2015考研英语十二大基础语法体系

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2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠḄ᝱2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ᝱2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ᪀2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠᐵ2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ!"#2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ$ឋ"#2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ&'#2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ᎔)#2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠItᵨ+,2015ὃẆᓝᜧẠ-./012#34⌕ᑖ᪆ᐸ᪀49᪵;<=ᑮ?Ḅ@A஺CD?EᨵGḄHI4JḄHIᙠ0JLMNO?4JPQHᑏ4STᨵUDV'஺ᐸW4XY.Z[YD᜜Ḅ]E^_4Ḅ`ஹbஹcஹdeEfᓫ4Mᨬi᧕kḄ஺℉$?kmnopq[4MᑁsḄஹtuMvḼ?ḄxsSxsḄ஺yz4k{|k{?M}~}ᡂḄ஺ஹḄ᝱JD?ᙠ᝱⊤ḄḄJḄL஺J᝱!4`᝞""9P4""ஹ""E᪵4ᨵᓄ஺uL4book,books"

1u<⍝MᓫᦪMᦪ஺MᓄᨬYஹᨬᩖḄ஺ᨵ]q4k¢uMk¢4z?£M஺¤ᡈ¦᝱ᑖ§ᙠL¨©sᡈªᙠ4⊤9¤ᡈ¦᝱Ḅu⌕ᵨLḄ49uM᝱஺()ḄḄ᝱M[Ḅᓄᩭ¯Ḅ஺yz4,Ḅ°ᐸᓄ@A±²⌕஺ḄW³ᨵ´µ¶D(1)··ᙠ#3L஺⌕ᵨ0_¸]¹ᓫᦪḄº¯ᙠ4»᝱¼½4ᡈ᪷¿@!ÀÁᵨ·Ḅᐸ»Ã஺(2)º¯ᙠ¸]¹ᓫᦪ(f¹¯ᓫ)⌕ᵨ0_¸]¹ᓫᦪḄº¯ᙠ஺(3)[Ä⌕ᵨ0º[Ä஺(4)¯ᙠᑖ⌕ᵨ0ÅÆ᝱4ᡈ@!Ḅᐸ»Ã஺(5)[Äᑖ⌕ᵨ0Çᡂ᝱4ᡈ@!Ḅᐸ»Ã஺º¯ᙠ¸]¹ᓫᦪ(¯ᓫ)Ḅ᪀ᡂ4ȵ⊤Éᓄ(@A$ᦪ}4OÊt$ᦪ})ËÌÉᓄ(@A$ᦪ}ËÌ4OÊt$ᦪ})ºÍÎ-sHelp—helps;read—readsᙠch,sh,s,xᡈᐗÊPÐo½☢Do,fix,pass,push,teach—does,Ò-esfixes,passes,pushes,teaches

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3L@ᑣḄ[Ä|[Äᑖᨵᐸᱯàᓄ4◤⌕§âã4t⌕ᗐ0©¯L@ᑣḄ@ᑣ4ᓽæçPÐèᔠḄL@ᑣᨵ!Ḅ@A஺᝞:weep—*wept,sleep—•slept,sweep—swept¯ᙠᑖAᵫ·Ò-ing᪀ᡂ4@ᑣ᝞µ⊤ÉᓄËÌ——ºÍÎ-ingLook—looking,try—trying´L©ÊḄeÉḄ4Äᣵe,Write—writing,dance-dancingÓÒ-ing´~ÊPÐx◀᜜ÉBegin—beginning,Ḅ²OÜÊ⁚,ᐜÞᑏÉḄswim---swimming,~ÊPÐ4ÓÒ-ingRun—running,sit—sitting´-ieÉḄ4ie_y,ÓDie—dying,lie—lyingÒ-ing_k{Ḅð4]ñò¨ᑖ_U▤ô"¯ᙠஹ[Äஹõᩭஹ[Äõᩭ"஺ᡠ⊤÷Ḅ¤ᙠ´C¨ôᑖ§ᨵUD¦᝱:ºஹÅÆஹÇᡂ|ÇᡂÅÆ஺yzᡃñðᨵUUᓝù᝱஺LḄ᝱ᨵLḄᓄ஺´d஺_Ì4ᑡ⊤᝞µºÅÆÇᡂÇᡂÅÆ᝱¯Has/have+donHas/have+beeDoes;doAm/is/are+doingᙠendoing

4[HadbeenÄDidWas/were+doingHaddonedoingõShall/willbeShall/willhaveShall/will+haveᩭShall/will+do+doing+donebeendoing[ÄWould/shouldShould/would/+dWould/should+bShould/wouldõ+havebeenOedoing+havedoneᩭdoing"᝱”uM[Ḅ᝱ᓄ4ᩭ⊤¤©sḄ¨¯ᙠஹ[Äஹõᩭஹ[Äõᩭ°ᡠᜐḄ¦᝱ºஹÅÆஹÇᡂஹÇᡂÅÆ஺`᝞ᙠ"Theyaredoingtheirexercises/19#3,ᵫ·doᡂaredoingḄ᝱4qý9þ»M©sᙠ¯ᙠஹÿᜐ
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5!"#ᙠᙠஹ%*!+,-./0᝞2ᡠ+,ᙠ஺ᙠ45do6ᯠᵨ89:Ḅ᝱ᐸ<=>ᨵᓄA!"#ḄBC᝱8஺ᐸDEF஺᝱16᝱GᵨḄᨵ12H+,ᙠஹ+,IJஹ+,KᩭஹIJKᩭஹᙠஹIJஹKᩭஹᙠ&ᡂஹIJ&ᡂஹKᩭ&ᡂஹᙠ&ᡂCIJ&ᡂ஺ᐸM᝱NOᓫQRᵨ஺.☢TᔜV᝱Ḅ᪀ᡂCᵨXY+ᐰ☢Ḅ[\஺Lᙠ]G⊤_஺`abc4deᓫᦪᵨᓫ4g஺beChaveh⊤_"jᨵ"kᔜdeḄᓫᦪgbHc+deᓫᦪcldeᓫᦪc4deᓫᦪHaveHaveHaveHasBeAmAreis+,ᙠḄᔲngஹᶧpgCqᓫrsg᝞.Hbethaveh⊤_"jᨵ"kHᔲnguvTnotwᙠxyᶧpguvTwᙠ`axz{.⊤HᔲngᶧpgBeHaveBeHaveIamnot(I'mIhavenotAmi...?Havei...?not)...(haven't)...

6YouarenotYouhavenotAreyou...?Haveyou...?(aren't)...(haven't)...HeisnotHehasnotIshe...?Hashe...?(isn/t)...(hasnzt)...beḄᔲnᶧpgCqᓫrs:ᔲnᶧpg}nrsᔲnrsAmInot(aren,ti)...?Yes,youare.No,youaren'tAreyounot(aren'tYes,Iam.No,Tmnot.you)...?Ishenot(isn/the)...?Yes,heis.No,heisn'tbethaveh⊤_"jᨵ"kHᔲnguvTnotwᙠxyᶧpguvTwᙠ`axz{.⊤HᔲngᶧpgBeHaveBeHaveIamnot(I*mIhavenotAmi...?HaveI...?not)...(haven,t)...YouarenotYouhavenotAreyou...?Haveyou...?(aren,t)...(haven't)...HeisnotHehasnotIshe...?Hashe...?(isn't)...(hasn't)...

7haveh⊤_"jᨵ"kḄᔲnᶧpgCqᓫrsHᔲnᶧpg}nrsᔲnrsHaveInot(haven'tYes,youhave.No,youhaven't.i)...?HaveyounotYes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.(haven'tyou)...?Hashenot(hasn,tYes,hehas.No,hehasn't.he)...?~

82ஹᙠᵫbe+ᙠᑖ᪀ᡂ஺ᐸbeᨵdeCᦪḄᓄᨵ4VgHc+deᓫᦪᵨam,c4deᓫᦪᵨis,ᐸMᵨare஺ᙠḄᔲng!Huvᙠbey☢not;ᶧpg!HTbeᑮ`axz஺studybHᔲngᶧpgIamnotstudyingAmIstudying?Youarenotstudying,Areyoustudying?Heisnotstudying.Ishestudying?5ஹ+,IJ]GᵫIJg⊤_஺+,IJḄᔲngஹᶧpgCqᓫrsg⌕ᵨdoḄIJgdid,:~<=⌕ᵨ஺studybᐸᔲngஹᶧpgCqᓫrsg᝞.HᔲngᶧpgIdidnot(didn,t)study....DidIstudy...?Youdidnot(dicin't)study....Didyoustudy...?Hedidnot(didn,t)study....Didhestudy...?ᔲnᶧpgqᓫrs(}n/ᔲn)DidInot(Didn,11)study...?Yes,youdid.No,youdidn't.Diyounot(Didn'tyou)study...?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn't.Didhenot(Didn,the)study...?Yes,hedid.No,hedidn,t.

96ஹᵫbeḄIJg+ᙠᑖ᪀ᡂ஺ᐸbeᨵdeCᦪḄᓄc+ஹc4deᓫᦪᵨwas,ᐸMᵨwere.1IJ`⌕⊤_ᙠIJ+ᡈ+BᑁᙠᡈᢝḄ஺IJGtIJᔠRᵨ஺᝞HThistimeyesterday,wewerehavinganEnglishlesson.᧤ᜩ᎛ᡃ¡ᙠ¢a£஺TheteacherwasgivingusalessonwhenTomwalkedintotheroom.ὁ¥ᙠ¦ᡃ¡£§¨©ᦟ«஺Whilewewerehavingsupper,allthelightswentout.ᡃ¡ᔛḄ᎛,®¯8஺Hewasreadingwhileshewassettingthetable.᝛᤮²³Mᙠ´µ஺Itwasgettingdark.Thewindwasrising.ᜩ¶¶·.ᩭ8஺¸¹º»8஺2IJGᵨalways,continually,frequently¼½ᵨ⊤_IJG"#Ḅb஺VᵨX⊤¾ᨵḄ¿⁐Á஺᝞HThetwobrotherswerefrequentlyquarrelingwhentheywereyoung.ÂᐘÄÅ᎛GᔻÇ஺InQingDynasty,Chinawasalwaysmakingconcessionstowesternpowers.ÈÉÊË!ÌÍÎᑡ»ÐÑ஺7ஹᡂ+Òᵨhad+IJᑖ᪀ᡂ஺

10ᵨXH1⊤_"#ᙠIJ+BᡈxzḄᓽ"IJḄIJ"஺ᵨIJ&ᡂÔÕᨵ+IJḄBᡈᩭÖ᯿ᙠ2xz×"#஺᝞ØÂÙ!ᙠIJ"#Ḅᐜ"#ḄᵨIJ&ᡂy"#Ḅᵨ+,IJ஺᝞HShetoldmeshehadbeentherethreetimesbefore.᝛ÛÜᡃ᝛zᑮIÝÞ4ß஺h"JI""#ᙠ"ÛÜ"xzkHowlonghadhetaughtherebytheendoflastterm?ᑮàáâbãMᙠÞᦟàäåBᖾçh"ᦟà”"#ᙠàáâéêxzkWhenwearrived,thefootballmatchhadalreadybegun.ᡃ¡ᑮḄ᎛ëᳫí×îï8஺ShehadvisitedChinatwicebeforeshecamethisyear.᝛ðñᩭÊxz×òpIÊÂß8஺2IJ&ᡂó⊤_IJ+xz"#ḄᡈᕈḄ᝱++uᢝᑮIJ+ᡈKõ.J஺᝞HBythemiddleoflastmonth,IhadlivedinBeijingforfiveyears.ᑮᨴ÷ᡃ×ᙠᓅùú8ûñ8஺Bysixo'clocktheyhadworkedforeighthours.ᑮüýbãM¡×þÿ
஺WhenIcametoShanghai,hehadbeenthereforalongtime.ᡃᑮ
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Theroadsweredangerous.Ithadbeenrainingfortwowholedays.⍝}ᓻ◅஺6Xf.᦮ᜩ஺Theyweretiredbecausetheyhadbeendiggingsincedawn.]eᜩ?6Xᙠ᢬஺Theboywasdelightedwiththenewmountainbike.Hehadbeenhopingforoneforalongtime.ᵱᑮ6ᙢ\ᐶ஺
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⊤WᩭMNḄ^ᡈR஺⌕ᨵ!f{⊤T:(l)shall/will+⊤WᓫḄᩭ¡¢Ḅ£K¤஺¥6¦§I,weᵨshallᡈwill,ᐸ©ᵨwill.ᐸᔲ«ஹᶧ®ᓫ¯°᝞f:ᔲ«ᶧIshall/willnotstudy....ShallIstudy...?Youwillnotstudy....Willyoustudy...?Hewillnotstudy....Willhestudy...?ᔲ«ᶧ®ᓫ¯°(²«/ᔲ«)ShallInot(shan,ti)study...?Yes,youwill.No,youwon't.Willyounot(Won,tyou)Yes,Ishall/will.No,Istudy...?shan't/won't.Willhenot(Won1the)Yes,hewill.No,hewon*t.study....?8᝞:Ishallbetwentyyearsoldnextyear.ᡃµ¶·ᓝ¹஺Theskyisblack.Ithinkitwillrain.ᜩºfᩭ஺ᡃ»d¼#f஺Youwillmeethimatthestationthisafternoon.½fᓤ#ᙠ¿Àᑮ஺Thetrainwillarrivesoon.ÁÂ⌕ᑮ஺

13Whenshallweseeyounexttime?ᡃfÃOP
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14+,஺Sheisnotgoingtobethere.᝛./ᑮ01)Ḅ஺Whenareyougoingtofinishyourwork?2Ḅ34567᎛9:Heisgoingtostayaweek.;ᜓᕆ=>?஺Wearegoingtocallameetingtodiscussit.ᡃ@ᜓAB/ᩭCD=E஺2F᪀HIJ⊤LMNO᪷QRᨵḄTUVWXYIZᓽ\]஺᝞Lookattheseblackclouds?itisgoingtorain.^_`a?⌕Ecd஺Ithinkitisgoingtosnow.ᡃ^⌕Ee஺IamafraidIamgoingtohaveabadcold.អ᝿ᡃ⌕hijᑈ஺10ஹ"ᩭshall/willbe+lᙠᑖnᵨpᩭqr7sn⊤Lᙠᩭ=t7uᑁ/\]Ḅs4஺Thistimenextweekweshallbeworkinginthatfactory.E>?7᎛wᡃ@ᙠ0B3ᔆys஺WhenIgetuptomorrowmorning,mymotherwillbegettingbreakfastforme.zᡃᜩ|ᨌ~7wᡃᝤᝤᙠWᡃᜓ|஺Iwillbeseeinghimnextmonth.ᡃEBᨴ⌕;஺Tomorrowwewillbegoingtothevillagefair.ᡃ@ᜩ)஺WewillbetakingourholidayattheseasideinJuly.ᨴᡃ@⌕)Ꮇ஺

15=ᩭ7ᩭqr7⊤Lᩭw06᝞=ᩭ7ᩭqr7ᕖ?ᩭqr7.⊤LBOwjᓽ\]w=ᨵḼ?wj⁐¢£¤ws4஺=ᩭ7⌕=ᓽ\]=B¥ឋḄMᡈ▰¨w¥ᡈ஺11."ᩭ(1)ᵫshould/would+snª«᪀ᡂ஺=O®ᵨshould;¯ஹ±O®ᵨwould஺²³!ᡠᨵO®=µᵨwould,should/wouldḄ¶ᶍ«¸W‘d,᝞I'd,you'd;wouldnotshouldnotḄ¶ᶍ«¸ᑖWwouldn'tshouldn't.(2)»)ᩭ7⊤L¼»)7u^⌕\]Ḅw½ᵨᙠ¾!¼¿À஺HIJ⊤L»)ḄÁᔣᡈ»)ÃY\]Ḅ஺᝞TheyaskedmeifIwouldgotoGuangzhousoon.;@ÄᡃᔲÆÇwÈ⌕)ÉÊ஺Shetoldmeshewouldcomeagainnextweek.᝛ᡃM᝛EᕜHᩭ஺Itoldhimtoleaveimmediately,buthewouldn1t.ᡃÌÍ;ÎÏA,Ñ;.஺He'dplaytheviolinwhenhewasinlowspirits.;ÒÓÔḄ7᎛,ÕÖ×Øᴊ஺WhenIwasincollege,Iwouldfindapart-timejobduringthesummerholidayseveryyeartoearnmytuition.ᡃᜧḄ7஽Ü,ÝᨣÆ\ßà73ᢳâ஺(3)ᐸ;⊤L»)ᩭ7ḄF᪀

1612ஹ"ᩭᡂshall/will+have+»)ᑖnᵨp:ᩭ9ᡂ7sn⌕⊤LᙠᩭḄ=7åᡈᩭḄ=7åæç9ᡂḄs4w=s4èIZéêqr஺᝞Byseveno'clockthisafternoonweshallhavegottoShanghaiifthetrainkeepsgoodline.᝞ë&'ìríYwᡃ@îᜩEᓤ#Õᑮd஺BeforebedtimeXiaoMingwillhavecompletedhiswork.ᑮṑḄ7᎛w×/9;Ḅ34(ᡈ4ò)஺ByFebruarynextyearthisforeignexpertwillhavebeenhereonthisjobforfiveyears.ᑮ¯ᨴwB᜜³õöᙠ1⚗34Õøùd஺BySept.2008Beijingwillhaveheld/hostedtheOlympicGames.ᑮ20089ᨴ,ᓅûür9dᝍì/஺ஹ$᝱()'(ᙠ!Àw!᝱snḄ=«¸w⊤L!ÿḄᐵ஺ᨵ᝱ᓽ᝱᝱஺᝱(activevoice)⊤Ḅ᡻ὅ;᝱(passivevoice)⊤Ḅὅ஺᝞Saddamisbeingtried.⃬ᙠ"#ᑨ஺TheIraqigovernmentistryingSaddam.%&'()ᙠ#ᑨ⃬஺Moreandmorepeopleusecomputersnow.*᝱+Computersaremoreandmorewidelyusednow.*᝱+

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18givenGHrᡂPHadbeengiven᝱Ḅᶧtupv_hFwᑮxyஹuzᵨt{;ᔲ`Aᙠv_hF}~notᡈnever7ᐸᔲ`ஹuzᵨu{஺᝞"Duringtheinterview,wereyouaskedquestionsinEnglish?""No,Iwasn,taskedquestionsinEnglish.""☢ḄP᎛ᵨtt⚪3ᔩ?”"ᨵᨵᵨtᡃt⚪஺"Theoriginoftheuniversewillprobablyneverbeexplained.ḄᜧᭆBC஺Istherestaurantbeingdecorated?⚶✂ᙠᔩTherestaurantisnotbeingdecorated.Inthefacttherestauranthasneverbeendecorated⚶✂ᨵᙠ஺▭¡,⚶✂£ᩭoᨵG஺5$᝱Ḅᵨ1ஹC¤⍝ᡈᨵ¦⌕ᢣ¨Ḅ᡻ὅ஺ᣚhkªᨵ_«¬C¤⍝®¯ḄᡈὅC°k¨®¯ḄSPfᵨ᝱஺j᝞IfeltalittlienervouswhenIwasbeinginterviewed,ᡃ"☢ḄP᎛ᨵU±²஺ThesefightersareimportedfromRussia.S³ᡊᧅ¶£·¸q¹Ḅ஺Thatplacehasbeenturnedintoaswimmingpool.ᨴBhᙢ@¼Qᡂ½¾¿஺

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21Ajobhasbeengiven
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25Itisunlikelythatshewillinvitemetomorrow,soIshallnotgototheparty.Kᜩ᝛|⍸pᡃVWᡃ|}஺¦·¸&¦q¹:Ḅᩩ&ᵨ?@AḄᱯCD7ᩭ⊤Fᙠஹ=}®°Ḅ¯±ᡈᩭ¬Ḅ¯±⊤Fᝰᶧ(▰ᩩ&Ḅ?@AD7¦¼ᡠ⊤6Ḅ£ªᐰ½஺ᩩ&ᡠᵨḄ?@A=}7ஹ=}ªᡂ7ஹ=}ᩭ7/0⊤F½Ḅ▰&>Ḅ=}ஹ=}ªᡂ/¾¿ᐵÀᙠQgÁÂ-z¦Ãi⌕ÄÅ஺ᙠᩩ&ḄᔜᐹÇD7(ᵨRᑖ᝞m:1ஹᙠḄ⊤Fᙠ®°ḄᎷ,ᩩÈ&Ḅ?@Aᵨ=}7(beḄ=}7ᵨwere.;&Ḅ?@Aᵨwould(should,could,might)+@AÉD஺Êm⊤:ᩩÈ&Ḅ@AD7&Ḅ@AD7Ë++@A=}7(beḄ=}7were.ᙠI(we)should+@AÉDÍ/ÎÏ7ÐᔠI,he,she,it/Ñ+would(might,could)☢bᵨwas.ᙠIfIwereyouHÒᓝ@AÉD⌕ᵨwere,ᵨwas.2ஹ=}Ḅ⊤F=}Ḅ®°ḄᎷ,ᩩÈ&Ḅ?@Aᵨ=}ªᡂ&Ḅ?@Aᵨwould(should,could,might)+=}ᑖA஺Êm⊤:ᩩÈÔḄ@AD7&Ḅ@AD7If++had+=}ᑖAi(we)should+have+=}ᑖA

26+could
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3if+ÕÜÝÞ(ᦪÖ+wereto+@AÉD4ஹàᩩÈ&⊤FḄ(&⊤FḄᡠ¬ḄÙHá@AḄD7⌕᪷ãäᡠ⊤FḄÙᩭå᦮஺¦·×¯±½Ḅ?@AD7²ᨵ⍳覷éê஺5.¦·&'¦ëᣚᡂ¦mD7:1ᩩÈ&ḕᶍif:ᙠï☢᝞sᩩÈ&Ḅ?ᨵwere,hadᡈshould,S¦ḕᶍif,were,hadᡈshouldðᑮ&✌?óôᵨ"Were/Had/Should+"ḄD7஺ᙠ-·~ifḄᩩÈ&°½஺àᯠ᝞s&²ᨵwere,had,ᡈshould,Sḕᶍif.2ᵨnAõᩩÈ&஺Õ¦ᦋᩩÈ&Ö஺¸᝞:Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Butforyourhelp,Icouldn'thavedoneit.3ᵨᐸ÷27ᩩÈ&Õ¦ᦋᑏᩩÈ&஺Ö¸᝞:

27Itwouldproducebadresultstodothat.ᵨ@AÒ7=Ifyoudidthat/shoulddothat,itwouldproducebadresults.6ஹḕᶍᩩ&ᡈ&⊤FḄᩩ&Ḅ&ᡈ&ᨵ¦ḕᶍ;ḕᶍùᑖḄ£úᨵᡠÇ஺JKLḄᐸa9bcᵨ1ஹᵨᙠ"wish+û&"⊤FücᡈḄ.ý¦þÿ"…""៎…”஺⊤ᙠḄḄᵨ;⊤ᩭḄ,Ḅᵨ"would
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beᵨwereᢣᩭᑣᵨwould
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that…S>*☢ḄḄTᵨ
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28Itistimeweleft/shouldleave.Itishightimethatyougotmarried.4ஹᙠIwouldrather(that)…S>*☢ḄḄᵨ(beḄᵨwere).3XḄYZ5“ᡃ^_⊤`XaḄY஺Forexample:FdratherIwereintherainnow.Fdratheryoudidnottellhim.5ஹᵨᙠsupposebᜮḄἌe>ḄfᓄLasif*☢Ḅfᓄhijkᵨஹlᡂஹᡈᩭ஺YZ5"Ꮇ᝞suppose55o஺᝞8Supposethebosswalkedin.WhatshouldIdo?SupposeSaddamhadnotbeencaptured.WhatwouldtheU.S.do?SupposeChenShui-bianshoulddeclareTaiwanindependent.WhatwouldChinado?6ஹᵨᙠforfearthatᡈlestp=Ḅ>,⊤"᝿...""
…"YZ஺Ḅᵨshould+"#should_sḕᶍ஺᝞8Sheclosedthewindowsforfearthatshe(should)catchcold.Theofficerforbadetheuseofartillerylestthecity'sindustrybedamaged.Lestthewallshouldcollapse,theyevacuatedfromthebuilding.7.ᙠ⊤tuஹ⌕wஹxyYZḄ᝞arrange,command,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,request,require,suggest,beg,move({u)

29*☢Ḅ,>ᵨshould+"#should_sḕᶍ}p=,Ḅthatḕᶍ஺~᝞8Wesuggestedthatwe(should)haveameeting.Weinsistedthatthey(should)gowithus.Thedoctororderedthatshe(should)stayinbedforafewdays.Hedemandedthatwe(should)startrightaway.Thecommanderorderedthatthebridge(should)bebombed.Thevillagersrequestedthattheoldbuildingnotbepulleddown.Nowlet'sdosometranslation:ᳮᢝ⚗-.ᢥᑜ᡻஺Thegeneralmanagerinsistedthattheprojectbecarriedoutasplanned.ḕw஺Thegovernorrequestedthathebegivenanotherchance.⌕wᨽ-.ᩩᐸ᪶ᘤᑜ஺TheUnitedStatesdemandedthatIranshouldunconditionallygiveupitsnuclearweaponprogram(programtodevelopnuclearweapons)ᨬ¢£▾¥¦§ᫀ-.©ª«ᳮ஺TheSupremeCourtruledthatthiscaseberetried.¬Ctuᓽeᙠ⁚Ꮇ¯a°±²³´஺8ஹeᵨµ¶⊤tuஹ⌕wஹxyYZḄ·CḄ¸ᡈᙠ3¹ᵨA¸?¸º*Ḅᵨ/01ᓽḄᵨshould+

30"#should_sḕᶍ஺Ḅp=thatḕᶍ஺3Lµ¶»7⚗¼½஺᝞8Hemadearequestthathe(should)beallowedtotake3daysoff.=Herequestedthathebeallowedtotake3daysoff.Oursuggestionisthateducationnotbeindustrialized.=Wesuggestthateducationnotbeindustrialized.Thepresident'sdecisionisthatthewaragainstterrorismbelaunchedattherighttime.=Thepresidentdecidedthatthewaragainstterrorismbelaunchedattherighttime.9ஹµ¶ᙠItissuggestedthat...,Itisrequiredthat...,It'srequestedthat...,Itzsorderedthat...,It'sarrangedthat...S>,thatº*Ḅᵨ/01,ᓽᵨshould+"#should_sḕᶍp=thatḕᶍ஺᝞8Itwassuggestedthatheattendtheconference.Itwasrequestedthatthetrialbeopenlyreported.10ஹᙠIt'simportant(imperative,necessary,essential,vital,desirable,advisable,better)that...S>,thatp=Ḅᵨ/01,ᓽᵨshould+"#,should_sḕᶍ஺34S⊤`XaḄY¾ஹ⌕w஺Forexample:Itisessentialthatthereshouldbeenoughfoodandclothingforthewinter.

31ItisdesirablethatyourweddingbepostponeduntilnextJuly.Itisimperativethattheboardchairmanbepresentattheboardmeeting.¿᜜ᙠ¹ÁÂᵨ>±ᨵ/01Ḅ#஺ᨬÃÄ3¹ÁÂᵨAÅSᩭÆÇ஺᝞8Mayyoubehappy!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeoplezsRepublicofChina!Everybodyleavetheroom!Youhadbetternotresign.Iwouldrathernottellyou.º/015È>Ḅ4ÉÊË/01Ḅᵨ£ÌSÍÎḄfᓄÏÍÐᩖ஺ᙠÒÁḄ?᎛⌕⌲4ᐵ஺k?±⌕ᗐÖB/01Ḅhi஺᪷ØḄfᓄᜧÚ_sÄ/01ᑖÛÅ8Å5ᵨᑖᡈᩭ3M⌕5ᵨif...,wish,supposeḄ'G;Å5ᵨshould+"#(should_sḕᶍ)3M⌕ᵨÖ⊤tuஹ⌕wஹxyYZḄᡈ¸*☢ᡠÝḄsÞItisimportant(necessary)that…*☢ᡠÝḄ;Å5ᵨ,᝞Itis(high)time(that)…ÌIwouldrather*☢Ḅ஺kÒ°ß_sàáâ〉ᔠàáḄhi᝞Ä/01S_sᑖᵨÖåᓫஹᩩFஹ,ஹMஹ⊤ஹ¦ஹkç

32஺Nowlet'sdosomeexercisestoconsolidatewhatwehavelearnedaboutsubjunctivemood:5ஹde1ஹᡃèéêë஺"Ilikecooking."ì>Tike"[èéW5஺"cooking"[êëW5,ᵨ¸#஺í᝞8"Helikescooking."ᙠÈ>஺TîḼMḄaðஹᦪ}fᓄ¸A,?5fḄ஺2ஹ%ᡃᩭ`ÒÈò᧕஺"ô\'snoteasyformetolearnEnglish.H3ஹ÷øJ,ᙢᳫ54û⁐Ḅᳫý஺"Seenfromthespace,theearthisabluesphere."ÏÍ3¹þḄ>Èᦻ஺ᙠஹஹᑖḄஹᐸ!"""ஹ""ஹ""$ᨵ&ᓄ஺(ᙠ""&ᡂ*cooking,""&ᡂ*tolearn,""&ᡂ*seen.!",-*&ᓄ(./0,-&ᓄ123ᨵ4᜜Ḅ6஺1738"96":8"9▲<ឋ”?@$ᨵABᦪḄ&ᓄ஺ḄDᜧFGHAḄIJKLMGᙠNᵨMP᧕R┯TḄᙢV஺◤⌕ᱯZ[Ḅ\ḄᓫI^_ᨵ(./0ᨵI6`᪀ᓽI6᝞dᓫef*4᜜Ḅ3g⌕ᦋ&!"஺ijcooking,tolearn,seenkᐹᨵᱯmᙠno6Ḅ!"g8Ḅ96!"G896஺

33ᡃ@qrsWIlikecooking/1t"Helikescooking.,fuvnL6like!"&*[w$ᨵ&ᓄ஺(cooking$ᨵxy&ᓄ஺q"ItisnoteasyformetolearnEnglish.”wItisnoteasyforhimtolearnEnglish.'*"zᡃ"forme,"z?"forhim{|Ḅ"tolearn"$ᨵxy&ᓄ஺}ie96n~ABᦪḄ&ᓄ(&ᓄḄ@nABᦪḄ▲<ᡠi:8"9▲<”஺ᙠ◀*ᐙ6᜜}iஹ!PᡈḄᵨᙠᐙஹஹ⊤ஹ⊡ஹ<஺gḄ96!"஺◤⌕ᵨஹᡈ⛲ஹḄᡂᑖMg⌕Nᵨ!"஺Ḅdef0ᨵ+\
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34Tohavebeen¢ᡂ¡writingfᙠᑖI^WritingBeingwrittenHavingbeen¢ᡂHavingwrittenwrittenI^writtenAஹgh0ᐸ!"£஺+!"஺t஺n<"¥¦§w஺ᐸᔲ<"ᙠt஺©☢«jnot,neverkᔲ<஺n<"}iᨵ¬Ḅ®¯ᵫfor±e«ᙠn<"©☢஺᝞dn<"Ḅ®¯⊤²n<"Ḅ³ὅᑣn<"ᵨ᝱஺ᡠ¶®¯gᢣ96kḄ᡻¡ὅ஺ᵫ¹96kᨵḄᱯm:n6ᡠiḄ᡻¡ὅgnoB2(ᙠ®¯j:Ḅ᡻¡ὅᡠigB2®¯஺᝞dn<"®¯jḄn<"ᡠ⊤²ḄḄ³ὅn<"I^⌕ᵨ᝱஺ᶧ»(who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why,howᒹ½whether)k|☢«n<"᪀ᡂn<"}⊤k஺()i8஺ᙠgh0ji8Ḅ9klTmmᵨitif08Tngogh0jpᙠ9kḄq☢஺᝞s

35Todielikethatisaterriblething.=Itisaterriblethingtodielikethat.¾¿᪵ÁIÂ}᝿ḄÄ஺it!",ÆÇÈḄt஺dielikethatÉᙠ|☢Toknowoneselfisdifficult.=It'sdifficulttoknowoneself.ᨵ¬Ê{nP᧕஺Totellalieisnotalwayseasy.=It'snotalwayseasytotellalie.ᥜÌÍ9ÎP᧕஺Nevertooffendanyoneismyprinciple.ÏÐnÑÒxyAgᡃḄᑣ஺It'sagainstnaturetoremainsingle.ÓᢝᓫÕÖ׬ᯠḄ஺Toseeistobelieve.ÙÚ2Û஺Foradogtodielikethatisaterriblething.=Itisaterriblethingforadogtodielikethat.Iᩩݾ¿᪵ÁIÂ}᝿ḄÄ஺
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36ᔠ〉஺ᔲ?᪀234A5B᝞7᝞7஺C᝞D1ஹItisdifficultformetolearnEnglish.234FGHIJKᑏᡂIamdifficulttolearnEnglish.M0NOᨵQR┯஺S2ஹItisunwiseofyoutogototheUnitedStatesatthistime.=YouareunwisetogototheUnitedStatesatthistime.34T஺It'sverykindofyoutocometoseeusoff.=You'rekindtocometoseeusoff.TᩭᡃW〈YZ[஺It'sunwiseofhimtodrinkandsmokesomuch.=Heisunwisetodrinkandsmokesomuch.\]^⏀ஹ`^a&Ḅ஺It'sextremelycruelofJohntokillanimals.Johnᩔcdᱥf&ghi

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38ÜÝfindoutÞforget²inquireᡭßknowà⍝,learnFâremember²z,showãä,tellåæ,teachᦟ,think,understandçzwonderà⍝஺C᝞DIdon'tknowwheretogetsomuchmoney.ᡃà⍝èéêë^ì஺Theyhaven'tdecidedwhethertoleaveorstay.\WÏí&îÏïᓽAt.ᵫoñ᜜Ò?᪀Ï8t§H⊤H,ôuH஺Howtoliveahappylifeisadifficultquestiontoanswer.õ᪵ö÷øùú&nIJû¯ḄÔ⚪Thequestioniswhomtochoosefortheposition.Ô⚪&nýþ⌱ÿ஺Thatwasadiscussionabouthowtoincreasetheirstrength.
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41Iwouldjustassoonstayasgo.ᡃÖ×ïð/×஺Wecouldn,tbutweepatthesadnews.Youcanztbutrespectthem.Ratherthan¨soonerthanñò±"Ö²""®ᐸ…Ó/᝞Õ""/••.Ó÷Õ”Ḅ&ù஺úûüᙠý✌ÿᐸt஺Ḅ;ᙠᐸᐸḄtRatherthanriskbreakinguphismarriage,hetoldhiswifeeverything.ᑗᑈḄᓻ◅஺Ratherthancausetrouble,heleft.#$%&'()*஺Soonerthanmarrythatman,shewouldearnherlivingasawaitress.᝛#,᝕./01234567ᵱ9஺Hedecidedtowriteratherthantelephone.:ᑏ<ᡭᵯ?஺Themanagerbelievesitisimportanttoinvestinnewmachineryratherthantoincreasewages.@ᳮB

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43Wedemandedthemtogiveusadefiniteanswer.ᡃm⌕]m57¿ᑗḄÀÁ஺¿ḄgiIhopethatyou'IIbehappy.ᡃ´µw¼½஺Isuggestthatyoutakehimseriously.ᡃ¶·w⌕,¾T஺Iadviseyounottotakehimseriously.ᡃ¶·w⌕,¾T஺Wedemandedthattheygiveusadefiniteanswer.ᡃm⌕]m57¿ᑗḄÀÁ஺ih஺b`bÂuᙠÃÄ⛲Ḅ\Æᨵ[Ç\Ḅ☢ᵨ`b஺Ḅᨵiability¹È,agreementÉÊ·,ambitionËÌஹÍÎ,anxietyᯖញattemptÑÒcampaignᡊÔchanceIÕclaimÖ×,courageØÙdecision:determination:Î,driveÚÈ,eagernessÛᑗḄÎU‘effortÚÈfailureᜫÝhope´µ,intentionÞḄ³Ò,motiveforceWÈ,movementßWஹÊ·,need◤⌕,opportunityIÕ,planáᑜ,promiseãä,readiness½³,refusalåæ,reluctanceçè&,resolution:ÎtendencyéᔣrightᩗÈ,struggleᧅíthreatîïtime᎛,wayñ,willingness&³,wish´µ஺NR[\BòḄóô\ᡈW\öW\஺᝞ability-beableto,refusal-refuseto£஺`b⊤øù⌕«ḄW`஺Thereisnotanyonetosavehim.®ᨵúû¹ᦗḄ9஺

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46()
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50KᑮU+஺Becarefulnottocatchcold.^_ᑈ஺He'sanxioustogobackstraighttoLondon.Kញabcdᦦ஺They'IIbereadytoleaveinaboutanhour.fᨵᜧhi^jKRk,ᜓ%l஺Thenewmanageriseasytogetalongwith.mnᳮU᧕pᜐ஺Thisriverisbroad,deepandgoodtomin.Hᩩstu,vwxḄ%ᙢz஺Yoursofaiscomfortabletositin.QḄ{|ᙶ~U—஺(3)8▲☢:learn?find|seehearGtobetoldmake?B஺only+8⊤=ᧇḄ஺D᝞FHehurriedtotheairporttolearnthattheflighthadalreadytakenoff.Kញᑮᓾ?¡¢n£¡l஺Hereturnedhomefromhisholidayonlytofindthathishousehadbeenbrokeninto.K¤Ꮇc¦,ᓾ|KḄ§¨ẚª«ᐭl஺(4)8)®¯"besaid,bereported,...HB°ᵨ᪀ᡂ³ᔠ´஺Hi᪀)µᡂ"~'ssaid,It'sreported,…"(¹᝱»ᑖ)஺᝞FAnexplosionisreportedtohavehappened,andthreeareknowntohavebeenkilled.=It'sreportedthatanexplosionhashappenedandit'sknownthatthreehavebeenkilled.

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57ᡃᦋThomasinsistedthathe(should)doitinhisownway.Excusemeforinterruptingyou.ᡃᡭ᡾,SincereturningfromXizan,hehasbeenbusy.ᩭ!"஺Hewarnedmeagainstmminginthislake.#$ᡃ%⌕ᙠ()*+,஺ᦋ%-./:Hewarnedmenottominthislake.Wecameoutwithoutbeingseen.ᡃ1ᩭ23456஺Beforefinishingyourhomework,you'dbetternotgoout.789:;<ᨬ>?1@஺ᦋᵨbefore9BCBeforeyoufinishyourhomework,you'dbetternotgoout.(E)GHCIJKᨵMNḄPQRSTᙠGHC/<☢VWᱥRYCᡈHCḄᡠᨵ\஺]PQRḄGHC/J7R^⊤`஺ᙠab.ᦻdefghᱥRYCiᓄ^\4kYCHCᡠᨵ\iᓄHC஺l᝞Iinsistedonhis(him)goingtothecinemawithme.ᡃnoᡃp@5ᵯr஺IcanhardlyimaginePeter(Peterzs)sailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.ᡃi%stuvwxᙠyᜩᑁ|}ᜧ஺Linda'scomingwilldoyougood.(R᪍Ḅᑮᩭᨵ>ᜐ஺

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59½¾஺¿Àᢣ´%®o½஺¿ᱯᢣÂHelookedtiredandIdidn'tliketodisturbhim.5W@!Ä,ᡃ%tᡭ᡾஺Idon'tlikereading,butfdliketoreadamagazineinbedtonight.ᡃ%®5Å´TÆᜩÇW᎔tÉᙠÊW5ËᩖÍ஺LittleJimshouldlovetobetakentothetheatrethisevening.ÎᔡÐÆÇ®3]@5Ñ஺Thereporterwould/shouldliketoseeyouagain.¤ÒÓὅÔt66஺Wedon'tliketalkingaboutpeoplebehindtheirbacks.ᡃ%®ÕÖ×4஺hatetodosth⊤"Ù%t7±,¿´%w%7".᝞Ihatetodisturbyounow,butIhavenochoice.ᡃÙ%tÚᙠᡭ᡾,´2ᨵÛÜ஺
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61(6)trytodosth789:trydoingsth.:;<;%᝞'Youmusttrytodoitagain.=>?@ABC

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63failedthreetimes,hedidn'twanttotryagain.nᜫÐ*ÑD,?CÓ*஺
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65containingteaₐbḄq/theteacontainedinaboxᙠḄₐb/fallingsnowUᙠ^Ḅ/fallensnowbox`ᙠᙢḄ(3)⊤RḄg஺ᙠᑖ⊤⊤ᡠᐹᨵḄᱯ-"|%᝞"஺ᑖ⊤ᡠᜐḄ¡᝱-"ᑮ᝞"஺7᝞9Hislectureisdis¢pointing஺I'mdisappointed,,£Ḅ¤|%ᜫ¦஺ᡃᑮᜫ¦஺WearesurprisedtohearthenewsThenewsissurprising,,ᡃBI¨o©ᔛA஺©|%ᔛ஺Thesituationisencouraging,,We'reencouraged,,«¬%஺ᡃᑮ஺®ᵨḄ°ᨵ9amusing/amused,astonishing/astonished,disappointing/disappointed,exciting/excited,frightening/frightened,interestinginterested,moving/moved,relaxing/relaxed,satisfying/satisfied,shocking/shocked,surprising/surprised,terrifying/terrified,tiring/tired,worrying/worried±±஺(4)¡Ḅᑖ²ᙠ³x´RSஹ¶·ஹ¸¬ஹ¹º¡஺ᙠᑖḄ.».Rᡈ¼½Rv¾ஹ-Ḅ஺¿ᑖḄ.ᙠ».4Àv¾ஹ-,Ḅ஺7᝞9Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanoteo!IÂo%ᙠz᝛ÄÅÆ£ᶇÈᩩ஺(h¼½R)

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67Unlesspayingbycreditcard,pleasepayincash᝞ᵨᵨᓱ!o"#ᵨ$%!஺Tomwillneverdothisunlesscompelled,,&'()*+,-.◀0123᜼஺She'sbeenquitedifferentsincecomingbackfromAmerica,,5678ᩭ:᝛ᜧ=>஺()ᵨA1.CDE஺CDEḄᑖGHIJᙠ1K⛲ḄMGN஺᝞1K⛲ḄGsomething,anything,everything,nothingO,ᑣᑖGJᙠRGN:஺ᑖGSEHIJᙠ1K⛲ḄMGN:஺T᝞UThisisaninterestingbook(=ThisisabookItisinteresting,,)ooVWᨵYḄZ஺Thereissomethinginterestinginthenews(=ThereissomethinginothenewsItisinteresting,,)[\]ᨵRᨵYḄ.஺oThemansittingbythewindowisourmathteacher(=Themanwhooissittingbythewindowisourmathteacher)☠_ᡝᙶḼḄcdeᡃgoḄᦪiὁkThemachinerunbytheoldworkerismadeinShanghai,,(=ThemachinethatisrunbytheoldworkerismadeinShanghai,,)clὁmenḄoᘤqr⌼Ḅ஺Mostofstudentssingingweregirls(=Mostofthestudentswhoo

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70Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinsports
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75,+'Ḅ஺@᝞BThelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.¶·¸ᐳº»¼½¾\ᡃk¿¾ÀÁÂ஺(Ä)ᑖḄ᝱᝱#$ᑖÆÇ⊤"`""rᡂ"p%&ÈÉÊᨵ᝱᝱Ë☢ḄÍᓄ஺Ï☢ÐÏᙠᑖḄ᝱᝱஺1.ᙠᑖḄrᡂ(having+#$ᑖ)⊤ḄÒÓᙠᡠ⊤ḄÔÕᡈᙠÖ×ᨵØḄÖ◞஺@᝞BHavingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.(=Afterhehadwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.ÚÛᑏrÝÞ²$ßà\஺HavinglivedinBeijingforyears,LaoWangknowsthecityquitewell.(=AshehaslivedinBeijingforyears,LaoWangknowsthecityquitewell.)ὁâᙠᓅäå\æçᡠÇyèé{ê៉஺Havingdrunktwoglassesofwater,XiaoMafeltalittlebetter.(=AfterhehaddrunktwoglassesofwaterXiaoMafeltalittlebetter.)ìíî\ïðvñò\rᡂᙠᑖÆÇ⊤ᐜÞôõÒÓḄ஺ᙠÆö÷øùúḄûᔠýþᵨrᡂᙠᑖ⊤ᐜÒÓḄ஺

76@᝞:Openingthedrawer,hetookouthiswallet.
=Heopenedthedrawerandtookouthiswallet.ᡭᒹ஺Comingintotheroom,heputdownhisbag.
=hecameintotheroomandputdownhisbag.ᒹ஺Havingbrushedhisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.ᨽᐜᑵᱛᩭᔛ஺!᝞ᑏᡂ:Brushinghisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.&'ᢣ"*ᑵᱛ*’஺,2..ᙠᑖ1Ḅ345᝱
being+7ᑖ1,89⊤;"<ᙠ3…"Ḅ>?஺᝞@A.ᙠᑖ1⊤;Ḅ4BCᙠD541ᡠ⊤;Ḅ4BFGH&ᵨ.ᙠᑖ1345᝱ḄJᡂK
having+been+7ᑖ1,஺M᝞NThebridgebeingbuiltwillbecompletednextmonth.<ᙠOPḄQR᫑TUᨴJᡂ஺Havingbeenkeptoutoftheroomabouthalfanhourforhisreturninglate,Tomwasletin.WXYᩭZ[ᡠ\3ᐵᙠ^᜜`aHbcde7஺7ஹ8{᪀fghij᪀ᵫm1ᡈo1pqᐸᡂᑖᑖ1ஹtuKஹm1ஹo1ஹvw1ஹx

771ᡈz1{5,᪀ᡂ஺fghij᪀|ᨵh5~D5ᡠ\ᙠ5qt!஺ᨵm1ᡈo1⊤;Ḅh5ᑖ1ᡈtuK⊤;ḄD5ᨵHᨵᐸO⛲ᡂᑖ஺ᑨj᪀ᔲ!Ḅ᪗j᪀ᔲᨵD541஺,j᪀89ᙠ!KஹHஹஹᩩ5ᡈ5!ḄBᵨh⌕ᵨU☢5஺ᵨ41D5vKḄfghij᪀&\ᦋ¢!vK!,:fghij᪀pq£1D541ᦋ¢D541vK᪵ᡂ¢![஺M᝞NTodaybeingSunday,thelibraryisn\'topen.¥ᜩ§¨ᜩ©✂t஺,ᦋ¢!NAs
SincetodayisSunday,thelibraryisn\'topen.M᝞NTherebeingnobuses,wehadtotakeataxi.|ᨵ«¬[ᡃ®¯°ᙶ²¬[஺Becausetherewerenobuses,wehadtotakeataxi.Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.³´Cµ¶ᐳ«¬¸4[஺H,ᦋ¢!NAfterthesignalwasgiven,thebusstarted.Theboyfollowedthatmanhere,andclimbedin,swordinhand.¹º»Q¼ᑮ¾¿À[ᩭÁ¾Ḽᒃ஺Theboyfollowedthatmanhere,andclimbedin,andhadaswordinhishand.

78Themid-termexaminationisover,theend-of-termexaminationtocometwomonthslater.¨ὃÅjÆ[ÇᨴFµÈ¨ÉὃÅ.Themid-termexaminationisover,andtheend-of-termexaminationistocometwomonthslater.Weatherpermitting,we\'11visittheGreatWall.᝞ÊᜩËᐕÍḄÎ,ᡃ®7ÐÑÒÓ஺Ifweatherpermits,we\'11visittheGreatWall.Theboyfollowedthatmanhere,andclimbedin,swordinhand.¹ºᨴÔᨴB¼ᑮ¾¿À[ᩭÁ¾Ḽᒃ஺ÕÖ5,qᦻM!swordinhandᵫ஻m1+z1{5஻᪀ᡂ⊤;ÕÖḄÙÚ஺⊤;ÕÖÙḄfghij᪀ᨵH&\ᵨwithÛÜὅḄ>?᪵Ḅwithj᪀Þpß5ÎÞp9ᵨ஺Shelefttheofficewithtearsinhereyes.᝛á¾âḼãäå[æ¶ç஺Theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom,witharulerunderhisarmandsomebooksinhishand.ὁéêëìíḼîï,Á¾Ḽðñ[ᦟç஺Theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom.Hewasholdingarulerunderhisarmandsomebooksinhishand.Tian\'anmenSquarelooksmagnificentwithallthelightson.óôõᜩö^÷øùúûü4¼஺Withtheboyleadingtheway,wefoundhishousewithnodifficulty.ᵫý⚞ÿᡃᙢᑮḄ஺Withhimtogiveusalead,ourteamisboundtoturnoutwell.ᨵᡃ

79ᜮᡃ஺LᢣᑡḄ!"#$᪀&1)Myworkhavingbeenfinished,Iwenthome.—Myworkhavingbeenfinished2)Thewomansatsmiling,surroundedbyherflowers,afarawaylookinhereyes.-Afarawaylookinhereyes3)Mywatchhavingbeenlost,Ididn\*tknowwhattimeitwas.-Mywatchhavingbeenlost4)Hecameintotheroom,hisfaceredwithcold.—hisfaceredwithcold5)Thereanelderlypatientwassittinginherwheelchairalone,headbowed,herbacktomostoftheothers.—Headbowed,herbacktomastoftheothers6)Amancamein,hisfacehiddenbyanupturnedcoatcollarandacappulledlawoverhisbrow.—Hisfacehiddenbyanupturned.......2ஹᵨ!"#$᪀ᦋ*ᑡ&1)Beingcold,heputonhisovercoat.--Itbeingcold,...2)Beingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.—Therebeingnobus,...

803)Gettingcolder;samebirdsareflyingawaytothesouth.-Itgettingcolder...4)Beingill,Mr.LitaughtthelessoninplaceofMr.Wang.—Mr.Wangbeingill,Mr.Litaught..5)Asiaisthelargestcontinentbeingabout43millionsquarekilometer....,itssize(area)beingabout43....3ஹᵨ!"#$᪀,-.ᑁḄ012ᡂ4156&l)BingBingenteredtheroom(89:Ḽ<ᜧ>?).——(with)abigappleinhishand.2)(AB)thechildrenranoutoftheclassroom.—Theclassbeingover3)Thelittlegirlwaitedatthebusstopforalongtime,(CDEFG).—hernoseredwithcold4)HerecomestheShanghaitrain,(HIJᩭḄLM)—theFuzhoutraintocomehalfanhourlater.5)Hewasdoinghishomework.(Ḅ᱄OᙶᙠRS)6)(TUVᨵWXYZḄ),themeetingwasclosed.----Nobodyhavinganymoretosay.BySept.2008Beijingwillhaveheld/hostedtheOlympicGames.\I]2008^9ᨴᓅa,bcdBᝍfg஺?ஹᐵ41Ḅhᨵij:"lhmnhopᔲh

818eḄ411r⌕t"1᝞?vᓫᦪl1ynU⌕ᵨᓫᦪz{;"1}v~ᦪl1ynU⌕ᵨ~ᦪz{᝞&Shelikestoeatwell.᝛ᔛWealllikegoodfood.ᡃ஺Everybodywashpywiththedecision.<ᑮᐶ஺Iamadoctor.ᡃv<஺ᭆ1.AndḄ<ᡈ<ᓫᦪn"1l1ynᵨ~ᦪz{HisopinionandminearedifferentḄᡃḄvḄ஺BobandPeteraredeadlyrivals.Bobpetervᜮ஺Whatshesaysandwhatshedoesaretotallydifferent.᝛ZḄḄdᐰ஺v᝞?andḄvᢣ<ᓫᭆ¡l1ynᵨᓫᦪ஺Breadandmilkhasbeenmybreakfastforyears.¢᝘☢ᒹ^ᩭ¦vᡃḄ§⚶஺Herlawyerandoldfriendisgoingtomarryher.᝛Ḅ©ªὁ¬⌕®᝛஺Allthiseffortandsacrificehascometonothing.ᡠᨵ°±²³ᱨµB஺ᵫandḄᓫᦪ"1ᑖ¸ᨵmanya,every,each,no¹⛲yn

82ᵨᓫᦪ஺᝞&Duringtheholidays,everytrainandeveryplanewascrowded.Ꮇ¼¼½¾ᑡLM¿¾ÀÁÂÃÄÅᢴ஺Noboyandnogirlhastherighttorefuseeducation.ᵱÈ᝕ÈVᨵÊËᦟÍḄᩗᑭ஺Manamanandmanawomanwasmovedbthispicture,,Ðᵱᵱ᝕᝕ÑÒÓy஺2.᝞?"1v<ÔÕᭆ¡Ö᝞{ஹynஹ"1H×Øl1ynᵨᓫᦪz{஺᝞?"1vᵨandḄ<ᡈ<ÔÕᭆ¡l1ynᵨ~ᦪz{஺᝞&Swimmingjoggingandcyclingareallgoadfarmsofsportsexercises.ÙÚஹ᠒ÜÝÞcMvßḄfyz{஺Tolivetoeatisnotaverygoadattitudetowardlife.àáḼâvãBᔛvḄä᝱æ஺Tolivetoeatandtoeattoliveareverydifferentattitudestowardlife.çwhat,who,why,haw,whether×whnèéḄH"1l1ynFÄᵨᓫᦪ;ᵫandḄ<"᝞?ᢣêëynᵨ~ᦪ஺᝞:WhatheisdoingisnotclearyetᙠìWXíîïWhatheisdoingandwhetherIknowhimaretwodifferentthings.ᙠìWXᡃvᔲðñvêḄë஺Whatshetoldmeisnoneofyourbusiness.᝛ᡃZḄWXᵨḼòó஺Whatshetoldmeandwhatshetoldyouaretotallydifferentthings.

83çwhatHã"1Ḅ""õ⊤SVC"÷᝞?"Ḅ⊤1v~ᦪ,"l1ynᵨ~ᦪz{;whatHøùv~ᦪúû"l1ynUYᵨ~ᦪ஺᝞:WhatIneedbuynowarefourteacupsandapairofsportsshoes.ᡃ◤⌕ýḄvþÿₐ
஺Whatwerethoughttobefivedogswereactuallyfivesheep.ᩩḄ▭஺3.family,class,crewᐰᕒᡈ#$%ᕒ&,crowd,group,committee,audience,government,public,team,staff,population(ᦑ*+,-./0᦮23-4☢6+ᵨᓫᦪ:᝞<ᐸ>?0ᡂᕒᩭὃ⇋,-ᑣᵨEᦪ஺F᝞GMyfamilyisabigone.ᡃI%J஺Myfamilyareallmusiclovers.ᡃᐰI%K᰾MNO஺EightypercentofChinaVspopulationarepeasants.PᑖRSᓝḄ>U%VWX஺Chinahasahugepopulation.>UᨵZJḄ%V஺ThepopulationofChinaisthelargestintheworld.>UḄ%V[\ᨬJḄ஺People,police,cattle,
^&-militiaXᐷ&-poultryI`&,verminab&c/*+,-4☢Ḅ⌕ᵨEᦪ஺4.efgeither,neither,every,each,one,theother,anotherhiᡠᨵḄEᔠefg/*+,-6+ᵨᓫᦪ-ᒹm"every/each/no...andevery/each/no......"/*+,஺

84᝞GEvery/Eachplaneandevery/eachpilotisreadytotakeoff.?op#?0pqᕒKrsᜓMup஺Noplaneandnopilotisreadytotakeoff.vᨵop#ஹvᨵ0pqᕒrsᜓMup஺Herearetwobooks.Eitherofthemisworthreading.xᨵyz{-K|}~஺Neitherofthesetwodictionariescontainsthisward.xyzᐺKvᦈᐭx0Everyoneishere.Nooneisabsent.ᜧIKᑮ-vᨵ%஺Somebodyisusingthephone.ᨵ%ᙠᵨᵯ஺Ihavetwosisters.Oneishere,andtheotherisnothere.ᡃᨵy0-0ᙠx-0eᙠx஺Eachdayisbetterthantheonebefore.—ᜩᜩM஺EitherdayisOK.yᜩ>ᜩKq஺5.what,who,which,any,mare,some,half,mast,all,none.cghᓫᦪ-hEᦪ-*⌕☠f஺ᢣeᦪ,/ᓫᦪ23஺6.⊤,ஹஹஹ¡|cḄᓫ¢-£¤Eᦪ¥¦-᝞§/᦮23-Kᵨᓫᦪ¥¦஺᝞§2/$ᡂ¨ᦪḄ00Ḅ0-ᑣᵨEᦪ஺᝞GTwentymilesisalongwaytowalk.©ªᓝ«¬Ḅ®¯஺Tenyearsisalongtimeᓝ°஺o

85Eightminutesisenough.Sᑖ±²஺Twelvedollarsistoodear.ᓝª³ᙊµ¶஺Therearesixsilverdollarsineachofthestacking.?·¸¬ᨵ¹0³ᐗḄ»¼஺7."the+¥½"⊤¾%,-6+ᵨEᦪ஺⊤¿ÀᭆÂᡈᢣ0ÃÄᱥ,6+ᵨᓫᦪ஺᝞GTheoldarewelltakencareof.ὁ%}ᑮMḄ᯿È஺Thebeautifulislavedbyall.%%K᰿³஺8.᝞§*+ᵫ"akind/sort/typeofthiskind/sort/typeof+”$ᡂ,e¤ᓫᦪÌEᦪ-ÍÎᵨᓫᦪ஺᝞:Thiskindofmanannoysme.=Thiskindofmenannoysme.xÐ%ÑᡃÒ஺Thiskindofappleisveryexpensive.=Thiskindofapplesis...xÐÓ§¶஺¾ÔḄÌᨵ:aportionofÕᑖ&-aseriesofÖᑡ&,apileofᚮ&,apanelof0Ù$ÚᕒÛ&,᝞GAseriesofaccidentshashappenedhere.x¬ÜÝÞÖᑡÄᦑ஺9.Means/"ßàஹá®"â,-ᓫEᦪã¥-ᐸä☢ᨵeach,every,neither,either,cᓫᦪaÂḄf+,-6+ᵨᓫᦪ;.ᨵall,both,thesecEᦪᭆÂḄf+,6+ᵨEᦪ஺"Noneofthemeans"/*+,-6+ÍÎᵨᓫᦪ஺᝞GThereis/arenomeansoflearningwhatishappening.vàæ⍝è

86ᙠÜÝéêÄ஺Nomeansis/areleftuntried.vᨵvëÞḄßà஺Everymeansistoanend.?Ðá®KìíᑮÐîḄ஺Abicycleisameansoftransport.ïqðÐñÍá®஺Allpossiblemeanshave/Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried.ᡠᨵḄßàKëÞ஺(ó)<õö1.÷*+ᵫeither…or.neither......nor,notonly......but(also)ᡈorøù,-6+ÍÎᨬúõḄû0*+ö஺F᝞GEitheryouorheistodothework.eü<ýᩭþxÿ஺NotonlyyoubutalsoTomoftencomeslatetoclass.ᐝ,ᑮ஺Neitherthechildrennortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.ὁ⍝஺2.therebe᪀☢ᨵ!ᑡ#$%&'$ᨬ)*Ḅ,-./஺᝞:Thereisadictionaryandmanybooksonthetable.2ᨵ.34ᐺ6738஺There'retenchairsandatableinthehouse.9:ᨵᓝ<᫹.>2஺Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsamepaperfaryou.?ᨵ.@A&B-CD.EFG஺HI*./ḄJKᙠMNOᦻQRSᩭSUV஺WᙠXᑡJKY᎝[\஺

87᝞:Whereisyourmotherandsisters?ᝤᝤ^_ᑮ`?abcIsyoursisterandherhusbandcomingtoseeyou?^^^d⌕ᩭfᔩcOneintenareexpectedtotakepartinthecontest.⚜ijᓝ-kIᨵ.-⌕ᩭlmnop஺3.q#$Ḅr4ᡈt4uwith,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellasvw$%'$x4.yz☢r4ᡈt4./஺Ew$z{ᵨ{ᵨ⌹~஺᝞:Awomanwithababyiscomingtothehospital.-ᝣ᝕Ḽ-?Nᔣ▾ᩭ஺Thegirl,aswellasthebays,haslearnedtodriveacar.-,E,.᪵b஺5t4./ᢣRt4ᙠᦪஹឋஹkv☢ᢝ./&᝞:Onemustdoone\'sbesttoincreaseproduction.Everybodytalkedatthetapofhis/theirvoice.Ifanyonecalls,tellhimI\'11bebackinamoment,
him{ᵨhimorhertᙠᑏR&᝞⊤¢£Ḅk&{¤ᵨyou,we,onev&◤⌕¦§Ḅ¨©.ªᦻ«R&¬ᵨ©.-£t4&®ᡠᨵ°⌕±ᐸ./஺7¡hᔲhXᑡ³´4ஹµ4ஹt4¶·£¸ᡂᔲ£%&»¼Ḅ¸ᓄ:

88·£ᔲ£We\'vehadsomemoney.Wehaven\'thadanymoney.IwastalkingtosomeoneIwasn\'ttalkingtoanyone.Theyrarely(never,seldom)visitTheysometimesvisitus.us.Hehasarrivedalready.Hehasn\'tarrivedyet.Liiscomingtoo.Liisn\'tcomingeither.Bothofusaregoing.Neitherofusaregoing.Helikesbothofthem.Hedoesn\'tlikeeitherofthem.¦§¨"so/neither+¾x4/J᝱x4+r4/t4"᪀R»ᵨ᎔Ä$Å&᝞:Mywifelikesclassicalmusicverymuchandsodo.Shedoesn\'tlikejazzandneitherdo.Æஹ£$¶ᡠ'¶&I.-#'᪀¼Ç᦮-É᪵ḄÊËᔠḄ.-ᡂᑖ&Î&¶ÏᓫÑÒᵨ஺ᙠËᔠRÓ⛲r4ᡈt4ஹ£$ḄÊ£$¶஺£$¶RÕkÖ$ᨬ×⌕ḄØÙÚ.஺ᐸÛ£$¶ÜᨵÝÞ&ß᝞X:ᙠᐵát4Rthatâ{ᢣkã{ᢣᱥஹâ{#$ã{å$&Î&◀bᙠM▲£ឋ£$¶R&ᵨthat.yèé⚪஺ᐵáµ4Ḅᵨëoìᓫ.&í¶R¬îï$Ḅᵨ&⊤¢%ðḄIᵨwhoñ,⊤¢ᙢÙḄIᵨwhere,why¬Ó⛲.-4ᓽreason஺

89£$¶ᡠÓ⛲Ḅ4Ê"ᐜõ4"&Îöíßᜐᙠ£$¶Ḅzᜮ&o£$¶ᐜõ.ù஺úû£$¶Ḅ4Êᐵá4&ᒹýᐵát4ᐵáµ4஺ᐵát4¨who,which,that¶Ḅ#$whom,which,that¶Ḅå$É{ḕᶍwhose
ᵨthat,ᵨwhich:i.ᐜall,little,none,any,every,no,much,anything,nothingii.ᐜᨵᨬᦪ⛲"#ᒹ%:theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,thenext'iii.ᐜ(ᨵ)*ᨵᱥḄ"᎛ᵨwhich,ᵨthat;জ/01▲ᑴឋ
#ᒹ%⊤᦮78Ḅ9:"ঝ<+ᐵ?Ḅ@᪀ᐵ?BCwhenᢣ"EFᙠ
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KLH,⛲reason஺᝞Oᵨ
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⛲Ḅ^_`U\ᑖ஺⌕PᐸU7Rcᡂ
F^⌕P`

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Ḅe7RḄᨬ{☢#jgḄ\ᑖm}ᶇFᐸnḄUcF`7R^cᡂ
஺ᯠxFmP`7
᦮7yᙠj⛲Ḅx☢FᨬxF᝞OkᨵᐸnRᡂᑖF^Pnyᑮ
Ḅx☢F^஺᝞CHaveyoufoundthebook?Youwerelookingforthebookyesterday.ᙠ`Q7RFthebook_Z[ḄF
⛲Ḅ^_thebookoPx☢`Ucᡂ
FW7ᐵ?ᩭgthebook;ᙠ⌕jcᡂ
ḄRFthebook_ᱥqs,ᡠᵨwhichᡈthatgn஺ᯠxPwhichᡈthatyᑮḄᨬ{☢ᐸnḄUc஺`"F^ᡂ"that/whichyouwerelookingforyesterday?",mP`7
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⛲Ḅ^_thehouse.Px☢`Ucᡂ
஺ᙠ⌕jcᡂ
ḄRFinthehouse_ᙢJHFᡠᵨwhereᩭgn஺ᯠxmPwhereyᑮḄᨬ{☢FᐸnḄᩭgn஺ᯠxmPwhereyᑮḄᨬ{☢FᐸnḄUc஺`"F^ᡂ"where}wasbarnandbroughtup"mP`o7
᦮7yᙠj⛲Ḅx☢,^ᡂ"ThisisthehousewhereIwasbarnandbroughtup.",
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Fn^
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Ḅ¡Xᩭ(%Ḅḕᶍ)C(6)They'reredecoratingtheroom.Aconferencewillbeheldintheroom.

92—They'reredecoratingtheroomwhereaconferencewillbeheld.—They'reredecoratingtheroom(which/that)aconferencewillbeheldin.—They'reredecoratingtheroominwhichaconferencewillbeheld.epF"<+ᐵ?"_¥p¦§ᕖ?Kᩭ☢`7FkᨵUª«¬CThisisthehouse.Iwasbornandbroughtupinthehouse.ᙠ`Q7RFthehouse_Z[ḄF
⛲Ḅ^_thehousePx☢`Uocᡂ
஺ᙠ⌕jcᡂ
ḄR,thehouse⊤ᱥ®¯_<inḄsFᡠᵨᐵ?whichᡈthatᩭg஺ᯠxPwhichᡈthatyᑮḄᨬ{☢FᐸnḄUc஺`"Fx☢`U^ᡂ"which/thatIwasbornandbroughtupin"஺mP`7
᦮7yᙠj⛲Ḅx☢,^ᡂ"Thisisthehousewhich/thatIwasbornandbroughtupin"஺
^ᡂ,8_▰Fᡠᵨ஺which/thatgḄ_KḄsFKcᡂ
Fn^
Ḅs஺ᐵ?ᙠ
s"ḕᶍFL*cᡂ"ThisisthehouseIwasbornandbroughtupin."°_Fin±ᑮᐵ?Ḅ{☢F²`"ᵨthat,®¯ḕᶍ஺ᡠ*c"ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasbornandbroughtup.”`^_“<+ᐵ?”Ḅᩭᔊ஺
*ᑖ▲ឋ
1▲ឋ
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PnḄᐜ▲ᙠᱯḄ9·ᑁF¹ᐜº▲Ḅᵨஹ_ᐜ»¼Ḅ⛲F½ᨵnF᦮7RḄ9:^¾¿ᑮÀÁஹ^᦮஺1▲ឋ


93¹ᐜº▲ḄᵨF_ᐜ»¼Ḅ⛲F¹ᐜº⊡ᐙ¡ÄḄᵨF½ᨵnF᦮7RḄ9:¾¿ᑮÀÁஹᯠ᦮஺1▲ឋ
ZYÅU7ᑖFÆÇ"È_PnYᑖᜐᳮḄ஺1▲ឋ
nḄᐜE⌕ᵨ⌹◞Ì;®▲ឋ
nḄᐜEᵨ⌹◞Ì஺1▲ឋ
◀ᵨthat᜜Fᐸnᐵ?ÏÐᵨFÐᵨ¬▲ឋ
U᪵஺᝞Thesupermarketwhichwasopenedtwomonthsagoisnowcloseddown.Q7ᨴ{ÌḄeÒÓÔᙠÕÖ᎔Ø஺#▲Thesupermarket,whichwasopenedtwomonthsago,isnowcloseddown.eÒÓÔᙠÕÖ᎔ØFeÒÓQ7ᨴ{ÌḄ஺#1▲Thebook
whichyou'rereadingismine.ÙÚᙠÛḄeÜ_ᡃḄ஺#▲Thebook,whichyou1rereading,ismine.eÜ_ᡃḄFÙÚᙠÛeÜ஺#1▲᝞ORḄÞßᓝᑖÄáFmi☢ḄCFvebeentoLondon,whichisabeautifulcityoᡃâ²ãᦦFe_7åæḄçÓ஺Yourfather,whomIrespectverymuch,isakindoldman.Ù᱄é_7êᗐḄὁᜮFᡃêîïð஺Nanjing,whereIlivedforfiveyears,isveryhotinsummer.

94ᓭòóᜩ1õöFᡃᙠe÷ø²ùú஺ᙠûYF
^_▲ឋḄ஺ücᡂ▲ឋ
Fᐸ9^ᡂ"ᡃâ²e7_ýåæḄçÓḄãᦦ஺Ùe7ᡃêîïḄ᱄é_7êᗐḄὁᜮ஺ᡃᙠe÷ø²ùúḄᓭòóᜩ1õö஺"þ᜜9_kᨵßḄãᦦஹ᱄éᓭò஺ÿ
ᡃᵨḄᨵ▲!ឋ!#$%஺'()Ḅ*+,-./0123◤⌕6ᐸ89▲!஺:᜜0▲!ឋ!#$%Ḅᐜ9=>᦮@%ᡠ⊤CḄ*+஺᝞:Hedidwellinthephysicsexam,whichsurprisedme.FᱥᳮὃJKL
MᡃKᔛO஺PQᙢ⍝ḄT#ᨵUV⌕ḄWXYZ[parallelwriting,andreversetranslation,ᓽ^9ᑏ`a⌮cd஺ᡠe^9ᑏ`f>ghT#Ḅ%ᑏijḄ%஺k⌮cdf>ᐜlT#dᡂn#ᡈ᪷qn#Ḅdᦻsln#cdᡂT#slT#dᦻtuᦻvwᑖ᪆z{஺
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fᡂ%஺s᝞:He'sveryparticularaboutwording,whichIamnot.FKᦻkᡃ஺Isaidnothing,whichmadeherangry.

95ᡃ
M᝛K஺Tomdidn,tgototheshow,whichwasapity.
K⍡஺¡*ᔜᐵ¤ḄᵨZ[1.ᢣ§Ḅᐵ¤[who,whom,whose,thatḄᵨZ[(1)`@#(who,that)Thosewhoaregoingtoplayinthematcharetomeetatthegateat1:30afterlunch.¨©ª«v¬Ḅ§ᓤ®¯130ᙠᜧ±²³ᔠ஺ᙠ,%µᐜ9>those;ᐵ¤wh஺¶·!#$%t¸¹ᐜ9ᙠ$%µº»¼aregoingtoplayḄ@#஺Themanwho/thatistalkingwithMr.Wangisafamousdoctor.½ᙠa¾ᐜḄ¨§>ᨵḄ¿஺ᙠ,%µᐜ9>theman;ᐵ¤who/that¶·!#$%t¸¹ᐜ9ᙠ$%µº»¼istalkingḄ@#஺
Àᔠ%=uᡂU%[Themanisafamousdoctor.HeistalkingwithMr.Wang.(2)`Á#ᒹÃ`ÄÁ#(whom,that)Å|ÆÇÈḄᐵ¤ḕᶍ;oThisisjusttheman(whom/that)Iwantforthejob.
½>ᡃ⌕ḄÌ
ÍÎ`Ḅ§஺ᙠ,%µᐜ9>theman;ᐵ¤whom/that¶·!#$%t¸¹ᐜ9ᙠ$%µº»¼wantḄÁ#஺

96Ishethemanager(whom/that)youarelookingfor?F>ÏᙠÐḄ¨Ñ/ᳮᔩÓ(3)Ôᐵ¤ÕÖÄ`ÄÁ#¸ᵨthat,ḕᶍ᝞:ThebookfromwhichIgotalotofusefulinformationwaswrittenbyafamousscientist.ᡃ$µJᑮØÙᨵᵨÚÛḄ¨,Ü>Ñ℉ÞQßᑏḄ஺Whoistheboywithwhomyouweretalkingamomentago.ÏàáaFḄ¨ᵱã>äÓIknowtheyoungcouplefromwhosehousethemusiciscoming.>ÔÄåᙠ$%æç¸`(ÄÁ#Ḅᐵ¤ᵨthatèḕᶍ஺᝞ᜮU%ᦋ([Thebook(that/which)Igotalotofinformationfromwaswrittenbyafamousscientist.Whoistheboy(that/whom)youweretalkingwithamomentago?2.ᢣᱥḄᐵ¤whichathatḄᵨZ[Q)`@#Thisistheinstructionmanualwhich/thattellsyouhowtooperatethecomputer.
>¨,ᦟÏ᝞ìí`îïðḄñòó஺(2)`Á#ᒹÃ`ÄÁ✂஺Å|ÆÇÈḄᐵ¤ḕᶍ[Thechair(which/that)youbrokeyesterdayisnowbeingrepaired.

97Ï᧤ᜩ÷øḄ¨l᫹úᙠ½ᙠûᳮ஺Thefilm(which/that)IsawlastnightwasaboutasoldierwhofoughtinWWII.ᡃ᧤ᜩüḄ¨ýᵯÿᐵᙠᡊᡭḄᐷḄ஺(ᨵ஺)ThisisthebikeforwhichIpaid$100.ᡃ100ᐗ!Ḅ"#$%&஺Thecar(which/that)hewentinwasablackCadillac.'ᙶᙠ)☢+Ḅ"#,&#-⁐Ḅᓱ012஺Theaccountsofthecompany,(which/that)I'vebeenpayinggreatattentionto,areinbalance.ᡃ34567Ḅ89:;<=ᢝ?⊝Ḅ஺S.whoseAofwhichᢣCDᡈFᱥ

984.ᐵbCcḄdefgᙠᐙiḄᡂᑖl஺ᱯn⌕67pᐭ,᝞:Peteristheonewhoeverybodybelieveswillfailtobringoffthecontract.Peter"DDOuv[wxᡂᔠzḄD஺(everybodybelievespᐭ)AttheelectionIvotedforthemanwhomIbelievedtobethemostsuitable.ᙠ⌱|Ḅ}᎛ᡃᢗᡃuvᨬᔠ〉Ḅ"DḄἠ஺5.ᐵbCcHḄ}<ḄcAᐜ%cḄDAᦪlTᑡTThesearetheoperatinginstructionsthat/whicharewritteninEnglishoᵨᦻᑏᡂḄᵨ஺Areyoustayingatthewhitehousewhich/thatisnewlycompletedandwhich/thathas15bedrooms,3kitchensand4toilets?ᙠ"ஹᨵ15ᓷஹ3XA4Ḅ⁐XY)ᔩ¡SofarasIknow,therearemanyVIPswhoaregoingtoattendthereception.ᡃᡠ¢ᨵ£¤¥¦§D¨©ª«¬஺6.4▲ឋ[ᵨthat,°ᵨwho(whose,whom)AwhichC⊤DAᱥLSTHerbrothers,bothofwhomworkinAmerica,ringherupeveryweeko

99᝛Ḅᐘ´µ??DOᙠ·H??¸¹ºO»᝛ᡭᵯ½஺Thebuses,mostofwhichwerealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd,"¾8ᐳ,&??ᜧ¤ÁÂᙶÃD??ÄÅ៬᝼ḄDÈḼ஺Thattowerblock,whichcostfivemilliondollarstobuild,hasbeenemptyforfiveyears."ᛞËÌḼÁÂ5Í஺Îg500Ïᐗ஺Cricket,whichIknowverylittleabout,isaverypopularsportinEngland,,Ðᳫdᐲ45Ó%ḄÔÕÖ<ᡃ×g¢ØÙÚ஺Theaccountsofthecompany,whichFvebeenpayinggreatattentionto,areinbalance.89Ḅ:;=ᢝ?⊝Ḅ஺ᡃ34567¾:;஺7.ᐵbÛcÜÝc+ᐵbCcßTᙠḄHᐵbÛcᐜ%cᵨ4àáᦻÔ<ᨵwhen
=at/on/in/}âc}ã}ᵨthatCKᐵbduringwhichÛcSTIshallneverforgetthedaywhen
=onwhichwefirstmet.ᡃäåæ[çèᡃµéêë☢Ḅ"ᜩ஺Theraincameatatimewhen(=atwhich)itwasnotneeded.

100íîï[}᎛஺Thisisthecomputerwhere(=by/onwhich)hehasstolentop-secretdocuments.'ᵨᩭñòóôᦻõḄö÷ø஺Hereistheplacewhere(=atwhich)themurdertookplace.ùᩔûḄᙢý஺Hedidn'tgiveanyreasonwhy(=forwhich)Ihadbeenfired.'þ»ÿ
ᡃḄᳮᵫThisisthehouseinwhich(=where)myparentsusedtolive.ᡃ᱄Ḅ஺⚗(1)ᙠᔠthatᨵ!ᵨᩭ$%ᐵ'()ᡈ+,-ᐵ'()Ḅ"/)+which",1234ᐰ6ḕᶍ᝞Inalltheyearsthat(=when/duringwhich)Iwasatcollageᙠᡃ:ᜧ<Ḅ=>?@thereasonthat(=why/forwhich)heisnothappyABCᐶḄᳮᵫThedirection(that)(=inwhich)theheavenlybodiesmovecan'tbechanged.ᜩFGHḄIᔣB!ᦋLḄ஺Heisunpopularbecausepeopledon,tliketheoffensiveway(that)(=inwhich)hetalks.

101ABNOPḄQRASTḄIUVWX஺
2ᵨᐵ'$)Yᵨᐵ'()ᐵ')Zᒹ\ᐵ'$)]ᐵ'()^<_`abacdḄᐵe஺ᵨᐵ'$)Yᵨᐵ'()f⌕hᐵ')ᙠcd,ijklᡂᑖ;p⌕hᐵ')ᡠ$⊤ḄVஹᱥஹuஹᙢwYQR;x⌕hᡠyzḄ▲bឋbacdY▲bឋbacd஺ᡠ}᪵ḄᐜH)ᨵB}Ḅᐵ')Rᐵ')ᙠcd,i,ḄjᵨB}1bḄ஺᝞:Thisistheroomwhere/inwhichwe'IIcelebratetheNewYear.ᡃ⌕ᙠ@☢?Ḅu஺Zᐙ,ᙢwa^Thisistheroom
that/whichwe'IIcelebratetheNewYearin.ᡃ⌕ᙠ@☢?Ḅu஺Zᐙ,/)a!ḕᶍ஺^Thisistheroomwhich/thatwillbeusedforthecelebrationoftheNewYear.=⌕ᵨᩭ?Ḅu஺Zᐙ,a^Thisistheroom
which/thatwe'IIusefortheNewYeardinnerparty.ᡃ⌕ᵨᩭH?Ḅu஺Zᐙ,a!ḕᶍ஺^Thereason
that/whichhehadgivenwasnotsoundenough.AḄᳮᵫBᐙᑖ஺Zᐙ,a!ḕᶍ^Thereasonwhy/forwhichhehaddonethatwasnotsoundenough.A=ḄᳮᵫBᐙᑖ஺Zᐙ,QRa^Thisisthehousewhereshelives.᝛Ḅ஺

102ூ:Thisisthehouse
that/whichshehasbought.᝛Ḅ஺Thisisthehousethat/whichI'vetoldyouisextremelyexpensive.ᡃ]S᩽ᐸ᧊¡Ḅ=¢஺௃ImethimintheyearwhenIwasfirstinXi'an.ᡃ¤ᑮ¦§Ḅ=?⍗ᑮ©A஺Thatisthereasonwhyhedidnotcomethatmorning.==ᜩªᓤA¬ᩭḄQR஺
3bacdiḄ᝱஺᝞®df¯ᩭᡈ°ᩭcdḄ±j²dḄ}³´=lµcd⌕ᵨf¯¶ᙠ⊤·f¯ᩭஹᵨf¯°⊤·°ᩭ஺¸:Anyonewho/thattouchesthewirewillgetanelectricshock.¹º᪷ᵯ½ḄVNᑮᵯ¾஺ZBᵨwilltouchIwouldgiveheranythingthatsheaskedfor.᝛⌕klᡃ᝛kl஺ZBᵨwouldaskThefirstpersonwho/thatopensthedoorwillgetashock.¿fÀÁḄVᔥfÃ஺ZBᵨwillopenTherewillbeaspecialpriceforanybodywhoordersasuitinthenexttwoweeks.¹VᙠÄÅᕜᑁbᝅÉÊËNÌÍÎÏ஺ZBᵨwillorderÐ᝞®cd]dḄ±jᙠᩭB}Ḅu³´ᑣÅ6ᑖÊ⌕ᵨᩭᩭ᝞Thosewhowillgoabroadfortrainingnextyearwillstartlearning

103Englishtomorrow.=>Ò?ÓÔNÕḄVᕒcÒᜩÀ×<_᜜a஺জᐜH)ᨵᨬCÛÜÝ)Þ⛲4ᵨthat,1Bᵨwhich:¸Edisonwasoneofthegreatestinventorsthateverlived.᰾á´â3ᨵḄᨬãᜧḄ³Òäåf஺ThisisthebestfilmthatFveeverseen.ᡃâ3hḄᨬæḄᵯç஺Shewasthegreatestwomanthat/whohaseverlived.᝛â3ᨵḄᨬãᜧḄ᝕V஺ঝᐜH)ᨵthesame,thevery,thefirst,thelast,all,no,theonly,much,little,none,any,everyê4ᵨthat,1Bᵨwhich:¸Hewasthefirstmanthatwesawinthevillage.Aᡃᙠ=᩟@hᑮḄ¿fV஺Thereislittlethatisinteresting.¬klìVíᐶî஺Istillrememberthefirsttimethatwemet.ᡃïᯠñòᡃ¿fóô☢Ḅ᎛஺FIIdoanything(that)Icantohelpyou.ᡃöfᑗ!øùú஺Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.øḄfᑗÊ©஺Godblessthisshipandallwhosailinher.

104ûªüýþÿ
ᡠᨵḄ஺AllthatIcansayisthankyouverymuch.ᡃḄᓟᡂ஺ঞ!ᐜ#$ᨵ%ᨵᱥ'(ᵨthat,*ᵨwhich,᝞:Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheworkersandtheirworkingconditionsthatwehadvisited.ᡃ-./0Ḅ123-Ḅ14ᩩ6ᶇ89:;ᓺ=஺Welistenedtohimtalkaboutthemenandbooksthatinterestedhimoᡃ->3?@3ᐶBḄᱥ
CD஺টᙠsame
suchGH(IJᵨasKL(᝞Let'sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcernus.Mᡃ-NO@Pᡃ-ᨵᐵḄR⚪஺Fveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.ᡃJᩭU>03VḄWXᦑZ஺IshallbesurprisedifhedoesthisinthesamewayasIdo.᝞[3\W6ZḄ]^
ᡃ᪵(`a᜻c9஺SheworksinthesameofficeasIdo.᝛
ᡃᙠefghi14஺Shewearsthesamekindofclothesashersisterdoes.᝛jklme᪵Ḅ⊟o஺He'swearingthesamedressasheworeatMary'swedding.

1053mḼP3ᙠMaryḄrstmḄ᪵Ḅ⊟o஺ThisisthesamewatchasIhavelost.Wᙽ⊤
ᡃwḄ`ᙽ᪵஺Fveneverseensuchkindofpeopleastheyare.ᡃJᩭUx0y3-W᪵Ḅ஺Fveneverseensuchkindpeopleastheyare.ᡃJᩭUx0=3-W᪵z⍝Ḅ஺Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend,s.ᡃ⌕6}ᡃ~᪵Ḅ஺Suchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinchina.ᡃ-ᵨḄWXᘤᑴ⌼Ḅ஺(᝞[J
Ḅ4ᙠᩭ*eḄ'(ᑣᑖ⌕ᵨᩭᩭ'(টᙠsame
suchGH(IJᵨasKL(Ꮤ,thesameH☢ᵨthat,᝞He'swearingthesamesuitthatheworeatMaryzswedding.3mḼP3ᙠMaryḄrstmḄ᪵Ḅ⊟o஺SheworksinthesameofficethatIdo.᝛
ᡃᙠefghi14஺ThisisthesamewatchthatIhavelost.Wᙽ⊤
ᡃwḄ`ᙽ᪵஺asKL▲IឋIJᓽᙠG¡(ᙠGH(ᵨᩭ¢

106⛲᦮f¥஺!asᙠJ4'(H☢¦8ᑡ¨஺᝞asisknown,asissaid,asisreportedasisannounced©஺ª᝞Asweallknow,Mr.Wangisagoodteacher.Asisknowntoall,theearthrevolvesroundthesun.Heistired,asyoucansee.AsIexpected,hedidn'tbelieveme.AsKL▲IឋIJ'PwhichḄ«¬!
J®',ᵨas;¯G,ᵨwhicho᝞:Hemadealongspeech,aswasexpected.Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn'tlikeatall.
3(᝞[J
Ḅ4ᙠᩭ*eḄ'(ᑣᑖ⌕ᵨᩭᩭ'(ঠᙠ"²#+ᐵ´µ#”Ḅ·᪀(ᵨ¹ᩖ²#(᝞bymeansofᵨ,»☠,asaresultof4½·[©:ªIhavethreechildren,onedaughterandtwosons,allofwhomgraduatedfromthesameuniversity.ᡃᨵ¾f¿¥f᝕ÁஹfÁ¥(3-ÃÄÅeᡠᜧÇ஺Thepolice,inwhomIhavegreatconfidence,aretryingtofindoutwhodidit.ᡃÈÉÊᨵ᩽ᜧḄÌÍ(3-ÎᙠÏÐÑÒÓ\ḄW6Z஺ThisisthepartoftheriverinwhichIliketoswim.

107(inwhich=where)ᡃÔÕᙠWᩩÖ×☢ØÙ(Wa(ᡃÔÕØḄ)`fᙢ]஺Themanfromwhomyouboughtthehouseismyuncle.J3`×Ý8Þ¥Ḅ`fᡃßß஺Thisisthedeskbymeansofwhichhejumpedoverthewall.Wa3ᵨᩭà0ᜋâḄ`ãä¥஺Shewasrunningafever,asaresultofwhichshefailedintheexam.᝛!'Îå(ᡠæὃèᜫê9஺Heisthemanfromwhosehousethepicturewasstolen.3a`fë×ḄìíᏕ9Ḅ஺ডfᐜ#H☢æ}fætḄIJ(WXð=ñòóᐵ´JªHerearesomewordswhichareoftenusedbutwhichareveryconfusing.W×ᨵôᵨõöḄ#஺HeistheonlypersonthatIcanfindwhoisabletosolvetheproblem.3ᡃÒᑮḄøùúWfR⚪Ḅ஺ஹ£ឋS9ᙠJ¹ᔠ(Jæᐙ!Ḅஹ⊤ஹýᡈeÿ஺ᵫᙠᦪஹ⊤ஹᡈᡂᑖᵫឋᐙᡠᡃ"#$%ᵨ'Ḅ)*+,ឋ)#ᐙஹ⊤ஹᡈḄ)ᑖ-+,)ஹ⊤)ஹ)ᡈ)஺.

108012ᐙ34ᡂᑖ0534)஺ឋ)ᵫ678ᡈᐵὶ;<=஺>ᵨḄ67ᨵ:67%ᵨAB67%ᵨ<=)ᙠ)whether1ᔲDE%FGᡂᑖthat8HIJK;ᙠ)Dᑖ-%ஹLMᙠ)Dᑖ-%ஹLMwho,whom,whoseᙠ)Dᑖ-%ஹLMwhichNOP◀RB67%ᵨ᜜Tᙠ)D%what34,ᡠ…ḄWwhen34X᎛where34ᙢ[how\᪵\4why,34ᶧ_
who,whom,whose,what,which,where,why,when,how`<=ஹL⊤)஺a"Ḅᱯc11ஹᶧ_ᨵHIḄK;2ஹᶧ_ᙠ)Deᡂᑖ᝞ஹᡈW;3ஹᶧ_<=Ḅ)Ogᵨ▰ijEkᵨᶧ_j஺Forexample:Doyouknowwhomtheyarelookingfor?lm⍝o"ᙠpqᔩ?8)▰ij஺Ek1whomaretheylookingfor?Idon'tknowwhodidit.ᡃEm⍝1quḄ஺8)஺ᙠ)D᝞

109vᶧ_%ᐸ▰ijLᶧ_jOx஺;SheaskedmewhereIhadbeen.᝛_ᡃᑮN{|R஺8)஺▰ijEk1wherehadIbeen.}7<~7<஺ḄX᝱஺;Canyoutellmewhenthetrainwillarrive?lkᡃ34X᎛ᑮᔩ?8)஺▰ij,Ek1whenwillthetrainarrive.}7<,~7<஺;Idon'tknowwhyhehasn'tcomeyet.ᡃEm⍝o,34Tᩭ஺8)▰ij஺Ek1whyhasn'thecomeyet.Hedidn'ttellmewhatyouweredoing.oLᡃ2lᙠu34஺8)▰ij஺Ek1whatwereyoudoing.Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtotherpeople.lᡠᦑḄt☘ᨵ`k-஺8)஺what%)Ḅ஺▰ijEk1whathaveyoudone.᝞vᵨᶧ_jRᓄᡂR"lR34?"஺;Idon'tknowwhereheisnow.ᡃEm⍝oᙠᙠN஺8)▰ij஺Ek1whereishenow.Wherehewentforhisweekendisnotknown.Em⍝o|NḄᕜ஺8)where%)ḄᙢcW஺▰ijEk1wheredidhegoforhisweekend.Whosefaultthisisisnotimportant.1qḄ┯E⌕஺8)whose%)ḄM஺▰ijEk1whosefaultisthis.WhatIwanttoknowiswherehehasgoneforhisweekend.ᡃm⍝Ḅ1oᑮN¡ᕜ|R஺8ᒹ£¤Pឋ)¥whatIwanttoknow

1101),whatᙠ)D%)ᵨ▰ijEk1WhatdoIwanttoknow.Wherehehasgoneforhisweekend1⊤)whereᙠ)D%W)ᵨ▰ijEk1wherehashegoneforhisweekend.)☢ᑖi)ஹ)ஹ)L⊤)஺A8S9l.that<=)XthatᨵK§Ekḕᶍ஺(that<=)X`ḕᶍ஺)Forexample:Itworriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggray.᝛Ḅᜮ¬ᙠ,®᝛¯E°஺that<=)it%±²,thatEkḕᶍ஺Thatsheisarichwomanisknowntousall.³ᡠᕜm᝛1P´ᨵḄ᝕஺1that<=)thatEkḕᶍ஺`ᦋ,ᵨit%±²Ḅ·஺¸¹"ᦋᑏ:Itisknowntousallthatsheisarichwoman.)Wedidn'tknow(that)youhadsoldyourhouse.ᡃ"Em⍝l»¼#lḄ½ᓬR஺1that<=),that`ḕᶍ஺ḄX᝱஺2.)%Xᦪᵫit%±²¿#)ÀᙠÁ☢Âᐸ1ÃÄᑖ(ᒹÆ)ÇÈḄ஺Forexample:Itwasn'tveryclearwhatshemeant.EÉÊ᝛134஺Itisimportantthatheshouldcomeontime.oᢥXᩭ1¯⌕Ḅ஺Itistruethatthatmanontheleftisawell-knownwriterhere.ÌÍÎP1HᙢḄO℉%Ð1ÑḄ஺ÒOPthat<=)1

111ᓫÔḄ6JKE%ᡂᑖ஺ÒÕPthat1ᢣ×Ø%ᡂᑖ,1manḄM஺3.whetherÙ`<=).`<=)§ifEk<=)஺whetherÁ☢`Úornot,¿ifEkÛornot6ᵨ஺%ÜXEᵨif.Forexample:WhetherIknewJohndoesn'tmatter.=Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherIknewJohn.ᡃ1ᔲÝÞßàᨵᐵá஺WhetherornotshezIIcomeisnztclear.=WhethershezIIcomeornotisn'tclear.=Itisn'tclearwhether....᝛1ᔲᩭTEÉÊ஺Italldependsonwhetherwecangettheircooperation.1)T1)?it1±²ᔩ?it1Øwhether<=Ḅ1),%ÜonḄEkᵨif<=஺¸âã஺äᐰæçᡃ"1ᔲkèᑮo"Ḅᔠ%஺IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.),Ü,Ekᵨif<=஺¸âã஺Sheaskedmewhether/ifyouweremarried.)Ù`ᵨwhether,ê`ᵨif<=஺X᝱Ḅëì஺¸âã஺Wehaven'tdecidedwhether/ifweshallgivethemaid.Fmnotsurewhether/ifthereportisbelievable.Nowletsdosometranslation:ᙠT¯í⚜ïqðñèOòó*⌱õ஺

112Itisstillhardtopredictwhowillwinthenextpresidentialelection.ëᦪö÷ᩭ2q⌱ó*Jᐵø⌕஺Whowillbecomethepresidentdoesn'tmattermuchtomostcitizens.ùó*1ᔲðúᑨᜐýᑛTᨵÿ
஺Itremainstobeseenwhethertheex-presidentwillbesentencedtodeath.ᦟᣴᡃḄ஺ItisapitythatProf.Wangcan'tattendourEnglishEvening.ᡃ◤⌕ḄḄ஺Whatweneedismoretime.BtS9ᙠ!"ஹ$"ஹ!"%&ஹᑖ"ஹ!(")*+,-ᨵ஺/012"᝞sure,happy,glad,certain,pleased4)*5,-ᨵ஺l.that67Ḅ8that9ᨵ:;ᙠ<ᡈ^?&ᦻABCḕᶍ8᝞8Ireallyfeelshe'smakingamistake.ᡃḄFGᑮ᝛?J┯L஺Jamessaid(that)hewasfeelingbetter.MNOPQGᑮR0S஺Hearingthathissonwasbadlywounded,hehurriedtothehospitaltoseehim.TPUVWSXYQញ[\ᑮ]▾_`aQ஺Isuggestedthatweshouldgohome.ᡃbcᡃde_஺fgh,

113thatklḕᶍ஺2.whether/ifmᔲo67Ḅ8᝞p⌕q"st…v…"Cᙠwhether*☢xornot;ifklyornotzᵨ஺᝞8Heaskedmeif/whetherIknewJohn.Q|ᡃᔲ}~஺Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.ᩭvᩭ,ᡃk஺3.ᙠthink,believe,suppose,expect4!"ḄBᔲ%ᵨᙠBthink4"ᔲ%1&஺Forexample:Idon'tthinkthefilmisinteresting.ᡃᵯ9:஺Idon'tsupposewearegoingoutingtomorrow.ᡃ}ᡃᜩ_஺4.᝞p*☢vᨵ⊡SᢝVḄ⊝ᵨit1&ᙠ஺C᪵Ḅ¢ᔠḄ!"ᨵ8make,find,see,hear,feel,think,consider,regard,take....forgranted4஺᝞8Georgemadeitclearthatheopposedthisproject.¤¥¦F⊤¨Q©ª«⚗஺it®⊤that67ḄVclear⊡¯஺Theykeptitquietthathewasdead.ªQ¦°±²Ḅ³´Qµ¶஺Itookitforgrantedthatyou'dstaywithus.ᡃ·¸ᯠ}ºᡃᕆᙠk¼஺C¥}S9

114½¾ª("Ḅᑁ2ÀÁᐹAஹÃÄḄP஺Cᙠ*☢Ž¾Ḅ("ᨵfact,news,idea,truth,hope,suggestion,question,problem,doubt,fear,belief4஺½¾CᵨḄÆ|7"that,ᨵ5ᵨwhen,where4ᶧ|"஺᝞8ThenewsthattheUnitedStateswashitbyterroristattackstookthewholeworldbysurprise.ÉÊWᑮអកÍ;ᑖVÎÏḄ³´ÐᐰÒÓᔛÕ஺Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.}!ᾯ×ØÙRÚÛḄ·ÜÝᐰ┯LḄ஺Peopleusedtoholdthebeliefthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.Þß}ᙢᳫâãḄBä஺Thedifficultyliesinthefactthatweareshortofmoney.åæᙠçᡃèéêë«ìí஺Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.QkîU5ï⍝Q_ñUS஺ò:8½¾Ḅtható67"9ᨵᐸQÜᵨᙠVBVᡂᑖḕᶍ;%BḄthat◀S67%᜜v%Ḅk«ᡂᑖᙠ%BÍᡈÍḕᶍ,ḕᶍ஺᝞8Theideathatsomepeoplesaresuperiortoothersissheernonsense.ᨵ0ùúûüçᐸQùúý·Üþÿ₠
஺஺Theideathatheproposedatthemeetingissheernonsense.ᙠ

115Ḅ₠
஺஺Nooneishappywiththefactthathefoundout.ᨵ!"#$Ḅ%&'ᑮ)ᐶ஺஺Nooneishappywiththefactthathewillbecometheirboss.ᨵ"+ᡂ-.Ḅὁ01%&'ᑮ)ᐶ஺஺D⊤S9⊤34Ḅ56789:;ᙠ<=>ᦻ@ABC8thatDEḕᶍ஺᝞IThafsnotwhatIwant.JKᡃ⌕Ḅ஺ThafswhyIhavecome.JNᡃ-OPᩭR஺Myopinionisthatthingswillimprove.ᡃḄST%UVWᩭḄ஺Oneadvantageofsolarenergyisthatitwillneverrunout.X□ZḄ1[\]^_K`a஺Thetruthisthathedidn'treallytry.&▭Ucᨵd=ef஺Theproblemiswhoistopayandwhenwecanstart.g⚪iᩭjkஹᡃ.mnopq஺Thefactisthathedidn'tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.%&rSᑮsotuXvR஺WhatsurprisedmewasthathespokeEnglishsowell.wᡃ'xUᔛzḄ{|}JPV஺AllIcansayisthatIhavenothingtodowithit.ᡃZ~ḄNᡃ%

116ᨵᐵ6஺WhatIwanttoknowiswhereweshallgoandwhethershewilljoinus.ᡃ⍝Ḅᡃ.⌕OPᙢE᝛ᔲᐭᡃ.஺⊤34Ḅ56789:;ᙠ<=>ᦻ@ABC8thatDEḕᶍ஺᝞IThefactisthathedidn'tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.%&rSᑮsotuXvR஺WhatsurprisedmewasthathespokeEnglishsowell.wᡃ'xUᔛzḄ{|}JPV஺AllIcansayisthatIhavenothingtodowithit.ᡃZ~ḄNᡃ%ᨵᐵ6஺WhatIwanttoknowiswhereweshallgoandwhethershewilljoinus.ᡃ⍝Ḅᡃ.⌕OPᙢE᝛ᔲᐭᡃ.஺᜜;⊤DᵫasifVBC஺᝞IItlookedasifitwas/weregoingtorain.Nowlet'sdosometranslation:N᝛᧤ᜩ1ᜩᎷḄ஺Thatiswhyshehadadayoffyesterday.ᡃḄ;!Ḅᩗᑭ}ᑮᐙᑖ஺Myideaisthatindividualrightsshouldbefullyrespected.g⚪ᙠ3ᔲdḄᙠ஺ThequestioniswhethertheGodreallyexists.

117ᡃ⍝Ḅ;᝞nᙠP¡Ḅo¢ᑁ¤ᡂ⚗¦Ḅ஺WhatIwanttoknowishowhemanagedtocompletetheprojectinsuchashorttime.§¨8:ḄthatthatBCḄ©8ឋDEᵨᙠ1¬§¨8:☢஺®¯1°±ᵨ!²4;ᡠᵨḄ§¨8±⊤´µ¶cᡈ'U⁐¹Ḅ§¨8;᝞certain,sure,positive,afraid,convinced,anxious,disappointed,worried,glad,happy,sorry,amazed,surprised,aware,doubtful,confidentºº஺᝞:Iamsure/certainthathe'sathomenow.ᡃ¼$ᙠᙠ½஺Hebecameangrythatyoumadethesamemistake.¾¿R᪵Ḅ┯Â;ÃR஺Heremainsconfidentthathewillwin.ÄᯠÆÇÈSheisawarethatIcan'thelpher.᝛⍝ᡃÉKR᝛ḄÊ஺Iamgladthatyou'vecome.¾ᩭRᡃË)ᐶ஺Heappeared/seemedsurprisedthatIsaid"no".ᡃ~K;ÌÍËᔛz஺IamafraidthatIcan'tpromiseyouanything.អ᝿ᡃKZᔣ¾ÑÒOP஺Wewereratherdisappointedthatyouwerenotabletocomeyesterday.᧤ᜩ¾Zᩭᡃ.ᨵ\ᜫÔ஺Iamabitworriedthatshewillnotbeabletomakeit.ᡃᨵ\ÕÖ᝛×KᡂØ%U஺

118whatḄÙÚ1.Sµ"ᡠ….Ḅ%/ᱥ”;áâ3thething(s)that...,thatwhich...,ᡈthosewhich...DEᵨ3EãUcI(1)BC4஺᝞IWhatshesawfrightenedher.᝛äᑮḄ%UᔥR᝛1æ஺Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.çuèé-KDZḄ%U;$ᙠtuêᡂR%&஺Whatfmafraidofistheirtakinghimtothatplace.ᡃ᝿Ḅ.ëᑮJᙢ஺Whatweareworryingaboutisjustherinnocence.ᡃ.ÕÖḄ᝛Ḅìí஺Butwhathurtourfeelingsmostwasthepersonalcommentofthejudge.ᨬïᡃ.'UḄðḄñãòó஺Whatwillbe,willbe.⌕#ÃḄ%ô⌕#ÃḄ஺(ö)Whatisgoneisgone.øḄ%NøR஺(2)BC⊤஺᝞IThat*swhatIhope.JNᡃùÔḄ஺Ishouldliketobeateacher.ThatswhatIwanttobe.ᡃâὁú,JᡃüḄ%஺Timesarenotwhattheyusedtobe.oýKR஺He'snotwhathewasafewyearsago.KþÿḄ஺Yourhealthisnotwhatitoughttobe.Ḅ஺বIᒹ஺᝞

119Hecouldnotexpresswhathefelt.⊤Ḅ஺Well,I'IIdowhatIcan.ᔳᡃ#$஺lean'tdowhatyouzvejustaskedofme.ᡃ%ᦑᑄ!J)⌕+ᡃḄ,஺Andhavinggotwhathewanted,hetookhishatandwentaway.-ᑮ⌕Ḅ/0123456஺Asafriendofyours,IwanttotellyouwhatIhear.78Ḅ9:,ᡃ<=>ᡃᡠ@ᑮḄ஺Thefatherbegantocriticizewhattheboyhaddone.᱄BCDᢇFᵱHᡠIḄ,஺JKLM᝱OShewasnothPpyatwhathehadsaid.᝛RSḄTUᐶ஺Donztpokeyournoseintowhatdoesn'tconcernyou.⌕WXY,஺Thecityisdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago.Z[:^^ᓝ`a஺Itwasasmallplacethencomparedtowhatitisnow.^bᙠdeᩭ,ghM᎛jklᙢn஺Thefatherbegantocriticizewhattheboyhaddone.᱄BCDᢇFᵱHᡠIḄ,஺JKLM᝱OShewasnothPpyatwhathehadsaid.᝛RSḄTUᐶ஺Donztpokeyournoseintowhatdoesn'tconcernyou.⌕WXY,஺Thecityisdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago.Z[:^^ᓝ`

120a஺Itwasasmallplacethencomparedtowhatitisnow.^bᙠdeᩭ,ghM᎛jklᙢn஺Idon'tcareaboutmoneyorwhatpeoplecallposition.ᡃᙠopqᡈὅtuᡠvḄᙢw஺Philipwasdepressedbywhathehadgonethrough.PhilipxᔊzḄ,{|}~஺Theypaidfiftypercentofwhattheywereabletoearntothestate.ᢳᩭḄ/0ᑖᓝ஺2.ᵨ7ᐭᢣ☢Ḅᡂᑖ஺Z^▲ឋ▲ឋᢣḄj☢Ḅᡂᑖ஺᝞ThenIdiscovered,whatwasnewstome,thathiswifewasMary'sniece.ᩭᡃb4ᩭjMaryḄ᝕ZRᡃjk஺Heneverjoinedintheusualsportsoftheboys,and,whatisremarkable,neverwentoutinaboatontheriver.ᩭ¡¢ᵱH4£¤IḄ¥¦§᜻©Ḅjᩭᙶ¬ᑮ®2☢஺He'saninterestingspeaker,and,whatismoreimportant,heknowshissubjectthoroughly.¯T°§ᨵ²³⌕ḄjR´⚪᝞ᢣ¶஺Hewenttothemeetingand,whatwasworse,insistedonspeaking.¡¢·¸¹º»¼Ḅj½ᢝ⌕¿஺Itisausefulbook,and,whatismore,notanexpensiveone.ZjÀ}ᨵᵨḄÁÂSÃÄ஺

121You'IIhavenobodybutyourselftoblame,and,what,smore,you1IIgetnosympathyfromanybody.©ḼtuÆ©ÇÈ;Êᨵ-ᑮËÌuḄa{஺Weinvitedanewspeakerand,what'smore,hewashappytocome.ᡃÍᑮÎwḄ¿u¹º}ÏLᩭ஺3.ÐÑÒÓÔÕ"X×Ø஺KLÓḄÙ஺᝞Dowhatshewould,shecouldnotinventareasonfornotgoing.X᝛·I×Ø᝛ÚÛ¬Ḅᳮᵫ஺ÓÞßà§áᙠ✌4᎔ä஺=Nomatterwhatshewoulddo,...Comewhatmay,you'IIalwayskeepitsecret.åæç᪵Ú⌕éêëì஺=Nomatterwhatmaycome,....Jackhasmadeuphismindthat,comewhatmight,hewouldstaythere.Jackíx1îLåæ᝞ÌÃ⌕ᕆᙠhð஺=...nomatterwhatmightcome,...Saywhathewill,inhisheartheknowsthatheiswrong.XçØSᑁòðó⍝ÇÈ┯஺=Nomatterwhathewillsay.ஹ¦§9÷Ḅøùî⌕ᨵúûÎjøùvJᒹîஹஹÓÔO;ýjøùv§஺¦§deᐸÿ
"It+is/was+Ḅᡂᑖ+that/who+ᐸ᝛ᡂᑖ"஺ItᨵᵨḄᑖ஺Ḅᵨwho
m/that,ᐸ!

122#$ᵨthato%᝞ItwasIwho/thatmetJackyesterday.ᡃ᧤ᜩ*ᑮ,Jack.-./ItwasJackthat/whomImetyesterday.ᡃ᧤ᜩ*ᑮḄJacko-0/ItwasyesterdaythatImetJack.᧤ᜩᡃ*ᑮ,Jack.-12/34
56789
:ImetJackyesterday.Itispeople,notthings,thataredecisive.;<Ḅ=>?ᱥ஺-./ItisbecausethebookisveryimportantformypresentjobthatIboughtit=83ABᡃCDḄEFᨵᵨᡃGH,I஺-7=2/ItwasinthesupermarketthatIgavethebooktohim.ᙠKLMNOPᔠ,!KA஺-ᙢS2/1..ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow,Johnᡭẚ,WX஺7
:Johnbrokethewindow.Itisthisoverpassthatwillbepulleddown.Z[ᣵḄ3]ᜩ᫑஺7
:Thisoverpasswillbepulleddown.Itisthepeoplewho/thatarereallypowerful._`ᨵabḄc஺

1237
:Thepeoplearereallypowerful.2.2Q)12஺%᝞Itwasatthatmomentthathechangedhismind.ᙠKde!ᦋg,.஺ItiseverydaythatProfessorSmithgoesswimming.hijᦟᣴᜩᜩmno஺ItwasnotuntilSaturdaythathebegantopreparefortheexamination,!pᑮqrsGtu8ὃwxᜓ஺z:3
5Ḅ7
HedidnotbegintopreparefortheexaminationuntilSaturday.gᡂ12z஻not஻{|Ḅgᓄ஺(2)ᙢS2஺%᝞ItwasinthelibrarythatImetJackyesterday.ᙠ~A✂ᡃ᧤ᜩ*ᑮ,Jack.7
:ImetJackinthelibraryyesterday.ItmighthavebeenonthebusthatIlostmypurse.ᙠᐳᡃᜫ,ᒹ஺7
mighthavelostmypurseonthebus.ᙢS2ᦋ8:ItwasonthebusthatImighthavelostmypurse.ItwasunderthetreethatIwassittingthen.ᡃ`ᙶᙠK᪛஺

1243.0஺%᝞ItwasTom'sbikethatsheborrowed,notmine.᝛ḄTomḄ?ᡃḄ஺Itishisdogthathe'ssold,nothiscar.!ᓬᣵḄ!Ḅ,?஺Itwasacatthatyourdogwasrunningafter.ḄḄ஺4.0⊡%᝞Itwaswonderfulthatweconsideredhisplan.ᡃ8!ḄᑜᝯḄ஺ItisLincolnthattheynamedtheaircraftcarrier.!¡K⁂£¤¥¦8᪍¨©஺Itwascaptainthattheteamchosehim.K]ª⌱!Ḅª¬஺ItwaswhitethatTomwaspaintingthefence.®`ᙠ¡¯°±ᡂ²⁐Ḅ஺3
5Ḅ7
Tomwaspaintingthefencewhite.´µḄ¶᪀ᨵcolorthesunred,colorthetreegreen,paintthewallpink¸,3O¹⁐0⊡஺ItisafineplayerthatwebelieveJane.ᡃº»Janed]¼⁐Ḅ⌱½஺ItistheBuckinghamPalacethattheBritishQueen'sofficebuildingiscalled.¾¿᝕ÁḄÂᜧÄŲÆÇÈ஺

125ItisCadillacthatthiscarisnamed.3É¥¦8ᓱËÌÍ஺()¦§eᵨ"ÎÏÐdo+ÏÐ7Ñ"ᩭÓÏÐ஺zÓÏÐᨵÔÕ᝱ᓽdØÙᙠÚdØÛm஺ᙠdØÙᙠÜdoᨵÅḄgᓄÝÞÅᓫᦪᵨdoes,dØÛmdogᡂdid.ᐸ!᝱ḄáÛâãÓÏÐᩭäÙ஺%᝞You'requitewrong?shedoeslikeyou.┯,,᝛_Ḅæç஺Docomein.èéᩭ஺ᵨ"ÎÏÐdo+ÏÐ7Ñ"ᩭÓÏÐ஺1.dØÙᙠÏÐÓ%᝞Iworkhard.—Idoworkhard.Shelovesyou.—Shedoesloveyou.Myfathersmokesalot.—Myfatherdoessmokealot.2.dØÛmÏÐÓ%᝞Icalledyouinthemorning.—(■Ididcallyouinthemorning.Iattendedthemeetingyesterday.—(■Ididattendthemeetingyesterday.Ihandedinthepaperyesterday.

126tIdidhandinthepaperyesterday.Hewrotealettertomeyesterday.dHedidwritealettertome.Hecametoseeyouyesterday.dHedidcometoseeyouyesterday.ᐸa⊤M¦§Ḅ/01.¡⌕Ḅᑖëᙠ
✌%᝞Thatfilm?whatdoyouthinkofit?Asleep,then,wereyou?2.ᵨíîᱯðḄÐᩭ⊤ò᝞really,certainly,definitely,very¸஺ᙠóÜsuchÚsoôõᵨö
஺᝞Thankyousomuch.Itwassuchalovelyparty.Ireallyenjoyedit.ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.ᡃ⌕÷Ḅ:3A஺ᓝஹ᎔©9¾
XḄødØù<Ḅ.ᙠDÓᙠú3û▰ýø஺ÓḄᐰᡈ
ᑖᡈ᝱ᙠḄ᎔஺᎔ᨵ᎔!᎔஺"#᪀%&'᎔Ḅ(᎔;*ᑮ,!-Ḅ%᎔Ḅ.(!᎔஺ᡃ012᎔Ḅ⌕-Ḅ456789:;᪵ឋḄ>?.@AᙠᑏCDEF

127ᵨ.IJ4ᡃ0128Ḅ⌕-Ḅ஺;KL1.NᶧP9ᱯRᶧP9⌕᎔S᝞ShallIopenthedoor?⌕ᡃUVᔩXAreyoucold?YZᔩXCanyoureadthispoeminGerman?Y[ᵨ\ᨽ^I✌`ᔩXWhichofthepicturesdoyoulikebest?YᨬbcdefXHowareyougettingalong?Y-gh᪵XWhenwilltherebelastingpeaceintheworld?ihj᎛lmno[ᨵᢝqḄrX2.Therebe9stE஺Therebe9s⊤*Ḅvw4",ᜐᨵ…஺I{9sḄᙠ|}☢."I4᎔஺S᝞Therearenotmanypeoplewhowanttoreadthisbook.IḄ;஺Thereoncelivedapackofwolvesinthiscave.ᙠI{஺Therehappenedtobeataxiparkedatthegate.VDḼ஺Thereisgoingtobeachangeinourarrangement.ᡃ0Ḅᐸὡᨵ{ᓄ஺

1283.tas⊤"ᯠஹ¢£"¤¥¦§¨©9j.9ª⌕᎔.as«t¬though,@®ᣚ஺᝞Smallas/thoughtheatomis,wecansmashit.¢£°ª±².ᡃ0@³´µ஺Tiredas/thoughhewas,hewentonworking.(=Althoughhewasverytired,hewentonworking.)ᯠ¶±·.¶¸4¹ḼºC஺Coldas/thoughitwas,wewentout.ᯠᜩ¼Z.ᡃ0¸4½¾஺Childas/thoughsheis,sheknowsagreatdeal.᝛ᯠ4{Àª.Á᝛Âñ;஺Teacherasheis,heknowslittleaboutteaching.¢£¶4{ὁÅ.ÁÂihᦟ1஺Pilotsasheclaimsheis,noonehaseverseenhimflyaplane.¢£¶Ç4{ÈÉᕒ.ÁËJÌͶÎÈÏ஺Ðv}Ñ94ᦪÓᓫᦪC⊤ÕÖ.2×nᵨØ஺4.ÙÚ¼ᩩÜ©9EḄifÝḕᶍj.⌕à©9EḄwere,hadᡈshouldáᑮ஺(ifḄḕᶍஹ᎔â▲¬©9Eᨵwere,hadᡈshouldIä{j஺)S᝞IfIhadbeeninyourplace,Iwouldn'thavegivenitupsoearly.=HadIbeeninyourplace,Iwouldn,thavegivenitupsoearly.᝞æᡃᙠYḄçè.ᡃéI᪵êë஺

129Ifheweretosucceed,thesunwouldrisefromthewest.=Werehetosucceed,thesun....᝞æ¶[ᡂí,ï□ñé©òóᩭ஺Ifyoushouldbeaskedaboutthis,saythatyouknownothing.=Shouldyoubeaskedaboutthis,say...…᝞æᨵPõYIÜö.Yñ÷YihJø⍝஺Weretherenoairorwater,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.᝞æÌᨵú¼û.ᙢᳫnñéᨵþÿ஺Hadyoubeenmorecareful,youmighthaveavoidedthemistake.᝞ᩭ┯Ḅ஺5.soᜮḄ⊤"᪵""᪵”Ḅ⌕᎔#஺Soᵨ%&'()*ᦻ,Ḅ-./ஹ1/ᡈ3/45ᢣ7☢ᡠ:Ḅ&';<〉ᵨ%ᐸ?@ᡈᱥ஺B᪀D"s஺+be
do,haveᐸ?G3/ᡈ;᝱3/I+JK"஺᝞LProductionisgoingup,soisthepeople*sstandardofliving.MNOPQR@SḄMTUV᪵஺Societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit.WXYZ,WX*Ḅ@YZ஺Coalisundertheground,andsoisoil.᯼ᙠᙢ_`,abD஺Hesawit,andsodidI.?cdZ,ᡃcdZ஺Theycanswimnow,andsocanwe.?SfᙠghiᡃSg஺Wemuststartforthework-sitenow.Somustyou.

130ᡃSj3klmᙢZSjlZ஺noL᝞pDq7Ḅᑁ.⊤soᑣO⌕᎔#஺᝞LItwashotyesterday.?Soitwas!᧤ᜩwx஺DḄ஺Heworksveryhard.?Sohedoes.?mywz{஺DḄ஺TomorrowwillbeMonday.?Soitwill.|ᜩ}~஺q஺`ᑡL1ᡃX:K஺ᡃX஺—IcanspeakEnglish.Socanmybrother.2?S*}~ᑮ⚢lZ஺ᡃSlZ஺—TheywenttotheSummerPalacelastSunday.Sodidwe.3?l஺ᡃl஺—HehasbeentotheGreatWall.SohaveI.4᝛ᦟK஺ᡃ஺—SheenjoysteachingEnglish.Sodoesmysister.5:?wz{q?wz{᪵஺—Yousayheworkshard.Sohedoes,andsodoyou.noLᙠso.....that.….B᪀,᝞soᙠ✌45ᵨ᎔#B᪀஺᝞LSoeasyisitthataboycanlearnit.ᥟ.᧕g஺(DLItissoeasythataboycanlearnit.)

131Sorapidlydidhespeakthatwecouldhardlyunderstandhimclearly.?:wᡃS¡¢O£¤஺¥DHespokesorapidlythatwecouldhardlyunderstandhimclearly.6.neither¦norᜮḄ⊤"…O"¨᎔#஺Neither¦noro©ªs,«ᣚ஺Neither,norᵨ%ᔲ'45ᢣ7☢ᡠ:Ḅᔲ';<〉ᵨ%ᐸ?@ᡈᱥ஺B᪀DLNeither
nor+be
do,have,ᐸ?G3/ᡈ;᝱3/I+JK஺᝞LIwon'tdosuchathing.Nor/Neitherwillanyoneelse.ᡃOX®᪵Ḅ¯@OX஺Thefirstonewasn*tgoodandneitherwasthesecond.°O±°²O±஺Iwon'tgothere.Neitherwillshe.ᡃ³Ol´µ஺᝛Ol஺¶·L1ᡃO¸⍝?º»¼஺᝛O¸⍝஺Idon'tknowwherehelives.Neitherdoesshe.2ᡃO¸⍝½Ḅ¾¯஺¿?SO¸⍝஺Idon'tknowthedifferencebetweenthesetwosentences.Nordothey.3ᡃ᧤ᜩÀ*Áᨵᑏyᦻ஺ÄÅÁᑏ஺Ididn'twritemycompositionyesterdayevening.NeitherdidWeiFang.4MSOᙠᦟƵ஺ὁÈOᙠ஺Thestudentswerenotintheclassroom.Norwastheteacher.

1327.here,there,now,thenÉÊ/ᜮḄ,஺·Ë*ᵨÌfᙠ¨¥◀thenᜮḄᵨl¨I஺᝞LTherecomesthebus!ÎÏᩭZ஺Theregoesthebell.ÐÑZ஺Nowcomesyourturn,iÒÓᑮZ஺Thencameanewdifficulty.ÔḼᩭZÖ×⚪஺Thenfollowedthreedaysofheavyrain.ÙᩭÚḼ`ZÛᜩᜧÝ஺Upwenttheplane.ÞßᩭZÞà஺Ourrushedacatfromunderthebed.áâ_`ãäpå஺Hereisaletterforyou.¼ᨵæç஺noLᙠèé,,᝞JKD(/¨êO᎔#஺᝞LHereyouare.ë஺Therehecomes.?ᩭZ஺Hereitis.êD஺8.ᙠ⊤ìíḄ,஺᝞LMayyouhaveapleasanttrip.ìî⌶៝஺!J1.ᙠnever,hardly,scarcely,rarely,barely,seldom,notonly,notuntil,norzlittle,nowhere,hardly....when,nosooner....than,bynomeans,underno

133circumstancesÉᜮḄ,Jñ⌕᎔#஺òD⊤ᔲ'ᡈóᔲ'oôḄ/ᡈ/õ஺᝞LNeverhaveIcomeacrosssuchadifficultproblem.ᡃöáÁᨵ⍗ᑮ᪵ø×Ḅù⚪஺SeldomdoIreadsuchmagazines.ᡃwúûèᩖý஺Nosoonerhadtheyleftthanthebusarrived.?Sþÿ
ᐳᩭ஺NeverbeforehaveImethim.ᡃ஺HardlydidIthinkitpossible.ᡃ஺Notonlyshouldwenotbeafraidofdifficulties,butweshouldtryourbesttoovercomethem.ᡃ᝿⌕"ᨬᜧ%&'(஺Notuntilmidnightdiditstopraining.)ᑮ+,-./஺0123456Itdidnotstopraininguntilmidnight.78not:;Ḅ=ᓄ?Veryseldomdoyoufindthattwoclocksorwatchesexactlyagree.@ABCDEᡈ⊤ḄHIJᐰL᪵஺Bynomeanswillthismethodproducesatisfactoryresults.NOPQRSTUVW8ḄXY஺Z[\]0^ᵨ᎔aX᪀?61ᡃᩭcᨵefLgᨵ8hḄi஺NeverhaveIreadsuchaninterestingbook.

1342᝛Lklm⍝RoTpfq஺Littledoessheknowwhatmayhappen.3ᡃr)st5uḄ஺HardlycouldIbelieveit
tobetrue.4ᡃvᑮwxyᜧ-ᩭ஺NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorainheavily.5ᨬzᡃA{ᑮ᝛஺SeldomhaveImetherrecently.6᰾}~ᚆ5Ḅw5LDs┯Ḅᴊw஺NotonlywasEinsteinaworldfamousscientist,butalsoafairlygoodviolinist.7)ᑮᡊX.w஺Notuntilafterthewardidhereturnhome.0123456Hedidnotreturnhomeuntilafterthewar.8ᙠxᡃV8Ḅq஺Undernocircumstancesshouldwedoanythingagainstthewillofthepeople.2.ᙠ஻only+3"ᜮḄ¡¢£¤¥⌕᎔a஺¦஺nly§☢©ª«ᨵ¬⛲Ḅ3ᡈ3¡5ᐵ°஺ᔲᑣ᎔a஺³᝞6Onlyafterthewarwasoverwasmanabletorealizethewickednessoftheatomicbomb.

135µ5ᙠᡊX§V¶.8·ᑮ¸¢¹Ḅូ஺(786only¼½Ḅ3¡᎔a¤¡᎔a஺)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofEnglish.µᙠ¿Hᡃ.8·ᑮÀ3ḄÁ⌕ឋ஺Onlyinthiswaycanweimproveourselves.µᨵᵨNOPᡃ.ÃÄÅÆ஺Onlyafteryoufinishitcanyouleave.µᨵX¬§@.Ç஺(¤¡᎔a)786Only᝞ᙠ¡✌ᡈonly⛲Ḅ53ᑣ᎔a஺᝞6Thecontractwassignedonlyafterbitternegotiations.µᨵᙠ⁎ÊḄËᑨ§ᔠÎ.ÏÐÑ஺(ᦋᡂÔÕIa6Onlyafterbitternegotiationswasthecontractsigned.)Onlytheseniorstaffareallowedtousethisroom.µÖ×ØḄÙᕒ^ᵨDÛI஺Onlyfivepassengerssurvivedtheaccident.qᦑ£µᨵÝ:ÞßTàxᩭ஺3.ᵨá⊤âᜐᡠஹæçè8éḄêëᜮḄ¡¢஺ᵨ⊤âìíḄîᱥíë(᝞go,come,rush,flyè)ð¥3Hñ⊤âTíòóôêëõᙠ¡✌¥3íëõᙠ¤3ö÷ᡂ᎔aX᪀஺³᝞6Awayflewthebirds.øùúû஺

136Outwentthechildren.ü¢ýþ஺Downcametherain.xyᜧ-ᩭ஺Bangwentthefirecracker.ᰦẖḄ஺Thedoorburstopenandinrushedastranger.ᯠᩭ஺4.ᵨ᎔ᩭᜮ!"#⊝஺%&⌕()*&+,-ᡈ/0⊤+ᡈ2+஺3᝞5AtthecenterofthebigroomoverthereisatablethatismadeofwoodwhichisimportedfromBrazilofSouthAmerica.ᙠ787ᜧ:Ḅ;<ᨵ>ᵨ?ᓭABḄCDEḄᩈᜮGᡂḄI஺JKL+M:AtablethatismadeofwoodwhichisimportedfromBrazilofSouthAmericaisatthecenterofthebigroomoverthere.%O&+PQ+R◞T-U#⊝஺VStillwiderwillbetheuseofradar,whichplaysaveryimportantroleinournationaldefense.WXᙠᡃZḄ[■]^;_ḼaL⌕ḄbᵨcḄᵨᜐefghi஺JKL+M:Theuseofradar;whichplaysaveryimportantroleinournationaldefense,willbestillwider.&+PQ+R◞T-U#⊝஺VWritteninEnglishontheblackboardwerethesewords:,fMerryChristmas!”ᙠjklᵨm+ᑏḼ%opq5"ᙛtuv!஻Presentatthemeetingweretheschoolheadmaster,theEnglishteacher,

137andthestudents,parents.z{f|Ḅᨵ᪥-ஹm+ᦟPZḄ-஺Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.qᛞ☢([PZḄᜅPᜅḄ-⍝஺5.ᐸᵨ᎔ᵨᙠ/0⊤+P+Ḅ;஺⊤+P+ᑮ&+஺᝞5SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanofgreatachievements.᰿)ᚆ(%᪵"ᜧᡂḄᓫḄ஺Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.%(¡ᡃ¢Ḅᦑ]஺Happyishewhodevoteshimselftothecauseofcommunism.ᓝஹItᵨitᙠm+;Ḅ¤¥¦§ᵨ¦h¨©ª᝞«஺()iti9kḄª«8Litᢣ☢®ᑮ,Ḅᡈ]ᱥᨵ°ᢣ±²;Ḅᡈᡂ*³⚪Ḅᡈ]ᱥbµK&+஺3᝞5What'sthis?-Itisasheep?%(¶o??%(¸¹º஺Whoisit?-It'sme(I).»??(ᡃ஺It*sthewindshakingthewindow.(¼½"¾ᡝ஺2.itᢣ°RஹÀ⁚஺ÂᵨᙠÃÄÅÆḄ&+஺3᝞5Whattimeisit?-Ifsnine.pÇ??ÈÇ஺

138It'stimeforthemeeting.Let'sgo.fḄ°RᑮᡃZÉᔳ஺Whatdayistoday?-It/sSaturday.ËᜩÍÎp??ËᜩÍÎÏ஺Whafsthedatetoday?-ItisOctober1st.Ëᜩ(pÐÑÑËᜩ(ᓝᨴÔ஺Whatseasonisit?-Itissummer.¨ᙠ(¶oÀ⁚??(ÕÀ஺3.itᢣÖ᎛஺TSbÃÄÅÆḄ&+஺3᝞5Isitcoldinthisroom?-No,itisn't.ØÙᔩ??UÙ஺What'stheweatherliketoday?-Itisfine.ËᜩᜩÖÛo᪵??(ᨒᜩ஺Itoftenrainsinsummeranditoftensnowsinwinterinthiscity.%ÝÞÕᜩ®L«ßàᜩ®L«á஺4.itᢣâãஹäåæ஺ÂᵨbÃÄÅÆḄ&+஺3᝞5Itisfivekilometersfrommyhometotheschool.?ᡃᑮ᪥ᨵçè஺Itisverynearfromthisfactorytothatone.?%éᔆᑮ7éᔆaLë஺Itisalongwaytothesea.ãìíî஺Isitwellwithyou?ïðñòᔩÑitif08ÅÆUóôஹÅõÆö+_ஹ?ᙠ;_&+bᵨ÷%øᑖᵨƦ§°ú

139ᵨitb*ûô&+üᙠ✌þ⊤ᐸᡠḄḄஹḄḄᙠ☢஺l.It++஺ItḄ஺᝞Itisdifficulttoclimbamountain.!⁎#Ḅ஺Ifsagoodhabittodomorningexercises.$%&'()஺Ifsimportanttodopropermemoryworkinthestudyofaforeignlanguage.ᙠ*(᜜,〉.ᙢ012ᨵ4567Ḅ8(!9⌕Ḅ஺Itisrighttodoso.;᪵0=Ḅ஺2.1t++>?஺It>?Ḅ஺᝞Itisdangerousplayingwithfire.@Aᓻ◅Ḅ஺Itisnouselearningwithoutthinking.*DEUF஺Ifsuselessarguingwithasillyboy.GHIJKLMᨵᵨḄ஺3.1t++>ឋPQ஺ItRthatSTḄ>ឋPQḄ஺᝞Itisapitythatyoudidn'tseesuchagoodfilm.UMV;W'ḄᵯYZ[஺Itiscertainthatweshallsucceed.ᡃ]1^ᡂ`஺Itisstrangethatnobodyknowswherehelives.᜻bcde⍝ghᙠij஺(Itisstrangethat...☢Zᵨklm஺

140᝞:Itisstrangethatheshouldhavemadesuchamistake.gpᯠrs;᪵1&┯u᜻b஺Itisstrangethatnobodyshouldknowwherehelives.pᯠMᨵve⍝ghᙠij᜻b஺wItissaidthattheplanewilltakeoffattentomorrowmorning.xyz{ᜩᓤᓝy஺=
itif0tit⊤ᐸᡠḄḄ஺ḄRthatSTḄ>ឋPQᡈ?஺᝞IconsideritwrongthatyouChinesestudentslearnEnglishwithoutcomparingitwithyourownlanguage.ᡃU]**(GU]Ḅ=Ḅ஺Ifinditnotsodifficulttolearnaforeignlanguage.ᡃ*(1᜜W#஺IrememberImadeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming.ᡃ6ᔣU{⊤ᡃᩭ஺Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheyaredoinganimportantandnecessaryjob.g]⌕ᔣ⊤{g]ᙠ0T9⌕¡¢⌕Ḅ£஺5itᵨE¦§{᪀ᙠ⊤¤¥Ḅ¦᪀itZᵨᐜ©;ª¦᪀ḄQ«᝞¬It+is/was+¤¥Ḅ®ᑖ+that+ᐸg®ᑖ஺᝞°¤¥Ḅ®ᑖv,Zᵨwho,whom²that.

141᝞ProfessorWangteachesusEnglisheveryMondayafternoon.³ᦟᣴ¶·¸1¬ᓤᦟᡃ]஺¤¥ItisProfessorWangwhoteachesusEnglisheveryMondayafternoon.¤¥¹ºItisuswhomProf.WangteachesEnglisheveryMondayafternoon.¤¥»ºItisEnglishthatProf.WangteachesuseveryMondayafternoon.¤¥¼ItiseveryMondayafternoonthatProf.WangteachesusEnglish.ItwasherethatIfirstmethim.;½ᡃ¾¿ÀgÁ☢ḄᙢÂ஺䥼wItisthepeoplewhoarerealypowerful.ÄÅ8(1ÆÇsÈ஺Itistimeforclass.Hurryup.2P;ÉᑮU]*᪥Ìᔩ??ÌᜧÐ1j஺Isitfarfromheretoyourschool??Noitisnzt.It'saboutakilometer.z3PᡃÑᑮ⚢GÓÔ!Õ஺ItisverynearfrommyhometotheSummerPalace.4Öwᙠ¬×஺It'srainingnow.5ᵯØ᰿Ú{Ḅ஺ItwasEdisonwhoinventedtheelectriclight.

1426ᡃ*(1᜜!9⌕Ḅ஺Ithinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.7gÛÜ1ᜩÝÞ¿஺HemadeitaruletoreadEnglishtwiceaday.8PᡃÑÔᜩßàáᙶᐳäåᜧÐ⌕1&æ,஺IttakesaboutanhourtogofrommyhometotheTian,anmenSquarebybus.çèᶧêQçèᶧêQë.5“==?”"''?”"©©?"ᵨyesᡈnoïð஺ᵫÞ®ᑖòᡂó1®ᑖ▰õQ1®ᑖ▬÷ᶧê?¹ᵨ⌹ù◞ûᡠRçèᶧêQ¡ü▬÷ᶧêQ஺ÛÜḄýḄ▰õQ+ᔲḄ▬÷ᶧêᡈᔲḄ▰õQ+ýḄ▬÷ᶧê஺᝞HestudiesEnglish,doesn'the?Hedoesn,tstudyEnglish,doeshe?TheyarefromAmerica,aren,tthey?TheyarenotfromAmerica,arethey?çèᶧêQḄ⌕1.᝞
beᡈᐸ᝞can,shall,willᐸᶧᵨ஺᝞Wearelate,aren'twe?Youhaven'tmetmywife,haveyou?Hecandriveacar,can'the?

143Theyusedtohavedifficultyinjustmakingendsmeet,didn't(usedn7t)they?You'dbettereatwithknivesandforks,hadn'tyou?2.᝞
ᨵseldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,littleᔲᡈᔲ!"#$ᐹᨵᔲ&▬(ᶧ)ᑖḄᵨ,-᝞Weseldomgotothecinema,dowe?Suealmostneverworked,didshe?3.᝞
)ᑖam…஻/᪀ᵫ2஻amnot”3ᨵ45Ḅ6ᶍ8-▬(ᶧ)ᑖ9ᵨaren'tl:;஺᝞Iamyourfriend,aren'11?Fmlate,aren’11?Iamastudent,aren'11?ᙠἌ>?Ḅ▬(ᶧ)ᑖ9ᵨw@you,won'tyou.4.ᙠἌ>?Ḅ▬(ᶧ)ᑖ9ᵨwillyou,won'tyou.᝞Sitdown,willyou?Havesometea,won'tyou?Openthewindow,won'tyou?ABCDEᳮG":Willyoudosomething?᝞:Willyouopenthewindow?IᔲḄἌ>JKLMᵨwill.

144᝞Don'tforget,willyou?Don'tmakesomuchnoise,willyou?5.ELet"s...NᜮḄἌ>,Ḅᵨshallwe?ᔲḄᵨallright?ᡈOK?,᝞Let'sgobacktoourseats,shallwe?Let'snothavehotfoodthistime,OK?
allright?ABCDEᳮG"Shallwe
dosomething?,᝞:Shallwegobacktoourseats.A᪵ᨵ2ᳮGQRS஺ILet'sTLetusḄUVLet'sᒹXYZ[ᙠᑁ5ᵨshallwe,]Letus^ᒹXYZ[ᙠᑁ⊤`"bcdᡃf…"⌕ᵨw@you.᝞Let,swatchthenewsonTV,shallwe?⊤`ijLetuswatchthenewsonTV,w@you?k`bl6.Isuppose,Ithink,Ibelieve▬(ᶧ)ᑖᑣnnTthato?ḄQpqᢝs5ᐵuv⌕IᔲḄwx஺᝞Isupposethatyouknowthemeaningoftheword,don'tyou?AZyz⌕"c^{⍝?"]^"ᡃ^A᪵~"?”Idon'tthinkthatyouhavereadthebook,haveyou?7.Ḅhave⊤`"ᨵ",▬(ᶧDᵨhave,Dᵨdo,᝞YouhaveacolorTVset,haven'tyou/don'tyou?

145Ḅhave^⊤`"ᨵ"]⊤`ᐸ▬(ᶧ⌕ᵨdo,᝞Youhadacoldyesterday,didn'tyou?Theydon'thavecoffeewithbreakfast,dothey?8.TherebeḄᶧᵨthere஺᝞Thereissomethingwrong,isn'tthere?Therewon,tbeanytrouble,willthere?^ᨵ,ᔩ9.▰)ᑖḄeveryone,someone,anyone,noone,nobody^:,ᐸᶧ)ᑖḄDᵨhe,Dᵨthey.᝞Everyoneknowsit,doesn,the/don'tthey?ᶧḄᨵQḄ4஺v⌕RL⌕,Ḅᵨyes,L⌕ᔲḄᵨnoAᙠᔲḄ᎛⌕ᱯVI஺᝞oMr.Jonescan*tspeakFrench,canhe??No,hecan't.ᐜ^sᔩ??s^஺Mr.Jonescan'tspeakFrench,canhe??Yes,hecan.ᐜ^sᔩ??^஺Thisisnotadoor,isit?-Yes,itis.Itisanirondoor.A^¡sᔩ??^A¡஺ᡧ£¡஺ᓝஹ¤¥?Ḅ¦§⌕¨ᡂ)ᑖªf¤¥ḄCQ«¬>ᦻ®¯ᵹ±

146ᯠ>CTCJ³«¬T«¬J³Ḅᐵu´µᯠ஺?¶Ḅ·¸Tº^»¡¼½¤¥஺␺2?¶¿ᙠ5ᵨÀᐸᑏḄ᎛ÂÂä¥┯Å᝞^ᵨ¤¥ஹᙠ>ᵨ¤¥┯ᵨ᪗ÈÉᡃfᨵÊ⌕»¡¤¥஺?¤¥ᑖ"Ëᜧͤឋ¤¥ᓽ¤QÐឋ¤¥஺¤¤ᵨᩭ¤¥TஹÒTÒᡈCTC஺¤^MᓫÔCᡂᑖ3ᨵ8Õᓄ஺¤ᑖ"×ᑡ¤QoÙ¤ËB஺¬ᑡ×ᑡ¤ᵨᩭ¤¥C?Ú4ᡂᑖḄஹÒᡈᑖ஺ÂÛḄᨵܦᓫQݦÒand,but,or,for!"nor,so,yet;both...and...,notonly....butalso....,either...or....,neither...nor...l.andᵨᩭ¤¥ஹÒᡈᑖ⊤`×ᑡᡈsÞᐵuThemanputonhiscoatandhat,andwentoutoftheoffice.ߦ[à¸᜛â⊟ஹᡚ¸åCæçµèéê஺Acarandadictionaryarebothuseful.ëìQíᐺᨵᵨᜐ஺IwenthomeandJohnstayedthere.ᡃðµ,]ñòᕆᙠßô஺2.but¤¥Ë¦õ&^ö÷4ḄஹÒᡈᑖ⊤`wᢚNoteverybodyishonestandhardworking,butTomis.×ùú¦[ûü,ývþÿḄ஺Wetriedtopersuadehertodoitbutfailed.ᡃ᝛ᨵᡂ஺3.or⊤ὅᐸ⊤⌱WhichVCDplayerisbetter,thisoneorthatone?VCD!"#

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