辽宁省营口市2021届高三上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析

《辽宁省营口市2021届高三上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

营口市普通高中2020—2021学年度高三年级上学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷试卷说明:试卷分为试题卷和答题卷，试题卷中第Ⅰ卷为选择题，答案选项填在答题卷选择题答题表中，用答题卡的学校涂在答题卡相应题号上；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，答案一律答在答题卷相应位置上。第Ⅰ卷第一部分:听力(略)第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AOilPaintingworkshopMarch23,2021Forages15andup.Beginnerswelcome!Experiencenotrequired.RegistrationDeadline—March9,2021●ClassSchedule9:30-10:00WelcomeandRegistration10:00-12:00PaintingSession12:00-1:00Lunch1:00-3:00PaintingSession3:00EvaluationandDeparture●AbouttheInstructorJudyMoore-Gist,AlexanderCertifiedInstructorandCertifiedRossInstructor,ismakinggreateffortstogivepeopleofallagestheopportunitytoexperienceWilliamAlexander'sTheMagicofOilPaintingandBobRoss'sTheJoyofPainting.Both,WilliamAlexanderandBobRoss,PBSTVhosts,haveinspiredthousandsoffirst-timepainters.Showingthe"wet-on-wet"techniqueencouragedpeopleofallagestopickupabrushandputtheirdreamsoncanvas(画布).Judywilldothesame,andyouarewelcometotakeaclassandseeforyourself.Attheendofjustonesessionyouwillbeamazedatthebeautifulpaintingthatyoucreateinjustafewhours.Youwillbecomemoreawareofbeautifulcloudshapesandcolorsyouignoredbefore.Thereisnothingmoreinspiringthanseeingabeautifulscenerythatyoupaintandotherswilltreasureforever.

1FormoreinformationaboutJudyMoore-Gist,clickhere.Cost:$75.00/apersonPricesincludeallinstructorfees,materials,andlunch.Ifyouwishtopaybycheck,pleaseprinttheOilPaintAug.pdfprintableregistrationformandmailitinwithpaymentto:HolidayLake4HEducationalCenter,12674-HCampRoad,Appomattox,VA24522.Refund(退款)Policy:FullRefund:March9,2021Nonrefundable:afterMarch9,2021FormoreinformationcontactHeatherBenninghoveat434-248-5444orheathern@vt.edu.1.Whatshouldpeopledotoattendtheclass?A.Provideapieceofpainting.B.PayforitbeforeMarch9,2021.C.Learnsomethingabouttheinstructor.D.RegisterforitnolaterthanMarch9,2021.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theclassisintendedforpeopleofallages.B.YoucangetafullrefundbeforeMarch23,2021.C.Moreinformationabouttheinstructorisavailableonline.D.Paintingexperienceisneededforpeopletoattendtheclass.3.Wherewouldyoubemostlikelytofindthetext?A.Inanewspaper.B.OntheInternet.C.Onanoticeboard.D.Inacompanybrochure.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。该广告是为名叫“OilPaintingWorkshop”的课程做宣传。广告中介绍了上课的时间，老师信息，收费情况等内容。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据“RegistrationDeadline—March9,2021”可知，登记的最后期限为2021年3月9号。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据“Instructor”中的“Forages15andup.”可知，参加课程的人的年龄是15岁及以上的人。所以选项A错误；根据“Refund(退款)Policy:”中“FullRefund:March9,2021”可知，全款退费是在2021年3月9日，所以选项B错误；根据“Instructor”中的“FormoreinformationaboutJudyMoore-Gist,clickhere.”可知，要获得更多关于JudyMoore-Gist，可以点击这儿。可以推知，网上有更多关于导师JudyMoore-Gist的信息。所以选项C正确；根据开头部分中“Beginnerswelcome!Experiencenotrequired.”可知，初学者也是可以的。选项D错误。故选C。

23.推理判断题。根据FormoreinformationaboutJudyMoore-Gist,clickhere.更多关于JudyMoore-Gist的信息，点击这里。根据句中的click意为“点击”，由此可知，这篇文章可能出现在网上。故选B。BIworkatagrocerystoreinMontreal'sPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalotofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublicplacestostopthespreadofthepandemic(流行病)ofcoronavirus.ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.Itwasnuts.Ididn'thavetimetoeatlunch,andwheneveroneofusoncashhadtousethebathroom,we'dhavetobringinacoworkerofthefloortocoverforus.Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.Customersaremostlyconsiderate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundtomakesurethatpersonsneezedintotheirelbow.I'veevenseencustomerscomeinwearingsomestrangeget-ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbagwrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.Alotofmycoworkershavelefttoavoidapublic-facingjobduringthepandemic.grocerystoreworkersacrossCanadaareputtingtheirhealthatriskeverytimetheycomeintowork,butalotofusarestillmakingclosetominimumwage.IrealizethatIfeelmoreexhaustedthannormaleventhoughI'mworkingthesamehours.Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.I'veoverheardpeopletalkingonthephonewhosoundedasthoughtheywereorganizinggrocerydeliveriesforthosestuckathome.Andthispastweekendaveryniceladythankedusforcontinuingtowork.Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshavingthesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Insteadtellusafunnyanecdote,oraboutsomethingnice.We’llappreciatethedistraction,andyou’llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowby"Itwasnuts."inParagraph2?A.Thegoodswereinshortsupply.B.Thestorewashavingabigsale.C.Thecashierscomplainedabouttheirwork.D.Thelocalsrushedtodoshoppinglikecrazy.5.WhatdoesParagraph3conveyaboutcustomers?A.Theyprefertoshophereincostume.B.Theyarepanickyaboutthedisease.C.Theyaremorefriendlytoeachother.D.Theyallprotectthemselvesproperly.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A.Aggressive.B.Considerate.C.Optimistic.D.Conservative.7.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Topresentthekindmomentsinatimeofchaos.B.Todescribewhatit'slikeworkinginthepandemic.

3C.Toexplainwhyitishardtoworkatthegrocerystore.D.Toprovideadviceonhowtoprotectoneselfinthepandemic.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇文说明文。作者从一个杂货店员工的角度，讲述了新冠疫情爆发以来在店里目睹到的景象，有人们慌乱的反应，也有暖心的瞬间。【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第二段第一、二句“ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.(第二天，这家商店是我所见过的最繁忙的商店。六个收银机必须从上午10点开到关门)”可知，商店当天顾客爆满，作者用这样的表达就是为了说明人们面对疫情惊慌失措、蜂拥而至前来购物的混乱场景。因此推断划线句表示当地人疯狂地抢购商品。故选D项。2.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.”可知，疫情爆发后，整个商店里的气氛都变了，结合本段给出的人们对咳嗽、打喷嚏的人很敏感以及用购物袋包住头部的人都不难看出，人们对于疫情是感到恐慌的。故选B项。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.”（在混乱之中，仍然有一些善意的时刻。），最后一句“We'llappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.”（我们会很感激你能分散我们的注意力，你会让我们的生活更加美好。）可知，作者处在新冠疫情的紧张气氛下，还是比较冷静的，也能关注到发生的一些美好的事情，同时对关心自己的人表示感激，应该是比较积极乐观的。故选C项。4.推理判断题。根据第一段“IworkatagrocerystoreinMontreal'sPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalotofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublicplacestostopthespreadofthepandemic(流行病)ofcoronavirus.”可知，我在蒙特利尔高原附近的一家杂货店工作，那里有很多常客。3月12日，魁北克政府宣布关闭所有公共场所，以阻止冠状病毒的传播。同时结合下文“ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.”（第二天，这家店是我见过的最忙的。），第三段第一句“Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.”（从那以后，店里的气氛就不一样了。）所以可推知，作者身为杂货店的工作人员，讲述新冠疫情下自己在杂货店工作过程中的所见所闻，因此文章的写作目的是描述作者在大流行病中工作的感觉。选项B与文意一致。故选B项。CLikepeople,plantsexperiencestress.Andalso,likepeople,theresponsetothatstresscandeterminesuccess.Badenvironmentalconditions,suchasdrought,flood,heatandotherstresses,affectyields(产量)morethancroppestsanddiseases.Wearetryingtofindawaytoequipplantswiththeabilitytotolerateenvironmentalstressandmaintainhighyields,saidStephenHowell,aprofessorofgeneticsandcellbiology.

4Plantcellsproduceproteins(蛋白质)andshipthemtodifferentpartsofthecell.Undernormalconditions,theseproteinsarefoldedintotheirnormal,healthystructuresastheyareproduced.Whenaplantisunderstress,itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins.Thenabuilt-insystemsensesthisand“setsoffanalarminthecell,”saidHowell.Inresponsetothealarm,anotherprotein(IRE1)startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates(激活)thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive.“Asitturnsout,responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactuallyinhibitthegrowthofplants,”saidHowell.“Thisallowsthemtopreservetheirenergytosurvivethestressconditions.”Forplantsinthewild,thisresponseisahelpforsurvival,hesaid.Inproductionofagriculturecrops,however,thisresponsereducesyields.“Youdon’twantcropplantstostopgrowing,”Howellsaid.“Youwantthemtocontinuetogrowandproduceeventhoughtheyareunderstress.”Withthenewunderstandingofthisstressresponse,thenextstepmaybetosilencethealarmsystem,saidHowell.“Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses.Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions.”8.Accordingtothetext,whatcausesanalarmintheplantcells?A.Thefoldedproteins.B.Thechangedproteins.C.Thedefensivemeasures.D.Thestressresponsegenes.9.Whatdoestheenergypreservedintheplantsunderstressconditionsdo?A.Ithelpstheplantstosurvive.B.Ithelpstomaintainhighyields.C.Itkeepstheplantsgrowing.D.Ithelpstoproduceproteins.10.Whichwordisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedword“inhibit”inParagraph5?A.Prevent.B.Start.C.Continue.D.Promote.11.HowdoesHowellintendtomakecropplantsmaintainhighyieldsunderstressconditions?A.Bymakingcropplantskeepmoreenergy.B.Bymakingcropplantsstopgrowing.C.Bymakingthealarmsystemstopworking.D.Bymakingthealarmsystemrespondquickly.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】

5本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了植物细胞的报警是由改变蛋白质产生的，豪厄尔在压力条件下通过使报警系统停止工作使作物保持高产。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段：Whenaplantisunderstress，itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins可知植物细胞报警是由改变蛋白质产生的；故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段：anotherprotein（IRE1）startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates（激活）thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive可知胁迫条件下植物的能量保存帮助植物生存；故选A。【10题详解】词义理解题。根据第五段：Asitturnsout，responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactuallyinhibitthegrowthofplants事实证明，在压力条件下被激活的反应实际上抑制了植物的生长，可知意为阻止；故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段：Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses．Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions可知豪厄尔在压力条件下通过使报警系统停止工作使作物保持高产；故选C。DAnewdeviceworkslikeasolarpanel,exceptthatitdoesn'tharvestenergyfromthesun.Itabsorbsenergyfromthecoldnightsky.Aprototype(原型)ofthedeviceproducedenoughelectricityatnighttopowerasmalllightbulb.Abiggerversionmightonedaylightroomsorchargephones.Italsocouldpowerelectronicsinremoteorlow-resourceareasthatlackelectricity.ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarthandouterspace.Itthenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaluminumplate.Thatplateissealedbeneathatransparent(透明的)coverandsurroundedwithinsulation(隔热材料)tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplate.Thatplateiswarmedbythelocalair.Atnight,thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.Researcherstesteda20-centimeterprototypeoneclearDecembernightinStanford,California.Thegeneratorproduceduptoabout25milliwattsofpowerpersquaremeterofdevice.Thatwasenoughpowertolightasmalllight-emittingdiode,orLEDbulb.Furtherimprovementsmightincreaseitsproductiontoatleast500milliwattsper

6squaremeter.Todothat,thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplate.Thedevicealsocouldhelppowerremoteweatherstationsorotherenvironmentaldevices,saysAaswathRaman.HeisamaterialsscientistwhoworkedonthedeviceattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Thismaybeusefulinpolarregionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonthsatatime,Ramansays.“Ifyouhavesomelow-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”12.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewdevice?A.Itgainsenergyfromthesun.B.It'sbeenwidelyusedinlife.C.Itiscoolerthanasolarpanel.D.It'llbepopularinspecialareas.13.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph3?A.Applicationfieldsofthedevice.B.Thedevelopingprocessofthedevice.C.Theworkingprincipleofthedevice.D.Significanteffectsofthedevice.14.Howcanthedeviceproducemoreelectricity?A.Byputtingmoreinsulationaroundthetopplate.B.Byusingitinextremelycoldandclearnights.C.Bymakingitsbottomcoolerthanthetopplate.D.Bypoweringremoteenvironmentaldevices.15.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ADeviceUsingtheColdNightSkytoProduceElectricityB.ADeviceBringingNewHopeforThoseintheColdNightC.TheDifferenceBetweenaSolarPanelandaNewDeviceD.TheTemperatureDifferenceBetweenEarthandOuterSpace【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项最新的科研发明——利用寒冷的夜空发电的装置，它可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通过利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“Italsocouldpowerelectronicsinremoteorlow-resourceareasthatlackelectricity.”和最后一段的最后两句“Ifyouhavesomelow-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness，thismightbeaway.”可知，这种装置在一些偏远地区或缺电的地区帮助发电；另外，在极地地区数月不见阳光，这种装置可以帮助发电照明。由此可推知，这个新设备在会在一些特殊地区受欢迎。故选D项。2.主旨大意题。根据第三段“ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarthandouterspace.It

7thenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother，thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaluminumplate.Thatplateissealedbeneathatransparent(透明的)coverandsurroundedwithinsulation(隔热材料)tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplate.Thatplateiswarmedbythelocalair.Atnight，thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.”可知，该装置利用地球和外层空间的温差。然后它利用这种差异来发电。只要它的一边比另一边冷，发电机就能发电。较冷的一面面朝天空，与一块铝板相连。那块板被密封在一个透明的盖子下面，周围有保温材料来阻挡热量。发电机的底部连接在一块暴露的铝板上。那个盘子被当地的空气加热。晚上，顶板的温度比发电机底部的温度低几摄氏度。由此可推知第三段主要讲了这个设备发电的主要工作原理。故选C项。3.细节理解题。根据第四段中“Todothat，thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplate”可知，此处Todothat是指前一句“让这装置产生更多的电量”。因此，该装置系统需要在上面的金属板四周安装更多的隔热材料才可以产生更多的电能。故选A项。4.主旨大意题。文章第一段“Anewdeviceworkslikeasolarpanel，exceptthatitdoesn’tharvestenergyfromthesun.Itabsorbsenergyfromthecoldnightsky.”一种新的装置像太阳能电池板一样工作，只是它不从太阳获取能量。它从寒冷的夜空吸收能量。点明了文章主题，结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项最新的科研发明，这种科技可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通过利用地表和远处空间的温差来产生电能。所以短文的最佳标题为“利用寒冷的夜空发电的装置”。故选A项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Talkingtoyourselfmayseemalittleshameful.Accordingtothewell-knownsaying,talkingtoyourselfisthefirstsignofmadness,___16___Talkingtoourselves,whetheroutloudorsilentlyinourheads,isavaluabletoolforthought.Farfrombeingmentallyill,self-talkallowsustoplanwhatwearegoingtodo,manageouractivities,regulateouremotionsandevencreateadescriptionofourexperience.___17___Aschildren,accordingtotheRussianpsychologistLevVygotsky,weuseprivatespeechtoregulateouractionsinthesamewaythatweusepublicspeechtocontrolthebehaviorofothers.___18___Psychologicalexperimentshaveshownthattheprivatespeechcanimproveourperformanceontasksrangingfromjudgingwhatotherpeoplearethinkingtosortingimagesintocategories.Onerecentstudysuggestedthatself-talkismosteffectivewhenweaddressourselvesinthesecondperson,as“you”ratherthan“I”.

8___19___Ifyouwantproof,turnonthesportschannel.You’recertaintoseeanathleteortwocheeringthemselvesupwithabitterphraseorscoldingthemselvesafterabadshot.Conductadialoguewithourselves.___20___Theprivatespeechseemstobeaparticularlygoodwayofsolvingproblemsandworkingthroughideas.Theto-and-frobetweendifferentpointsofviewmeansourthoughtscanendupinexpectedplaces,justlikearegulardialoguecan,andmightturnouttobeoneofthekeyslohumancreativity.A.Whatisprivatespeech?B.Butthereisnoneedforembarrassment.C.Psychologistsrefertothisasprivatespeech.D.Askquestionsoftheselfandprovideanswers.E.Wedoalotofprivatespeechwhenweareyoung.F.Aswegrowolder,wemaketheprivatespeechbecomethewayofblinking,G.Althoughtheprivatespeechiseffective,weneverentirelyputawaytheout-loudspeech.【答案】16.B17.C18.F19.G20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。自言自语似乎显得有点丢人。自言自语非但不代表精神失常，而且恰恰相反，它有助于我们规划要做的事情和管控自己的各种活动和情绪，甚至还能创作一段关于自己经历的故事。【16题详解】根据上文“用人们熟知的话来说，自言自语是变疯的第一迹象。”以及空格后“自言自语——无论是大声说出还是在心中默念——都很有价值，是思考的一种工具。”得知空格处表示转折，尽管大家以为自言自语不好，但你不必感到尴尬。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“自言自语有助于我们规划要做的事情和管控自己的各种活动和情绪，甚至还能创作一段关于自己经历的故事。”得知空格处表示总结：心理学家将这种行为称作私下话语。故选C。【18题详解】根据下文“心理学实验已经表明，这种所谓的内在言语可以提高我们处理一些事情的能力，比如从判断别人在想什么，到把图片分门别类。”得知空格处表示过渡：随着我们年龄的增长，我们并没有放弃这个体系——我们把它内化了。故选F。【19题详解】根据下文举例“打开体育频道，你一定会看到有那么一两个运动员在对自己说着鼓劲儿话，或是在没投中球后狠狠地责备自己。”

9得知空格处表示转折：我们内化了在孩童时期使用的私下话语，但我们却从未完全放弃大声说出的方式。故选G。【20题详解】根据空上文“与自己进行对话。”得知空格处承接上文表示：自问自答似乎是一种很好的解决问题和理清想法的方式。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney'sCircularQuaystation.Iglancedforamomentbut___21___himandwalkedontomyofficeasI___22___hewasaderelict(流浪汉).Onmywaybackthatafternoon,inthe___23___placeIsawanambulanceandthemanwasbeingattendedbytwonurses.Asamatteroffact,hewasn'taderelictbutaworker,who___24___fellillonhiswaytowork.AwaveofshameshockedmewhenIrealizedthatsick,oldmanhadputwiththe___25___oftheentiredayHeprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.NOonstopped.Noone___26___.AdifferentseasonandIagain___27___anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath.Caughtupinthe___28___rushofpeoplecommuting,Iwouldhave___29___himquicklyasIhaddonebefore.However,the___30___oftheoldWinterManforcedmetowalktothemanonheground,whowasdressesinsmartclothesbutlifeless.IbentdowntoaskwhetherhewasOK.He___31___consciousnessagain,andtoldmehewasfeelingdizzyand___32___metocallanambulanceforhim,whichIdid.Veryweak,hesaidtome,inwhisper,"Nobodystopped.Thankyou."Ilookedintohiseyesforamomentin___33___,butmuchwasspokenwithoutawordbeingsaid.Astheapproachingambulanceannouncedthearrivalofhelp,anumberof___34___rushedatme:sadnessfortheWinterManand___35___thatIdidn'twalkpastanotherpersoninneed.Iwasamazedthatithadbeensoeasytobehelpful.21.A.ignoredB.recognizedC.comfortedD.understood22.A.announcedB.provedC.learntD.thought23.A.firstB.sameC.publicD.next24.A.nearlyB.finallyC.suddenlyD.immediately25.A.violenceB.coldnessC.tirednessD.anger26.A.servedB.likedC.knewD.cared27.A.cameacrossB.gaveupC.lookedforD.focusedon28.A.frequentB.crazyC.usualD.gradual

1029.A.greetedB.foundC.followedD.passed30.A.guidanceB.memoryC.expressionD.comment31A.gainedB.returnedC.lostD.received32.A.forcedB.allowedC.instructedD.asked33.A.surpriseB.excitementC.silenceD.pain34.A.dreamsB.emotionsC.plansD.opinions35.A.reliefB.shockC.luckD.regret【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。在一个寒冷的冬天早晨，作者看到一个老人倒在路上但是选择了忽视，结果回家时在同一地点看到了一辆救护车，那个人正由两个护士照料着。作者意识到这个生病的老人已经忍受了一整天的寒冷时，一阵羞愧之感使自己震惊。后来作者又遇到一位老人半躺在人行道上，选择伸出了援手，为自己没有走过另一个需要帮助的人而感到宽慰。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我瞥了他一眼，但没理他，径直走进我的办公室，因为我以为他是一个流浪汉。A.ignored忽略；B.recognized识别；C.comforted安慰；D.understood理解。根据后文“himandwalkedontomyoffice”可知作者忽视了这个倒在路上的老人。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我瞥了他一眼，但没理他，径直走进我的办公室，因为我以为他是一个流浪汉。A.announced宣布；B.proved证明；C.learnt学习；D.thought以为，思考。根据后文“hewasaderelict”可知作者之所以忽视了这个人，是因为作者以为他是个流浪汉。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，在回家的路上，我在同一地点看到了一辆救护车，那个人正由两个护士照料着。A.first最重要的；B.same同样的；C.public公众的；D.next贴近的。根据后文“Isawanambulanceandthemanwasbeingattendedbytwonurses”可知作者看到早上那个倒在路上的人由两个护士照料着，说明是在早上的同一个地点看到的。故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他不是一个流浪汉，而是一个在上班路上突然生病的工人。A.nearly差不多；B.finally终于；C.suddenly突然；D.immediately立即。根据后文“fellillonhiswaytowork

11”可知老人是在上班路上突然生病的。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到这个生病的老人已经忍受了一整天的寒冷时，一阵羞愧之感使我震惊。A.violence暴力；B.coldness寒冷；C.tiredness疲惫；D.anger愤怒。对应第一段中“Onacoldwintermorning”指老人忍受了一天的寒冷。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人在乎。A.served服务；B.liked喜欢；C.knew知道；D.cared关心，在乎。根据上文“Heprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.NOonestopped.”可知过往的人没有停下来帮助这个人，因为没人在乎或是关心这个人。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个不同的季节，我又遇到一位老人半躺在人行道上。A.cameacross偶遇；B.gaveup放弃；C.lookedfor寻找；D.focusedon集中于。根据后文“anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath”可知作者又偶然遇到了一个倒在路上的老人。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉湎于往常上下班的人流中，我如同以前一样快速走过他。A.frequent频繁的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.usual通常的；D.gradual逐渐的。根据后文“rushofpeoplecommuting”可知作者行走在和往常一样上下班的人群中。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉湎于往常上下班的人流中，我以如同以前一样快速走过他。A.greeted问候；B.found找到；C.followed跟随；D.passed经过。根据后文“himquicklyasIhaddonebefore”以及最后一段中“Ididn'twalkpastanotherperson”可知，作者本来打算和以前一样直接走过这个需要帮助的人。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对冬天老人的回忆迫使我走向地上的那个人，他穿着漂亮的衣服，却毫无生气。A.guidance指导；B.memory记忆；C.expression表达；D.comment评论。根据后文“oftheoldWinterManforcedmetowalktothemanontheground”可知作者想起了那个冬天倒在路上的老人，所以对冬天老人的回忆迫使作者走向地上的那个人。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他恢复了知觉，告诉我他感到头晕，让我帮他叫救护车，我照做了。A.gained恢复，获得；B.returned返回；C.lost失去；D.received收到。结合后文“consciousnessagain,andtoldmehewasfeelingdizzy”可知倒在路上的人，恢复了知觉，和作者说话。故选A。

1232题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他恢复了知觉，告诉我他感到头晕，让我帮他叫救护车，我照做了。A.forced迫使；B.allowed允许；C.instructed指示；D.asked询问，请求。根据后文“metocallanambulanceforhim”可知这人身体不适，所以请求作者帮他叫救护车。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我默默地看着他的眼睛，但一句话也没说。A.surprise惊喜；B.excitement激动；C.silence沉默；D.pain痛苦。根据后文“withoutawordbeingsaid”可知作者一句话也没说，只是默默地看着这人。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着救护车向我宣布救援的到来时，许多情绪涌上心头：我为那个冬天的人感到难过；我为自己没有走过另一个需要帮助的人而感到宽慰。A.dreams梦想；B.emotions情感；C.plans计划；D.opinions观点。根据后文“sadnessfortheWinterMan”可知作者帮助了这人之后，内心情绪翻涌，为那个冬天的人感到难过。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当救护车向我宣布救援的到来时，许多情绪涌上心头：我为那个冬天的人感到难过；我为自己没有走过另一个需要帮助的人而感到宽慰。A.relief减轻，宽慰；B.shock震惊；C.luck运气；D.regret后悔。结合后文“thatIdidn'twalkpastanotherpersoninneed.Iwasamazedthatithadbeensoeasytobehelpful.”可知作者这次没有像上次一样，直接走过了那个需要帮助的人，因此是对帮助了别人感到宽慰。故选A。第II卷第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In1956,BiketoWorkDay,with___36___aimofpromotingthebicycleasaseriouschoiceofgettingtoandfromwork,wasstartedbytheLeagueofAmericanBicyclists.Itis___37___(annual)heldacrossNorthAmericaonthethirdFridayofMay.Intoday'sworld___38___globalwarmingisaseriousissue,thebicycleisaperfectwayofreducingourcarbonfootprint.Cyclingtoworkis___39___(healthy)thandrivingortakingpublictransport.Itcannotonlysaveyoumoneybutalso___40___(able)youtobemorecreativeonceyougettowork,thusimprovingyourperformance.Bicyclesarethemostcommonformoftransportintheworldandthereareabouttwobillioninuseworldwide,___41___(make)thebicyclethemostpopularinventionever.Whenwethinkofsomecountries,___42___theNetherlands,weimaginehundredsofpeoplecyclingeverywhere.Eveninhigh-techJapan,___43___isimpossible

13nottoseebusinessmen,farmers,mothersorworkersinthestreetsontheirbikes.Bicycles___44___(invent)inthe19thcenturyhaven'tchangedmuchsince.Today,weusebicyclesforpleasure,fitness,Olympiccompetitions,mail___45___(deliver)andlotsmore.Withoutthebicycle,muchoftheworldmightstopworking!【答案】36.the37.annually38.where39.healthier40.enable41.making42.like43.it44.invented45.delivery【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了骑自行车的益处。自行车是世界上最常见的交通工具，全世界大约有20亿辆自行车，这使得自行车成为有史以来最受欢迎的发明。骑车上班是一项健康的选择。【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：“自行车上班日”是由美国自行车协会在1956年发起的，目的是将自行车作为一种严肃的工作选择。withtheaimof以......为目标，故填the。2.考查副词。句意：每年5月的第三个星期五，在北美各地举行。根据下文“heldacrossNorthAmerica”，可知此处要用副词修饰后面的动词held，所以填副词annually。故填annually。3.考查定语从句。句意：在当今世界，全球变暖是一个严重的问题，自行车是减少我们碳足迹的完美方式。分析句子结构，可知，world是先行词，将先行词代入后面的定语从句中，在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where，故填where。4.考查形容词比较级。句意：与开车或乘坐公共交通工具相比，骑车上班是一项更健康的选择。根据下文中“than”可知，此处表示和开车及公共交通方式相比，所以此处用比较级。形容词healthy的比较级为healthier，故填healthier。5.考查形容词。句意：它不仅能帮你省钱，还能让你在工作后更有创造力，从而提高你的表现。分析句子可知，本句中用到了并列结构：notonly...butalso...，意为“不仅......而且......”，所以空白处形式应该和谓语“save”一致，也用动词原形，形容词able的动词为enable，故填enable。6.考查现在分词。句意：自行车是世界上最常见的交通工具，全世界大约有20亿辆自行车，这使得自行车成为有史以来最受欢迎的发明。分析句子可知，此处是现在分词做结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填making。7.考查介词。句意：当我们想到一些国家，比如荷兰，我们想象着成百上千的人骑自行车到处跑。根据上文“Whenwethinkofsomecountries,”及下文中“the

14Netherlands”可知，此处表示列举，介词like，意为“像”，符合题意。故填like。8.考查it作形式主语。句意：不可能看不到商人、农民、母亲或工人骑着自行车在街上行走。分析句子可知，句式“It+is/was+形容词+todosth.”，不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。本句中真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处是it做形式主语，故填it。9.考查非谓语。句意：自行车是在19世纪发明的，从那以后就没有什么变化了。分析句子可知，本句中已有谓语“haven'tchanged”，所以此处要用非谓语；句子主语“Bicycles”与动词“invent”为动宾关系，所以要用过去分词做后置定语，故填invented。10.考查名词。句意：今天，我们用自行车来娱乐，健身，奥林匹克竞赛，邮件递送等等。分析句子，结合上文中“for”，可知此处要用名词作宾语，和之前的名词“pleasure,fitness,Olympiccompetitions,”构成并列，故填delivery。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，最近你的美国朋友Leo在与父母相处的过程中遇到一些困惑，沟通也出现问题。他心情不佳，来信寻求你的帮助和建议。请根据以下要点给他写一封信：1.安慰朋友；2.介绍自己与家人沟通的情况；3.提出改善家庭关系的建议。注意:1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearLeo,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua【答案】DearLeo,Iamsorrytohearaboutyourcommunicationproblemswithyourparents,butIknowhowyoufeelsinceI'vehadsimilarproblemsbefore.Icanoffersomeusefulsuggestionsbasedonmyownexperience.First,let'sputourselvesintheirshoes.Parentsloveusandoftentrytopreventusmakingmistakesthatseem

15obvioustothem.Whenweshareourproblemswiththem,weoftenlookforalisteningearandanopenheart,notasolution.Therefore,whatyouneedistotellthemaboutthisdifferenceandtrustthem.Ihopethesesuggestionswillmakeadifferencetoyou.Bestregards,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友Leo写封信，他在与父母相处过程中遇到一些困惑，沟通也出现问题，你就此向他提出一些建议。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.安慰朋友；2.介绍自己与家人沟通的情况；3.提出改善家庭关系的建议。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）hearabout;communication;similar;usefulsuggestion;putoneselfinone’sshoes;prevent;obvious;share…with;lookfor;solution;trust;makeadifference第三步：连词成句1.Iamsorrytohearaboutyourcommunicationproblemswithyourparents,butIknowhowyoufeelsinceI'vehadsimilarproblemsbefore.2.Icanoffersomeusefulsuggestionsbasedonmyownexperience.3.First,let'sputourselvesintheirshoes.4.Parentsloveusandoftentrytopreventusmakingmistakesthatseemobvioustothem.5.Whenweshareourproblemswiththem,weoftenlookforalisteningearandanopenheart,notasolution.6.Therefore,whatyouneedistotellthemaboutthisdifferenceandtrustthem.7.Ihopethesesuggestionswillmakeadifferencetoyou.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

16第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First2.表转折对比关系：but3.表因果关系：Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Iamsorrytohearaboutyourcommunicationproblemswithyourparents,butIknowhowyoufeelsinceI'vehadsimilarproblemsbefore.(运用了since引导原因状语从句)[高分句型2]Therefore,whatyouneedistotellthemaboutthisdifferenceandtrustthem.(运用了what引导主语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jennystaredatthestorewindowlongingly.TherewasnothinginthisworldthatshewantedmorethanaHappyHannahdollandallthatcurrentlyseparatedherfromthehottestdolloftheholidayseasonwasathinpieceofglassandS29.95plustax.Unfortunately,Jennydidn'tevenhavethe95cents,sosheletoutadeepsighandcontinuedwalkinghome.Suddenly,apinkrectangle(矩形)inthesnowcaughthereye.Jennywalkedoverandrealizeditwasaleatherwallet.Sheremoveditfromthesnow,andopenedthewallettofindathickpileoffoldedgreenbillsandtwoplasticcards.OnewasacreditcardandtheotheranID.JennystaredattheoldwomaninherIDphoto.ThewomanhadabeautifulsmilethatremindedJennyofhergrandma.Jennysighedandthensheputthewalletintoherpurse.Sheturnedaroundandwalkedinthedirectionfromwhichshecame.Jenny'sheartbeatquicklyassheenteredthestore.Shehadlongdreamedaboutthismoment,butsomethingdidn'tfeelrightaboutitAssheapproachedaneatpileofHappyHannahdolls,shepushedawayherfeelings.ShegraspedoneHappyHannahdolly.AsJennyapproachedtheregister,theHappyHannahShowthemesongbeganplaying.Itwashermobilepone.ItwashergrandmaInonehandsheheldtheHappyHannahdollandintheothersheheldthephoneonwhichhergrandmawascalling.Jenny’sheartwasfiledwithloveandappreciationasshethoughtofhersweetoldgrandmaSheputthedolldownandpickedupthephonecall.“HiGrandma?I'mgoingtobealittlebitlatetonight.I'vegottodropsomethingoff...Yeah,itwasgood...OK...Alright...Iloveyoutoo.”.Jennyleftthestoreandwalkedthroughthemeltingsnowallthewaytotheothersideofthetown.Shethoughofhergrandmaassherangthebellat301WestStreet.

17注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Thewomanwhoansweredthedoorhadbeencryingrecentlyandlookedupsetandanxious.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Thewomantookthewalletsmilingly.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Thewomanwhoansweredthedoorhadbeencryingrecentlyandlookedupsetandanxious.“AreyouMrs.Green?"Jennyaskedpolitely,recognizingherfromtheIDcardinstantly.Mrs.Greennoddedinconfusionandlethercomein.“Madam,didyoulosesomething?”Jennycontinuedandaskedsomenecessaryquestions.“Ilostmywalletwiththemoneytobuygiftsforsomepoorchildren.”Theoldladyblurtedoutatlast,hereyesroundinginsurpriseandsparklingwithhope.Overcomewithguilt,Jennyfeltherfaceburningandhandedthewallettoher.ThankGod,shewouldhavedisappointedthosekids.Paragraph2:Thewomantookthewalletsmilingly.SheheldittoherchesttightlyandthenhuggedJenny,tearsstreamingdownherface.“Youaretherealangel.Nooneknowswhatthewalletmeanstothechildren.”Shesobbedingratitude.Jenny'ssoftheartwastouchedbecausehergrandmaoftencalledherangel.Thatnight,shedartedacrossthestreet,thecreakingofsnowechoingintheair.HoweagershewastotellhergrandmathattodayshegotapresentmoremeaningfulthanHannahdoll-Shewasarealangel!【解析】【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jenny一直想买洋娃娃，但是她的钱不够，一天在路上捡到了一个钱包，本来想要拿着里面的钱买洋娃娃的，但是正准备去付钱时，祖母的电话打来了，她选择了不买，把钱归还了失主。

18【详解】1.段落续写∶①由第一段首句内容“开门的那个女人最近一直在哭，看起来既沮丧又焦虑。”可知，第一段可描写Jenny找到失主后，询问了相关信息确认钱包的主人，开门的女人描述了钱包里钱的用处。Jenny把钱包还给女人的同时感觉愧疚。②由第二段首句内容“女人微笑着接过钱包。”可知，第二段可描写Jenny归还钱包后，女人赞扬了Jenny的行为。听了女人对她的赞扬后，Jenny被感动了。此时Jenny想到奶奶说的话，她多么想把这个消息告诉奶奶。2.续写线索∶失主开门-—询问——还钱包——女士惊讶——女士感谢——赞扬——感动——告诉奶奶这个故事3.词汇激活∶行为类认出∶recognize/identify递给∶hand/pass拿出∶takeout/bringout接受∶accept/receive情绪类惊讶的∶surprised/amazed/astonished感激的∶grateful/thankful【点睛】【高分句型1】Theoldladyblurtedoutatlast,hereyesroundinginsurpriseandsparklingwithhope.（独立主格结构）【高分句型2】Nooneknowswhatthewalletmeanstothechildren.（what引导的从句为宾语从句）