材料力学试题

《材料力学试题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

ᩞᧇ
ឋ☢Ḅᙊas,ᙠ☢ᜐᑮឋᙊᜮḄᵨ᝞ᡠᜮ!ᙊ"Ḅ#$☢☢%ᑖ'(150mm2,2552,ᙊḄ)ᵨ*+ᓃ-=1°0/0,)ᵨᢴ*+34200Mp”,ᑣᙊ3678஺B.;<=ẚ?@#ᔣ+ᵨ
ᩚCḄDᔣEF☢ᑁHᐵ
ᩚC#$☢Ḅᑁ+J*+ᨵLMNOPQ஺ᐸ7S┯UḄ஺C.ᨵVWM,ᑣ3ᨵX*+7ᙠ#$☢%YᐸZᩩCᙳ]^ḄᩩCMᩚ_ᵨ78ᡠ$☢`a஺ᐸbcឋᨬe஺f஺᝞ᡠNC᫡ᙠ°iᨵOj᥅lmnopqrsᢞḼOvw(xḄᱥ஺3$☢ḄVWz

1ᑗ᝱ᓫᐗᙠᢝ஺C.ἚḄᙠᑡᐵ"#ᔣ%&ᩚ#Ḅ()*,┯.Ḅ஺C.#,/ᩚ#0ᵨḄ᜜ᑗ3456Ḅ⊤89,஺C.r=Sᙊ#;☢C=>?@ḄABMe-CMc+Ḅ஺C.ᜧEFGHIJK?᪷M&ᩚa,bḄN;☢☢OPQ᝱RᩞᧇᙳFKTᐸN;☢ᑖWXHYCᙊᑣ[&ᩚḄ\]&"C_Ḅᐵ`X஺C8>4᪷abᑖᐵ`9''de஺C.fgᔣgBhij☢gkḄᱯm,D.gknḄ#op₹0ᵨ☢Kᙠrsj☢ᑁuvḄwᵨxoᩚyḄᨵᐵ஺C.{᝱ᢣ%}ᡈ&▤%ᩚḄ4=A.0

2ᑡ᪷ᙊ#N;☢☢OFK஺ᓫAᨬEḄ#,஺AAB;☢TᐸhbX0.5b,ᑣᐸᢙg;☢Wz,WyᑖWXᩭḄoB.0.5,0.25ᾪឋᩞᧇᑴᡂḄAᙊẚᐸN;☢hx/ḄᜧEᑖ᝞ᡠ஺C.C᫡Ḅ᝞ᡠ0ᵨ";☢BᜐḄ¡*஺D.ᜧEX6kN,Yᔣᔣ3kNIIUJ..aBv

3ᔜᜧ£ᩚḄᢙg;☢¤ᙳFK஺ᙠP0ᵨᨬᐜᜫ§஺D.D1-S¨©B;☢᫡T;☢Cª«¬1ᑣᐸ®¯°ᑮᩭḄ஺C.8ᙳᒴឋᎷ´Xᩞᧇᑁµᔜ¶Ḅ,FKḄ஺D.ឋ·D¸XᑐḄº»ᙊ#?¼{AB0ᵨ#ᑁᨬᜧxX½஺T#Ḅ¸ᦋX¿ᑣ#ᑁḄᨬᜧxX஺C.8r%ᩚÀ{#ᔣ%ÁḄ0ᵨ஺Â;☢᪆rÄḄ☢OX2,ᑣ஺=Á/4X஺D.Â;☢hḄxᓫA6oÇᐵ஺A.#1ᙠÈÉÊ;☢hgBM•XH஺XIḄ,஺B.BÌ“ÌÌ'toABCÎIr᪷Ï»#Ḅᑁ᜜ᑖWXÐD஺fD=2dᐸᢙA;☢X஺B.32ᵨ᫡ḄgkHx®ᩩyᗎÓÔ஺D.dÕÖ×ÕhØY☢ḄÙ⚪ᐵ"uvឋÛᨵÕ?sÜÝÞজᢙÛàᢙ%Ûáâঝ&®à%}®ᐸ*oB.□HåÌHå

4᫡æḄ#XX#nç;☢ᙠᙶ᪗`$a*ḄᢰCᑖWX᜜C6஺,ᑣᙠᙶ᪗`$b*ì;☢ḄᢰCᑖWXB/஺Cr4íîïḄwᵨnð=oc.%/”ᙠᑡᐵ"᫡Ḅ()*,┯.Ḅ஺D.,N;☢ñ᫡#òḄMᩚÀ{#ᔣ&PḄ0ᵨᐸ\]&oÇᐵ஺C.ᩚÀ{Ḅ&ḄᜧE¸Xd,4Ḅ?sº»ᙊ;☢ᐸ᩽ôឋBᑖWX1õrC1,öAB;☢ᑖWX÷஻Cùúᑣᑁஹ᜜ᑖWXÐ4ḄÏ»ᙊ;☢Ḅ᩽ôឋBCᢙA;☢%ᑖWXᐔB.▤ᙊ#Tþ;☢3Fÿ☢NḄ*"ᑣ”=oC.3ᢰᑖ/'=M$x/ElḄឋ⊤ᙠ஺C.!☢$1ᶍ#$%&'()Ḅ*1+$2ᵨ,./$᳛஺

50S3ᙠ4%5&67r=z5:஺AS;<=ᑖ☢'z>Ḅ☟@lz<᦮!☢'z>ḄBឋ@CDḄEFᢣ᪗I஺B.qJKᓫᐗNO5(஺C.P"P!ᔣ{yJKRSTᢞVḄᨬᜧᢴZ5&I஺A4[\[]ᙊ_᝞JᡠKᐸ☢m-mcḄ@de஺D.-WO+M>=-M8ᵫg᪷ijḄdklmᡂ[mᔠ☢Zᩚ஺qmᔠ☢Ḅ)rᑖs᝞J$a,
bᡠKᑣtuvwᐸ஺A.xyឋzjEFijM(b)

6ᙠ4{():᜜&@Ḅ}~ᔣᑖs>஺A.ᚖ\JKd\ᙊ>q☢”Ḅi'ᑁ=°,ᑣ᜜&ᏔM{^2ḄᐵI஺B.M=2AGJK᫡:☢BcḄᑁ&I஺dO,஺=046.ᙊ☢ZᩚḄᩞᧇ{ᩚᢝz(qᐸ\[ᑣZᩚḄZ&IZᩚḄ$oD.1/1647.᫡]&᝞JᡠKᐸ:஺B.AB¡<%ᑗ4BC¡<£448.᫡+ᵨᙠc
$☢3Ḅ᎔“”᝞6+ᑮ᫡Ḅ0$☢.ᑣ᫡ḄJ13,$C.¤ὅᦋ(§ὅz(

749.`$☢᫡ᔜO$☢ḄVWᙳ(zᑣ6ᐸ$☢ᢥ78ᡠḄ᫡Ḅᨬ,•■0©T(B)(C)(D)A.A.50.᝞JᡠKªᩚᵨg!ijḄ«┑yᙠRS®c¯°ªᩚ{«┑Ḅᩞᧇijªᩚ±FI6,²F³´┑Ḅ\d,µª&IP,ᩞᧇḄ¶ᵨ%ᑗ5&Iಘᑣ«┑Ḅ%ᑗEFᩩTI஺1.᫡ḄᢰF஺rA.º☢c»[¼P᫡>ᚖ\ᔣḄ½¾rB.º☢)¿P᫡>ᚖ\ᔣḄ½¾rc.º☢)¿P᫡>ᔣḄ½¾rD.º☢)¿Ḅ½¾ਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3B

82.wᑡᔜ᫡☢Ḅ☢Æid஺qᐸcḄ%&Çidᑣ☢cḄᨬᜧ%5&ᨬᜧ஺rA.@)CB.È)rc.ᙊ)rD.ↈÊᙊËਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3DCDᙊ_ᙠ᜜&ÌᵨwÍÎJKḄẚÐ)7஺ᐸẚФḄ]&r᝱᝞JᡠK஺A.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3D4.ᙠwᑡgt³ᩞᧇ:78zÒ5ᵨᔜᔣjឋᎷµ஺72ᑖrA.ClrB.Ôᴻrc.ÖᩈrD.CØਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3cJK®]ᙳÚÛ₹gÌᵨq()¤ᙠ®☢ᑜcᩩ¡ZB{ᑣ()§஺

9A.iiCD,aÞrB7£8IICDaz(rCABIICDaßᜧrD.23zeCDਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3A¯°JKà᫡Ḅᢙ4☢âFãijqàὅäᵫḄᢰFidPi/P=).2rB.4rc.8rD.16ਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3c8.µ[▤æ)ᩚḄ>&Pᩚ><(ᓄḄᑣᙠÍÎẚÐḄ☢c஺$2ᑖrA.᜜&[yᨬᜧè☢Æ[yᨬrB.>&[yᨬᜧè☢Æ[yᨬrc.>&z[yᨬᜧé☢Æ[yᨬrD.>&☢Æê[yᨬᜧਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3D9.ᑨì[!ZᩚíeîïZ:Ḅð[ïñòᐰ☢ὃ⇋ᩚḄ).(2ᑖ)

10rA.ᩞᧇr᝱F☢)r{÷ørB.Û₹r᝱F☢)r{÷ørC.Û₹ᩞᧇF☢)r{÷ørD.Û₹ᩞᧇr᝱☢)r{÷øਭ᪗ÁÂᫀ3A10.ᙠwᑡgtuv:ùI£4஺$2ᑖCA.Û₹Ìᵨᙠ᫡Ḅúᔣ'ù☢ᑁrB.Û₹ûᨵý:&ᏔOý:&{ᑖÚÛ₹rc.᫡þÍÎ4zÍÎ{ªZ()rD.᫡Ḅᔜ!☢cᙳO%&è4@Iÿਭ᪗ᫀD11.ᩚᐸᵨḼ஺ᐸm-m☢Ḅ,A,N=TPB.N=-2Prc.N=-7!D.N=-Pਭ᪗ᫀD12.$%&'(ᳮḄ*ᵨᩩ,-$2ᑖrA./$ᑗ%1᝱rB.3⊝%1᝱rc.5ឋ8

11rD.ᔜᔣ;ឋᩞᧇਭ᪗ᫀB13.>ᨵ@ABCজ5ឋEFḄ°■-£ᐵLM(-ឋḄNঝ5ᛛឋEFḄ0-£ᐵLM(-QឋḄ஺RSὃ⇋ᔂWXYZᑣBC()஺(2ᑖ)CA.জ^_Zঝ┯arB.জঝb^_rC.ঝ^_Zজ┯arD.জঝb┯aਭ᪗ᫀc14.cdeḄ@Aẚghi᝞(a),(b)ᡠZᐸ()஺A.(a)lmẚgZ(b)noẚgCB.(a),(b)ᙳlmẚgCC.(a)noẚgZ(b)lmẚgCD.(a),(b)ᙳnoẚgਭ᪗ᫀA15.᪀,ḄrsZtsuv(ឋ()஺(2ᑖ)rA.wxᩞᧇḄyឋzᨵᐵrB.wx᪀,ḄF1{|ᨵᐵrC.x}ὅbᨵᐵrD.x}ὅbᐵਭ᪗ᫀc

1216.ᙠ᫡ḄᜐZRZᏔᵨZᑣᙠᜐ᫡Ḅ.
2ᑖrA.$ZSᐝrB.$ZᐝrC.$SZSᐝrD.$SZᐝਭ᪗ᫀB17.ᙳᒴឋᎷZᩞᧇᑁᔜḄ$-;Ḅ஺$2ᑖCA.%CB.%ECC.rD.yឋzਭ᪗ᫀD18.^hF☢'ᩚZᢙ☢w,ᙠᓻ◅☢ZM,nAᜐᨵᨬᜧ^%0■uᨬᜧ$%r஺RᩞᧇcdeZᑣᐸtsᩩ,஺THcqJ”+0M754ᓃ]2D.+4r<[ct]

13ਭ᪗ᫀD19.£¤/¥᫡Zᵫ3☢Ꮇ§¨©ª஺1MB.f=—PCcT=—ICD.ឋ«F¬ਭ᪗ᫀB20.,®ᐭ°±▤³´Z⊤☢¶ª>஺2ᑖCA.·☢rB.¸☢rc.jᡠᙠ☢rᡠᙠ☢ਭ᪗ᫀC21.ᙠ☢ZMu$஺Ḅ¹º-0¬A.M^ZQ¼rB.M¼Z஺^rC.MZ஺ᙳ^cD.M0ᙳ¼ਭ᪗ᫀB

1422.®ᐭ°±▤³½´Zᩞᧇ¾¿EF஺rA.5ឋrB.5ឋrc.ᛛឋrD.5ᛛឋਭ᪗ᫀD23.ᙠv(ឋÀÁZᨵ§Â¾¿@AXYM-ᵨÃÄᩚḄÅiÀÁÄᩚḄÆÇÈZM-ᵨÄᩚḄÅiÀÁÃÄᩚḄÆÇÈ஺ᐸ´É-oCA.ÊὅḄËÉ̤ÍᐰZ´ὅ̤SÍᐰrB.}ὅḄËÉb̤Íᐰrc.ÊὅḄËÉ̤SÍᐰZ´ὅ̤ÍᐰrD.}ὅ̤SÍᐰਭ᪗ᫀD24.ϳ᫡ÐÑ^ḄᵨZᑣ☠Ó⚔☢u☠ÓÕ☢Ḅ¸ᔣÖ×$$2ᑖCA.ᑖØ-mÄZÙÚḄrB.ᑖØ-ÙÚZmÄḄrc.ᙳ-mÄrD.ᙳ-ÙÚਭ᪗ᫀB25.᪷ÜᙊnoḄ3☢ᎷZ§½ᙊnoÞᐸ·☢஺$2ᑖCA.F1{|SEZßàCB.F1{|ᦋEZßàrc.F1{|SEZßSâᢝrD.F1{|ᦋEZßSâᢝਭ᪗ᫀA

15%26.ᵨ᫡Ḅ¥^%tsᩩ,().(2ᑖ)rA.wÂ_(᫡Ḅä§W₹rB.wÂ᪥᪶᫡Ḅtsrc.wÂÀ᫡Ḅ☢{|rD.§½èé½h☢Ḅê⚪ਭ᪗ᫀD27.¨,ZhF├í@ᙽïs'Ḅð¨ᙠMñ஺ðḄᨬᜧlm%ஹᢴÈ%ஹ$ᑗ%ᑖØஹஹᑣôᨬᜧCB.O"ᨬᜧrc.rᨬᜧcD.A%M᪵ᜧਭ᪗ᫀD28.M÷ø᫡ùᐸᡠᙠᙶ᪗L᝞ᡠZᐸûᵫüḄ஺A.ᢰs^Zoþ¼

16rB.ᢰs¼Zoþ^rc.ᢰsuoþb^CD.ᢰsuoþb¼ਭ᪗ᫀA30.ᵫ¤ÿᨵ
▤ḄᛛឋᩞᧇᡠḄ᩽▲᜜2gᑖrA.0.2Ḅ$%rB.0.2%Ḅ$%CC.0.2Ḅᛛឋ$rD.0.2%ᛛឋ$ਭ᪗()ᫀ+D31.,-./ᙊ123☢5”Ḅ789:஺&=°,ᑣ᜜ᏔMB“2ḄᐵD஺r"G.“1=”2rBJ=2Jrc=rDM3M1=2ਭ᪗()ᫀ+B32.᝞,ᡠ-LMN⊤-ᓫᐗR$STḄSUᑣVᓫᐗRḄW$஺

17'A஺rB.5_a2Xc.2arD.£-2a2ਭ᪗()ᫀ+c33.YZ[᫡]^ᢣ`Ḅ3☢ᩭbᙠdḄeᔣ᜜ghḄij஺2ᑖCA.klᔣmᡈolᔣprB.kᡈolᔣmcC.klᔣpᡈolᔣmrD.kᡈolᔣpਭ᪗()ᫀ+B34.ᙠ᫡Ḅ]^m2qr₹ᵨᑣV᫡mḄ஺2ᑖCA.W^`urB.Wᦪcc.ijurD.ijᦪਭ᪗()ᫀ+B35.gwxyᦋᵨ{|}~yT}ᩚḄ.rA.

18rB.rc.rD.ਭ᪗()ᫀ+A36.^τḄ᫡2^Ꮤ“஺ᙠ᫡m᫡ᑁḄᨬᜧW0n1axBᨬᜧijMmaxᑖ37.A.ᜧ3kN,ᔣᔣmCB.ᜧ3kN,ᔣᔣprC.ᜧ6kN,ᔣᔣmCD.ᜧ6kN,ᔣᔣpਭ᪗()ᫀ+D

1938.⊤-89$SḄ.2ᑖCA.89:P,ᓫ89:6rB.6,0rc.0BerD.PBeਭ᪗()ᫀ+B39.ᙠpᑡb¢┯¤Ḅ஺2ᑖrA.¥ᑖNB:rB.|¦Ḅᒹ¨NB:rc.|¦©ªN«ᙠ:rD.^N☢ᐗ¬¥ªNB:ਭ᪗()ᫀ+B40.L,a
,b
ᡠ-®᪷᫡Ḅ°¥r₹ᑖFLBூ²௃2஺2´᫡Ḅᩞᧇ7,µ¶2/¸L=஺rB.4CC.8CD.16ਭ᪗()ᫀ+C

2041.ᩚḄ^¹ºᵫ^¹¼½¾ឋᜋm᝞,ᡠ-஺ᐸDᦪḄÂ஺rA஻<0.7rBcc.l2ਭ᪗()ᫀ+D43.ᙠ1ᔣÃᩚB8ᙊ1Ḅe3☢mᑖ$஺$2ᑖrA.NNrB.::rc.N:rD.:Nਭ᪗()ᫀ+c44.ᙠpᑡᐵY᫡9:Ḅb¢┯¤Ḅ஺$2ᑖrA.9:e3☢Äឋ19ÅḄ:rB.9:$SÆT^e3☢ÇḄᜳ:rc.9:ᢰÊNËᑗNÍ1ᔣᙶ᪗1ÇḄᜳ:rD.9:e3☢Ä᫡1N9ÅḄ:ਭ᪗()ᫀ+D45.,-Ï᪷᫡᫡Ḅij,ÍÐÑḄij,7Ò஺

21rB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗()ᫀ+D46.ᙠ,-ÓÔ᫡Ḅ4cmᔜ3☢mḄ஺djfrn.DXA.Ö7ijrB.Wij7rc.WBijᙳ7rD.WBijᙳਭ᪗()ᫀ+A47.ØmÙÚÛ᳛$ḄᩞᧇÝᾪឋᩞᧇ஺CAß<5%XB5V05%

22Xc.5<5rD<5<05ਭ᪗()ᫀ+A48.,-᫡2ᏔM஺ᙠ᫡màáᑣ᫡Ḅ஺A.â$ᓄB¹$rB.â$B¹$ᓄrc.âBB¹ä$rD.âBB¹ä$ᓄਭ᪗()ᫀ+B49.ᵯæç1e3☢m8jÍç1Ḅᡂh5஺$2ᑖrA.ç⌴ê᳛NCB.9ënCC./ìDCD.Wᑗ¾ឋíGਭ᪗()ᫀ+A50.A3yᑴᡂḄ®¹ïᙊððIÍ/ìdË5ñòó¥ᵨôÃõö÷øVðḄùú஺
2ᑖrA.5CB.25rc.5orD.100ਭ᪗()ᫀ+B

231.jS3☢᫡WᑗiÊᙠe3☢Ḅឋ1ᜐ஺CA.hᨬᜧWuCB.huWᨬᜧrc.hBWᙳᨬᜧrD.hBWᙳuਭ᪗()ᫀ+B2.üýÃᩚe3☢mhõöb=A"*Ẇÿᩚ
Ḅ.2ᑖrA.ᩚ
ḄᜧrB.ᩚ
ᔲឋḄrc.ᙠ☢ḄᑖrD.᜜Ḅᐵਭ᪗#$ᫀ&c'()*᫡,-.PḄ/ᵨ1a,b஺ᐸᨬᜧᢰ678ᙠ஺'A.-.P/ᵨᜐCB..:☢ᜐrc.;<=ᜐrD.;<ᨬᜧᜐਭ᪗#$ᫀ&C4.>?@ᳮᵫᓫᐗEḄFGḄ஺

24rA.☟L⊝ᐵrB.OPᐵrc.ᱥᳮᐵrD.S6ᩩ
ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&A5.ᵫUVWᑴᡂḄZ[\ᩚ1]^_/`ᓄb1ᐸ஺rA.cឋde1S6frB.cឋf1S6derc.cឋgS6hderD.cឋgS6hfਭ᪗#$ᫀ&B6.ijklmno᳛Ḅᩞᧇsᾪឋᩞᧇ.2ᑖrA15<5%rB<5<0_5%rcx<5[D<5<05ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&A7.{,|ᙊ.Ḅᨬᜧ>r,ᑣᨬᜧ஺rA.Gᙠ☢1ᐸrrB.Gᙠ45°☢1ᐸ2rCc.Gᙠ☢1ᐸ2rrD.Gᙠ45°☢1ᐸrਭ᪗#$ᫀ&D

258.ᔣ\ᩚ1ᙠᐸLḄᔣ☢).CA.=1>f=CB.f=1>=CC.g>ᙳf=CD.g>ᙳ=ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&D9.᫡Ḅ,ᐵ.:☢s1ᑣᙠ.:☢஺rA.>=1f=rB.>f=1=rc.>gᙳ=rD.>gᙳf=ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&B10.᝞'ᡠ(1ᙠLg,᪝ᙌ1deS6஺rA.᪝ḄorB.᪝Ḅ>ᑗrc.᪝Ḅᢴ\rD.LḄᢴ\ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&D11..ឋ᫡ḄḄ¡஺

26rA.ᔣs☢☢rB.ᔣs☢.ឋ¢rc.☢.ឋ¢rD.☢⚔☢ᡈ¥☢ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&c12.'(ᩈ§¨ᜮ1ª«¬ᑖ®¯ᐰ᪵஺²³/ᵨ´1¨ᜮḄᢴ\☢µ@.¶B.cbrc&rD.fcਭ᪗#$ᫀ&B.a,><7,><7,>013.ᓫᐗEḄ·τ12311ᑣᐸᑁᨬᜧ>஺

27'(᫡$C.¼$஺CA.☟᫡rB.᜜o᫡rc.½¾᫡rD.)*᫡ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&A15.'()ᓫ᪹À1ᩚ1gᩚ2Ḅ☢☢µᙳÁ1ÂᵨᙳÃH,{Æ192ᑖÇ⊤(ᩚ1gᩚ2Ḅ1ᑣᙠÉᑡËÌ.1¶A.Í₹Ï=COSa+NacosÑCBN—a=N¶C.ÂÍ₹[Ï]="]j(cosa+cosP)CD.ÂÍ₹[p]<[

28¡B.%c஺+%r2rD2ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&B17.)*᫡,ᙳÍ₹/ᵨ1᝞'ᡠ(஺²᫡78L☢Ô´1ᙠᐸ.:
x=l/2☢Ḅ.ឋo'A.g>ᙳ=CB.g>ᙳf=rc.=1>f=CD.f=1>=ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&A18.ᔜ⚗ÞឋᩞᧇḄßឋlᦪE'G'":áâᐵ஺ECA.G=—=—2(1+஻)"2£¡c.G1+

292ErD.G=—ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&A19.Éᑡéê☢᫡1ᩞᧇg☢☢µë@஺ìS6íîὃ⇋1'ᡠ(☢᫡ᙠñò☢ᑁᡠóôõöḄᨬᜧᨬᜧ஺20.21.

30▤§ᩚ/c᝞'ᡠ(1{øù1ùḄᑖÇMgM,ᑖú³1û1ᑣ஺aa,A.M=^2,l2=C0H0r21CcJV^=jV,0ro221CD.N^N.o\=o?X2ਭ᪗#$ᫀ&c22.üᨵ.¼Ḅ☟᫡,Í᝞'ᡠ(1Éᑡ.Ḅ.þA.ÿ
ᡈ4=°CB.
Ꮤ=0rc.
=orD.
Ḅᨬᜧਭ᪗ᫀD23.ẚ"஺CA.$%&☢()CB.$%&☢*)rc.$45°+,☢()cD.$45°+,☢*)ਭ᪗ᫀC

3125.᜜.᫡01ᙳ34₹9,ᐸ78&☢°Ḅ.c:*Qcᑖ<=)o26.?@ᔣ(.BCᩚ⌱ᵨGHIJḄ&☢KLᙊKNOPKNQRᙊNSTGHUVḄᩞᧇᵨYNᑣ"஺CA.OPK&☢ᨬḕᧇrB.ᙊK&☢ᨬḕᧇrc.QRᙊ&☢ᨬḕrD.Gὅᵨᧇ]Jਭ᪗ᫀD27.^1ᙊ@⊤☢`Nabcᓫᐗfabed,gKh=OPKNgKijgᡂl"mnᡠpḄKL஺

326£:£¥£b(C)28.cq᫡᝞lᡠpN?jl(")ᡠpḄ04PvNᙠ4₹ᜧxIgḄᩩzᦋ=l(6)ᡠpḄ04PvNᑣ᫡ᑁḄᨬᜧ■«:ᨬᜧCB.ὅxrIgN0HxrD.ὅIgਭ᪗ᫀA29.▤§¨ABஹBCª«Ḅᩞᧇ]^®¯°Y,AB«.BC«#$☢ḄᨬᜧX*+ᑖ'(‘'´ᓫ¾¿Àµ¶ᑖ'(ᑁ᜜%ᑣ¸ḄᩩC'⊈'E!ᩩC%1,»Ḅ¡⊈!%1ᑖ'((

33rA.r2B3i=1AB8⊈trB.AB"asi=rc.fasi=rBC83=8j5PD.%=z8=8ਭ᪗ᫀD30.BC᫡NᙠzUVzN"┯Ḅ஺CA.᫡ᑁᨬᜧḄObᙠᨬᜧḄ&☢`rB.᫡ᑁᨬᜧḄ*bᙠ*ᨬᜧḄ&`rc.᫡ᑁᨬᜧḄO:ᨬᜧḄ*IcbᙠJc&☢`rD.ᙠJ&☢`IJb᫡ᑁᨬᜧḄO:ᨬᜧḄ*ਭ᪗ᫀD31.᫡ᢰnᑖPy”=Mx
/EIᙠ"ᩩzᡂ஺CA.᫡ḄgKxgKrB.ᩞᧇ^rC.ᢰnᙠxoy☢ᑁrD.JA,B,Cਭ᪗ᫀD32.

34¡¢Ḅ-gn᝞lᡠpN¤¥¦-gn`/¨iᔂ4N]Ḅgᐵ«᝞l7Ḅ"ᡠp.A.n¬rB.ᢚn®orc.Cn©rD.Cnqਭ᪗ᫀc33.ᙳᒴឋᎷ´µ=Nᩞᧇᑁ¶ᔜ¨Ḅ"]JḄ஺CA.CB.grc.¸¹rD.ºឋ»ਭ᪗ᫀD34.ᔜ⚗JឋᎷ´µ=Nᩞᧇ$ᔜ½Pᔣᐸᨵ]JḄ"஺rA.ºឋ»rB.᜜rc.gKrD.¸¹ਭ᪗ᫀA35.QRᙊ@N&☢`Ḅ᝞lᡠpN]Ḅ*ᑖ3᝞l"ᡠp஺

3537.ᙊ$☢ᩚḄᢙV$☢Âw(Ãᓻ◅$☢ḄVW(ÀW(“3ᩞᧇḄᢙÆᢙ)ᵨ*+ᑖ'(k],ᑣÇᩚḄᩩCS7

36rA.J%+ᵨshlrB.rc.5¿+pN+-Î]

37rc.ᔣ`Ḅᙳ34₹rD.ᔣzḄᙳ34₹ਭ᪗ᫀc40.c½Ñ᪀7ᨵG᪷(Ôᩚ஺´ᵫÖG᪷ᩚḄ×ØᩩÙḄÑ᪀Ú4₹ᑖ<=஽NÜÐᑣÆÑ᪀ḄÝ▭Ú4₹[p]=()«rAᱏrB.Z>rC.T>rDᔊ+R)/2ਭ᪗ᫀc41.lp▤âKᩚ31G½Ã7äÅᵨN´43,3C:CDÌḄ%&☢☢åᑖ<=æN2æN3^,ᑣGÌᩚḄ%&☢`()஺'A.@IBN]BCB.@]BNIBrc.@:]BrD.@:IBਭ᪗ᫀA42.q᫡`Åᵨᙳ344:Ã7Ꮤ¤ᙠ᫡`çè¹éN᫡Ḅ()0

38rA.M,°ÝÞᓄJrB.°Ý°Þᓄrc.“uᦋÞ஺°ÞrD.M°Þ஺ᦋÞ஺ਭ᪗ᫀC43.¡¢N¤ᓫᔣ(.Iᜧ"Nb=E£ᡂ஺rA.Së᩽▲᜜rB.îឋ᩽▲qrc.ï᩽▲rD.×Ø᩽▲qਭ᪗ᫀA44.´ð᪀N^×ØP☢ὃ⇋óô".CA.õÅW᩽▲rB.õÅwÚᵨrC.᩽▲wõÅCD.᩽▲wÚᵨਭ᪗ᫀB45.ᙠÇø*ᑗ×ØḄÝᵨðú7N*ᑗÚᵨJᵫ"ôᑮḄ஺CA.üÙðúrB.(.ý

39rc.*ᑗýrD.ýਭ᪗ᫀc46.ᙠlp1ᙊ@`N@Ḅ8
1Ì"஺CA.ᨵgKN¬¸¹rB.ᨵ¸¹N¬gKrc.þᨵgKNÄᨵ¸¹rD.þ¬gKNĬ¸¹ਭ᪗ᫀB47.ᙠᩞᧇ]JḄᩩzNÿḼ
Ḅᜧ஺rA.ᩚḄḄᩚrB.ᩚḄḄᩚrc.ᩚᩚḄᙳḄrD.ᩚᩚḄᙳḄਭ᪗ᫀc48.!"#$%&"1ஹ2Ḅ()ᑖ+,“.”2஺01ᐭ134᳛678&8Ḅᨬᜧ<67ᑣ>?Ḅ()@=()O

4049.ABCD᫡FGᢣIḄJ☢ᩭMᙠOḄPᔣ᜜STUVḄWX.rA.Z[ᔣ\ᡈ^[ᔣ_rB.Zᡈ^[ᔣ\rc.Z[ᔣ_ᡈ^[ᔣ\cD.Zᡈ^[ᔣ_ਭ᪗ᫀB50.ᐵBabcឋeᨵg_>hijজᢙ

411.yBzឋD☢\Ḅ{|ᙊ~3,ᙠ\☢ᜐᑮGzឋᙊ~qᜮḄᵨ᝞ᡠ0qᜮᙊ~3ḄPJ☢☢ᑖ+,150mm:25SWTJ,ᙊ~43Ḅᵨq=100MPa,ᵨᢴq஺»1=2004,ᑣᙊ~4RS஺A.UᢴqẚrB.Uqrẚrc.UqrᢴqẚrD.ẚਭ᪗ᫀB

42A.ᜧ67V6rB.ᜧ7V6rc.ᜧ67VCD.ᜧ7Vਭ᪗ᫀC15.XJ☢0ᐸuhb,0.5b,ᑣᐸᢙWJ☢Wz,Wyᑖ+,¡ᩭḄ஺A.0.25,0.5CB.0.5,0.25CC.0.5,0.5CD.0.25,0.25ਭ᪗ᫀB16.¢ᜮḄᢴq☢7B.

43£D.fcਭ᪗ᫀB18.¤᫡Ḅ<᝞ᡠᵨBJ☢BᜐḄ¥஺5kNA.ᜧ,3kN,¦ᔣᔣ\CB.ᜧ,3kN,¦ᔣᔣ_CC.ᜧ,6kN,¦ᔣᔣ\CD.ᜧ,6kN,¦ᔣᔣ_ਭ᪗ᫀD19.ᔜ¨ᜧ
ᩚḄᢙWJ☢zᙳ6஺ᙠPᵨ_¨ᨬᐜᜫ«஺20.XJ☢᫡0J☢ux¬1ᑣᐸsS®uᑮ¡ᩭḄ஺rA.2

44rB.4rc.8rD.16ਭ᪗ᫀc21.ᙳᒴឋᎷ¤±,ᩞᧇᑁµᔜ¶Ḅ6Ḅ஺CA.rB.rc.·¸rD.cឋ¹ਭ᪗ᫀDD22.(),ᑐḄ»ᙊ?>¼½Xᵨ?ᑁᨬᜧ<,¾஺0?Ḅ()ᦋ,2,ᑣ?ᑁḄᨬᜧ<,).rA.2rrDI6rਭ᪗ᫀc23.mᩚÁ?ᔣmÂḄᵨ஺¤ÃJ☢ÄGộḄ☢,d,ᑣb=,஺'A.PJ☢\ḄVrB.ÃJ☢\Ḅ<rc.ÃJ☢\ḄV

45rD.ÃJ☢\Ḅਭ᪗ᫀD24.ᓫ·¼½Ç°É()Ëᐵ஺rA.?ICB.¼Xrc.ᩞᧇឋ¹rD.J☢ÌÍឋ¹ਭ᪗ᫀA25.ᙠÎÏÐÑ_J☢\WXM•,V<஺,Ḅ()஺...n.(A)(B)(C)(D)CA.ACB.BrC.CrD.Dਭ᪗ᫀB26.G᪷Ô?Ḅᑁ᜜)ᑖ+,“D,×D=2dᐸᢙ¼J☢,()஺rB."ಘ332

46£C.”¬4327rD.—16ਭ᪗ᫀB%ÚÛ27.ᵨ᫡ḄWÜVsᩩÞ()rA.ßewI᫡Ḅàá₹rB.ße᪥᪶᫡Ḅsrc.ße¤å᫡ḄJ☢æçrD.àgèég\ê¦☢Ḅë⚪ਭ᪗ᫀD28.ᐵBabcឋeᨵg_>hijজᢙ

47CA.No9஺£B.ᐜGó£C.-y஺ô/D.-y஺Góਭ᪗ᫀB30.õö÷ḄᵨH=.C/X.ff/nfCBq/”CC.ajnCD.a/nbਭ᪗ᫀc31.ᙠ_ᑡᐵB᫡½ÇḄMù┯ûḄ஺rA.½ÇPJ☢üឋ?½ýḄÇ·¸CB.½ÇíïGPJ☢þḄᜳrc.
ᢰᑗᔣᙶ᪗ḄᜳrD.
☢᫡
Ḅਭ᪗ᫀD32.ᩚᔣ!"PḄ#ᵨ%ᐸ'(!")+,ᐵ஺rA.ᩚḄᩞ0CB.ᩚḄrc.ᩚḄ!"Ḅᜧ2rD.ᩚḄ☢34567ਭ᪗ᫀC

4833.9:;?@ᙊ☢%ᐸ᩽CឋEᑖG☢ozrḄCឋErB.Sm᦮>☢ozḄ☟E%hnᑖ☢ozḄCឋErc.sm%uᑖG☢ozḄ☟E%CឋEਭ᪗ᫀA37.wxḄyᢣ᪗<)+஺CA.a3ZBqCcq52CD.q,o■75qਭ᪗ᫀB39.|}ᓫᐗ)+,h஺

49A.XᔣrB.yᔣrc.,%y=>ᔣrD.ᔣਭ᪗ᫀc40.|}%ᢞḄᨬᜧᢴ!h"<().41.cNᙊ᝞|ᡠ}%ᐸ☢m-mḄNE()஺

50ZA"o+M஺rB.M-M=o00rC.2M-M=M000ZD.-2A/+M=—•A/'஺0ਭ᪗ᫀD43.ᙠf5N
3l%᜜"EḄPᔣᑖG)+஺rA.ᚖ:%rB.ᚖ:rc.%ᚖ:rD.ਭ᪗ᫀA44.|}:ᙊ%☢3,4ḄoN
ᑁ*=°,ᑣ᜜"ᏔM5“2Ḅᐵ<஺A."l="2CBAf=2Mt2cCM=1M2XrDM=3Mt2ਭ᪗ᫀB

5145.|}¡¢᫡l☢BḄᑁ"<)+஺qZA.W=O,0=0rB.J/=O,0#orco,0=orD.A/ro,0roਭ᪗ᫀc46.ᙊ☢!ᩚḄᩞᧇ5ᩚ¤¥¦§ᢝ©%ªᐸ:;«2c¬%ᑣ!ᩚḄ'(!"

52!ᩚḄ(),ᑣᐸ'(h"V"²ᜧ.(2ᑖ)rA.³ឋOPE²ᜧᡈµa²2rB.³ឋOPE²ᜧᡈµ4²ᜧrC.³ឋOPE²2ᡈµ4²ᜧrD.³ឋOPE²2ᡈµz²2ਭ᪗ᫀA48.᫡+ᵨᙠc
$☢3Ḅ᎔“2”᝞6+ᑮ᫡ḄC$☢ᑣ᫡ḄLMHXJI஺1,(),arA.¶ὅ©%¸ὅᦋrB.=ὅºᦋrc.¶ὅᦋ%¸ὅ©rD.=ὅº©ᦋਭ᪗ᫀC49.[T`$☢᫡ᔜOæ☢ḄVWᙳ(z.ᑣ6ᐸ$☢ᢥ()ᡠḄ᫡Ḅᨬ஺•XTT®(B)(C)(D)rA.A.

5350.᝞ᡠÆᩚᵨNO]^Ḅç┑cᙠéêëÆᩚ!ç┑Ḅᩞᧇ]^Æᩚì(íç┑Ḅ®¯îÆ+(x,ᩞᧇḄ)ᵨXᑗ*+(FLᑣ⛲┑ḄXᑗᩩC(78.ਭ᪗óôᫀöA.ᓫ⌱⚪7ᐳ50⚪ú100ᑖ81.û¯(üḄᙊ¨ᢙÀ$☢(
஺)2ᑖ8

54rB.).ZTGR4r2CD,¼4ਭ᪗ᫀC᫡Þ`ýḄ¨þ(X¨Þ`ÿ
☢ᙠᙶ᪗$aḄᢰᑖV஺ᑣᙠᙶ᪗
☢ḄᢰᑖZA.y56஺0ZB.ᓅ5c

55/aih.-.iD2-4.rB.ndh,-^\D2-d1)4rc.M/JM?4♦JrD.M:D2-d2)ਭ᪗ᫀBrA./<0.7rB.0.72ਭ᪗ᫀD8.456᪷.ᩚ9
☢☢,:ᩞᧇᔜ>?@ABCḄ12?@஺2ᑖ2

56rA.ᦪrB.ÀZc.µZD.'(!"ਭ᪗ᫀBÁᩚ᝞|ᡠ}%ªL"ÂB☢ÃÄ°☢%ᑣÅᨵ)+©ᦋ஺
2ᑖ+ZA.Ç>☢Ḅ"ZB.Ç>☢Ḅh"rc.ᩚḄÈ3ZD.ᩚɤḄ¥¦Ê"ਭ᪗ᫀD10.᫡ᙠËl"Ꮤ#ᵨ☢ᜐ)+.
2ᑖ+rA.஺|ᨵÍ%M|,ᓄZB.M|ᨵÍ%஺ᨵᢚZC.M|ᨵÍ%஺,ᓄZD.M|ᨵÍ%஺|ᨵᢚਭ᪗ᫀC11.ÐÑÒḄh"-h᝞|ᡠ}%ᐸ)+ÓḄÔᙶ᪗Õ<ÖÒḄy᩽▲.

57ਭ᪗ᫀc12.D%EᙊF⊤☢HI'ᓫᐗLabed,MNOPQNMNRSMᡂ412UVᡠ5ḄNX஺ccØLunna□*(A)(B)(C)(D)rA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀB13.*ᑗZ[\]Ḅ⊤^_`()஺(2ᑖ)rA.r=£rrB.T=GErc.t=Gr

58Z7ਭ᪗ᫀC|}Þ%9Òß5àá┑Ḅᢴ!h"ᑖG<4ã2,ᑣäὅḄᜧ2ᐵ)
2ᑖ+ZA.%1<0åZB.=.2ZC.kᔩ.2rD.©çèḄਭ᪗ᫀB15.ᙠéᑡyᩩḄ⊤íjl%Å〉ᵨᛛឋᙊfNðᔠ3òóḄ)+.$2ᑖ+CA.a-a<[a]t3rB.7a1+3r5^[a]rC.7a5+4r5^[a]wਭ᪗ᫀD16.ᙠ|}ôõòóé%☢fEM•<ö%g"஺<÷Ḅ)+஺øI,)øø:HøA
B
C
D
$2ᑖ+rA.ArB.B

59rc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀB17.ᓫüN
6)+,ᐵ஺)2ᑖ+rA./rB.NEZC.ᩞᧇឋD.☢ឋਭ᪗ᫀAḄ᝞ᡠᎷ!"᪗Ḅ#$ᑖ&'()ᙠḄ᪷,#$-./ᳮ1234஺32ᑖ4A.q=:B.:FC.>5=>6D.r=r7gਭ᪗ᫀAQS19.ᙠFG#$HIr='z»34஺32ᑖ4rA.SN(Oᑖ☢PzQḄ☟SL(᦮V☢PzQḄWឋSB.sN(᦮V☢PzQḄ☟SI,(Oᑖ☢PzQḄWឋSC.SN,Lᑖ[\Oᑖ☢PZQḄ☟SWឋSrD.sN,Lᑖ[\᦮V☢PzQḄ☟SWឋS

60ਭ᪗ᫀA20.'cᙠ4$a,
bᡠ5de%)X᝱#12஺B.^_ᙳabC.CB_FGᑁdbAC_abD.^_ᙳdbਭ᪗ᫀAA.efgᓄBijkagB.efagBijkgᓄrC.eflBijk'agrD.eflBijk'gᓄਭ᪗ᫀB22.ᙊF9
☢g*h),஽ḄᜧlmgᑮᙊoḄpq'ᡂPsQᔣᚖv0gḄwx஺y'z{`᪷|12}~Ḅ஺ᑖ2A.gmᐵo,ᱥᳮᐵolq⊝ᐵorB.gmᐵolᱥᳮᐵoC.ᱥᳮᐵo

61D.gmᐵoਭ᪗ᫀB25.Pstuvwᓫᔣz{$aᜧs34}~/ᡂ.$2ᑖ4CA.᩽▲ᔩB.ឋ᩽▲qrc.᩽▲3D.᩽▲.ਭ᪗ᫀA26.e᫡34Ps᫡ḄFGgmᦔᨬ஺CA.PCB.1CC.ᜧErD.ᜧIਭ᪗ᫀB27.tuvᦋᵨva34ᩚḄ¢஺$2ᑖ4rA.£¤cB.¤C.¥¦D.§¥¦ਭ᪗ᫀA28.#$-./ᳮḄ¨ᵨᩩª(3஺$2ᑖ4A.«#ᑗ$᝱

62B.q⊝$᝱rc.¯ឋ±D.ᔜᔣbឋᩞᧇਭ᪗ᫀB29.ᙠ\ឋᨵde'`ᵨᩚḄ_ᩚḄ.)'`ᵨᩚḄ_ᩚḄ.)஺ᐸR`12஺$2ᑖ2A.³ὅḄµ¶s·ᐰὅ¶sa·ᐰB.¹ὅḄµ'¶s·ᐰrc.³ὅḄµ¶sa·ᐰὅ¶s·ᐰD.¹ὅ¶sa·ᐰਭ᪗ᫀD30.A3ᑴᡂḄd$ᙊImvxds$2ᵨ(_Ḅ.)஺$2ᑖ2CA.5CB.25rC.50rD.looਭ᪗ᫀB31.'▤NᩚḄF)ᩚF`MᓄḄᑣᙠẚ£Ḅ
☢$$2ᑖ2rA.᜜»/ᨬᜧ¼☢½»/ᨬB.Q»/ᨬᜧ¼☢½»/ᨬC.Qa»/ᨬᜧ¾☢½»/ᨬrD.Q¿☢½À»/ᨬᜧਭ᪗ᫀD32..ᩚḄ'$¤\'$¥ឋ¦᝞4ᡠ5஺ᐸᦪḄª12.

63pcA."<"rB.rC,07<஻<2rD.A>2ਭ᪗ᫀc33.᫡*ᑗ¬ᐸ9
☢2஺32ᑖ2rA.ÇᨵÉ$Ê#$B.Çᨵ#$ÊÉ$C.ËᨵÉ$Ìᨵ#$rD.ËÊ#$ÌÊÉ$ਭ᪗ᫀc34.®᫡Ḅ%)¯°0±
☢ᑣ᫡Ḅ12.32ᑖ2A.MPÎ6fPÎB.MfPÎ஺PÎC.M,஺ᙳ(PÎḄD.M,஺ᙳ(fPÎḄਭ᪗ᫀA35.S᫡²)Ꮤ´µ¶᫡Ḅ32஺32ᑖ2rA.஺agMgᓄrB.0M'agC.஺gᓄMagCD.0M'gᓄ

64ਭ᪗ᫀA36.ᙠ¹º᳛5=4஻x100%
☢ᦈ½3=&4/4x100%d¿_12஺12ᑖ2A.1,4ᙳ\ÏÐÑB./\ÏÐÑ/\ÓÑrC.1,/ᙳ\ÓÑD.1\ÓÑ/\ÏÐÑਭ᪗ᫀA37.ÂÃḄÄᢣ᪗12012ᑖ2CA.asB.abC.ql/CD.a,lasbਭ᪗ᫀB38.ᐵ0ÂÃ)ÉឋᨵÊ#d¿z{জᢙ*)sᢙ()ÍÎঝ.½Äs(ºÄÐᐸ12஺12ᑖ2A.জÉÔঝaÉÔB.জaÉÔঝÉÔC.জঝ'ÉÔrD.জঝ'aÉÔਭ᪗ᫀB39.Ò\ᩞᧇḄ12hÓᵨ᪗pªᑁḄᨬl9
☢Ö×஺12ᑖ2CA.5l஻B.qlqCC.×lØrD.E,"lÙ

65ਭ᪗ᫀB40.45ᩈÙᜮ´µdÛᑖNXÜᐰ'᪵ß)àᵨÙᜮḄ*ᑗ☢,/012஺A.:rB.cbrc.&rD.FCਭ᪗ᫀc'/vᩚ23áBCáᑖÂÃᙠ412ᡠ5Ḅ%)X᝱#ᩚᨬ᧕ẚ£஺
2ᑖ2rA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀB44.ãäåæEẚ£`$.$2ᑖ2rA.ÚÛ☢zÓ

66rB.Ú45•ÝÞ☢zÓC.ÚÛ☢#Ó1D.Ú45•ÝÞ☢#Óਭ᪗ᫀC45.^iß/Ḅ£¤vàᙠáâã·ävà34åæçᜫé஺
2ᑖ4A.âᓣB.âëtC.âᓣᡈët'D.âᓣᡈët'aਭ᪗ᫀA46.ᙊQ¢îV᜜Ꮤð=î-ò=6ó-mJf3=0.2KN-m,&=0.2)*஺ül34Ḅôᵨjõ-ᣚ1÷QᑁḄᨬᜧøSᨬ஺ùM3M2”IJ____//C3ú«4rA.MrB.M2rc.M3rD.M4ਭ᪗ᫀB

6750.çèNXÜᐰ?@Ḅd᪷᫡'᪷éᩞ'᪷ᩞ஺®d᪷᫡%)X᝱ê?@ᑣBCḄ1
஺32ᑖ2A.FG$dbQ¯G᳛abB.FG$abQ¯G᳛dbC.FG$lQ¯G᳛ᙳdbCD.FG$lQ¯G᳛ᙳadbਭ᪗ᫀA'.ᓫ⌱⚪1ᐳ50⚪î100ᑖ21.0ïឋ☢ḄðñᙊLò3,ᙠ$☢oᜐ%ᑮ'ïឋᙊ.ᜮḄàᵨ᝞4ᡠ5®ô~.ᜮᙊõḄ9
☢☢,ᑖ15sm,ᙊò3Ḅöᵨ.h)öᵨᢴ.h)ᑣᙊHRS12஺2ᑖ2A.þÿᢴ
ẚCB.
ẚC.
ᢴ
ẚD.ẚਭ᪗ᫀB8.45ᙊF
☢C´µd÷ḄEøMc+Ḅ12஺

68rB.ᜧrc.ᜧrD.ᜧਭ᪗ᫀcdூMdxi10.᪷|ùᑖᐵ_~12஺$2ᑖ2rA.g,ᔣ!"#rB.g,ᔣ!"#$%rc.g,ᔣ&!"#rD.g,ᔣ&!"#'%ਭ᪗ᫀc15.45øN
☢®ᐸÐh>Múbû0.5b,ᑣᐸᢙ¬
☢üýWz,WyᑖûþᩭḄ
஺y
2ᑖCA.0.25,0.5CB.0.5,0.25rC.0.5,0.5

69rD.0.25,0.25ਭ᪗ᫀB16.ᩈἱᜮᑖᐰ᪵஺,ᵨᜮḄᢴ☢!"
஺$2ᑖA.ahB.cbrc.ibru.icᫀB17.ᾪឋᩞᧇᑴᡂḄ)*ᙊ,-./ẚ1ᐸ34☢56789:Ḅᜧ<ᑖ=᝞
ᡠ஺
2ᑖrA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀc18.@᫡Ḅ6᝞ᡠᵨ"4☢BᜐḄCD
஺

70|Q3kN$2ᑖA.ᜧ%3kN,(ᔣᔣB.ᜧ%3kN,(ᔣᔣ&C.ᜧ%6kN,(ᔣᔣD.ᜧ%6kN,(ᔣᔣ&ਭ᪗ᫀD19.ᔜFᜧGHᩚḄJHᢙL4☢MHᙳOP஺ᙠPᵨR
FᨬᐜᜫV஺$2ᑖCA.ACB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀD20.W4☢᫡X4☢YHZ[H\]^1_ᑣᐸaHbcYᑮeᩭḄ
_஺$2ᑖrA.2rB.4rc.8rD.16ਭ᪗ᫀc21.ᙳᒴឋᎷ@jkᩞᧇᑁᔜmḄ$nOPḄ஺$2ᑖA.)*

71rB.)+rc.,-rD.*.ឋ0ਭ᪗ᫀDD22.o:kᑐḄqrᙊstu)*Wᵨsᑁᨬᜧ67kXsḄo:ᦋk2,ᑣsᑁḄᨬᜧ67wk
஺ᑖA.2rB.4rrC.8rD.16rਭ᪗ᫀC23.xᩚyusᔣx{Ḅᵨ஺@|4☢}ộḄ☢k4,ᑣ0={k
஺mp------------------------------m2ᑖA.12☢Ḅ)*rB.52☢Ḅ6)*C.52☢Ḅ)*D.52☢Ḅ)*ਭ᪗ᫀD24.ᓫJH)*678ᐵ஺72ᑖrA.9:/rB.

72rD.2☢?@ឋ0ਭ᪗ᫀAᙠ"BCDEF&2☢!M•%6*஺%ḄI78஺MM(C)(D)
2ᑖ8rA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀB26.K᪷MN9Ḅᑁ᜜QᑖR%஺0஺D=2dᐸᢙ<2☢UV%78.
2ᑖ8rA.cB.rc.WX432rD.7+—nd'16ਭ᪗ᫀBMM27.ᵨ᫡Ḅ[)*\]ᩩ_().(2ᑖ)

73rA.cdef᫡Ḅghi₹B.cd᪥᪶᫡Ḅ\]C.cdop᫡Ḅ2☢qrD.htuvtw(☢Ḅx⚪ਭ᪗ᫀD28.ᐵ"ឋᨵRজᢙ6ᢙxঝaHxaHYᐸD
஺$2ᑖrA.জeঝerB.জeঝerc.জঝ}erD.জঝ}eਭ᪗ᫀB@᫡wḄskxsw4☢ᙠᙶ᪗$aDḄᢰHZ*ᑖkV஺Zᑣᙠᙶ᪗$bD4☢ḄᢰHZ*ᑖk
஺
2ᑖA.~dB.ᐜK%C.-%6஺D.-y஺Kਭ᪗ᫀB30.¡¢£Ḅ¤ᵨH=
.
2ᑖCA.a!nfCB.ajnC.ajn

74r,D.

75ਭ᪗ᫀA37.ḄaHᢣ᪗k
஺
2ᑖCA.qB.abC.q/CD.a,Jasbਭ᪗ᫀB39.ᓫᐗÀ
7w஺
2ᑖA.®¯x(ᔣB.®¯y(ᔣc.¯X,y°¬(ᔣrD.¯±²(ᔣਭ᪗ᫀCÁÂᢞÄḄᨬᜧᢴ7k
஺
2ᑖP

76K<ᙊ´᝞"ᡠBᐸ2☢m-mḄ

77"BÅÆ᫡2☢BḄᑁ*%78«2ᑖ8rA.M-O,0=0rB.M=0,QWOrc.MWO,0=0rD.M#0,0WOਭ᪗ᫀc46.ᙊ2☢Ç:
ᩚḄᩞᧇᩚÈÉÊËᢝ+¾Íᐸ»QKÎᑣ
ᩚḄÏÐ
*%Ñ
ᩚḄ78஺72ᑖ8CA.1/2rB.1/4rc.1/8rD.1/16ਭ᪗ᫀD72ᑖ8

78A.ABÒIÓ[BCÒI6ᑗ[rB.ABÒI6ᑗ[BCÒIÓ[rc.ᐰ᫡ᙳIÓ[D.ᐰ᫡ᙳ%6ᑗ[ਭ᪗ᫀB48.᫡CD{ᵨᙠÅÆ"4☢3Ḅ᎔È”MÊ5᝞b{ËÌᑮ᫡ḄC4☢5.ᑣ᫡5ḄÍ01Î10Ï,((2ᑖ)A.ὅ+ὅᦋ+B.°ὅ}ᦋ+C.ὅᦋ+ὅ+D.°ὅ}ᦋ+ਭ᪗ᫀCÒᡚ☢᫡@ᔜ4☢ḄLWᙳkÔÕᑣbᐸᡚ☢ᢥ()ᡠḄ×¹=Ø᫡ḄaHᨬY3■TTTভ(B)(C)(D)ᑖ)cA.A.CB.BCC.CrD.Dਭ᪗ᫀA50.

79᝞"ᡠBØᩚᵨC¬Ḅ┶┑ÛfᙠÜÝÞßàØᩚá┑ḄᩞᧇØᩚâ]%(ã]äå┑Ḅ»Q"oØ*%ᵪ,ᩞᧇḄgᵨ6ᑗ)*%R],ᑣç┑Ḅ6ᑗ\]ᩩ_%8஺ÍA.ÙಘB.èé஺*]D.^-<[r]7tiਭ᪗ᫀA•.ᓫ⌱⚪7ᐳ50⚪ᐳ100ᑖ81.î·ïឋ¼☢Ḅðñᙊòóô5,ᙠÈ☢NᜐᑮKïឋᙊò
ᜮḄøᵨ᝞"ᡠB¾ßà
ᜮᙊòḄ12☢☢ùᑖR%150mm2,258ú2,ᙊò45Ḅgᵨ
)*[ü=10°~ýgᵨᢴ
)*10(1=9þ®,ᑣᙊ4R஺

80$2ᑖrA.ᢴẚB.ẚrc.ᢴẚrD.ẚਭ᪗ᫀB7.6ᑗÜÝÆÞḄ⊤à¹n$஺$2ᑖrA.r=ErB.T=GErC.T=G7cD.T=—Aਭ᪗ᫀCA.ᜧ!"#B.ᜧ!"#C.ᜧ!"#D.ᜧ!"#ਭ᪗ᫀCd2M10.᪷âãᑖᐵ¹‘åæ
஺$2ᑖA.$g,ᔣ&'()&*rB.$rᔣ&'()&*+,!

81rc.$஺ᔣ-'()&*rD.$gᔣ-'()&*/,"ਭ᪗ᫀc15.)0(12☢4ᐸ67h897b:,0.5b,ᑣᐸᢙ'2☢<=Wz,Wyᑖ?:,@ᩭḄ஺$2ᑖrA.0.25,0.5rB.0.5,0.25rc.0.5,0.5rD.0.25,0.25ਭ᪗ᫀB16.C\.abCB.cbrc.ibrD.FCਭ᪗ᫀB

8217.rA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀc18.A.ᜧ,3kN,Cᔣᔣ&B.ᜧ,3kN,Cᔣᔣ-C.ᜧ,6kN,Cᔣᔣ&D.ᜧ,6kN,Cᔣᔣ-ਭ᪗ᫀD19.ᔜFᜧGHᩚḄJHᢙL4☢MHᙳOP஺ᙠPᵨR
FᨬᐜᜫV஺DE1sH&$2ᑖ

83rA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀD20.W4☢᫡X4☢YHZ[H\]^1_ᑣᐸaHbcYᑮeᩭḄ
_஺$2ᑖrA.2rB.4rc.8rD.16ਭ᪗ᫀc21.ᙳᒴឋᎷ@jkᩞᧇᑁᔜmḄ$nOPḄ஺$2ᑖA.FGCB.F8rC.HIrD.GJឋLਭ᪗ᫀD22.o:k4Ḅqrᙊstu)*Wᵨsᑁᨬᜧ67kr஺XsḄo:ᦋkᑣsᑁḄᨬᜧ67wk

2ᑖA.2rCB.4rrC.8rD.16rਭ᪗ᫀC23.xᩚyusᔣx{Ḅᵨ஺@|4☢ᵫ<Ḅ☢kd3ᑣ°=k
஺

84
2ᑖrA.M2☢&Ḅ!FGrB.N2☢&ḄOFGrc.N2☢&Ḅ!FGrD.N2☢&ḄFGਭ᪗ᫀD24.ᓫHQ7RST஻V$Wᐵ஺$2ᑖCA.YQrB.R(Marc.ᩞᧇឋLD.2☢\]ឋLਭ᪗ᫀA25.ᙠ)0_`ab-2☢&'(M■•,!OG஺,"Ḅe஺fff:nf
A
B
C
D
2ᑖCA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀB26.h᪷jkYḄᑁ᜜nᑖ?,"0஺$D=2dᐸᢙR2☢<=,஺$2ᑖ

85rA.3,rB.rc.—id32rD.7+16ਭ᪗ᫀB%27.ᵨ᫡ḄL·Ô7aHᩩÂ.
2ᑖA.uvwx᫡Ḅz{|₹CB.uv᪥᪶᫡Ḅ7rc.uv᫡Ḅ2☢D.{&C☢Ḅ⚪ਭ᪗ᫀD28.ᐵ"ឋᨵRজᢙ6ᢙxঝaHxaHYᐸD
஺$2ᑖA.জ!wঝ!wB.জ!wঝ!wCC.জঝ!wrD.জঝ!wਭ᪗ᫀB29.@᫡wḄskXsw4☢ᙠᙶ᪗$aDḄᢰHZ*ᑖkVoZ8஺ᑣᙠᙶ᪗$bD4☢ḄᢰHZ*ᑖk
஺

86
2ᑖA.ᐜ6஺cB.J஺h,rc.6°D.hh4ਭ᪗ᫀB30.¡¢£Ḅ¤ᵨ1a]=
.
2ᑖCA.a!nfCB.o.InCC.ffjnD.c{nbਭ᪗ᫀC31.ᙠRᑡᐵ"᫡*Ḅ¦§D
n┯©Ḅ஺
2ᑖA.STeM2☢ឋYSḄTHIB.STe81hM2☢ḄᜳTrc.STeᢰᑗVYᔣᙶ᪗YḄᜳTD.STeM2☢᫡YSḄT7ਭ᪗ᫀD32.ªJᩚyusᔣPḄᵨᐸ«¬
ᐵ.
2ᑖA.ᩚḄᩞLB.ᩚḄQ7C.ᩚ¢£ḄGḄᜧD.ᩚḄM2☢1¤ਭ᪗ᫀC

8733.@o:kd,4Ḅqrᙊ4☢ᐸ᩽®ឋWᑖk’rdZð
“)W4☢¯°ᑖk%
஻Zᕴ
"ᑣᑁஹ᜜:ᑖkḄ´rᙊ4☢Ḅ᩽®ឋWI?Zᢙ)4☢¯°%ᑖk
஺2ᑖÍA/=/&-ᓃ஻,%=%
஻—%
ÍB/="஻—<,
d
w*w[p-wMBaC.Z,#J,B/,rf,%=%
ᑓ—%ûÍW^W[p-WMuਭ᪗ᫀBQS*36.ᙠL·67¸¹r='z»D஺2ᑖA.S±e²ᑖ2☢³ZYḄ☟(I,e᦮¶2☢³ZYḄ·ឋ(B.Se᦮¶2☢³zYḄ☟(Le²ᑖ2☢³zYḄ·ឋ(rC.S±,Lᑖ?,²ᑖ2☢³ZYḄ☟(·ឋ(D.S±,I,ᑖ?,᦮¶2☢³zYḄ☟(·ឋ(ਭ᪗ᫀA37.ḄaHᢣ᪗k஺2ᑖcA.qB.abcc.qqrD.a,0?asbਭ᪗ᫀB38.üýOᙠ¡ýþ᛻
Ḅ.2ᑖA.7»6ᛛឋ½¾CB.7½¾ᛛឋ»6C.7ᛛឋ»6D.7ᛛឋ½¾ਭ᪗ᫀA39.

88)0ᓫᐗÀWF8஺
2ᑖA.xᔣB.ÁÂVCᔣc.Âx,yöCᔣrD.ÂÄÅCᔣਭ᪗ᫀC40.$2ᑖA%ਭ᪗ᫀA41.h£RᙊÆ᝞)ᡠ0ᐸ2☢m-m&ḄR(É

89CA.M+M=2M00B.M—A/=0ooCC.2M-M=M000D.-2A/+A/Q=-M^0ਭ᪗ᫀD43.ᙠ
᜜Ḅᔣᑖ$2ᑖrA.ᚖËÌÍrB.ᚖËrc.ÌÍᚖËD.ÌÍਭ᪗ᫀA44.!ᙊ
#$☢33"Ḅ&'(*=°,ᑣ᜜Ꮤ1“2Ḅᐵ01஺
2ᑖCA.M=Mx2rB.M=2Mx2rC.M=2Ml2rD.Î=3Ðਭ᪗ᫀB45.34᫡6$☢B7Ḅᑁ1஺

902ᑖA.M=0,0=0rB.Af=0,QWOrc.MWO,0=0D.MWO,0WOਭ᪗ᫀc46.ᙊ$☢9:;ᩚḄᩞᧇᩚ?@ABᢝD
#Eᐸ!GHIJK
ᑣ;ᩚḄLM;1N;ᩚḄ.2ᑖrA.1/2rB.1/4rc.1/8rD.1/16ਭ᪗ᫀDਭὃÙᑖ2ᑖÚÛ47.A.ABÜeÝ'BCÜeOᑗ'rB.ABÜeOᑗ'BCÜeÝ'C.ᐰ᫡ᙳeÝ'rD.ᐰ᫡ᙳ,Oᑗ'ਭ᪗ᫀB

9148.᫡
QRSᵨᙠUVW$☢BḄ᎔Y”[\7
᝞ER^_ᑮ᫡Ḅc$☢7.ᑣ᫡7Ḅ‘4⊈104,(),A.ὅ8ὅᦋ8B.Ãὅᦋ8C.ὅᦋ8ὅ8rD.Ãὅᦋ8ਭ᪗ᫀChᡚ☢jk᫡
lᔜn$☢Ḅᙳ1pq
ᑣEᐸ$☢ᢥ()ᡠḄtuv
᫡ḄwxᨬzJJL■Tf-■ভ(B)(C)(D)49..ᑖcA.A.rB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗ᫀA50.᝞)ᡠ0âᩚᵨ_¶Ḅä┑æxᙠçèé&êëâᩚì┑Ḅᩞᧇâᩚ97,íî7£,ä┑ḄËnd,âG,ᩞᧇḄzᵨOᑗFG,ᓃñ,ᑣò┑ḄOᑗ7ᩩô,().

92-2øiB.÷Gñ-3øiC^~[r]7tiਭ᪗ᫀAFGF8ḄùMᙶ᪗ᑖ?,°=?/",£="஻ᐸ.2ᑖCA.ZIᙳ,ûüýrB.Zτᙳ,þýrc.z,ûüýτ,þýrD.a,þýτ,ûüýਭ᪗ᫀA᪷ᩚḄM2☢☢ÿ
ᙳᐸᩞᧇḄ-ᑖ᝞ᡠᐸᨬᨬᜧᛛឋᨬḄᩚᑖ!"#.

93aab"2ᑖ#CA.abc99CB.b,c,aCC.&qcCD.c,&aਭ᪗)*ᫀ,A-ᙽ/012345┑78-ᙽ09:;<=>?@ABCD☢ὃ⇋H0Iᡂ"#ᡠKLMᔠᳮ஺"2ᑖ#rA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗)*ᫀ,BQRSTUᵨᙠd,°YZ[Ḅ\Bᱥ஺ᒴ_[ᓣabBᱥ12cdUᵨᙠe3f☢[ḄgᏔieᑁḄ1/ᨬᜧkliᑣᐸᑖi"#஺

94"2ᑖ#nA.M=2Pa,=2Pa9nB-Mg=2Pa,J/max=PaCC.M=Pa,Mmax.=PaaCDM=Pa,M=2Pataaਭ᪗)*ᫀ,Bᙠᳮop"#஺"2ᑖ#CA.qẆs᪀uḄvẆsCB.qẆs᪀uḄvẆsrc.᪀uḄ>wẆsrD.᪀uḄ>wvẆsਭ᪗)*ᫀ,Dx᫡Ḅz᝞ᡠᑣ᫡Ḅ"#஺2ᑖ#CA.AB{ᨵᙳ}~₹BC{ᨵ

95rB.BC{ᨵᙳ}~₹AB{ᨵrc.C{ᙳᨵᙳ}~₹rD.C{ᙳᙳ}~₹ਭ᪗)*ᫀ,BC4B᪀ᙠ᪀a
c12eSᙠZᙊᩚABḄAᵫYBᙠ᪀b
c12DᙠeCD[BᱥPᩚAB,eCDḄKL᝱"#஺2ᑖ#rA.ᑖik>rB.ᑖik>kᔠrc.ᑖi>kᔠcD.ᙳikᔠਭ᪗)*ᫀ,C9:u├zᑗ☢[Ḅzi"#஺2ᑖ#nA.r=ಘ2

96c.r=—2dtਭ᪗)*ᫀ,B▤KᩚAB{iBD{iᙠPUᵨ"#.2ᑖ#CA.AB{eᨬᜧCB.BC{eᨬᜧrC.CD{eᨬᜧrD.3{e-᪵ᜧਭ᪗)*ᫀ,DZ᫡~᝞ᡠᙠf☢C["#."2ᑖ#rA.zi¡lvi¡rB.zvi¡li¡rc.z>lᙳi¡rD.z>lᙳvi¡ਭ᪗)*ᫀ,B

97-<[a]¢zᩩuᑖi.2ᑣᐸ"2ᑖ#CA.M=1/4PI,Q=PrB.M=1/4PI,Q=P/2rC.M=1/2PI,Q=PrD.M=1/2PI,Q=P/2ਭ᪗)*ᫀ,AᙊeḄ®
iI,ᩞᧇḄzᑗ¯ឋ°±iG஺ak²ᙊe⊤☢´ᔣḄ¶·¸ia,ᑣᙠ¯ឋ¹KᩩueᑁḄ

98º»¤¥᫡¯ឋ°±H=200GRZ஺aᙠᏔlM°Uᵨ¼½¾f☢Aᜐ᫡⚔☢Ḅ´ᔣ£=3-0x10-,ᑣ᫡ᑁᨬᜧ«6r-=•=
."2ᑖ#CA.30MPaCB.60MParC.120MParD.180MPaਭ᪗)*ᫀ,CqᨵᙠÆÇ"#È-¦Éᵨ“Ḅ¦ËឋÌᳮ”஺"2ᑖ#rA.¥ÎCB.ᑁrc.rD.Kਭ᪗)*ᫀ,AÏᩚᜫÑÒᙠ"#Ḅ´ᔣÓ☢ᑁÔÕ஺"2ᑖ#rA.
Öᦪ"ᨬᜧrB.f☢Ùឋ®tᨬ¹rc.ÚzᨬᜧrD.ÚÛᨬ¹ਭ᪗)*ᫀ,C

99ᙠÜ4eÝM,M>M()஺RA.M>ài«M>MiárB-M>ài«»2>MiárC.N2>Mi«â>ÉiáCD.N3>ã4i«M>iáਭ᪗)*ᫀ,AäUåᓄçè!ᢣᩞᧇ().rA.ᵫêëìíᐸ¯ឋ᩽▲ðᛛឋìírB.ᵫêëìíᐸ¯ឋ°±ðñòó?¹rc.ô2ᛛឋKᐸ¯ឋ᩽▲ðᛛឋìírD.ô2ᛛឋKᐸ¯ឋ°±ðñòó?¹ਭ᪗)*ᫀ,cC᪷Z᫡Ḅᢙf☢÷஺ᙠ~₹Uᵨx᫡(a),(b)ᙠAᵫYBḄ¸ᑖiø8*2,ᑣஹ/%2=().A.2CB.4CC.6rD.8ਭ᪗)*ᫀ,DçᨵüýCþÿᩞ
ᐸ
ᦔ☢ὃ⇋
᪀ḄᩚḄᔠᳮ⌱ᩞᫀ!()஺

100A.1ᩚ&'
2ᩚ&()rB.Iᩚ&()
2ᩚ&'rc.ᩚᙳ&'rD.ᩚᙳ&()ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/AᙽḄ1ᵫ34Ḅ5┑78
9:ᵨ<┶┑᣸ᑡ@
ᑣ

101cd_ᙊfḄgh1iU
ᐸᢙbklஹᢙbnlᑖpghᑮrᩭḄEFi஺rA.816CB.168CC.88CD.1616ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/A=--ptuᙊfbvKw@U
xᨵᵨᑮᐵ{@EF஺CA.=J^lpdAf]B%=G4]C.I»=Lp1dACDJa_______________________________________ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/DᙠDᑡᐵ|v}
ᢰlḄᭆEF!Ḅ஺$2ᑖFCA.v}ᙶ᪗{ᨵᐵ
ᢰlᙶ᪗{ᐵrB.v}ᙶ᪗{ᐵ
ᢰlᙶ᪗{ᨵᐵrc.v}ᢰlᙳᙶ᪗{ᨵᐵrD.v}ᢰlᙳᙶ᪗{ᐵਭ᪗-.ᫀ/cᵨ᪗50mm100mmḄ4஺drDq=%,4=4஺ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/CMbvᏔᵨḄd_ᙊf
OḄᨬᜧ¡¢₹&o,9¤ᐸ¥¦☢☢§gh1i
ᑣᨬᜧ¡¢₹&E)O

102rA.5MorB.2Mo1C.25MorD.4Moਭ᪗-.ᫀ/c¨©ª᫡¬ᐸTT¦☢᝞ᡠ
ᐸC&¦☢T_஺¯᫡¥¦☢ḄEF.2ᑖFrA.ឋf&4,ᨬᜧJKᙠ²³´ᜐrB.ឋf&4,ᨬᜧJKᙠD³´ᜐrc.ឋf&,ᨬᜧJKᙠ²³´ᜐrD.ឋf&,ᨬᜧJKᙠD³´³ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/D%=68n¨ᑁ᜜·6Ḅ¸_ᙊf
9᜜0¹ºOS
»¼gh1i
ᑣ¯fḄᢙbklᢙbnlᑖp½¾EF.2ᑖFCA.Oᑮ1i
1i¿²rB.Ii¿²
Oᑮ1irc.ii¿²
1i¿²rD.Oᑮ1i
Oᑮ1iਭ᪗-.ᫀ/Dᙠ᫡ḄKw@/
I&᫡¦☢ÁEFḄÂឋ஺E2ᑖFrA.T_fCB.ÁÃfrc.ឋf

103rD.T_ÄÂfਭ᪗-.ᫀ/cÅfᔣJ`ᩚ¥¦☢²ḄK&0r
ᑣ45°5¦☢²ḄKÉKEgᑖFrA.ᑖp&g஺2rB.ᙳ&crc.ᑖp&஺92rD.ᙳ&-2ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/DÌÍT¦☢☢§&A.9ů¦☢ᵫÎ4ÏÐLḄÑÒTaᡂ
Ô¦☢²ḄÉ&Q,ᑣῳ1²ḄÖ×ᙳᒴᑖÙḄÉK&EF஺2ᑖFCA.F=Q/ACB.r=3Q/ArC.r=Q/2ArD.r=9Q/2Aਭ᪗-.ᫀ/B2ᑖF

104rA.25rB.50rC.75CD.100ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/cJᩚ᝞ᡠ
ᐸᙠ3cÚᑁEF஺rA.ᨵÛÜ
STrB.ᨵST
ÛÜrc.ÝᨵÛÜ
ÞᨵSTrD.ÝÛÜ
ßSTਭ᪗-.ᫀ/A᫡à☢[\U
ᐸ¥¦☢áEFâv஺E2ᑖFrA.᫡ḄfãrB.ឋfrc.¦☢ḄÁÃfrD.¦☢Ḅ²EᡈDF³´ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/D▤~
ABஹBCḄᩞᧇ&
!GD,lAB.BC$☢7Ḅᨬᜧᑖ1‘.ᓫ:x(ᑖ1ᑁḄJᑣjḄwxᩩ'4E[xᩩ஻'Ḅ‘1ᑖ1
0

105CA.raax=1AB83=e.trB.%=Q38å=6”.]c.]⊈=BC82sx=83ABRD="¨=e-ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/Dᙊ¦☢èÒNᩚḄᩞᧇ¬êBCëᢝOS
¤ᐸ¥ᔣ¬fᔣÏÐUgᜧḄiᦪ
NᩚḄEF஺E2ᑖFrA.îïKOS
îïNgᜧrB.îïKgᜧ
îïNOSrc.îïKîïNgᜧrD.îïKîïNOSਭ᪗-.ᫀ/A9᫡ḄBCᐵ|ð¦☢ñÁÃ
ᑣ¯᫡ḄEF஺E2ᑖF]A.MñÁÃ
QÁÃCB.MÁÃ
QñÁÃ]C.M,Qᙳ!ÁÃḄrD.M,Qᙳ!ñÁÃḄਭ᪗-.ᫀ/AºᩞᧇḄEFU
K:ᵨ᪗óᑁḄᨬô¥¦☢ÏÐ஺E2ᑖFrA.E"CB.cr/qrrDE"᜜ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/Bö÷ḄY᝱᝞ᡠ
øù²D☢ḄÉK&r,ᑣúûü☢²ḄÉK&EF.

106rA.I2rB.rrc.2rrD.Oਭ᪗-.ᫀ/BfᔣJ`ᩚ
KᨬᜧḄ¦☢ÉKᨬᜧḄ¦☢E஺$2ᑖrA.ᑖp!¥¦☢
45஺5¦☢rB.P!¥¦☢cc.ᑖp!45஺5¦☢
¥¦☢rD.P!45஺5¦☢ਭ᪗-.ᫀ/Aýᩞᧇþÿ
ᑮᨬḄ᦮
-᝞ᡠ,ᩞᧇḄ஺rB.ᓄ▤"#⚠%▤"rc.&'▤"#ᓄ▤"rD.&'▤"#⚠%▤"ਭ᪗*+ᫀ-D

107▤/ᙊ123☢Z2CḄ56789᜜Ḅ;<=>?2-1,>@”=.CA.1rB.2CC.3CD.4ਭ᪗*+ᫀ-DU$☢᫡ᙠ^☢
$☢7Ḅpᑖu᝞ᡠ஺2ᑖrA.ArB.Brc.crD.Dਭ᪗*+ᫀ-cDEFᩚḄᢙEI☢JKEA?LM2NOPQR?S2ᑣU?S஺2ᑖrA.ᩚᑁᔜXᜐḄrB.ᩚᑁᔜXᜐḄZ[

108rc.ᩚᑁᔜXᜐḄ\
rD.ᩚ1
☢]Ḅ^ᦪ#ਭ᪗*+ᫀ-D`I☢ab᫡de@
ᏔM஺஺ge@
Ꮤ“0ᙠCB"ij[k஺AC"ᔜlmI☢nḄ஺2ᑖCA.ᨬᜧ\
ᓄ2ᨬᜧp
qCB.ᨬᜧ\
#ᨬᜧp
ᓄCC.ᨬᜧ\
q2ᨬᜧp
ᓄCD.ᨬᜧ\
#ᨬᜧp
qਭ᪗*+ᫀ-DN᫡Ḅ
rs6tu@vI☢2ᑣ@vI☢Ḅ஺2ᑖrA.p
?S2w`q?SrB.p
q?S2w`?Src.p
#w`ᙳ?SrD.p
#w`ᙳq?Sਭ᪗*+ᫀ-Aᙠ78JKᩩzG1?@2IᓽḄᓫZg}஺2ᑖ~A0~BradrC3_________________________________rD.yਭ᪗*+ᫀ-D

109$☢9:ᩚ
?ᵨᙊ஺ᐸ@A᝱ᙠ☢ᑁ1?4
ᙠᚖ!W☢Ḅ^☢ᑁ1?UV஺¡ᩚ¢rA.ᨵ
¥_rB.ᨵ_
¥rc.ᨵ
¦ᨵ_rD.¥
¦¥_ਭ᪗©ªᫀ¬c᝞ᡠ
ᩚᵨ®n&Ḅ¯┑UVᙠ±7
²³ᩚ⛷┑Ḅᩞᧇ&
ᩚµx1b
·x¸
¯┑Ḅ!GY
l1

1102ᑖ~A4bJr/rਭ᪗*+ᫀ-A~A."/C"2ᓅ"rB."HC"28"2DErC.""BDOE"~".4"BC"8"DEਭ᪗*+ᫀ-c᫡ᙠe@
ᵨḄI☢ᜐ஺2ᑖrA.Qᨵ2MᐝrB.Qᨵ2MqᐝCC.Mᨵ2QᐝrD.Mᨵ2Qqᐝਭ᪗*+ᫀ-Bᢰᑖqᵨu;<ḄZ[஺2ᑖ

111rA.I☢᫡rB.I☢᫡rc.☟q᫡rD.ↈ¢I☢᫡ਭ᪗*+ᫀ-B=2H£¤z2N¥#¦┑?¨Dᩞᧇ2©ª°,?¬ᐙᑖ®¯ᩞᧇḄᑭᵨ᳛2ᑣ²┑Ḅ³?஺2ᑖ~A.d=~B/=4f.rC"=%ਭ᪗*+ᫀ-D
´᝱Ḅᨬᜧ¶
#ᨬᜧp
ᑖ·?.2ᑖCA.CT=150MPa,T=60MPa1KXLCB.a=150MPa,r=50MPaSI2XrC.a=130MPa,J=60MParD.a=130MPa,J=50MPaਭ᪗*+ᫀ-A

112ᙠ@Rᩚ¸¹
=>஺0=aD""@2஺2ᑖ~A.aM»2bḄM¼?wdT*~B.bM»2aḄM¼?n½T/1-CC.a#bḄM¼?nÀ-1/1-rD.a#bᙳM»ਭ᪗*+ᫀ-C