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嘉兴市2020〜2021学年高一第二学期期末检测英语试卷第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ATodaytheideaofMsimpleandseasonaPseemstobeeverywhere.ButAliceWaterswassayingitabout50yearsago,whenChezPanissefirstopenedonShattuckAvenueinBerkeley.Neitheratrainedcooknorabusinesswoman,shehaschangedthefaceofAmericandining.Watersneverintendedtohavethepowershenowhas.GrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1950s,shewenttotheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,onlybecauseherclosestfriendsweregoing,andforawhileshedidn'thaveaclearalm.ButlivinginFranceforayearchangedeverything.Watersfellinlovewithgoodfoodandthecarepeopletookoveritssourcingandcooking.“ItookmySlowFoodvalues-evwoneshouldhaveaccesstogoodfood,andgrowersareproperlyvalued-from1960sFrance,”shesays."BythetimeIcamehometheywerepartofme.”BackinCalifornia,allWaterswantedtodowascookandopenarestaurant.WhenChezPanissefinallyopened,withdinnercookedandservedbyateamwithnotraining,itwasadisaster.Guestswaitedagesfortheirfood.ButWaterswasnotdiscouraged,“I'vealwayssaidthatifsomeonemakesdeliciousfood,otherswillfindit.”Since1971,ChezPanisse'sonlyexpansion（扩张）hasbeenacafeupstairs.WatershasalwaysrefusedtomakeitbiggersincethatmightweakentheChezPanissebrand（品牌）.HerEdibleSchoolyardProject,ontheotherhand,hasbeenintentionallyspreadout.ItstartedwhenWaterscreatedagardenspaceataBerkeleyschoolforteachingaboutfood.Today,over2,000schoolsworldwidearefollowingWaters'originalmodel.TheSchoolyardrepresentseverythingAliceWatersstandsforandactsasacornerstone（基石）,promotingbotheducationalandpersonalgrowth.Thefoodisgrownslowlyandnaturallybyhand.Studentslearnaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating,careersinfoodindustry,nutrition,foodsafety,andtherestaurantbusiness.13.WhatcanweknowaboutWaters*SlowFoodvalues?A.Herclosestfriendsimpressedthemonher.B.ShecameupwiththemwhenshewasinFrance.C.TheyhavemadeadifferencetoAmericandining.D.TheywerepopularinAmericaabout50yearsago.14.WhathappenedtoChezPanissewhenitjustopened?A.ItdisappointedWaters.B.Itdidn'tcomeoutg.
1D.Itachievedimmediatesuccess.C・Itfailedtoservegoodfood.haveusedrobottechnologytobetterunderstandMars,introducedagroupofrobotsnamedMarsDogsatagymeeting.TheMarsDogisafour-leggedrobotcreatedbythecompanyBostonDynamics.,ggwithothersimilarrobots,canmovearoundinwaysthewheeledW（探测器）thatexploredtheplanetnevercould.TraditionalMarsroversarelimitedmostlytoMtsurfaces.However,manyscientificallyinterestingMartianregionsareonlyreachablebycrossingveryrough（崎岖的）groundorgoingbelowground.WalldngMarsDogsarewell-suitedforsuchchallenges—veniftheyfalldown,theycangetbackupagain.Theserobotscanalsoexploreundergroundbywalkingaroundrocksandloweringthemselvesintocaves.Theyareevencapableofselectingwhichpathtotake.Whiletheydothis,theycollectmeasurementstobuildamapofwhattheysee.AMarsDogwouldalsobeabout12timeslighterthancurrentrovers.Itwouldbeablet。travelmuchfaster,reachingnormalwalkingspeedsof5kilometersperhourduringtests.ComparethattotheCuriosityroverthatiscurrentlyexploringMars.CuriosityrollsalongtheMartiansurfaceatabout0.14kilometersperhour.13.WhatadvantagedoMarsDogshaveaccordingtoparagraph2?A・Theyaremuchlighter.B.Theytravelmuchfaster.C，Theyarebetteratseekingshelter.D.Theymovearoundmoreflexibly.26-Whatisscientists,attitudetothefutureofMarsDogs?D.Alarmed.A.Satisfied.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.Whalingwasonceamajorindustryworldwide.Andbythe1940s,morethan30,000whaleswerebeingcaughteveryyear.Oilfromwhaleswaswidelyused.Inordertomakepossibletheorderlydevelopmentoftheglobalwhalingindustry,theinternationalWhalingCommission（IWC）wasformedIn1946.However,in1986,theIWCvoted（投票）forabanonwhaling.Thebiggestconcernwasthehugefallinwhalepopulationsacrosstheplanet.Indeedmanypeoplesaythebancametoolateandthatcommercialwhalinghasalreadydrivenmanyspeciesclosetoextinction.AccordingtoGreenpeace,bluewhalesarelessthan1%oftheiroriginalnumberintheAntarcticwhileSeiWhalesandFinWhalesarealsolistedas“endangeredspecies**.Therearemanyothergoodreasonstoopposewhaling.Whalesareextremelyintelligentcreatures.Theyhavesocialnetworksverysimilartothoseofhumans,andscientistshaverecentlydiscoveredthatwhaleshavebraincellsonlypreviouslyfoundinhumansandgreatapes（猿）.Ontopofthat,whalingisalsoacruelindustry.Whales
2areoftencaughtusingexplosiveharpoons（鱼叉）.Insomecases,whentheharpoondoesn'thititstargetproperl*whalescantakeminutesorsometimeshourstodie.Despitethis,somecountriescontinuetohuntwhales.AndcurrentlyJapanhuntsmorethan1,000whalesayear—allofthempartofasupposed“scientificresearch”programme.Manypeoplearguethatthis“research”isnothingmorethanafrontofcommercialwhaling—themeatthatisleftoveraftersamplesaretakenissold.Atpresent,theworldisfairlydividedontheissuewithIceland,JapanandNorwayonthepro-wbalingsideandtheUS,Australia,NewZealandandtheEUontheanti-whalingside.Askedrecentlyhowdifficulthisjobwasonascale（等级）ofonetoten,CristianMaquieira,thechairmanoftheIWCsaid,“Aboutatwelve!”27-WhatisthemainreasonfortheIWC'svotingforabanonwhaling?A.Manywhalespeciesdiedout.B.Whalesarehighlyintelligentcreatures.C.Thenumberofwhalesdroppedsharply.D.Whalessuffergreatpainwhenbeingcaught.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"oppose"inparagraph3mean?D.Improve.A.Protest.B.Maintain.C.Permit.29.Whydosomecountriescontinuetohuntwhales?.A.Toensurefoodsupply.B.Tddoscientificresearch.C.Toprotectotherspecies.D.Tomakeeconomicprofit.30.WhatdocsCristianMaquieirameanbysaying“Aboutatwelve!”？A.TheIWCwillmakegreateffortstopromotetheban.B.ItisratherchallengingfortheIWCtocarryouttheban.C.ThereisstillmuchroomfortheIWCtoimproveitswork.D.TheIWCisconfidentofstoppingallcountrieshuntingwhales.第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereyouareinyourfavoriteclothingstore.Youdon，treallyneedtobuyanything,buteverythingissocheapandfashionable!Beforeyouknowit,youleavethestorewithbagsandbagsofnewclothes.Onthesurface,thisdoesn'tseemsobad.However;therearcalotofhiddencostsbehindthelowpriceputforwardbyfastfashionbrands.学■"的Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,micro-plasticsandunwantedwaste.Fashionisoneoftheleastsustainable（可持续发展的）industriesontheplanet,commentedMichaelStanley-Jones,anofficerwiththeUnitedNationsEnvironment高一期末检测英语试题卷第
37页（共12页）Program.亠Actual^itftake叩spaceinoUrhouses,though.Itgendsupinlandfills（垃圾场）,too.Peopleareincreasinglyexaminingtheirownconsumptionandwhatchangestheycanmaketobecomesustainable,JaneFellner,founderofsustainablefashioncompanyLoopstei;toldtheGuardian.InPaEculgwithitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbecomeanincreasinglypopularandeco-friendlychoice.34And,althoughfastfashionwillcontinuetogrow20percentoverthenext10years,secondhandfashionisexpectedtogrowanunbelievable185percentinthatsameamountoftime.35“Theonlytruesustainablewaytoshopistonotshopata!l,wRachelKibbc,abrandadviserforensuringsustainabilityinfashion,toldInsider"UnlessyoufrebuyingclothesthatALREADYexist."A.Howevei;thankfully,thefashiontrendischanging.B.Tobefrank,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.C.Thesecondhandmarketisfacingquiteafewsignificantchallenges.D.Infact,they'vedevelopedsomemarketingstrategiestoincreasesales.E.Researchshowsthesecondhandmarketisexpectedtoreach$80billionby2029.F."We'reourownwastemanagers,storingfashionwasteinourhouses,whenoted.GFellneradded,-Secondhandbecomesmoresociallyacceptableand,forsome,cool.”第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分&分）第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。TencatsandsixdogsinW-UnderdogsaresafethankstothequickthinkingofKeithWalker,ah。"inAT.ggMme亠,—the"andthen3」tosavethedogsandcats.Foundedaboutsixyearsago,W-Underdogsisacommunitygroup38dogsandcats.Volunteersinthegroup__39_dogfoodtopeoplewhocan'talwaysafTordtobuyit,四_petswithoutowners,andprovide41attimes.Walker,53,hasbeenhomelessfor40years.He__42thegroupwithodd（零散的）jobs,butsincenewsofhisbrave43_hassurfaced,thegrouphasreceivedlargequantitiesof44abouthowtheycanhelp.GoFundMe45havebeensetuptofinanciallysupportWalkerandW-Underdogs,which46somuchinthefire.“47,they'reallsafenowandlotsofvolunteersarewalkingthemandlovingthem,”saysdogtrainerVictoria."It'sasmallbut48job.Wedotheworkincommunitiesthatisvery49.Butpeoplehavebeensounbelievablygenerouswiththeirtimeand50blanketsandhelpinguswithW・Underdogs."Dozensofpeopleleft51online,butonesummedeverythingupsowell:
4“I52aboutKeith'sheroismanditwaspossiblythebeststoryforme.Weallhaveproblems,troublesanddifficultiesfittingin.Butthepure53_ofthismanisundeniable（不可否认的）.54andpeopleneedsomeonelikehimtosimplyexistbecausehislovematters.Thankyoufor55一thelightintheworld.**36.A.shiningB.standingC.burningD.shaking37.A.hesitatedB.rushedC.happenedD.continued38.A.caringforB.searchingforC.callingforD.standingfbr39.A.returnB.recommendC.sellD.deliver40.A.takeinB.putasideC.hideawayD.pickout41.A.informationB.transportC.shelterD.equipment42.A.helpsB.providesC.rewardsD.connects43.A.rescueB.operationC.escapeD.defence44.A.ordersB.noticesC.messagesD.doubts45.A.clubsB.accountsC.systemsD.committees46.A.soughtB.achievedC.lostD.wasted高一期末检测英语试题卷:第9页（共12页）
547.A.Hopefully48.A.ordinary49.A.annoying50.A.exchanging51.A.impressions52.A.wrote53.A.goodness54.A.Nature55.A.cuttingoff第二节(共10个小题;B.FranklyB.worthwhileB.dangerousB.donatingB.requestsB.spokeB.honestyB.FriendshipC.UnexpectedlyC.interestingC.tiringC・designingC.concernsC.readC.carefulnessC.ResourcesB.addingtoC.turningdown每小题1.5分，满分15分)D.FortunatelyD.creativeD.toughD.selectingD.commentsD.thoughtD.curiosityD.AnimalsD.runningafter阅读下面材料，在空白处壊入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedNationsbelievesabout17percentoftheworldsfood56(go)towasteeachyear.TheinformationcomesfromtheUNEnvironmentProgramsFoodWasteIndexReport2021.Thereportsaysfoodwasteisnotonly57probleminrichcountries,italsohappensinpoorcountries58foodsuppliescangobadwithoutcoldstorage^储)..Mostofthewastedfoodconiesfromhomes.Therestcomesfromstoresandfoodservice59(company).Sometimesstoresofferreducedpricesonlargeramountsoffood.Whenpeoplebuytoomuchfood,theydonftalwaysuseitbeforeitgoesbad.Also,thewritingonfoodcontainerscanbehard60(understand).Insomecases,theproducersputadatethatshowswhenthefoodwillbebesttoeat.Sometimesthefoodisstillgoodforseveraldaysafterthedate,61peoplewillthrowitaway.Sofar,foodadministratorsintheUS_62_(ask)producerstolabeltheirproductsinawaythatismuch__63_(easy)forpeopletounderstand.Researcherssayfoodwasteisa__64_(grow)concernbecauseofthelargeamountoflandandenergyrequiredtoproducefood,raiseanimalsandpiantcrops.Iffoodwasteiscutdown,itmightbepossibletoreducetheimpactofitsproduction_65__theworld.第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节；句子翻译(共5句；每句3分，满分15分)技给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语，翻译下列句子。66-为了证明他是对的，他竭尽全力搜集证据。(prove;evidence)
667.圣诞节临近，人们忙着购买礼物、装饰圣诞树。(approach;decorate)68.受到教授的鼓舞，他最终成为了一名著名的工程师。(inspire;eventually)69.由于缺乏资金，这个项目己经被延期了。(lack;postpone)70.弹性工作时间使这位妈妈能够有更多的时间照顾孩子•(flexible;tend)
7第二节：应用文写作（满分25分）L介绍比赛信息；2.期待对方参与。注意：L词数80左右；2-可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。高一期末检测英语试题卷第12页（共12页）
8嘉兴市2020〜2021学年第二学期期末检测高一英语参考答案及评分标准（2021.6）一、听力（每小题1.5分，满分30分）1-5AACBC6-10BCABA11-15BCBCA16-20BBCAC二、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（每小题2.5分，满分25分）21-23CBA24-26BDC27-30CADB第二节（每小题2分，满分10分）31-35BFAEG三、语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）36-40CBADA41-45CAACB46-50CDBDB51-55DCADB第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）59.companies64.growing60.tounderstand65.on/upon56.goes57.a58.where61.but62.haveasked63.easier*注意：大小写错误属于不正确形式，不给分。四、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：句子翻译（每句3分，满分15分）（一）评分标准分值描述3运用所给的全部英语翻译；句子结构完整；意义表达清晰、无歧义；无语法错误。2.5/2运用所给的全部英语翻译；句子结构完整；有极少/少量语法错误，但不影响意思表达。1.5/1运用所给的全部英语翻译；句子结构基本完整；有一些/较多语法错误，影响意思表达。
90.5运用所给的部分英语翻译；句子结构不完整；有很多语法错误，严重影响意思表达。若没有用所给英语翻洋，属于没有按要求做题，即使翻译正确，只能得该档次分数。0句子结构不成立；语法错误太多，词不达意、不知所云；只抄写所给英语。(二)参考译句66.To/Inordertoprovehimright/hewasright,hetriedhisbest/wentallout/sparednoefforttogather/collectevidence.67.WithChristmasapproaching/AsChristmasapproachesAViththeapproachofChristinas,peoplearebusybuying/purchasingpresents/giftsanddecoratingChristmastrees.68.Inspiredbytheprofessor,lieeventuallybecameafamous/well-knownengineer69.For(a/the)lackoiTDueto(a/the)lackofmoney/funds,theprojecthasbeenpostponed.70.Aflexibleworkschedule/timetableallowsthemothermoretimetotend(to)herchild(ren).Flexibleworkinghoursgivethemothermoretimetotend(to)herchild(ren).第二节：应用文写作(满分25分)(-)评分原则1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6.如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。(-)各档次的给分范围和要求档次描述第五档(21—25)完全完成了试题规定的任务。一覆盖所有内容要点。一应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。一语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。一有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。
10第四档(16—20)完全完成了试题规定的任务。一虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。一应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。一语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。一应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的。
11第三档（11—15）基本完成了试题规定的任务。一虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。一应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。一有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。一应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档(6—10)未适当完成试题规定的任务。一漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。一语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。一有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。-较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺乏连贯性。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。第一档(1-5)未完成试题规定的任务。一明显漏掉主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。一语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。一较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。一缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。信息未能传达给读者。0未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。（三）该题具体要求1.内容要点：介绍比赛信息；期待对方参与。2.语法结构和词汇的应用：时态符合写作情景；使用与主题相关的词汇；能够使用恰当的语法结构。3.上下文的连贯性：按内容要点有逻辑展开；使用恰当的表达方式使内容连贯。（四）参考范文DearPeter;Knowingyou'reinterestedintheGreenCyclingtobehostedbyourschool,I'mwritingtoinformyouoftherelevantxkwinformation.Asanannualevent,it'saimedatadvocatinglow-carbontransportationandraisingpublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.ScheduledforJuly20th,theracewillstartfromourschool,followthemainroadsacrossthecityandfinishintheCityParkDuringtherace,basicsuppliesandmedicalcarewillbeprovided.Ihighlyexpectyourparticipationandexcellentperformance.
12Yours,LiHua
