2021-2022学年四川省达州市高二（下）期末化学试卷（附答案详解）

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2021-2022
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5ᑣ³¸²qr:Ca2+(aq)+2OH-(aq)+2NHj(aq)+SOÃ(aq)=CaSOAs)+2NH-HzO(aq)Ḅ⊝ÅᦪK=»3(5)89È0SO2678.0g/m3஺É═ËÌ(ÍMn஺2)ÏS”Ḅᔾᦈ᳛YÑ90%,ᑣᜐᳮ100^3G᯼YÕᑮÖ⏚×ᨔÙ("ns/•Ü஺ÝÏᑖ¥45169)Ḅ45kg(ßàáᶇ3ãᨵᦔᦪæ)஺24.ᵬ⏣$P⌕ḄᓄVRᧇ஺ᑭᵨᔠᡂ(ì⌕ᡂᑖCOஹCO2oî)ᙠᓄᑺḄᵨeᔠᡂᵬ⏣ïJḄì⌕qr᝞e:ðCO(g)+“2(g)UCO(g)+//0(5)4^2ò.CO(g)+2H(g^CHOH(g)AH232(1)ᙠឤôõöôᘤøùqrI,úÕᐸᓄw⊝ÅᦪKoû7tḄᐵ᝞e⊤:t/࠷70080083010001200K0.60.91.01.72.6জ2%0,ᐸᳮᵫ஺ঝᑨᑮᓄ⊝"᝱Ḅ%&஺A.c(CO)=c(CO)2B.0ᘤᑁCO?Ḅ45ᑖᦪ8ᢝ:;C.0ᘤᑁ<4=>8ᢝ:;D.0ᘤ@AB8ᢝ:;ঞDᵬஹDGᑖH⊤JᙠᓃMNᑮ⊝Oᙠt2MNPᦋ;RSᩩUVWX;ᓄḄYZ஺Dᵬ@t2MNWXᦋ;ḄᩩUODG@t2MNWXᦋ;ḄᩩUoট]1200cMOᙠRMN⊝4^@C02(g)ஹ`(9)ஹ஺஺(9)ஹ`஺(9)Ḅa>ᑖH2moi/Lஹ2mol/L>4mol/L>4mol/L,bMc(d)஺(⌮)(fᜧhஹihᡈkh)Oᐸᳮᵫ஺(2)Rl>Mmnឤ00ᘤ@pqH,]stMᢥn(CO)wn(H)=1w2xᐭ2COzH2O{|0ᘤ@}AB~pkPa,5minMᑮ⊝O{|0ᘤᑁ<4}AB~PokPa஺6⚓Oᐳ22⚓

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16C.pHªÙ´ÑªÙḄX⏚Ú¸⏚º+ÛÜݸ⏚ᵯ)9ÀᜧpHÞᓄ᠒X⏚àáᐰᵯ)pHÞᓄãᦑMå⊤X⏚ᦑC┯D.ᔣç¸⏚º+èéᵫǸ⏚ᵯ)9ÀᜧêëᵯbÀÝᩭºᐭḄ+íᩭíî)*89ïðëᵯbïðÁ#¸⏚Ḅᵯ)9#⌲òÀᜧḄᦑD┯ᦑ⌱qB«A.ᔣ¸⏚¹º¸⏚╆¸⏚╆Ḅºᐭᢓᑴ¸⏚ᵯ)pHÀᜧB.⚪jX<Ê9Ë<Ì$ᓄÍSÎ;NaClO>NaHCO᩽NaC+஺NaCVO+H2T233ᨬNa2s2O3ᐭា%ᵫ'⁐)*⁐+,ᑖ./ឮ12⁐0.625ூ᪆௃:(1)>?
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ḄNaClO஺஺-ឋV஺1஺-+W஺+஺஺2=HCO^+HCIO-,(2)ᵯZ[ᦪKi(H2cO3)>Ka(HClO)>K(^HCO),ᑣ⏚ឋIbU>HCIO>a223HC஺.⏚cbᐸ⏚᪷ZfghcᜧᑣjhklḄNaClOஹNa2cO3ஹNaHCO?ḄpHᵫᜧᑮqrsUNa2cO3>NaClO>NaHCO,3ᦑSᫀU:Na2c஺3>NaClO>NaHCO=3(3)ᵯ⛳uvw□᩽yz{U2cr-2e-=ClT,▢᩽~2H2஺+2e=2OH-+2HT,□᩽ḄQ▢᩽ᓄyz஺2+2NaOH=NaCl+2NaClO+HO,ᑣᐸ▢᩽zᙠ~☢Ḅa᩽zU᩽ᐸyzUNaCI+2HO—NaClO+HT,22ᵯWᦑSᫀU:VNaCl+HO—NaClO+H1;22(4)জỚḄᓫ⍗)'⁐ᨬᑺᐭỚᓫ>ὑᵫ'⁐)*⁐ᑣᢣᑺz⌱ᦑSᫀU:Vᨬ--Na2s2dᐭា%ᵫ'⁐)*⁐+,ᑖ./

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Ù஺23.ூSᫀ௃SO(g)+2H2(9)=S(s)+2HO(g)AH=(a-2b+2c)kJ-22mol-1H2sO4112c(HSO)c(JVa+)>c(HSOj)>c(SO¡)>c(//+)>c(0/T)8x22310151.90ூ᪆௃:(1)Þßàáᓄâ´g{ᑖãUজ2“25(9)+Sc(0f)ᑣ0123!"ᐵ3c(Na+)>c(HSO*)>c(SOg)>c(H+)>c(O/T),ᦑ9ᫀ;c(Na+)>c(HSOj)>c(SO)>c(H+)>c(0/T)<(4)>?@ḄA⊝CᦪK=]▭_◫ᏸb]=G…)Iᕥ%஺)=L18⚓ᐳ22⚓

1818X10-7X(1.25X10-5)2ᦑ9ᫀ;8x1015<মᵫ5஺2+MnS0•/0Ḅᐵ3ᐙᐭ5஺2ḄᱥḄTn=2=&V0==412.5mol,Wᓄ᳛ᨵ90%,ᑣ[ᡂᵨ^஺4•ᱝ஺ḄᱥḄT12.5mo/x90%=11.25m஺/,ᑣa⏚═ᨔeḄTm=nM=11.25m஺x169g-mol-1=1901gx1.90kg,ᦑ9ᫀ;1.90<(1)fghiᓄjklmnohpqᵨrstuvwx⚪<(2)z{T|ឤᑏ[ᡂAḄᓄjklmSO2+2H2஺+l=H2s஺4+2HI,ᓽt2AḄᓄjm/2ᓄᑺ<(3)জᵫN6Z2SO3Ḅᱥᧇ|ឤᐵ31|ឤᐵ3v⚪<ঝNa2s஺3ᔾᦈ5஺2℉⌕NaHSq,ᐸNaSO,zᑖ᪆01!"ᐵ3<23(4)ᑏ>?@ḄA⊝Cᦪ⊤mᵯ0Cᦪஹ"Cᦪ>ᓄjA⊝CᦪḄᐵ3v⚪<(5)ᑭᵨSO?MnS0■஺Ḅᐵ3mv⚪஺4⚪ᔠឋ¡iᓄjklmḄ¢ᑏஹᓄjA⊝CᦪஹA⊝£¤ஹᵯvᨵᐵ¥¦ஹ§¨©vª«"ª¬j[ᔠḄὃ®j[ᙠvwᵯvḄA⊝x⚪◤±²³´ᱥᧇ|ឤஹᵯ₹|ឤ1|ឤᐵ3ª஺24.ூ9ᫀ௃>¸Ḽº"ᓣ¼ᓄjA⊝Cᦪ½ᜧA⊝¿ᔣ£¤ᑣ>?@ᔾi?@BÁᵨᓄᑺᡈ½ᜧÃÄe3ᑖ0/ᡈź"ÆÇQc>K(1200࠷),A⊝⌮ᔣ£¤|x(p-po)ËÌ(kPa)-2ூv᪆௃v;(1)জ¸Ḽº"ᓣ¼ᓄjA⊝Cᦪ½ᜧA⊝¿ᔣ£¤ᑣ>?@ᔾi?@Í%>0,ᦑ9ᫀ;>:¸Ḽº"ᓣ¼ᓄjA⊝Cᦪ½ᜧA⊝¿ᔣ£¤ᑣ>?@ᔾi?@<ঝ4C(CO)=C(CO2),Ï>?@ᑮᓄjA⊝Ñ᝱ᦑA┯Ô?@ᑮᓄjA⊝Ñ᝱ᦑB¿;C.?@ßàáeḄTÏÚឤÕÕᘤᑁáeḄeÏÚᑣáeḄâ"ãäØᢝÏÚᦑÕᘤᑁáeâ"ØᢝÏÚÏ>?@ᑮᓄjA⊝Ñ᝱ᦑC┯Ô?@áeᑖ1ᦪÏÚḄ?@ᑣ?@ßàÕᘤᑁḄÃØᢝÏÚᦑÕᘤÃØᢝÏÚÏ>?@ᑮᓄjA⊝Ñ᝱ᦑD┯Ô<ᦑ9ᫀ;B<ঞæᵬèévcஹu⌮êë"½ᜧA⊝ìí[£¤ᑣt2éí[ᦋÚḄᩩð

19Áᵨᓄᑺñ>?@áeᑖ1ᦪÏÚḄ?@½ᜧÃò½ᜧ“¿ஹ஺⌮,ñA⊝Ï£¤ᦑæᵬGéí[ᦋÚḄᩩðÁᵨᓄᑺᡈ½ᜧÃ<æõJéC(C02)½ᜧC(CO)øÆA⊝⌮ᔣ£¤t2éí[ᦋÚḄᩩðÄe3ᑖ0ñ>?@ᔾi?@ź"ÁA⊝⌮ᔣ£¤ᦑæõúéí[ᦋÚḄᩩðÄe3ᑖ0û2ᡈź"ᦑ9ᫀ;Áᵨᓄᑺᡈ½ᜧÃ<Äe3ᑖ0ᡈź"<ট<^=ᘵ=ᯠ=4>2.6=K(1200࠷),ᑣ⊝⌮ᔣu"CO?)"%)2mol/Ly.2mol/Lஹ'')"(⌮),ᦑ"ᫀ$%&QC>K(1200࠷),⊝⌮ᔣ&(2)জ*+,n(CO)=xmol,n(//)=2xmol,4n(C0)=ymol,ᑣᨵ2஺஺(9)+232(9)=஺"3஺"(9)(ᓫ6%mol)121+,x2x08ᓄy2yy⊝x-y2x-2yy;<=>?ḄAᱥCḄD$3xmol,PM%)=?LxpkPa=|pkPa,⊝>?ḄAᱥCḄD$(3x-2y)mo/,ᑣᨵ“ST,ᑣU=V=1-=(3x-2y)molpkPa3x-2yp3x-2y3x-2yo01W£~ᦑ⊝Z2(“2)=1fziPokPa=(1__)*p()kPa=(Po_g/cPa,ᑣsp()sx—zysPo§gP(“2)_ᢓPa-(P0-,)kPa_1V(H)(p—po)kPa•min-1,2t5min5ᦑ"ᫀ$%1x(p-p);0ঝ⊝,P(“2)=(Po-gkPa,P(CO)=nxkPa=-^)kPa,P(CHOH)=55X—LyPoZ33xpkPa=|xxpkPa=|xpxpkPa=j(p-p^kPa,ᑣ=oooP(C%OH)=r-p0)kPa=P-Poz.pA-2p(CO)p2(H)j(Po-f)fcPax[(p-2)kPa]2(Po-^)3'20ᦑ"ᫀ$%s὜(kPa)-஺(Po-f)3(1)জuḼwxᓣzᓄ{⊝|ᦪ~ᜧ⊝ᔣᑣ;<$ᔾ;<&ঝ⌮;<ᑮᓄ{⊝⌮;<᳛8ᓄḄᱥᳮD8ᓄ;ঞᵬi"⌮x~ᜧ⊝ᑣt2ᦋ8Ḅᩩᵨ¡ᓄᑺ;<>?ᑖ¤ᦪ8Ḅ;<~ᜧ¥¦§¨~ᜧV⌮,⊝&©t2஺((?஺2)~ᜧC(C஺)ª⊝⌮ᔣt2ᦋ8Ḅᩩ«?¬ᑖ®“2,;<ᔾ;<¯°wx§⊝⌮ᔣ&টQc=%²=:m*:ᔩµ=4>2.6=K(1200࠷),ᑣ⊝⌮ᔣ&"cC(CO)C(H)2mol/Lx2mol/L''22(2)জ*+,n(CO)=xmol,n(H)=2xmol,Jn(CO)=ymol,ᑣᨵ2·20⚓ᐳ22⚓

20COºg»+2“2ºg»=CH30Hs»ºᓫ6:mol6121+,x2x08ᓄy2yy⊝x-y2x-2yy;<=>?ḄAᱥCḄD$3xmol,Piº2»=xpkPa=^pkPa,⊝>?ḄAs3xmolr3rᱥCḄD$º3½—2y»m஺ᑣᨵ¾%¿,ᑣÀ=V
3x-2ymolpkPa3x-2yp3x-2y3x-2yo01-£Áᦑ⊝22º§»=◥xPokPa=º1W/»xkPa=ºp°-^6kPa,ᑣPoSPo5X—£.yJPo5ঝ⊝,P(Hz)=(Po-᝞Pa2P(C஺)=ÅxpokPa="p஺WgkPa,P(CHOH)=3s3x-zy/oXpkPa=|xxPokPa=|xÇxpkPa=|(p-Po)kPa,ᑣ/=oop(CHOH)3p(CO)p2(H)°2È⚪ὃËᓄ{⊝|ᦪÌᐸ<ᵨஹᓄ{⊝ḄÏÐÑÒஹÓᑖ᪆rÕÖ×ὃË{ᑖ᪆ØஹÙÚØÛᮣÝÞᵨØßàáâ⊝|ᦪḄÙÚ⚪ãäx஺25.ூ"ᫀ௃Zn+2MnO+2NHCl=2Mn00H+Zn{NH)Cl0CuO20.02Fe2++24322HO+2H+=2Fe3++2HOZnO.Zn(0H)2.7WpH2322ᦑ"ᫀ$%Zn+2MnO+2NHCl=2Mn00H+Zn(/VW)CZ&24322(2)Zn-2e-=Zn2+,ÿὑ16.25gZn,ᵯ0.5mo/,ᵯCuSO,Ḅ□᩽4H2஺-4e-=2”+4H++&%+0.5moZᵯ,,-஻+0.57nol,ᵯ1ᡠ3pH=-lgc(W+)=-lg(^|)=0;ᵯCaS/Ḅ=2C1ZSO4+pᵯ2HO—2CU+2HSO+O?,+4✂஺@ABCDEF᪆H2moicuO,22420.5nio/ᵯ᪆H0.25mo/Ca஺JᡠKLᵯ1ឮNOP᝱BJ◤@ᐭ0.25mo/x80g/mol=20.0gḄCuO,ᦑVᫀX0;CuO;(3)জ\◀^Feᐗa,◤LFe2+bᓄFe3+,ᨬef⁚pHKFe(0H)3h◀^Fe3+,“2஺2⏚ឋᩩmnbᓄFe2+BḄopq2ᡠ2++H0+2H+=2Fe3++2HO,222ᦑVᫀX2r62++“2஺2+2"+=2Fe3++2”2஺;ঝFuH+vwxᐭyḄᩖ{|@ᐭZnOஹZn(0H)2~f⁚pH;K[Fe(iOH)]=sp3c(Fe3+)-c3(஺"-),Fe3+ᐰBJc(0/T)=rs:,=^«1Q-11-3,

21c(H+)=^^mol/L=10~2-7mol/L,pH=2.7,K[Zn(OH)]=c(Zn2+)-c2(0//~),sp2Zn?+B,c(஺"-)=J?4==10~8mol/L,c(W+)=^-mol/L=10-6mol/L,pH=6.0,ᡠKf⁚pH3Fe3+ᐰJvZM+Ḅᔠ〉pH2.7