广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语答案 Word版含解析

广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语答案 Word版含解析

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2022-2023学年度高一年级第一学期线上阶段调研英语试卷本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共13页,满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1、答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上,用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。2、选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答,答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上,超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分选择题(共85分)一、听力(共2节,满分15分)第一节听力理解(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)请听下面4段材料,每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,每段对话或独白读两遍。听第1段材料,回答第1至2题。1.Whenisthewomanavailableforvacation?A.InAugust.B.InSeptember.C.InOctober.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Couple.B.Colleagues.C.Strangers.听第2段材料,回答第3至4题。3.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Havesomefood.B.ShowhisID.C.Lookforhisboardingpass.4.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Awaitress.B.Aflightattendant.C.Anairportstaffmember.听第3段材料,回答第5至7题。5.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Aroundnoon.C.Intheevening.6.Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’scall?A.Toinvitethemanandhiswifetodinner.

1B.Tochangeanappointment.C.Toinvitethemantovisittheirfriends.7.WhatwillthemandonextSaturday?A.GoonbusinessinScotland.B.Gotothewoman’shouse.C.Attendaweddingparty.听第4段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Howtosavemoney.B.Howtospendmoney.C.Howtobeagoodhousewife.9.Wheredoesthewomanlikeshopping?A.Insupermarkets.B.Indepartmentstores.C.Inoutdoormarkets.10.Whatdoesthewomanstronglyrecommend?A.Fixingthingsbyourselves.B.Hiringsomeonetorepairthings.C.Askingfriendstohelpwiththerepairs.第二节获取信息(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求,从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息,每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)全科免费下载公众号-《高中僧课堂》DurhamUniversityBasicinformationArea:11.________acresSchools:12.________,SocialScience,LawandMedicineCoursesContent:Amixtureofformal13.________andatleasttwo14.________oftwoorthreestudentspertermRequirement:AlongessayofatleastsixthousandwordsOpendaysFor15.________whowanttotakeacourse二、单项选择(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)

21.Thesewildflowersgive________anicesmell.A.inB.upC.awayD.off【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这些野花散发出好闻的香味。A.(give)in投降;B.(give)up放弃;C.(give)away赠送;D.(give)off发出,散发(气味,光)。分析句子可知,空处表示“发出(气味)”。故选D项。2.Itwasnotuntilwestartedourmeeting________Mr.White________andmadeaspeech.A.that;turnedupB.when;turnedupC.that;turneddownD.when;turneddown【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查强调句和动词短语词义辨析。句意:直到我们开始开会,怀特先生才出现并发表了讲话。第一个空是强调句型itwasnotuntil...that,强调了notuntil状语从句,第二个空是谓语动词,turnup是出现,turndown是拒绝,怀特先生出现后做演讲,故选A。3.ThetelecomindustryinAustraliaisverysmall________therestoftheworld.A.bycomparisonB.comparingtoC.incomparisonwithD.beingcompared【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:澳大利亚电信业与世界其他地区电信业相比规模很小。A.bycomparison相比较,直接作状语,如果接宾语,应加介词with;B.comparingto无此表达,常用comparedto为过去分词;C.incomparisonwith与……比较起来;D.beingcompared被比较,后接宾语时,应用加介词with或to。根据句意可知,incomparisonwith符合题意,作状语。故选C。4.Theamusementpark,which________adultsandchildrenalike,________atpresentandwillbeopennextyear.A.intendsfor;willbebuiltB.isintendedfor;willbebuiltC.intendsfor;isbeingbuiltD.isintendedfor;isbeingbuilt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:这个为成人和孩子准备的娱乐公园,目前正在建设中,明年将会开放。A.intendsfor;willbebuilt为……打算,将被修建;B.isintendedfor;willbebuilt打算为……所用,将被修建;C.intendsfor;isbeingbuilt为……打算,正在被修建;D.isintendedfor;isbeingbuilt

3打算为……所用,正在被修建。由“which________adultsandchildrenalike”可知,定语从句缺少谓语动词,先行词是“Theamusementpark”,公园是被打算用于成人和孩子的,故用“isintendedfor”,由“atpresent”可知,主句用现在进行时,主语“Theamusementpark”和build是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态isbeingbuilt。故选D项。5.Thenumberofpeoplewho________cars________inthepast20years.A.own;increasedB.owns;haveincreasedC.own;hasincreasedD.owns;hasbeenincreasing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致及时态。句意:在过去的20年里,拥有汽车的人数增加了。第一空是定语从句的谓语动词,从句主语who指代people,谓语动词应用复数形式;第二空是主句的谓语动词,主语是thenumberofpeople,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,由inthepast20years可知,应用现在完成时,助动词使用has。故选C。6.________ifyoucouldhelpmeovercomethedifficultyIhave________English.A.Iwouldbeappreciated;tolearnB.Iwouldappreciateit;tolearnC.Iwouldbeappreciated;learningD.Iwouldappreciateit;learning【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句式和动名词。句意:如果你能帮助我克服学习英语的困难,我将不胜感激。Iwouldappreciateitif...为固定句式。havedifficulty(in)doingsth为固定短语。故选D项。7.Thereisanincreaseddemandthatmoreorganicfood________toimprovethequalityoflife.A.produceB.beproducedC.toproduceD.beingproduced【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:人们越来越需要生产更多的有机食品来提高生活质量。Thereisanincreaseddemandthat为同位语从句,从句用虚拟语气,应该用(should)+动词原形,主语moreorganicfood与谓语produce为被动关系,用被动语态。故选B项。8.Thetempleisoneoftheattractionsthat________.A.isworthytobevisitedB.isworthtobevisitedC.areworthytobevisitedD.areworthtobevisited

4【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句主谓一致。句意:这个寺庙是值得参观的景点之一。“值得做某事”表示为beworthdoingsth或者beworthytodosth,故B和D两个选项错误,beworthytobedone表示“某事值得被做”。根据句意可知,that引导定语从句,在定语从句中,oneof后面的先行词是名词复数,谓语动词则用复数形式。“theattractions”,是名词复数,故be动词用are。故选C项。9.Onlywhen________thedoorofthehouse________thathehadleftthekeyintheoffice.A.didhearriveat;didherealizeB.hearrivedat;didherealizeC.didhearriveat;herealizedD.hearrivedat;herealized【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装结构。句意:他走到门口才意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。第一空是when引导的时间状语从句,句子应用陈述语序;第二空是主句部分,当only修饰的状语从句位于句首时,后面的主句使用部分倒装结构。故选B。10.Seniorfamilymembers,especiallyparents,shouldcreateanatmosphere________childrencanbeencouragedtopourouttheirhearthappily.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:家庭长辈,尤其是父母,应该营造一种氛围,鼓励孩子们快乐地倾诉心声。分析可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词atmosphere,且关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以用where引导。故选B项。11.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose【答案】B【解析】【分析】

5【详解】考查定语从句。句意:StephenHawking认为地球不可能是生命逐渐发展的唯一星球。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是theonlyplanet,定语从句缺少地点状语,用where引导定语从句,故选B。12.WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.A.fromwhichB.inwhichC.withwhomD.forwhom【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知,pastmistakes为现行词,_____wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.为定语从句,从句中谓语动词canlearn可知,要从过去的错误中学习,learnfrom“从……中学习”,可知应用fromwhich引导定语从句。故选A。13.Theresultisnotthesametheyhadexpected,wasratherdisappointing.A.what,asB.as,thatC.that,whichD.as,which【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:结果和他们预期的不一样,这是相当令人失望的。分析句子可知,“theyhadexpected”为限制性定语从句,先行词为“thesame”,当先行词是thesame或者先行词被thesame,asmuch/many修饰时,关系代词应用as。“wasratherdisappointing.”是非限制性定语从句,结合句意,指代前面整个句子,从句中作主语,应用which引导非限制性定语从句。综上,故选D项。14.________iswidelyaccepted,intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses,butthisisnotapolitewayofgreetinginothercultures.A.AsB.ItC.WhichD.What【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意:在中东,阿拉伯人通过互摸鼻子来打招呼,这在其他文化中是不礼貌的。分析可知,________iswidelyaccepted在句中为定语从句,从句缺少主语,指代整个句子“intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses”,结合选项,as和which都可以指代整个句子,在引导非限制性定语从句时,which引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后,as引导的从句则可以置于句首。故选A。

615.Itwasintherestaurant________wehaddinnerlastSunday________youleftyourwallet.A.where;whereB.that;thatC.where;thatD.that;where【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意:你一定是把钱包落在了我们上周日吃晚餐的那家餐馆。根据句意可知,“________wehaddinnerlastSunday”是定语从句,修饰先行词“therestaurant”定语从句缺地点状语,故用where引导;第二空与前面“Itwas”构成强调句型,即itis/was+被强调的部分+that+其他,其中“itis/was”和“that”不做任何成分,只是强调句的形式标志,去掉之后,句意完整,不缺成分。故第二空填that。故选C项。三、阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AWeallknowAlbertEinsteinwasprobablythemostintelligentmanthateverlived,andthathiscontributionstosciencewerethegreatest,butstill,thereareafewthingsyoumaynotknowaboutthegreatscientist.EinsteinSyndromeEinsteinwassupposedtotalklate—hetoldhisbiographer(传记作者)hedidn'tstartspeakinguntilatleastthreeyearsold.StanfordeconomistDr.ThomasSowelleveninventedtheterm"EinsteinSyndrome"todescribeextremelybrightchildrenwhosespeechisdelayed.ASimpleCompassWhenAlbertEinsteinwasfiveyearsoldandsickinbed,hisfathershowedhimasimplepocketcompass.Einsteinwasattracted.Whatforcemadethelittleneedlepointinasingledirection?ThisquestionstayedwithEinsteinformanyyearsandhasbeenconsideredasthebeginningofhisinterestinscience.EinsteinandtheViolinEinstein'smother,Pauline,wasanexcellentpianistandwantedhersontolovemusictoo,soshestartedhimonviolinlessonswhenhewassixyearsold.Unfortunately,atfirst,Einsteinhatedplayingtheviolin.Hewouldmuchratherbuildhousesofcards,whichhewasreallygoodat.WhenEinsteinwas13yearsold,hesuddenlychangedhismindabouttheviolinwhenheheardthemusicofMozart.Withanewpassionforplaying,EinsteincontinuedtoplaytheviolinuntilthelastfewyearsofhislifeandEinsteinwouldusetheviolintorelaxwhenhebecamestuckinhisthinkingprocess.DesignedaRefrigerator

7Twenty-oneyearsafterwritinghisSpecialTheoryofRelativity,AlbertEinsteininventedarefrigeratorthatoperatedonalcoholgas.Therefrigeratorwaspatented(获得专利)in1926butneverwentintoproductionbecausenewtechnologymadeitunnecessary.Einsteininventedtherefrigeratorbecausehereadaboutafamilypoisonedbyasulphurdioxide-emitting(排放二氧化硫的)refrigerator.16.Whatistheterm"EinsteinSyndrome"inParagraph2usedtodescribe?A.Somepeoplewhochangetheirmindaboutlearningmusic.B.Somechildrenwhocan'tspeakuntiltheyarethreeyearsoldC.SomesmartchildrenwhobegintospeaklaterthannormalchildrenD.Somepeoplewhoarecrazyaboutthepocketcompassanditsneedle.17.WhatdidEinsteinthinkofplayingtheviolinbeforehewas13?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Frightening.D.Hateful.18.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEinsteinaccordingtothepassage?A.Einsteinbenefitedalotfromplayingtheviolin.B.Einsteininventedtherefrigeratoroutofcuriosity.C.Einsteinreceivedacompassasagiftforhisfifthbirthday.D.Einsteinsufferedfromaspecialillnesswhenhewasachild.【答案】16.C17.D18.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一些关于爱因斯坦这位伟大的科学家鲜为人知的事情。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“StanfordeconomistDr.ThomasSowelleveninventedtheterm"EinsteinSyndrome"todescribeextremelybrightchildrenwhosespeechisdelayed.(斯坦福大学经济学家托马斯·索韦尔博士甚至发明了“爱因斯坦综合症”这个术语来描述那些说话迟缓的极其聪明的孩子。)”可知,“爱因斯坦综合症”是用来描述聪明但比正常孩子说话晚的孩子。故选C项。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Unfortunately,atfirst,Einsteinhatedplayingtheviolin.Hewouldmuchratherbuildhousesofcards,whichhewasreallygoodat.WhenEinsteinwas13yearsold,hesuddenlychangedhismindabouttheviolinwhenheheardthemusicofMozart.(不幸的是,起初爱因斯坦讨厌拉小提琴。他更愿意用纸牌搭房子,这是他很擅长的。当爱因斯坦13岁的时候,当他听到莫扎特的音乐时,他突然改变了对小提琴的想法。)”可知,13岁以前爱因斯坦讨厌小提琴。故选D项。【18题详解】

8细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Withanewpassionforplaying,EinsteincontinuedtoplaytheviolinuntilthelastfewyearsofhislifeandEinsteinwouldusetheviolintorelaxwhenhebecamestuckinhisthinkingprocess.(带着对演奏的新热情,爱因斯坦继续拉小提琴,直到他生命的最后几年,当他陷入思考过程时,爱因斯坦会用小提琴来放松。)”可推断,爱因斯坦从拉小提琴中受益匪浅。故选A项。BIt’sfall,andthatmeanssometreesarelosingtheirleaves.Manypeoplemightseecleaningupallthatyardwasteastiring.ButBryantLiu,13,lookedathisleaf-blanketedlawnandsawapotentialsourceofenergy.Rightnow,mostpeoplefueltheircarswithpetrolmadefromfossilfuels(化石燃料),whicharenotrenewable.Soscientistsaremakingbiofuels.Forexample,engineerscanproducebioethanol-atypeofalcoholfuel-fromsugarsinplants.Turningtodeadleaves,however,presentsachallengeforbiofueldevelopers.Deadleaveshavesugar,buttheyalsohavelotsoflignin-atoughsubstance(物质)thatstrengthensthewallsofplantcells.Togettothesugarsinside,scientistsfirsthavetobreakdowntheligninwithchemicals.Bryantwantedtoseeifhecouldgetsugarforbiofuelsoutofdeadleavesbypretreatingthoseleaveswithacidsorbases(碱).Theyoungresearchergatheredupthreegarbagebagsfullofleavesfromhisyard.Thenhewenttohisfather’slaboratory.Hebrokethedeadleavesintopieces,andthencarefullyloadedequalnumbersofthemintotesttubes.Afterwards,headdedeitheranacidsolutionorabasesolutionatdifferentconcentrationstothetesttubes.“Thatwasreallyfun,”Bryantsays.“Itmademefeellikearealscientist.”Finally,theteenfoundthatpretreatingleaveswitheitheranacidorbaseencouragedsugartogetoutfromhisyard’sleaves.However,heexplains,theprocessisstilltooexpensive.Bryantnowwantstotakethesugarsfromhisfindingtothenextstep-makingethanol.Ifhecouldcreateabettermethodforproducingbiofuels,heexplains,peoplewouldneedfewerfossilfuelsand“havearenewableenergysourceforthefuture.”And,Bryantadds,ifpeopleuseallthosedeadleavesforbiofuels,heandotherkidsmayhavetodolesscleaningeachfall.19.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?A.ReflectonBryant’sexperiences.B.Useexamplestosupportthetopic.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.20.WhatisthepurposeofBryant’sexperiment?A.Totestthetoughnessofthelignin.B.Tofindthedifferencesbetweenacidsandbases.

9C.Toidentifythefunctionsoftheelementsofleaves.D.Togetsugarfromdeadleavesusingacidsandbases.21.WhatisBryant’snextstep?A.Toproducebiofuelsfromdeadleaves.B.Topromotetheuseofbiofuelsworldwide.C.Tomakehispretreatingprocesslesscostly.D.Toencourageotherkidstocollectdeadleaves.22.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBryant?A.Heiscaring.B.Heisdemanding.C.Hehasagoodsenseofhumor.D.Hehasaspiritofexploration.【答案】19.C20.D21.A22.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验,将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖,并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“It’sfall,andthatmeanssometreesarelosingtheirleaves.Manypeoplemightseecleaningupallthatyardwasteastiring.ButBryantLiu,13,lookedathisleaf-blanketedlawnandsawapotentialsourceofenergy.”(秋天来了,这就意味着一些树开始掉叶子。很多人认为打扫院子里的落叶很烦人。但13岁的BryantLiu看着铺满树叶的草坪,看见了一个潜在的能量来源。)和第二段的“Rightnow,mostpeoplefueltheircarswithpetrolmadefromfossilfuels(化石燃料),whicharenotrenewable.”(现在大多数人用不可再生的化石燃料制成的汽油为汽车提供燃料,所以科学家们正在制造生物燃料。)可推知,作者写第一自然段是为了增加一些背景信息,表明在这样的背景情况下,Bryant想要研发生物燃料。故选C。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Bryantwantedtoseeifhecouldgetsugarforbiofuelsoutofdeadleavesbypretreatingthoseleaveswithacidsorbases(碱).”(Bryant想看看那些枯叶用酸和碱处理后能不能提取糖制成生物燃料)可知,Bryant实验的目的是用酸和碱从枯叶中提取糖。故选D。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Bryantnowwantstotakethesugarsfromhisfindingtothenextstep-makingethanol.”(Bryant现在想把他研究成果的糖带到下一步——制造乙醇)可知,Bryant

10的下一步是用枯叶生产生物燃料。故选A。【22题详解】推理判断题。结合文章的主要内容,尤其第三段的“Bryantwantedtoseeifhecouldgetsugarforbiofuelsoutofdeadleavesbypretreatingthoseleaveswithacidsorbases(碱).”(Bryant想看看能否通过用酸或碱预处理枯叶,从这些枯叶中提取出用于生物燃料的糖)和第四段的“Bryantnowwantstotakethesugarsfromhisfindingtothenextstep-makingethanol.”(Bryant现在想把他研究成果的糖带到下一步——制造乙醇)可知,本文主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验,将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖,并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。由此可推知Bryant具有探索精神。故选D。CDogsareourbestfriends.That’sespeciallytrueafteradisaster,suchasanearthquake.Whenbuildingsfalldown,searchandrescuedogshelpfindtrappedpeople.Dogs’amazingnosescanpickupthesmellofsurvivors.Nowscientistshavedevelopedanelectronictoolthatdoesthesamething.It’stakingsmelldetection(探测)toawholenewlevel.Thenewinventionisasortofelectronicnose,whichcandetectextremelylowlevelsofmanycompounds(化合物)frompeople’sskin.Thisisn’tthefirsttimeengineershavedevelopedsuchanobject.Earliermodels,however,havebeenbulkyandexpensive.Theycouldnotdetectlowlevelsoftargetcompoundseither.Thenewoneisinexpensiveandsmallenoughtofitinsidehand-heldequipment.Theelectronicnosecandetectextremelyslightsmellofmorethanonecompoundatthesametime."Beingabletodothis,insuchasmallobject,isthesignificantdiscovery,"saysSotirisE.Pratsinis,ProfessorofProcessEngineering&MaterialsScienceattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyinZurich.Histeamtesteditinspecialspaces.Theywerelikethesmallspaceswherepeoplemightbetrapped.Chemicalsgivenoffbythevolunteersbuiltupinside.Theelectronicequipmentdetectedthosecompoundsatunbelievablylowlevels.Theresultsweregoodnewsfortheresearchteam.Buttheymaybenotforourfour-leggedfriends,whocouldsoonbeoutofajob."Ideally,thistechnologycouldreplacesearchandrescuedogs,"Pratsinissays.StephenTaylor,anelectricalengineer,agreesthatthenewtechnologyhassomebenefitsoverdogs.Still,hethinksitmaybetoosoontohaveourtrustyfriendsretire.Hesuspects,"Iforeseethatsuchanobjectcouldaddtothefineworkdonebythedogs."Tayloralsopointedoutsomepotentiallimitationsofthenewinvention."E-nosesareuseful,butcanbeverylikelytobeaffectedbyunstablereadingsandinterruption,"hesays.23.Whydoestheauthortalkaboutdogsatthebeginning?A.Tocatchthereaders’attention.B.Tointroducethetopicaboute-noses.

11C.Toshowwhatsearchandrescuedogsdo.D.Toaddbackgroundinformationfordiscussion.24.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"bulky"underlinedinparagraph2?A.ComplexB.FragileC.HandyD.Large25.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whate-noses’workingprincipleis.B.Howe-nosesaremade.C.Whatdifferencesbetweendogsande-nosesare.D.Howpowerfule-nosesare.26.WhatdoesStephenTaylormean?A.Dogsande-nosescouldworktogether.B.Searchandrescuedogswillretiresoon.C.E-nosesaremorereliablethannosesofdogs.D.Dogsarebetteratfindingouttrappedpeople.【答案】23.B24.D25.D26.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文,介绍了一种可以用于探测的电子鼻。【23题详解】推理判断题。第一段中,作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途,然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻,可以推断先提及狗的原因是为了引出电子鼻的话题,故选B项。【24题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Earliermodels,however,havebeenbulkyandexpensive.Earliermodels,however,havebeenbulkyandexpensive.Thenewoneisinexpensiveandsmallenoughtofitinsidehand-heldequipment.”可知早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且“bulky”,新型的电子鼻则体积小巧,可放入手持设备内,新旧形成对比,由此猜测bulky是“庞大”的意思”,选D项。A项complex意为“复杂的”,B项fragile“易碎的”,C项handy“方便的”。【25题详解】主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物的极轻微气味,故选D项Howpowerfule-nosesare.(电子鼻有多厉害)。【26题详解】

12推理判断题。根据最后一段“"Iforeseethatsuchanobjectcouldaddtothefineworkdonebythedogs."”可知StephenTaylor“预测电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作,故选A项。根据下一句“Tayloralsopointedoutsomepotentiallimitationsofthenewinvention…hesays.”可知StephenTaylor认为电子鼻虽然很有用,但是有潜在的局限性,所以排除C项。StephenTaylor所说的话没有涉及到B、D两个选项的内容,所以排除。DIntheancientwalledcityofSana’a,mudskyscrapersrisehighintothesky.Thetoweringstructuresarebuiltentirelyoutofearthanddecoratedwithstrikinggeometricpatterns.ThelocalmudarchitectureissouniquethatthecityhasbeenrecognisedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.“Asanoutstandingexampleofarchitecturereflectingthespatialcharacteristicsoftheearlyyearsthecityinitslandscapehasanextraordinaryartisticandpictorialquality,”UNESCOwritesinitsdescriptionofSana’a.“Thebuildingsalsodemonstrateexceptionalcraftsmanshipintheuseoflocalmaterialsandtechniques.”EventhoughthebuildingsinSana’aarethousandsofyearsold,theyremain“terriblycontemporary”,saysSalmaSamarDamliyi,co-founderoftheMudBrickArchitectureFoundation.Theancientstructuresarestillinhabitedtodayandmostremainprivateresidences.Damliyisaysitiseasytoseewhythesemudbuildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(绝缘的),sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itisthearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamliyi.Architectsaroundtheworldarereviving(复兴)raw-earthconstructionastheyseektoconstructsustainablebuildingsthatcanresistextremeweathereventssuchasflashfloodsandintenseheat.Couldthisancientformofarchitectureinfluencethedesignofourfuturehomes?Theconstructionindustryaccountsfor38%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Thebuildingsectorhasanimportantroletoplayiftheworldistomeetthegoalofreachingnetzeroby2050.Concrete,acommonmodernconstructionmaterial,hasahugecarbonfootprint.Replacingconcretewithlesspollutingmaterialsiscriticaltoachievingourclimategoals,scientistswarn.Theancientmaterialmud,couldbetheperfectsustainablealternativetoconcrete,accordingtoDamliyi.Constructingwithmudhasaverylowimpactontheenvironmentandthematerialitselfisfullyrecyclable,shesays.“Ifyouwanttopulldownawallorchangethedesign,youcanrecycleallthematerials.”Anaddedbonusis

13thatmudbuildingsarewarminthewinterandcoolinthesummer.Thisreducestheneedforairconditioningunits,whichconsumelargeamountsofelectricityandcontainrefrigerantsthatcomprisegreenhousegasemissions.Mudstructuresarealsoincrediblystrongandresistanttoextremeweather,suchasheatwaves,floodsanddroughts,whichscientistssaywillbecomemorefrequentandintenseastemperaturescontinuetorise.Thereforepeoplewhowishtoliveinamodern,comfortablehomeshouldconsideronemadeofmud.Overall,itmakesforhighlyadvancedaswellassustainabledesign.27.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,buildingsinSana’aare“unique”because________.A.theyaretallandtowerovertheentirecityB.theirgeometricpatternscreateartisticfeelingsC.theyarebeautifullycraftedwithlocalresourcesD.theirfascinatinghistoryhasattractedmanytourists28.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmudmaterialsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theycanreducethechanceofextremeweatherevents.B.Theycanbeidealforsustainablefutureconstruction.C.Theymightproducelotsofgreenhousegasemissions.D.Theymightcausesubstantialtemperaturechanges.29.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.mudmightbeanimportantsolutiontotheclimatecrisisB.themudbuildingsinSana’aarenolongersuitabletoliveC.rebuildingmudconstructionwouldtakegreateffortsD.mudbecomesthefavouritematerialofarchitects30.Whatdoyouthinkmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheHistoricCitiesthatMarkHumanCivilizationB.TheConstructionIndustrythatThreatensClimateGoalsC.TheModernArchitecturethatSurvivesExtremeWeatherD.TheAncientMaterialthatMakesforFutureHouseDesigns【答案】27.C28.B29.A30.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文以Sana’a具有特色的泥质城堡引入,主要介绍了泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。【27题详解】

14细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thetoweringstructuresarebuiltentirelyoutofearthanddecoratedwithstrikinggeometricpatterns.ThelocalmudarchitectureissouniquethatthecityhasbeenrecognisedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.(这些高耸的建筑完全是用泥土建造的,装饰着引人注目的几何图案。当地的泥建筑非常独特,因此这座城市已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”和第二段的“Thebuildingsalsodemonstrateexceptionalcraftsmanshipintheuseoflocalmaterialsandtechniques.(这些建筑还展示了在使用当地材料和技术方面的卓越工艺)”可知,Sana’a的建筑的独特之处在于它们是用当地的资源进行精心装饰的。故选C。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Damliyisaysitiseasytoseewhythesemudbuildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(绝缘的),sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itisthearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamliyi.(达姆利伊说,很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力——它们绝缘良好,可持续发展,非常适合现代使用。“这是未来的建筑,”达姆利耶说)”和第四段的“Architectsaroundtheworldarereviving(复兴)raw-earthconstructionastheyseektoconstructsustainablebuildingsthatcanresistextremeweathereventssuchasflashfloodsandintenseheat.(世界各地的建筑师正在复兴生土建筑,因为他们寻求建造能够抵御暴洪和高温等极端天气事件的可持续建筑)”可知,泥土材料是未来可持续建设的理想选择。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Theconstructionindustryaccountsfor38%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Thebuildingsectorhasanimportantroletoplayiftheworldistomeetthegoalofreachingnetzeroby2050.Concrete,acommonmodernconstructionmaterial,hasahugecarbonfootprint.Replacingconcretewithlesspollutingmaterialsiscriticaltoachievingourclimategoals,scientistswarn.(建筑业占全球二氧化碳排放量的38%。如果世界要实现到2050年实现净零排放的目标,建筑行业可以发挥重要作用。混凝土是一种常见的现代建筑材料,它的碳足迹非常大。科学家警告说,用污染更少的材料取代混凝土对实现我们的气候目标至关重要)”和倒数第二段的“Theancientmaterial,mud,couldbetheperfectsustainablealternativetoconcrete,accordingtoDamliyi.Constructingwithmudhasaverylowimpactontheenvironmentandthematerialitselfisfullyrecyclable,shesays.(达姆利伊表示,这种古老的材料——泥浆,可能是混凝土的完美可持续替代品。她说,用泥浆建筑对环境的影响非常小,而且材料本身是完全可回收的)”推知,泥浆可能是气候危机的重要解决方法。故选A。【30题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文,并结合第三段的“Damliyisaysitiseasytoseewhythesemudbuildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(绝缘的),sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itis

15thearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamliyi.(达姆利伊说,很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力——它们绝缘良好,可持续发展,非常适合现代使用。“这是未来的建筑,”达姆利耶说)”和最后一段“Therefore,peoplewhowishtoliveinamodern,comfortablehomeshouldconsideronemadeofmud.Overall,itmakesforhighlyadvancedaswellassustainabledesign.(因此,想要住在现代舒适的房子里的人应该考虑用泥土做的房子。总的来说,它有助于高度先进和可持续的设计)”可知,本文主要介绍了泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。D项“古老的材料造就了未来的房屋设计”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读补全。根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余项。Ifyourroommatesnores(打鼾)inawaythatisaffectingyoursleepeverynight,you’llneedtoaddressthesituationassoonaspossible.Doingsowisely,however,islikelytoincreaseyourchancesoffindingaworkablesolutionthateveryoneishappywith.FirstandForemost,MentionIttoYourRoommate.Ifyourroommatesnoresalot,you’llhavetobringitupifyou’reevergoingtomovetowardasolution.____31____Avoidangryaccusationslike“Yousnoresomuch!”or“Whyareyousnoringlikethatallthetime?”RememberThatSnoringCanMeanSomeOtherIssuesDon’tjustviewsnoringasabadhabit;itcanbeamedicalissueforsomepeople,too.Thevariouscausesofsnoringshouldhelpyoukeepinmindthatthisisn’tsomethingthatcanjustbefixed,likeadirtyroommateoronewhotakesyourstuffallofthetime.____32____FindSomeTemporary(暂时的)Fixes.Asyouandyourroommateworktofindlong-termsolutionstothesnoringproblem,lookintosomeshort-termfixesfirst.Canyougetearplugs?____33____Rearrangethebedsofyourroomsotheyaren’tsoclose?Perhapsyoucanaskyourroommatetoavoidalcoholbeforebed,orlookintogettingandusingawhitenoisemachine.____34____Yourroommatemightjustneedtochangesomesleepinghabits;similarly,theymightalsohavesomeseriousmedicalconcernswhicharen’tgoingtobefixedquitesoeasily.Ifthatisthecase,turntosomelong-termfixes.Knowthatit’sperfectlyokayforoneofthosefixestobefindinganotherroommate.Sleepisimportant—forbothofyou.KeepThingsPleasantandFriendly.____35____Wouldyouwantsomeoneforexample,takingvideoofyoursnoringandpostingitonline

16somewhere?Definitelynot.Yourroommate’ssnoringisn’tanintentionalactdesignedtomakeyourlifehorrible.Consequently,aimforunderstandingandpatienceasyoubothworktofindasolution.A.LookintoLong-termFixes.B.Forexample,you’vebeentoldyousnoreabit.C.Howyoubringthetopicup,however,mattersalot.D.Askyourroommatetotrytosleepontheotherside?E.Itdoesn’thavetomeananyoneisdoinganythingwrong.F.Considerhowyou’dwanttobetreatedifyouwereinyourroommate’sshoes.G.Bepatientandconsiderateasyourroommatelooksintowhat’scausingthesnoring.【答案】31.C32.G33.D34.A35.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要说明了处理室友打鼾问题的一些方式并要学会站在对方的角度去考虑问题。【31题详解】上文“Ifyourroommatesnoresalot,you’llhavetobringitupifyou’reevergoingtomovetowardasolution.”(如果你的室友经常打鼾,你想找到解决办法,就必须把它提出来。)说明要主动提出室友打呼噜的问题,结合下文“Avoidangryaccusationslike“Yousnoresomuch!”or“Whyareyousnoringlikethatallthetime?””(避免愤怒的指责,比如“你打鼾太厉害了!”或者“你为什么一直打鼾?”)说明提出问题的方式非常重要,与C项“Howyoubringthetopicup,however,mattersalot”(然而,提出问题的方式是非常重要的。)衔接合适。故选C项。【32题详解】上文“Thevariouscausesofsnoringshouldhelpyoukeepinmindthatthisisn’tsomethingthatcanjustbefixed,likeadirtyroommateoronewhotakesyourstuffallofthetime.”(打鼾的多种原因可以帮助你记住,这不是一件可以轻易解决的事情,比如一个脏兮兮的室友或者一个一直拿你东西的人。)说明打鼾的原因非常多,很难解决这件事,可得出该空应该讲对待室友打鼾要持什么态度。与G项“Bepatientandconsiderateasyourroommatelooksintowhat’scausingthesnoring”(当你的室友在设法弄清楚打鼾的原因时,要耐心和体贴。)衔接一致。故选G项。【33题详解】上文“Canyougetearplugs?”(你能戴上耳塞吗?)及下文“Rearrangethebedsofyourroomsotheyaren’tsoclose?”(把你房间的床重新调整一下位置,这样就不会太近了?)都是通过反问句来提出应对室友打鼾的暂时性的解决措施。与D项“Askyourroommatetotrytosleepontheotherside?”(让你的室友试着睡在另一边?)内容一致。故选D项。

17【34题详解】下文“Ifthatisthecase,turntosomelong-termfixes.”(如果是那种情况,考虑一些长期的解决措施吧。)说明如果室友的打鼾情况无法通过暂时性的方法解决,就要考虑一些长期的解决办法,比如换室友等。说明本段主要的内容是要考虑长期的解决措施。故A项“LookintoLong-termFixes”(考虑长期的解决措施。)符合题意。故选A项。【35题详解】下文“Wouldyouwantsomeoneforexample,takingvideoofyoursnoringandpostingitonlinesomewhere?Definitelynot.”(例如,你希望有人拍下你打鼾的视频并发布到网上吗?绝对不希望。)举例说明和室友换位思考,站在室友的立场上,思考希望别人怎么对待自己。故F项“Considerhowyou’dwanttobetreatedifyouwereinyourroommate’sshoes”(考虑一下,如果你站在室友的立场上,你希望别人怎么对待你。)符合语境。故选F项。四、完形填空(共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnatripbackfromBoston,mytwolittleguysandIstoppedatagasstation.ItwasnotuntilIgothomethatI____36____mywallethadbeenleftthere.Itriedtosetasidemyfrustrationand____37____overthisandfocusedontakingaction.First,Ihadtofindthephonenumberofthegasstation.JustaquickBaidu____38____,right?Unluckily,thenumberhadbeenrecently____39____duetonewownership.SoI____40____therestaurantacrossthestreet.Thehostesswarmlytookdownmy____41____andhadawaiterbringittothegasstationmanager,whothenrangmeup.Hetoldmethataregularcustomerhadfoundmywalletand____42____itovertohimforsafekeeping.We____43____thatIwoulddrivebacktothegasstationthenextdayto____44____mywallet.Myreliefthatthesituationwasheadingtherightdirectionwas____45____,aswasmyappreciationforthe____46____andthoughtfulnessofothers---fromthe____47____whofoundmywallettotherestauranthostesstothemanager,whowaswillingto____48____memywalletifthatwas____49____forme.Ateverystepoftheway,agenerousspiritwasshown,whichwas____50____inaworldwhereweoften____51____self-focusedthinkingandself-servingbehavior.Muchgoodfortune____52____meafterIleftmywalletbehindonthattripbackfromBoston---includingapowerfulreminderofthegoodnessandgenerosityofothers.Myworldwas____53____andmademorejoyful,notjustbybeingreunitedwithmywallet,butbythe____54____actsofothers.AsMarianneWilliamsonwrote,“____55____iswhathappenswhenweallowourselvestorecognizehowgoodthingsreallyare.

1836.A.distinguishedB.realizedC.memorizedD.thought37.A.anxietyB.curiosityC.confusionD.surprise38.A.kickB.checkC.tipD.search39.A.revealedB.hiddenC.changedD.conveyed40.A.identifiedB.calledC.visitedD.inspected41.A.demandB.nameC.addressD.number42.A.handedB.gotC.tookD.left43.A.provedB.arrangedC.hopedD.advised44.A.pickoutB.comeupC.takeupD.pickup45.A.puzzlingB.simpleC.obviousD.interesting46.A.kindnessB.toughnessC.innocenceD.positiveness47.A.neighborB.waiterC.visitorD.customer48.A.showB.awardC.presentD.mail49.A.moreconvenientB.harderC.morepossibleD.slower50.A.inspiringB.excitingC.demandingD.engaging51.A.respectB.evaluateC.witnessD.admire52.A.shockedB.accompaniedC.supportedD.protected53.A.appreciatedB.rightedC.admiredD.recognized54.A.valuelessB.carelessC.selflessD.meaningless55.A.SympathyB.CourageC.HappinessD.Bravery【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.C40.B41.D42.A43.B44.D45.C46.A47.D48.D49.A50.A51.C52.B53.B54.C55.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在从波士顿回家的途中,把钱包遗落在了加油站。几经周折,在他人的善良和无私行动下,作者最后找回了钱包,并意识到“当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时,幸福就会发生。”【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:直到我回到家我才意识到我的钱包落在那里了。A.distinguished区别;B.realized意识到;C.memorized记住;D.thought认为。根据后文“mywallethadbeenleftthere”指作者意识到自己的钱包落在了加油站。故选B。【37题详解】

19考查名词词义辨析。句意:我试着把我沮丧和焦虑放在一边,集中精力采取行动。A.anxiety焦虑;B.curiosity好奇心;C.confusion困惑;D.surprise惊喜。根据上文“Itriedtosetasidemyfrustrationand”可知钱包丢了,作者沮丧和焦虑。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:只是快速搜索一下百度,对吧?A.kick踢;B.check检查;C.tip给小费;D.search搜索。根据上文“JustaquickBaidu”指通过百度搜索找到加油站的电话号码。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:不幸的是,由于有了新的所有者,这个号码最近发生了变化。A.revealed揭露;B.hidden隐藏;C.changed改变;D.conveyed表达。根据后文“duetonewownership”可知因为老板换了,所以加油站的电话号码也变了。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以我给街对面的餐厅打了电话。A.identified识别;B.called打电话;C.visited拜访;D.inspected检查。根据后文“whothenrangmeup”可知作者打不通加油站的电话,于是给街对面的餐厅打电话,故选B。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:女主人热情地记下了我的电话号码,让服务员把号码拿给加油站经理,经理随即给我打了电话。A.demand要求;B.name名字;C.address地址;D.number数字,号码。根据后文“hadawaiterbringittothegasstationmanager,whothenrangmeup”可知餐厅老板记下了作者的电话号码,然后拿给了加油站的经理。故选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他告诉我一个老顾客发现了我的钱包并交给他保管。A.handed递给;B.got得到;C.took带走;D.left离开。根据后文“itovertohimforsafekeeping”指这名老顾客把钱包交给了加油站经理保管。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们约定第二天我开车回加油站去取我的钱包。A.proved证明;B.arranged安排;C.hoped希望;D.advised建议。根据后文“Iwoulddrivebacktothegasstationthenextdayto”可知作者和加油站经理约定好了第二天去取钱包。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们约定第二天我开车回加油站去取我的钱包。A.pickout挑选出;B.comeup走近;C.takeup拿起;D.pickup捡起,取回。根据宾语mywallet可知是取钱包,应用pickup。故选D。

20【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰,也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理,如果这样做对我更方便,他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。A.puzzling令人困惑的;B.simple简单的;C.obvious明显的;D.interesting有趣的。根据上文可知作者几经辗转,最后能顺利拿到钱包,所以事情发展的方向是正确的,这是明显的事实,故选C。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰,也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理,如果这样做对我更方便,他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。A.kindness善良;B.toughness艰难;C.innocence无辜;D.positiveness积极。根据后文“andthoughtfulnessofothers”以及上文这些人乐意帮助作者找回钱包,可知是对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏。故选A。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰,也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理,如果这样做对我更方便,他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。A.neighbor邻居;B.waiter服务员;C.visitor访问者;D.customer顾客。呼应上文“aregularcustomerhadfoundmywallet”捡到钱包的是一名顾客。故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰,也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理,如果这样做对我更方便,他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。A.show展示;B.award奖励;C.present呈现;D.mail邮寄。根据第一段中“OnatripbackfromBoston,mytwolittleguysandIstoppedatagasstation.ItwasnotuntilIgothome”可知,作者当时已经从波士顿回到了家里,所以最方便的做法是把钱包邮寄给作者。故选D。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰,也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理,他们都愿意把钱包寄给我,如果这样做对我更方便。A.moreconvenient更方便的;B.harder更难的;C.morepossible更有可能的;D.slower更慢的。根据上文可知,作者当时已经从波士顿回到了家里,所以最方便的做法是把钱包邮寄给作者。故选A。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在前进的每一步中,都展现出一种慷慨的精神,这在一个我们经常看到以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为的世界里是令人鼓舞的。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的;B.exciting令人激动的;C.demanding苛刻的;D.engaging迷人的。根据上文“Ateverystepoftheway,agenerousspiritwas

21shown”可知,这一事情中每个人都展现出一种慷慨的精神,这是令人鼓舞的事情。故选A。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在前进的每一步中,都展现出一种慷慨的精神,这在一个我们经常看到以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为的世界里是令人鼓舞的。A.respect尊重;B.evaluate评估;C.witness目击;D.admire钦佩。根据后文“self-focusedthinkingandself-servingbehavior”指在这个世界中看惯了以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为,故选C。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:从波士顿回来时,我把钱包落下了,随之而来的是许多好运,其中包括对他人善良和慷慨的有力提醒。A.shocked使吃惊;B.accompanied陪伴;C.supported支持;D.protected保护。根据上文“Muchgoodfortune”以及作者顺利拿回钱包,可知好运伴随着作者。故选B。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的世界恢复了正常,变得更加快乐,这不仅仅是因为我的钱包重新团聚了,还因为其他人的无私行为。A.appreciated感激;B.righted纠正;C.admired钦佩;D.recognized识别。作者找回了钱包,所以是世界恢复了正常。故选B。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的世界恢复了正常,变得更加快乐,这不仅仅是因为我的钱包重新团聚了,还因为其他人的无私行为。A.valueless无价值的;B.careless粗心的;C.selfless无私的;D.meaningless无意义的。呼应上文中“agenerousspiritwasshown”指他人的无私行为。故选C。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:正如玛丽安·威廉姆森所写的:“当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时,幸福就会发生。”A.Sympathy同情;B.Courage勇气;C.Happiness幸福;D.Bravery勇敢。根据上文“mademorejoyful,notjustbybeingreunitedwithmywallet”可知,作者拿回了钱包,同时看到了他人的善良和无私,感到更加快乐,所以这句话旨在表明:当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时,幸福就会发生。故选C。第二部分非选择题(共60分+5分背诵)五、单词拼写(共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)请用M1U5-M2U2所学的单词填空(按中文释义、英文释义+首字母或同根词写出单词的形式)71-74题:请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式,填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。56.Bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthise________(sameinvalue)toyourphysical

22health.(根据英文提示单词拼写)【答案】equal##qual【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:要积极开朗,因为你的心理健康和你的身体健康一样重要。根据首字母和英文提示可知,空处填形容词equal作表语,beequalto“等同于”。故填equal。57.Whichcomputerwouldyouprefer,thef________(thefirstoftwothingsorpeoplementioned)orthelatter?(根据英文提示单词拼写)【答案】former##ormer【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:你更喜欢哪台电脑,前者还是后者?根据英语提示“thefirstoftwothingsorpeoplementioned”(提到的两个人或物中的第一个)及单词首字母,可知应填代词former表示“前者”,theformer与后文thelatter照应。故填former。58.Sherealizedherambitionofbecomingap________(todescribejobsthatrequireadvancededucationortraining)singer.(根据英文提示单词拼写)【答案】professional##rofessional【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:她实现了成为职业歌手的抱负。根据首字母及英文提示todescribejobsthatrequireadvancededucationortraining(描述需要高等教育或培训的工作)可知,此处使用形容词professional“职业的”,修饰名词singer,作定语。故填professional。59.Theytookactivestepstop________(tomakesuresomethingdoesnothappen)thespreadofthedisease.(根据英文提示单词拼写)【答案】prevent##revent【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他们采取了积极的措施防止疾病的蔓延。to后接动词原形,根据英文和首字母提示空处填动词prevent。故填prevent。75-80题:根据括号内的单词填入单词的正确形式(可以超过一个单词)。60.His________(propose)thatthesystemshouldbechangedwasaccepted.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】proposal【解析】

23【详解】考查名词。句意:他关于改变制度的建议被接受了。根据空前形容词性物主代词His可知,此处应用名词proposal“建议”,作主语,由wasaccepted可知,应用名词单数形式。故填proposal。61.Tomydelight,Iwaschosenfromhundredsof________(apply)toattendtheparty.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】applicants【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:令我高兴的是,我从数百名申请者中被选中参加晚会。hundredsof后接名词复数,根据“Tomydelight,Iwaschosen”可知,空处填名词复数applicants。故填applicants。62.Marysaidsomebadthingsaboutme,butIhave__________(forgive)herforthat.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】forgiven【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:玛丽说了一些关于我的坏话,但我已经原谅了她。结合语意,句子表示过去的动作对现在有影响,应用现在完成时,空前已经出现have,所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填forgiven。63.ThebeautifulsightofMountHuangisbeyond________(describe).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】description【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:黄山的美景无法用语言形容。根据所给提示词及“beyond”可知此处需要名词作宾语。“describe”是动词,表示“描述”,名词是description,表示“描述”时,是不可数名词,beyonddescription表示“无法用语言描述”,符合句意。故填description。64.Thecompany________(found)in1997,mainlyengagedindiggingmachinerepair.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wasfounded【解析】【详解】考查动词语态。句意:公司成立于1997年,主要从事挖掘机维修。此处作谓语动词,与主语company是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,由in1997可知,动作发生在过去,应用被动语态。故填wasfounded。65.Thefamilyisthe________(base)unitofsocietyandthefirstschoolofourlife.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】basic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:家庭是社会的基本单元,也是我们人生的第一所学校。根据句意可知,提示语在句中作定语,修饰名词unit,用形容词是basic,意为“基本的”。故填basic。

2481-85题:根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。66.Weallare________(独一无二)toourfamily.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】unique【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们每个人都是独一无二的。beuniqueto对……是独一无二的。根据汉语提示及句意,故填unique。67.Theheavyrainmadehisbusinesssufferagreat________(损失).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】loss【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:大雨使他的生意遭受很大损失。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用名词loss,作suffer的宾语,由空前a可知,应用名词单数形式。故填loss。68.Thepolicemanmadeacontributionto________(调查)theaffair.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】investigating【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:警察为调查这件事做出了贡献。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查表示“调查”对应的动词investigate的动名词形式,作介词to的宾语。故填investigating。69.Thestaff________(进行)atestyesterdaytodeterminehowthemandied.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】conducted【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:工作人员昨天做了一项测试,以确定该男子是如何死亡的。“进行一个测试”是conductatest,根据yesterday可知,用一般过去时,故填conducted。70.Hervoicewasshaking________(尽管)allhereffortstocontrolit.(根据汉语提示拼写)【答案】despite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意:尽管她竭力控制自己的声音,但声音还是在颤抖。结合汉语提示可知,介词despite符合题意。故填despite。六、短语填空(共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)请用M1U5-2U2,小说TheBreadLesson所学短语的适当形式填空71.AvatarIIsucceededin________(激起情绪)oftheaudiencebypresentingamagicalwaterworld.(根据汉语提示完成句子)

25【答案】stirringupemotions【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意:《阿凡达2》通过呈现神奇的水世界,成功地激起了观众的情绪。激起情绪为stirupemotions,in后接动名词作宾语。故填stirringupemotions.72.Recently,thediseaseisspreading________(以惊人的速度).(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】atarapidspeed【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意:最近,这种疾病正在以惊人的速度蔓延。以惊人的速度翻译为“atarapidspeed”作状语。故填atarapidspeed。73.________(就我而言),itisnecessarytoattendtrainingclassesforthefollowingreasons.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】AsfarasIamconcerned【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意:就我而言,由于以下原因有必要参加培训班。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用固定短语asfarasIamconcerned,位于句首,首字母大写。故填AsfarasIamconcerned。74.Itisestimatedthat5Gtechnologywill________(可能)beusedinmorefields.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】belikelyto【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意:据估计,5G技术可能会在更多领域得到应用。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词短语belikelytodosth.“有可能做某事”,will后接动词原形。故填belikelyto。75.Checkyourcarbeforeyoudriveto________(确保)thatyourlightsareworking.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】makesure##ensure【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意:开车之前检查一下你的车,确保车灯正常工作。根据汉语提示“确保”,以及动词不定式的标志“to”可知此处应填动词原形,makesure和ensure都有“确保”的意思,都可以接宾语从句。故填makesure或者ensure。76.Theyaregoingto________(筹集资金)fortheschoolbuildings.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】raisemoney##raisefunds

26【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意:他们将为学校建筑筹集资金。begoingtodosth将要做某事,筹集资金为“raisemoney/funds”。故填raisemoney/funds。77.Whenyougotoaforeigncountry,youmust________(使你自己适应)newmannersandcustoms.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】adaptyourselfto##adjustyourselfto【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意:当去到国外,你必须使自己适应心的风俗习惯。根据汉语提示“使你自己适应”及情态动词“must”可知,此处需要填动词原形。“使你自己适应”可以用动词短语adaptyourselfto或者adjustyourselfto表示。故填adaptyourselfto或者adjustyourselfto。78.He________(让我想起……)hisfatherwhenhesaidthat.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】remindedmeof【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意:他说那句话时让我想起了他父亲。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词短语remindmeof,由whenhesaidthat可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填remindedmeof。79.Messi,who________(为……所熟悉)everyone,isconsideredtobethegreatestplayerofalltimes.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】isfamiliarto【解析】【详解】考查形容词短语。句意:梅西,对每个人来说都很熟悉,被认为是史上最伟大的球员。根据汉语提示“为……所熟悉”可知,要用短语befamiliarto,句子描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时。定语从句先行词“Messi”是单数,故be动词用is。故填isfamiliarto。80.Todrawthestudents’attention,he________(用手指敲)theblackboardandraisedhisvoice.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】tappedhisfingerson【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意:为了引起学生的注意,他用手指敲黑板,并提高了声音。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词短语tapone’sfingerson,由andraisedhisvoice可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填tappedhisfingerson。

27七、语篇填空(共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。YuRong,afamousartist,thinksofanewwaytointroducetheancientstoryofHuaMulaninherpicturebook.Inthebook,IAmHuaMulan,shetellsthestoryby____81____(combine)papercuttingwithinternationalartisticstyles.Sheplacespaper-cutsoverwestern-stylepencilsketches(素描)____82____(create)atypicalpresentationofChineseelements,whichturnsouttobea____83____(success)andimpressivebreakthrough.HuaMulan,____84____storyhasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,wasafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386-534).As____85____devoteddaughter,shedressedherselfasamantoserveinthearmy____86____placeofherfather.Mulan’scharacteristics,suchascourage,kindnessanddisinterestinfameandfortune,made____87____(she)oneofthemostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.Mulan’sstoryhasbeenadapted____88____(wide)inthemodernmedia.Forexample,in1998,DisneyproducedafilmnamedMulan,which____89____(consider)agreatsuccessbycriticsandthepublicatthattime.Tobettertellthestory,YuRongdrawsinspirationfromherseveral_____90_____(visit)tositesofancientbattlesandHenanOpera.【答案】81.combining82.tocreate83.successful84.whose85.a86.in87.her88.widely89.wasconsidered90.visits【解析】【分析导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家YuRong通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起,创作了含有中国特色的图画书《我是花木兰》。【81题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:句意:在她的作品《我是花木兰》中,她通过把剪纸和国际艺术风格结合的方式讲述这个故事。此处位于介词by之后,应用动名词,作宾语。故填combining。【82题详解】

28考查非谓语动词。句意:她把剪纸放在西方风格的铅笔素描上,创造出了一种中国艺术的典型代表,结果证明这是一个成功的,给人留下深刻印象的新突破。此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填tocreate。【83题详解】考查形容词。句意:她把剪纸放在西方风格的铅笔素描上,创造出了一种中国艺术的典型代表,结果证明这是一个成功的,给人留下深刻印象的新突破。句中and连接设空处和形容词impressive,为并列结构,作名词breakthrough的定语,应用形容词successful。故填successful。【84题详解】考查定语从句。句意:花木兰是一个来自北魏(386-534)的士兵,她的故事在中国代代相传。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为HuaMulan,指人,关系词在从句中作定语,表示所属关系,应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。【85题详解】考查冠词。句意:作为一个孝顺的女儿,她男扮女装替父从军。此处泛指“一个孝顺的女儿”,应用不定冠词,devoted是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。【86题详解】考查介词。句意:作为一个孝顺的女儿,她男扮女装替父从军。固定短语inplaceof“代替”。故填in。【87题详解】考查代词。句意:花木兰的性格,如勇敢,善良以及淡泊名利,使她成为中国历史上最受尊重的女英雄之一。此处作动词make的宾语,应用she的宾格形式。故填her。【88题详解】考查副词。句意:花木兰的故事被现代媒体广泛改编。此处修饰动词hasbeenadapted,应用副词,作状语。故填widely。【89题详解】考查时态语态。句意:例如,1998年,迪斯尼制作的一部名为《木兰》的电影,当时被评论家和公众认为是一个巨大的成功。此处是定语从句的谓语动词,从句主语which指代Mulan这部电影,为单数,与动词consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,由in1998可知,应用一般过去时。故填wasconsidered。【90题详解】考查名词复数。句意:为了更好地讲述这个故事,YuRong从参观古战场和河南省豫剧院得到了灵感。此处作介词from的宾语,应用名词,当visit表示“参观”时,为可数名词,句中有several修饰,应用复数形式。故填visits。八、书面表达(共5小题,每小题3分,满分15分+5分书写)请根据括号所给的关键词使用M1U5-M2U2所学的词汇、短语、句型进行句子翻译。

2991.不管你什么时候有学习困难,你都可以向老师求助。(nomatter,turn)(汉译英)【答案】Nomattterwhenyouhavedifficultyinlearning,youcanturntoteachersforhelp.【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和时态以及短语。根据汉语提示,本句为一般现在时,且为nomatterwhen引导的让步状语从句,从句涉及的短语为havedifficultyindoingsth,主句涉及的短语为turntosbforhelp。故翻译为:Nomattterwhenyouhavedifficultyinlearning,youcanturntoteachersforhelp.92.那位演讲者提出人们应该平衡经济和环境。(propose)(汉译英)【答案】Thespeakerproposedthatpeople(should)balanceeconomyandenvironment.【解析】【详解】考查动词及虚拟语气。根据句意可知,句子陈述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,propose后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语部分使用shoulddo,should可以省略,“那位演讲者”译为thespeaker,“平衡”译为balance,“经济和环境”译为economyandenvironment。故翻译为Thespeakerproposedthatpeople(should)balanceeconomyandenvironment.93.在执信学习是值得的,在这里我们可以和同伴们一起取得进步。(worthwhile,定语从句,where)(汉译英)【答案】ItisworthwhiletolearninZhixin,wherewecanmakeprogresstogetherwithourpeers.【解析】【详解】考查形容词及定语从句。根据句意及题目要求可知,句子陈述目前的情况,应用一般现在时,“在执信学习是值得的”译为ItisworthwhiletolearninZhixin,使用where引导的非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词Zhixin,“可以”使用情态动词can,“一起取得进步”译为makeprogresstogether,“和同伴们”译为withourpeers。故翻译为ItisworthwhiletolearninZhixin,wherewecanmakeprogresstogetherwithourpeers.94.书法不仅在书写系统起重要作用,它还让学习者体验不同朝代的文化。(Notonly放句首...butalso...;)(汉译英)【答案】Notonlydoescalligraphyplayanimportantroleinthewritingsystem,butalsoitallowslearnerstoexperiencethecultureofdifferentdynasties.【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。根据题目要求,notonly位于句首用部分倒装,即把be动词,助动词或者情态动词提到主语前面,butalso

30后面是正常语序。句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时。表示“在书法系统中”应用介词短语inthewritingsystem;表示“起重要作用”短语为playanimportantrole;表示“学习者”应用learners,名词复数表示不止一个学习者;表示“体验”应用experience,表示“让学习者体验”应用allowlearnerstoexperience;表示“不同朝代的文化”应用短语“thecultureofdifferentdynasties”。故翻译为Notonlydoescalligraphyplayanimportantroleinthewritingsystem,butalsoitallowslearnerstoexperiencethecultureofdifferentdynasties。95.正是这些文化遗址保存了人类文明和历史。(强调句式,强调主语)(汉译英)【答案】Itistheseculturalsitesthatpreservehumancivilizationandhistory.【解析】【详解】考查强调句。根据题干要求使用强调句,其结构为itis/was+被强调的部分+that+其他。句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时。表示“这些文化遗址”可以用theseculturalsites作主语,放在itis和that之间;表示“保存”可以用动词preserve作谓语;表示“人类文明和历史”可以用humancivilizationandhistory做宾语。故翻译为Itistheseculturalsitesthatpreservehumancivilizationandhistory。

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