考研英语模拟试题

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ூὃẆᔁ௃ὃẆ⚪PartADirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Thebasicfunctionofmoneyistheenablebuyingtobeseparatedfromselling,thuspermittingtradetotakeplacewithoutthesoaileddoublecoincidenceofbarter.Ifapersonhassomethingtosellandwantssomethingelse1return,itisnotnecessarytosearchforsomeoneableand2tomakethedesiredexchangeofitems.Thepersoncansellthe3itemforgeneralpurchasingpowerthatis,moneytoanyonewhowantstobuyitandthenusetheproceedstobuythedesireditemfromanyonewhowantstosellit.Theimportanceofthisfunctionofmoneyis4illustratedbytheexperienceofGermanyjustafterWorldWarn,5papermoneywas6largelyuselessbecause,despiteinflationaryconditions,pricecontrolswereeffectively7bytheAmerican,French,andBritisharmiesofoccupation.Peoplehadto8tobarterortoinefficientmoneysubstitutes.Theresultwastocuttotaloutputoftheeconomyinhalf.TheGermaneconomicmiraclejustafter1948reflectedpartlyacurrency

1reformbytheoccupationauthorities,9someeconomistsholdthatitstemmedprimarilyfromtheGermangovernment*slOofallpricecontrols,11permittingamoneyeconomyto12abartereconomy.13oftheactofsalefromtheactofpurchase14theexistenceofsomethingthatwillbegenerallyacceptedinpaymentthisisthe15ofexchangefunctionofmoney.Buttheremustalsobesomethingthatcanserveasa16abodeofpurchasingpower,inwhichthesellerholdstheproceedsintheinterim17thefirstsaleandthe18purchase,orfromwhichthebuyercan19thegeneralpurchasingpowerwithwhichtopay20whatisbought.Thisistheassetfunctionofmoney.1.[A]on[B]in[C]by[D]for2.[A]capable[B]likely[C]desirable[D]willing3.[A]excess[B]extra[C]surplus[D]ample4.[A]dramatically[B]urgently[C]faithfully[D]incidentally5.[A]when[B]before[C]since[D]until6.[A]developed[B]reserved[C]rendered[D]imagined7.[A]encouraged[B]enlarged[C]endured[D]enforced8.[A]conform[B]resort[C]mit[D]gear9.[A]and[B]but[C]therefore[D]however

210.[A]deprivationB]stimulation[C]elimination[D]restriction11.EA]therebyB1therefore[C]then[D]while12.[A]alternateestablish[C]substitute[D]replace13.[A]Introduction[B]Specification[C]Representation[D]Separation14.[A]assumes[B]requires[C]focuses[D]undertakes15.[A]medium[B]function[C]role[D]nature16.[A]fashionable[B]favorable[C]temporary[D]token17.[Alboth[Blfor[C]betweenCD]after18.[A]consequent[B]relevantC1inadequate[D]subsequent19.[A]execute[B]extract[C]exceed[D]exchange20.[Alfor[Bloff[C]back[D]inSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40

3points)Text1Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontent,whichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform-togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother,nonsensuousidiom.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularfoi*m,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticreality;itthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.ltcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.Forthiscontent,displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthat

4eludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentistobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterest,itmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:itcannotbedetachedfromitssensuousembodimentwithoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.(Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.)Hegel'sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises,but,aswithKant'santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusoiy,sincenotwoworksofartcanthenshareeitheracontentorafonn-thefoi*mbeingdefinitiveofeachwork'sindividuality.Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.Theintensityofaestheticinterestesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallife.If,ontheotherhand,weinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticularworkofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

521.Hegelarguedthat.A]itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart[B]itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention[C]theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinkingCD]theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson22.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat.[A]theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolvedbyrejectingitspremises[B]bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory[C]thecontentandformoftheworkofartareseparable[D]aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved?[A]Thecontentandformoftheworkofartcannotbeseparatedfromeachother.[B]Thecontentoftheworkofartisalwaysthetrueobjectofaestheticinterest.[C]Thecontentpresentedwithoutanyindividualityisnotthecontentoftheworkofart.

6[D1Thecontentunderstoodbymeansofaprocessofdiscursivethoughtisnomorethanahusk.24.Premisesthatarerelatedtoeachotherseemstobedispensablebecause.[A]Kantthinkstheyareindispensable[B]eitherofthemcanresolvetheparadox[C]thepremisesareseparated[D]thepremisescanaccountforthetheory25.Thispassageismainlyabout.[A]thesensuousappreciationofart[Blthebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience[C]howtoappreciatetheworkofart[D]therelationshipbetweenformandcontentoftheworkofart