广东省东华高级中学2021届高三上学期期末联考英语考Word版含答案

广东省东华高级中学2021届高三上学期期末联考英语考Word版含答案

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广东省东华高级中学2021届高三上学期联考英语试卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATogetfromNewYorkCity(NYC)toChicago,thereareseveraltransportationoptions.Considertheprosandconsofeachoptiontochoosethebestoneforyou.TimeCostBestforTrain20hoursFrom$70seeingsceneryFlight3hoursfrom$48,butvarieswidelygettingtherequicklyBus19hoursFrom$38travelersonabudgetCar12hoursFrom$60stoppingforattractionsBytrainTravelingbytrainfromNYCtoChicagoisarelativelylongjourney.TrainsgofromPennStationinManhattantoUnionStation.TherouteisservicedbyAmtrak,viatheLakeShoreLimitedorCardinaltoChicagoorbychangingtrainseitherinWashington,D.C.orPitts-burgh.YoucanpurchaseticketsinadvancebyAmtrakorinpersonatPennStation.ByplaneFlyingtoChicagoisthefastestandmostconvenientwaytotraveltherefromNYC.ThemajorcarriersincludeJetBlue,Delta,United,andAmericanAirlines,aswellasbudgetcarriersincludingSouthwestandSpiritAirlines.BybusBusservicefromNYCtoChicagoisalongjourney,too.GreyhoundistheonlycompanythatservicesthisrouteandbusesdepartfromPortAuthorityBus-TerminalinManhattanandarriveatUnionStation.Thesebuses16

1offerWi-Fiservice.BycarYou'lldrivethroughNewJersey,Pennsylvania,andOhio,andthenalongtheMichiganandIndianaborderuntilyougoaroundthesoutherntipofLakeMichiganandbackupintoChicago.Whilethistripislong,themostsignificantadvantageoftravelingbycaristhatthereareafewinterestingplacestostopalongtheway.1.HowshouldyougotoChicagofromNYCifyouwanttosavemoney?A.Bytrain.B.Byplane.C.Bybus.D.Bycar.2.AtwhichplacecanyoubuytrainticketstoChicago?A.UnionStation.B.PennStation.C.Delta.D.Greyhound.3.WhatistheadvantageofdrivingtoChicagofromNYC?A.Savingmoremoney.B.Spendinglesstime.C.Stoppingtoenjoyscenery.D.StayinginNYCforalongtime.BIjusthadasnowstormthatpiledupeightinchesofsnow.Ittrulywasawinterwonder-land,andtherewaswhitebeautyeverywhere.SinceIdidn'thaveanythingtodothatday,Ireallyenjoyedit.Butthenthesecondsnowstormarrivedthatnight,pilingadditionalinchesofsnowontopofthesnowbanksthatwerealreadythere.Andthenontheeveningnews,theweathercastgaveusanoticethatstillanothersnowstormwasheadedourway.ThenIfeltdespondent.Ihadthingstodoandplacestogo.Afterdaysofbeingsnowbound,IfeltlikeIwasunderhousearrest.Iwasstuck.Aplacestuckisn'tafunplacetobe,whetherit'sfromasnowstormorfromlifecircum-stancessuchasabadrelationship,billsthatseemtotoweroverourheads,orsituationswhereweseenowayout.Allofuswillfeelstuckatonetimeoranother,butit'showwerespondthatmakesthedifference.IhadafriendnamedHannah.Shewasstuckintheheartbreakingworldofinfertility(不孕).Shelongedforachildmorethananything.Insteadofacceptingdefeat,sheactedsincerely.ThinkaboutNelsonMandelainadarkprison.Itwasaseeminglyhopelessplace,butinsteadofbecomingdepressedorbitter,hekeptfightingforfreedom.Yes,hekeptfightingtogetthesuccess.Circumstancescannotdefineus,butourreactionsdo.Eachofthosemenandwomenlearnedimportantlessonsintheir“stuck”situations,andwecanaswell.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"despondent"inparagraph2mean?A.Unhappy.B.Unusual.C.Ambitious.D.Energetic.5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?16

2A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Introducesomebackgroundinformation.D.Formaconnectinglinkofthecontext.6.WhydoestheauthormentionHannahandNelsonMandela?A.Tointroducetwogreatcelebrities.B.Tointroducethewaytobefamous.C.Toshowtheirdifferentcircumstances.D.Toshowhowtorespondtodifficultsituations.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Don'tbedefeatedbyfailureB.Don'tbetrappedbysnowC.EnjoythewhitebeautyD.KeepcalminthewinterCInanewstudypublishedontheJournalofAvianBiology,researchersattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexicotrackedthebehaviorofhousefinches(雀)onthemaincampusoftheuniversity,inMexicoCity.Theteamcreatedanartificialnestlining(内衬),whichincludesfeathers,cotton,hairandcigaretteends.Then,afterthebirds'eggshadhatched,theyreplacedtheoriginalliningwiththenewone,tomakesurethenestswerepestfree.Theresearchersthenaddedliveticks(壁虱)tothemix,whiledeadtickswereaddedtootherlinings.Itseemsthaturbanhousefinchesusemorecigaretteendstolinetheirnestswhenthey'vebeeninvadedbyticks.And,thosewhosenestsweregivenliveticksincreasedtheircigaretteendweightbyabout40percentmorethanthosewheredeadtickshadbeenused,accordingtoNewScientist.Thetechniqueislikelyaformofself-medication,theexpertsexplain,asit'sthoughtthatthechemicalsincigaretteendscanhelptokeepoffthepests.Whilethisbehaviormayhaveitsbenefits,theresearcherssayit'salsopossiblethattheuseofcigaretteendsinthenestscouldhavenegativeeffects."Itisamatterofconcernthatcigaretteends,beingpoisonous,arepartofhousefinchnestsinMexicoCity,"theauthorsexplaininthepaper,"butwehavenotcomeacrossevidenceoflong-termcostsofusingthismaterial."16

3Accordingtotheresearchers,athoroughevaluationwillbenecessarytodeterminetherealeffectsofusingcigaretteends,whethertheyarepositiveornot.Buttheyexplain,thefindingsdosuggestthatthecigaretteendsarelinkedtothepresenceofticksandlikelyplayaroleinkeepingthemaway.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"themix"inparagraph2referto?A.Theformernests.B.Theartificiallining.C.Thecigaretteends.D.Theoriginallining.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thefindingsoftheexperiment.B.Theapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Thetheoryrelatedtotherecentresearch.D.Thereasonsforhousefinchesusingcigaretteends.10.Whatdidhousefinchesdowhenlivetickswerefoundintheirnests?A.Eatthemout.B.Dustthemoff.C.Buildfirmernests.D.Usemorecigaretteends.11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetothestudy?A.Skeptical.B.Conservative.C.Objective.D.Tolerant.DCarscouldsoonbecommunicatingwitheachotherusing5Gtomakedriversawareofupcomingdangers,scientistsclaim.Theultra-fastmobileInternetwouldallowforrapidinformationtransmissionandcouldmakedriversawareofblackice,potholesorotherdangersupahead.Severalcarmanufacturersarealreadyintegrating5Gintotheirvehicles,includingasatooltowelcomethecomingofself-drivingvehicles.Expertsbelievethehigh-speedconnectionwillalsoimprovethereliabilityandcapabilityofautomatedvehiclestothepointwheretheywillbesaferthanthemanualcarsbeingdriventoday.Theypredictthenumberofroadtrafficaccidents—whichaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)accountformorethan1.3milliondeathsandupto50millionpeopleinjuredworldwideeveryyear—willdropthoroughlyasaresult.DrDimitriosLiarokapis,amemberoftheresearchgroup,said:"Withthehelpof5G,anearlywarningsystemthatalerts(给……报警)driversispossiblewithinthenextfewyears.Carsthatarecloseenoughtothedangerareawillsendwarningmessagestoothercarsaroundthemusingshort-rangecommunicationtechnologies,butalsotocarsfurtherawayusing5G,fastandreliably.Thenthosecarswilltransmitthesameinformationto16

4carsnearthemandsoon,formingajoined-up,multi-vehiclecommunicationchainthatstretchesfarandwide."AutomotivegiantFordisalreadyworkingonconnectedcars.Earlierthisyearitrevealeditsintentiontofit80percentofits2020vehicleswithtechnologythatwarnsdriversaboutupcomingroadaccidents,badweatherandtrafficjams.Thesystempoolsdatafromotherconnectedroadusers,emergencyservicesandtheauthoritiesandsendsitfromtheclouddirectlytothecar.Alertsareshownonthecar'sdashboarddisplaywarningtiedriveraboutwhatliesaroundthecorner.12.Howcan5Ghelpreduceroadaccidents?A.ByofferingthefastmobileInternet.B.Byhelpingdriversovercomedangers.C.Byofferingpracticalsafetyprograms.D.ByhelpingWHOcalculatetrafficaccidents.13.Whatisthefunctionofthecommunicationchain?A.Totrackotherdrivers.B.Tosendwarningmessages.C.Tocollectdrivers'information.D.Tosendthetrafficsituationtothepolice.14.Whatcanweexpectofthecarsinthefuture?A.Theywillbesafer.B.Theymaybebigger.C.Theymayreplaceothervehicles.D.Theywillbemorepersonalized.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.CarsofFordarethemostintelligent.B.Warningmessagesareshownonphones.C.Fordisthefirstproducertouse5G.D.Connectedcarsareequippedwith5G.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearelotsofthingstopayattentiontowhenthenewschoolyearstarts.Althoughitisexcitingfor16

5students,thisyearlytransitioncanalsobe-abigsourceofstress.16Herearesomewaystomakeyourback-to-schoolexperienceassmoothaspossible.Getorganized.17Youcansetupasystemthatyoucanuserightfromthebeginningoftheterm.Somestudentsfindthatacolorfulbinder(活页夹)helpsthemkeepalltheirassignmentsinorder.Othersmightbenefitfromkeepingaweeklyplaninanotebook.Makeaschedule.Outlineadailyplanforschoolprojects,socialeventsandactivities.Makesureyourecordyourassignmentsinthesameplaceeveryweek.Next,wesuggestseparatingassignmentsintosmaller,manageablesteps,andthenorderingthosestepsaccordingtotheprojectduedate.18Finally,thesestepswillhelpyoulearnthetimemanagementskills.19Oneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotoensureagreatschoolyearistounderstandhowyoulearnbest.Somechildrenabsorbinformationbylistening;otherstudentsdobestwheninformationisconveyedvisually,throughchartsorillustrations.Remembertotakebreaks.20Astimegoesby,theyalsoseemtogetfuller.Don'tforgettobuildbreaksintoyourroutine.Evenatwo-minutewalkaroundthehouseorquicksnackcanworkwondersforabusybrain.Weallneedtotakemomentstoresetourminds.A.Identifyyourlearningstyle.B.Focusonthemosteffectivetime.C.Youcanjoinafamousorganization.D.Makesureyourstudyisfreeofthemess.E.Thebeginningoftheyearcanfeelgoodforeveryone.F.Luckily,youcandealwithitwellthroughsomeefforts.G.Youcanusetheplantomanagedailyhomeworkandstudytime.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atsixteen,Iwasseriouslyhurtinmybackandhadanoperation.Elevenmonthsaftertheoperation,whileplayingbaseball,Itookonebad21andknewtheoperationhad22.SoIhadanotheroperation.EverydayIam23thateachstepItakecanbethewrongoneandthatIwillfaceanother24.Yet,inspiteoftheconstantfear,Ihavelearnedsomethingvery25.Theexperiencehastaughtmetoregarddifficultiesas26ratherthanreasonstoquit.16

6Ihave27playingbaseballthroughmyentirelife.Throughoutthelastthreeyears,Ihavetriedtoplaybaseball28,butIwasremindedthatIcouldn'tplayanymore.Tobeabletobeonthe29,Itriedbeingamanagerandscorekeeper.Mylastsummerwasspentwithoutexcitement.Icouldn'tdofunthingssittinginanarmchairsothatmybackcould30.Therefore,Ithoughtofmy31.Ihaverealizedmyacademiclifeisthe32.Iamnotthesmarteststudent,butIam33ineachoftheseacademicareas.34mybackinjury,Ihavelearnedtostudywithfocus.Mysecondgoalisto35thepreviousstate:beingathletic,strongandreadyforanychallenge.21.A.temperB.positionC.swingD.rest22.A.failedB.endedC.begunD.continued23.A.ashamedB.worriedC.confusedD.depressed24.A.chanceB.lessonC.surgeryD.punishment25.A.strangeB.toughC.pitifulD.important26.A.technologyB.motivationC.choicesD.solutions27.A.riskedB.regrettedC.abandonedD.enjoyed28.A.againB.tooC.firmlyD.easily29.A.wayB.teamC.lineD.list30.A.recoverB.surviveC.sufferD.tolerate31.A.achievementsB.wishesC.goalsD.experiences32.A.proofB.progressC.priorityD.process33.A.poorB.skillfulC.honestD.disappointed34.A.WithoutB.BesidesC.InsteadofD.Thanksto35.A.regainB.challengeC.practiseD.guide第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaplanstocompletetheconstructionofaspacestationandhave36putintooperationaround2022,saidZhouJianping,thechiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceprogram,ataforum(论坛)37(hold)insouthChina'sGuangdongProvince.Thespacestatior38(design)toweigh100tonnesandaccommodatethreeastronauts,39couldbeenlargedifneeded,accordingtoZhou.“ThemaingoaloftheconstructionofthespacestationistoenableChinatobecomeacountry4016

7(independent)masteringthetechnologyforlong-termmannedflightinnear-Earthspace,andhavingthecapabilitytocarryoutlong-termmannedscientific41(experiment)innear-Earthspaceandcomprehensivedevelopmentandutilization(利用ofspaceresources,”42(say)Zhouatthe4thChinaSummitForumonHumanFactorsEngineering,whichwasheldatSunYat-senUniversityfromSaturdaytoSunday.ThespacestationwillbebuiltasChina'smainplatformforspacescienceresearch,43theintentionofmasteringthetechnologiesinconstructingand44(operate)largespacefacilities,thetechnologiesthatguaranteelifeandhealthofastronautswhooftenflyinorbit,andtheconstructionofa45(nation)spacelab,accordingtoZhou.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)你的英语老师布置了家庭作业。请按要求以做过的最有意义的事为题写一篇短文,内容包括:1.简介事情;2.陈述意义。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。TheMostMeaningfulThingIDid第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThefourthThursdayinNovemberiscalledThanksgivingDay,whichhasbeenoneofthemostimportantfestivalsintheUnitedStates.Thethemeisthankfulnessforpeaceandhappinessoffamilylifeduringthepastyear.Peopleusuallyeatroastturkeyandpumpkinpietocelebratetheholiday.TherearealwaysmovingstoriesaboutThanksgivingDay,Thoughthestorieshavedifferentleadingroles,the16

8topicsofthemarethesame:showingthesincereappreciationtotheirlovedpeople,suchasparents,siblings(兄弟姊妹),friends,teachersandsoon.IalsohaveamovingstorythathappenedonThanksgivingDay.Atfirstitsoundedlikeathanksgivingstory,butthemoreIreflectedonit,themoreappropriateitseemedforanytimeoftheyear.Thestorywentlikethis:whenThanksgivingDaywascoming,ateachergaveherclassaninterestingtask—todrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywerethankful.Mostoftheclassmightbeconsideredeconomicallydisadvantaged,butstillmanywouldcelebratetheholidaywithturkey,corn,pumpkinsandothertraditionalthingsoftheseason,likeallofthosesymbolsdrawnontheholidaydecorationsandgreetingcards,These,theteacherthought,wouldbethesubjectsofmostofherstudents'art.Allstudentsdrewtheirpicturesastheteacherthought,exceptoneboy—Peterson,Hemadeadifferentkindofpicture.Petersonseemedtobeastrangestudentintheclass.Asotherchildrenplayedduringbreak,heusuallychosetoquietlystandclosebytheteacher'sside.Theydidn'tknowwhathadeverhappenedtohimandnobodycouldguesshowPetersonfeltbehindhissadeyes.Hedidn'tliketoplaywiththeotherstudentsnortalkwiththem.Whenthelittleboywasaskedtodrawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful,hedrewahand.Therewasnothingelsebutanemptyhandonthepicture.Itwasdifferentfromotherpictures.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hisabstractpicturecaughttheimaginationofhisclassmates.Whenthechildrenwentontodiscussotherpictures,theteacherpausedattheboy'sdesk.英语参考答案阅读:1~3CBCA篇:本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了从纽约城到芝加哥的几种交通方式。16

91.C【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中Cost一栏的对比可知,乘坐巴士去芝加哥是最省钱的。2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,人们可以在PennStation购买火车票。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知,开车去芝加哥的最大好处是能停车欣赏沿途的风景。4~7ADDBB篇:本文是夹叙夹议文。作者曾经被大雪困住,无法外出。他从这件事中学到了对待人生应该持有的态度——乐观勇敢地面对困境。4.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知,作者有地方要去,有很多事要去做,但因被雪困住,感觉自己像是被软禁了。由此可知,当时作者是(despondent)。5.D【解析】推理判断题。文章前两段介绍了作者被大雪困住的遭遇,而文章第四段和第五段就如何应对困境进行了阐述。另外,第三段介绍了人们在现实生活中可能遇见的困境,属于过渡段落,起着承上启下的作用。6.D【解析】推理判断题。第四段介绍了两个乐观勇敢面对困境的例子。7.B【解析】主旨大意题。作者通过讲述自己的经历和所举的例子,告诉大家要乐观勇敢地面对困境。8~11BADCC篇:本文是说明文。研究表明家雀用烟蒂筑巢能有效地防御壁虱的侵扰,但同时这也存在一定的危害。8.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,这个团队创造的人工内衬是羽毛、棉花、毛发和烟蒂的混合物。而画线部分的这个“混合物”其实是指替换过后的人工内衬。9.A【解析】主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了壁虱放入三种不同类型的雀巢的实验结果。10.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,当壁虱侵袭雀巢时,家雀会使用更多的烟蒂来筑巢。11.C【解析】推理判断题。文章客观描述了家雀用烟蒂筑巢的利弊,没有掺杂作者的主观情感,由此可知作者对此研究持客观的态度。12~15ABADD篇:本文是说明文。5G能帮助车辆快速地传播路况信息,让驾驶员提前了解潜在的危险,因此使驾驶更加安全。12.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,5G所提供的快速网络使驾驶员能知道前方的危险,以减少交通事故。13.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知,在5G技术的帮助下,一个汽车警报系统就可以建立起来。驾驶员将通过它来传递道路消息,从而形成一个联合的、多辆车之间的交流链(communicationchain)。14.A【解析】推理判断题。文章第三段及第四段介绍了配有5G且更加安全的汽车正在研发中,它们将在不久的未来来到我们身边。16

1015.D【解析】推理判断题。最后一段讲到福特公司正在研发连接性的汽车,而这些汽车和上文介绍的那些汽车一样具有传播道路信息的功能。由此推出,这些连接性的汽车应该也装有5G。16~20FDGAE七选五:本文是说明文。文章介绍了几个在新学期开学前做好准备的方法。16.F【解析】前一句提到“新学期开始前的过渡期可能会给学生带来压力”,后一句引出下文“这里有几种方法”。F选项符合文义,属于过渡句,句意是“幸运的是,通过一些努力,你可以很好地应对这些压力”。17.D【解析】本段主旨大意是“在开学前,把与学习相关的事情都安排好”,这也就要求学生做到“不能让学习杂乱”。18.G【解析】根据本段第一句可知,G项的“theplan”和上文的“adailyplan”相呼应。19.A【解析】本段主要讲了不同的学生有不同的学习风格,那么确定适合自己的学习风格就显得格外重要。这一点和A项意义一致。20.E【解析】后一句说到“随着时间的推移,人们开始对学习变得厌倦”,这和E项“一年的开始对于大家来说都是美好的”形成对比。21~25CABCD26~30BDABA31~35CCBDA完形填空:本文是记叙文。作者在16岁时,由于背部受伤,做了手术。从小热爱棒球的他几年内无法再打棒球。但他并没有气馁,而是从中悟出了要坚定自我,不放弃的人生哲理。21.C【解析】考查名词。作者术后11个月再次去打棒球,做出了一次糟糕的摆动(swing)。22.A【解析】考查动词。根据下文的“SoIhadanotheroperation”可知,这次手术失败了(failed)。23.B【解析】考查形容词。根据下文的“inspiteoftheconstantfear”可知,作者经常担心(worried)每动一下都会导致要面对另一次手术(surgery)。24.C【解析】考查名词。解析见23题。25.D【解析】考查形容词。根据下文可知,作者学到了重要的(important)东西。26.B【解析】考查名词。根据下文的“ratherthanreasonstoquit”可知,作者把挫折看成是前进的动力(motivation)而不是放弃的理由。27.D【解析】考查动词。根据下文可知,作者喜欢(enjoyed)棒球这项运动。28.A【解析】考查副词。手术后作者想再次(again)打自己喜欢的棒球,但被告知不能打。29.B【解析】考查名词。根据下文的“Itriedbeingamanagerandscorekeeper”可知,作者想再次归队(team)。30.A【解析】考查动词。上文讲到作者被告知不能打球,所以他整个暑假都坐在椅子上,等待背部手术后的恢复(recover)。16

1131.C【解析】考查名词。根据下文讲述的作者的两个目标可知答案。32.C【解析】考查名词。作者动了手术后,无法再打棒球,学业就成了他优先考虑的事(priority)。33.B【解析】考查形容词。作者虽然不是最聪明的学生,但他擅长(skillful)每一门功课。34.D【解析】考查介词短语。作者之所以能够专注学习,是因为(Thanksto)他做了这个背部手术。35.A【解析】考查动词。作者第二个目标是恢复(regain)状态,能勇敢地面对任何挑战。36.it37.held38.isdesigned39.which40.independently41.experiments42.said43.with44.operating45.national语法填空:36.it【解析】考查代词。此处的it用来指代spacestation。37.held【解析】考查非谓语动词。forum和hold是被动关系,此处用过去分词作后置定语。38.isdesigned【解析】考查语态。本句缺少谓语,且spacestation和design之间是被动关系。另外此处是讲述现阶段的事情,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。39.which【解析】考查定语从句。这个非限制性定语从句的先行词是Thespacestation,它在从句中充当主语。40.independently【解析】考查副词。这里应该用副词形式independently来修饰现在分词mastering。41.experiments【解析】考查名词单复数。experiment是可数名词,这里要用复数形式表示泛指。42.said【解析】考查时态。根据本句后面的washeld可知,此处应该用一般过去时。43.with【解析】考查介词。此处withtheintentionof…是指“目的是……”。44.operating【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据and前面的constructing可知答案。45.national【解析】考查形容词。此处要用形容词national修饰名词spacelab。写作:第一节:命题立意:本题要求考生以做过的最有意义的事为题写一篇短文。该情境基于考生实际生活,并融入了英语元素。该题很好地考查了考生的英语核心素养,同时也考查了考生的英语实际应用能力。参考范文:TheMostMeaningfulThingIDidThemostmeaningfulthingIdidwasthatIwenttoanursinghometodovoluntaryworklastsummerholiday.Gettingeverythingready,Iwenttothenursinghomewithmybestfriend.Uponarrivingthere,westartedtocleanthefloorandhelptheelderwashclothes.Theelderfelthappyandsharedmanywonderfulstorieswithus.Theexperiencemademerealizethatoldpeopleneedourcareandweshouldspendmoretimestayingwiththem,Fromthen.on,IdecidedtodovoluntaryworkmoreoftenandIlearnedalessonthateldersaretreasures.16

12一、评分原则1.本题总分为15分,按5个档次给分。2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、最后给分。3.词数少于60和多于100的,从总分中减去2分。4.评分时,应注意的主要内容:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确的一个重要方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6.如书写较差,以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。二、各档次的给分范围和要求档次描述第五档(13~15)完全完成了试题规定的任务,完全达到了预期的写作目的。—覆盖所有内容要点。—应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。—语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。第四档(10~12)完全完成了试题规定的任务,达到了预期的写作目的。—虽漏掉一两个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容。—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。—语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确,些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。—应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。第三档(7~9)基本完成了试题规定的任务,整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的。—虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖所有主要内容。—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解。—应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文内容连贯。续表档次描述16

13第二档(4~6)未恰当完成试题规定的任务,信息未能清楚地传达给读者。—漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容,写了一些无关内容。—语法结构单调,词汇项目有限。—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解。—较少使用语句间的连接成分,内容缺少连贯性。第一档(1~3)未完成试题规定的任务,信息未能传达给读者。—明显遗漏主要内容,写了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求。—语法结构单调,词汇项目有限。—较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响对写作内容的理解。—缺乏语句间的连接成分,内容不连贯。0未能传达给读者任何信息:内容太少,无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无光或所写内容无法看清。第二节:参考范文:Hisabstractpicturecaughttheimaginationofhisclassmates.Whosehandcoulditbe?OnechildsaidthatPetersonhaddrawnanartist'shand,becauseartistsdrawgreetingcards.Anothersaiditwasapoliceofficer'shand,becausethepoliceprotectandhelppeople.Stillothersguesseditwasahandofparents,fortheygivehappinesstochildren.Thediscussioncontinueduntiltheteacheralmostforgottheyoungartisthimself.Whenthechildrenwentontodiscussotherpictures,theteacherpausedattheboy'sdesk.SheaskedPeter-sonwhosehandinthepictureitwas.Thelittleboywhispered,“It'syours,teacher.”Herememberedthetimewhenshestayedquietlywithhim.Hecontinued,“WheneverIgotintotrouble,youalwaysgavemeahand.I'mfullofthankfulnessforyourhelp.”TheteacherfeltmovedafterlisteningtoPeterson'swords.ShetouchedPeterson'sheadandcontinuedtoworkwiththetearswellingupinhereyes.一、评分原则1.本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。2.评分时,先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。3.词数少于130的,从总分中减去2分。4.评分时,应主要从队下四个方面考虑:(1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;(2)内容的丰富性;16

14(3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;(4)上下文的连贯性。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。6.如书写较差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。二、各档次的给分范围和要求档次描述第五档(21~25)—与所给短文融洽度高,与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理。—内容丰富。—所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确,可能有些许错误,但完全不会影响意义表达。—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使所续写短文结构紧凑。第四档(16~20)—与所给短文融洽度较高,与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理。—内容比较丰富。—所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确,可能有些许错误,但不影响意义表达。—比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使所续写短文结构紧凑。第三档(11~15)—与所给短文关系较为密切,与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。—写出了若干有关内容。—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求,虽有一些错误,但不影响意义表达。—应用简单的语句间连接成分,使全文内容连贯。—与所给短文有一定的关系,与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。第二档(6~10)—写出了一些有关内容。—语法结构单调,词汇项目有限,有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误,影响了意义的表达。—较少使用语句间的连接成分,全文内容缺少连贯性。第一档(1~5)—与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差。—产出内容太少。—语法结构单调,词汇项目很有限,自较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误,严重影响了意义的表达。16

15—缺乏语句间的连接成分,全文内容不连贯。0白卷、内容太少无法评判或所写内容与所提供内容无关。16

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