP-TCAstḄuvOw᝞y?z{|ᑖ~ℍ⃔EMP-TCAstFᡂATP?
1⏗Owজℍ⃔Ḅ⏚ᓄঝ⏚Ḅঞ⏚⏣ᑁ⏚ஹ⏚:ATPḄFᡂ
2⏚ḄᓄῃA
3TCAstAজ⏚Fᡂঝᓄῃ₝⏒⏚Fz{AEMP-TCAuvwA

90|ᑖ~NADH+H+Fᡂ3ᑖ~ḄATP,1ᑖ~ḄFADH2^Fᡂ2ᑖ~ATP,ᐳFᡂ10X3+2X2+4=38>¡ᢈ£¤▾20-20¦§¤¨¨©ὃ«¬>ᓄ¤«ᔁB10ᔁ@ᫀ|ஹ°$A1ஹℍ⃔±a-1,4-±3-1,4-2³´:ῃµῃ⏚ῃ⁐ῃ·3ஹ<⌮³¹⌮³¹±º±»7¼½¾Ḅᓄ¿ÀÁÂᡂ⌮±4ஹᓫļ½¾Åᔠ¼½¾±⏘¼½È⏘m~±5ஹ38±6ஹÉᱥÊË7ÌÍᑮÏᓄÐᾙEFᨬÓ>ᵨÔ᝱ḄOwAÖᵞ⏚AØÙ⏚7ஹFᱥᔠᡂA8ஹÚᙠÛ9ᱥ¾ᐹᨵÛᓄ⏘ᨵ.±9ஹÝ⏚⏚ឋᡈᨵß⏚àᑺ10ஹâgã±⊈4äåEFâgæᵨ±¼½⏘ᢓᑴᑺéஹᑨë1ஹJ2ஹX3ஹX4ஹJ5ஹJ6ஹ47ஹJ8ஹJ9ஹX10,Vìஹᓫ⚗⌱ï⚪1ஹB2ஹC3ஹD4ஹA5ஹD6ஹD7ஹB8ஹB9ஹCIOஹAðஹ<ñ⚗⌱ï⚪1ஹACD2ஹBC3ஹABC4,AB5,CD6ஹCD7ஹABCD8ஹABC9ஹABCD10ஹABDòஹóôõr5ö2'÷1ஹ¼½¾Ḅ/ᵯùAK¼½¾Ḅúûᵯ₹ý/WjWºḄpHþ0¼½¾Ḅ/ᵯù஺2ஹ⏦Ḅ
◤⏘ᨵᦪᱯḄ⏚Ḅ⏘Ḅᓄឋᨵᐵ!"#⏘Ḅ
◤3ஹ%ᱥ'ᓄ()ஹᾦ+ஹ,-ᨵ.ᱥ,ᙠ0123'ᓄᑖ5%ᡂCO2H2O789:!;Ḅ<="#%ᱥ'ᓄ஺4ஹ?ᕡABCDEFḄᕡG!H2IJ?ᕡKABCLᩖNᔠᕡG஺P⏚QRSTᕡ✏VWX,ᙢEFZ[!Gᑮ]^Ḅ?ᕡ஺5ஹ■ῖᑺAᢣcᐹᨵᩔfg%ᱥᡈᢓᑴᐸHlmᵨḄᱥ,஺oஹpq⚪s5X41ஹtuvwxyᦪzwxyᦪᨵtu{|zqwxyᦪA}~᳛ᑮᨬᜧ~᳛BZḄᱥᵨKm=[s]
vmax/v-l⊤஺{|
1wxyᦪKm~ᱥ⏘Ḅᜧ஺
2wxyᦪA⏘Ḅᱯឋᱥᳮyᦪ஺s3]ᵨwxyᦪwx=⌱ᔠ〉Ḅᱥ஺2ஹ(⏗5<=ᑖ▤z(⏗5ḄᱥAtuz(⏗5<=s1ℍ⃔(Ḅ⏚ᓄs2⏚¡(Ḅ¢5s3⏚£⏣¥¦§⏚ஹ¦§⏚ATPḄ%ᡂᨬᱥ¦§⏚3ஹᜩᯠ⁐«ᢥᩭ®ஹ¯5ឋᑖ)]ᑖ#°)±z7ᑖ²ᑡ´⁐«µ¶஺qs1ᢥᩭ®Ḅ·¸]ᑖ#¹ᱥ⁐«᝞»¼«ஹ½¾¿«ஹÀ☘«-஺Âᱥ⁐«᝞⊈Ä«

91g%ᱥ⁐«᝞ÄÆ⁐«-஺s2
Çᢥ¯5ឋ!]ᑖ#ᾦ¯ឋ⁐«s᝞»¼«)½¾¿«ÈXɯឋ⁐«s᝞À☘«È஺3
ÊᓄËÌ᪀)±]ᑖ#ÎÏ⁐«ஹУ⁐«ஹÑ)⁐«ஹÎÒ⁐«ஹÓ§⁐«XᐸÔ)²Ḅ⁐«஺4ஹÕÖ■ῖᑺ■ῖᦔØḄÙ«ᨵ°zqs1
pH2
¯5Ú᡽ᦣs3
IÝḄÞßàás4
âᜐᳮ5ஹ#tu?äÀå·!IᵨzBæçuᜐᳮ]9èIᵨzq?äÀåéᙠêÉëìêÉëìíîïð)ñòóᙠôᑁö'ᓄᡂ'ᓄ÷êÉëìøᑣᨵᒓòÙû?äÀå·!Iᵨ஺üäÀåýᑴøñò]9èIᵨ஺þஹÿ⚪10X
1ஹᾦ⏚ḄᓄḄᓄ᝞ᱥᓄ1
ᓄ2
ᓄ3
ᙠᓄ4
ᱥ⏒CoA#NADH+H+,FADH2$%⏚&'