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江苏省镇江市2022-2023学年高二第一学期期中考试英语试题（满分120）一、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（本题共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(A)WhenpublichealthofficialsstartedtellingAmericansthathandwashingisoneofthemostpowerfulweaponsagainstthespreadofthecoronavirus,TerenceLesterwondered,Whataboutthehomeless?Lesterhadbeenhomelesshimselfforatimeasateenager,andtodayherunsanonprofitinAtlantacalledLoveBeyondWallsthathelpsraisemoneyforandawarenessofhomelesspeople.Heknowsalltoowellthatinthebestoftimestheyareluckytofindapublicbathroomthatwillletthemintowashupoccasionally,nottomentionseveraltimesaday.Lester’sexperiencecreatingtemporaryshelterswithhisnonprofitledhimtoanotheridea:temporaryhandwashingstations,thekindyouseeatoutdoormusicfestivals.HementionedtheideatohisfriendLecraeMoore,aGrammy-winningChristianrapper,whoeagerlydonatedenoughmoneytobuy15ofthe$150washingstations.TheycalledtheirprojectLoveSinksIn.“Ifleadersinthiscountryareaskingpeopletowashtheirhands,wealsohavetoprovidethetoolstopeoplelivingonthemargins(边缘)ofsocietywhoaremorelikelytocatchandspreadthecoronavirus,”Lestersays.AfteritssuccessinAtlanta,thegroupsentsinkstoBirmingham,Alabama;Oakland,California;Columbus,Ohio;andAustin,Texas,whereapartnerorganizationinstalledthesinksinparksandotherpublicspaces,thankstoa$13,000grantfromGoogle.Inadditiontothestartupfunds,itcostsabout5500amonthtokeepeachsinkstockedwithsoapandcleanwater.OneAtlantahand-washer,Sam,madesurehisgratitudedidn’tgounnoticed.Heleftanoteonasinkthatsaid,“Thankyouallfornotforgettingaboutus.”()1.WhatinspiredTerenceLestertostarthandwashingstations?A.Publichealthofficials’instructions.B.TheOutbreakofthecoronavirus.C.Alackoftemporarysheltersforthehomeless.D.Hispreviousexperience.()2.Whichofthefollowingisrightabout“LoveSinksIn”?A.ItisrunbyLoveBeyondWalls.B.Googledonatedalargesumofmoneyforit.C.Onlypeoplelivingonthemarginsofcitycanuseit.D.Ithashelpedmanypeopleinfectedwithcoronavirus.()3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePleasureofGivingB.TemporarysheltersforthehomelessC.OneHandWashestheOthersD.Apowerfulweaponagainstcoronavirus(B)EnterNickSpigler'sroomandyou'llfindthedelicatenestofatreeswallowandrowsofbooksaboutbirds.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1Clearly,this16-year-oldboyhashisheadinthecloudsandhisfeetofftheground.Severaltimesaweek,EllieAndreen,15,visitsaparknearherhometocheckonherlittlefamily.Theboxessheplacedtherelastwinterhaveproducedseveralbabiesofbluebirds,whichElliefussesoverlikeamotherhen.Theseyoungbird-watchersarenottheonlyyoungsterswhoenjoybirdingintheUnitedState'scountyofHarford,Maryland.Localschoolsthereofferprogramsinornithology(鸟类学）,evenifsomekidscan'tyetspelltheword.BothNickandEllietookupbirdingearlyon.TheycallthemselvestheEarlyBirds,FeatheredFriendsorBirdBuddies.Onceamonth,theyjoingroupsof20to30studentstowalkthroughnearbyfieldsbeforeclassat7:30am,hopingtospotawoodpeckerororiole(黄鹏）withbinoculars.“Beingpartofthebirdclubsincesecondgrademadeitseemmorecommonthanjustsomestrangehobby,”Nicksaid."Ihadtogetupat6:30amforthewalks.Thatwasforthebirds,soIdidn'tmind."Sincethen,hehasattendedbirdcamps,studiedbirdhabitsandmigratorypatterns,andpersonallyseen190ofthemorethan400speciesinMaryland.Raisingyouthawarenessisamust,longtimebirderssay.MaryMurray,65,aleadingmemberoftheHarfordBirdClub,said,"ThesechildrenaregoingtoinheritEarth,andweneedtoteachthemearlyhowtotakecareofit.Birdsareanindicator(指示物）species,likecanaries(金丝雀）inacoalmine,andifkidspayattentiontowhatbirdsaredoing,theywillunderstandthehealthoftheirenvironment."()4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"fussesover"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Competeswith.B.Fightswith.C.Playswith.D.Givesattentionto.()5.Whatdoweknowaboutbird-watchinginHarfordCounty?A.Itisconsideredastrangebutcoolhobby.B.Itinterestsmorelocalyoungpeoplethanadults.C.Ornithologyclasseshavehelpedmakeitpopular.D.Studentsmustpassabird-watchingclassatschool.()6.WhatdoesMaryMurraythinkbirdingmeansforchildren?A.Itwillraisetheirawarenessofteamwork.B.Itwillhelpthemidentifymorebirdspecies.C.Itwillkeepthemincontactwithnature.D.Itwillimprovetheirunderstandingoftheirenvironment.()7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.BirdprotectionisinactionB.BirdstudyinMarylandC.HobbiesofEarlyBirdsD.EllieAndreen'sbluebirdboxes(C)Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean’s学科网（北京）股份有限公司
2appearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean’swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT’sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging.”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”()8.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.()9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.()10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.B.Dutkiewicz’smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.CPhytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.()11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.(D)Goodday,everybody…JusttwoweeksagoIsharedsomeofmythoughtsaboutthegreeneconomyinaneventorganisedbySciencesPoandEcoloEthikinParis.Inevitablymymainmessageswillberepeated,butIhopetheywillbestillfreshfor学科网（北京）股份有限公司
3suchayoungandfreshaudience.Youarefuturepolicymakers,leadersandactivemembersofoursociety.Ibelievethatyouhaveaveryimportantroletoplayinshapingthisworld,yourownfuture.On7thJunelastyearascientificarticleinthejournalNaturestatedthefollowing:“Todayconditionsareverydifferentbecauseglobal-scaleforcesincluding,butnotlimitedto,climatechange,haveemergedasadirectresultofhumanactivities.Humanpopulationgrowthandper-capitaconsumptionrateunderliealloftheotherpresentdriversforglobalchange”.Theworld’spopulationisincreasingbyabout140.000peopleperday.Injust30years-onegeneration-2billionpeoplemorewillsharetheplanet,whichismorethanthetotalamountofthepopulationontheplanetatthebeginningofthe20thCentury.Ontopofthat,injustover15yearsfromnow,therewillbeanadditional3billionmiddleclassconsumers,whichcorrespondstotwicethetotalpopulationatthebeginningofthepreviouscentury.Ofcourse,thisisgreatforthose3billionwhoselivingstandardswillrise,andforthebusinessesthatwillsucceedinprovidingforthosedemands,butthiswillputgreatstressonmanyresources.Wewillneedthreetimesmoreresources-140billiontonsannually-by2050.Thedemandforfood,feedandfiberisprojectedtoincreaseby70%.Toputitsimply:theworldhaschanged.Wearemoreinterconnectedandinterdependentthanever.Manychallenges,likeclimatechange,disappearingbiodiversity,scarceresources(likewater,landoroceans),potentialpandemics,poverty,globalsecurity…canonlybeaddressedifwejoinourforces.Lookingtothefuture,the“businessasusual”scenariosimplywillnotwork.Transitionfromourcurrentresourceintensivegrowthmodeltoaresourceefficientgrowthmodelisabsolutelynecessary.Itisactuallyinevitableforalloureconomies.Forthefirsttime,wehumans,areaffectingthebalanceofourplanet.Forthepasttwocenturieswehavereliedonaneconomicgrowthmodelbasedoncheapandabundantresources.Thisgreataccelerationhasbeenafantasticachievementofthegenerationsofhumansthathavesosuccessfullyovercomesomanyobstaclestobringsuchunimaginedhealthandprosperity.Butwecannotgoongrowingintheresource-intensivewaywedidinthepast;certainlynotonaglobalscale.Todaytherichest20%oftheworldconsumeabout60timesmorethanthepoorest20%.Justimaginethestressontheworld’sresourcesiftherestoftheworldwouldlivethesamewayaswedo.()12.Whichofthefollowingisthedirectcontributortoglobalchange?A.humanpopulationgrowthB.scarceresourcesC.humanactivitiesD.financialandeconomiccrisis()13.Thewriterusesmanyfiguresinthepassagesfourandfiveinorderto______.A.betterinformustheunbelievablegrowthoftheplanet’spopulationB.betteraddresstheglobalchallengeswhichweallfaceC.bettershowustheconsequencesofourglobalchangeD.betterexplaintheresultofhumanirresponsibleactivities()14.Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“obstacles”inthelastparagraph?A.standardsB.difficultiesC.resourcesD.successes()15.Thepurposeofthepassageis______.A.toadvocatearesourceefficientgrowthmodel学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4B.toraiseourawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionC.toexplaineffectivekeystoagreeneconomyD.tooffersomeadviceonhumandailyactivities第二节（本题共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisknowntousthateveryyearofhighschoolisatoughandbusytime.__16__Weallknowthatnotgettingenoughsleepisnotgoodforourhealth,butithasbeenfoundthatlesssleepcouldevencauseustohavefewerfriends.AccordingtoresearchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,peoplewhodon’tgetenoughsleeparelesswillingtosocializewithothers.__17__Theresearcherscarriedoutasmallstudy.Theytested18youngparticipantswhohadjusthadagoodnight’ssleep,andtestedthemagainafterasleeplessnight.__18__Wheneachpersononthevideogottoo“close”,theycouldchoosetostopthevideo.Theresultsshowedthattheparticipantskepteachpersonatadistanceof60percentfurtherbackiftheyhadn’tgottenenoughsleep.__19__Butwhentheparticipantsgotagoodnight’ssleep,theyallowedthepersontogetmuchclosertothem.AccordingtoleadresearcherMatthewWalker,thelesssleepyouget,thelessyouwanttosocializewithothers.Inturn,otherpeoplemaythinkyou’restrangeandstayawayfromyou.__20__Soifyouwanttobeamoresociableandpopularperson,sleepingwellmighthelp.“Onenightofgoodsleepmakesyoufeelmoreoutgoingandsociallyconfident,”Walkersaid.A.Theyaresimplytootiredtogoout.B.Toolittlesleepmakesusgetsickeasily.C.Youmayhavetroublegettingenoughsleep.D.Herearesometipstohelpyoubeatyoursleepproblems.E.Theyfeltthattheirpersonalspacewasbeingtakenover.F.Thiscanmakeyoufeellonelyandcauseyoutosleepevenless.G.Theparticipantswatchedvideosofpeoplewalkingtowardthem.二、语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasaten-year-oldgirlwholovedtosportsandbuildtreehousesinthewoods.Iwouldspendtimewithfriends—justasIdidonthenightmylife21.Mymotherand1weredrivinghomefromaparty.22afterskatingallnight,Ifellasleep.I23tofindmyselfinthehospital.Ihadaspinalcord(脊髓)injury,whichmeantI'dspendtherestofmylifeinawheelchair.Momhadsomebrokenbones,butthatwas24comparedwithwhatwouldhappentoher.Havingbeendrivingdrunk,shewas25tothreeyearsinprisonandlosther26rightstome.Iwasadoptedbyafamily—SueandChrisandtheirtwosons.Ihadto27havingtwobrothers,whichwas学科网（北京）股份有限公司
5differentformebecauseI'dneverhadabrother,28two.Sueencouragedmetotry29therapy(疗法)toseeifIcouldlearntowalkagain.ThoughIstruggledashardaspossible,itdidn't30.That's31IrealizedIhadtomakeachoice.Finally,Ifounda(n)32basketballteaminourarea.Itriedoutand33theteam!Weflytotournamentsindifferentstatesoverweekends.Gettinginvolvedinsomethingsofunnyandrewardingshowsmethatthingsarepossible,whateveryour34.Lifekeepschanging,butwehaveto35anyway—withorwithoutthepeoplewelove.21.A.worsenedB.changedC.pausedD.progressed22.A.ExcitedB.SatisfiedC.TiredD.Amazed23.A.cameB.happenedC.rememberedD.awoke24.A.meaninglessB.severeC.temporaryD.mild25.A.sentencedB.appliedC.limitedD.committed26.A.parentalB.financialC.civilD.individual27.A.livebyB.relyonC.adjusttoD.toywith28.A.regardlessofB.letaloneC.farfromD.ratherthan29.A.mentalB.physicalC.chemicalD.technical30.A.workB.matchC.matterD.heal31.A.whatB.howC.whenD.where32.A.beginnerB.adolescentC.adultD.wheelchair33.A.wonB.madeC.gotD.favored34.A.ageB.goalC.costD.situation35.A.goonB.standbyC.speedupD.reachout第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。KentuckyFriedChickenhaslaunchedanewthemedbranchinhonorofLeiFeng,alegendarysoldier36.(celebrate)inChinaforhis37.(self)andmodesty,inhishometownChangsha,Hunanprovince.TherestaurantopenedonSunday，twodaysbeforethe38.(office)remembrancedaymarkedacrossthecountryeveryyearonMarch539.peoplecelebratehisspiritsbyshowinggoodwillandgiving40.helpinghandtoothers.TherestaurantwillorganizeaseriesofactivitiesandalsocooperatewiththelocalLeiFengMemorialHallto41.(well)promoteLeiFeng’sspirits.42.theentrancetotherestaurantstandtwobigLei-likestatuesanditsinnerpart43.(decorate)withLei’scartoonportraitsandquotesfromhisdiary,withwordsfromhispoemsplayinginthebackground.HeMin,generalmanagerofKFCinHunanprovince,toldvoc.com.enthatinadditiontothethemedrestaurant,theywillalsolaunchaprojectdevotedtoLei’svirtuesin250outlets(门店)acrosstheprovince,including44.(provide)freedrinkingwaterandresting45.(place)forgateguards.三、写作（共两节，满分40分）学科网（北京）股份有限公司
6第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，从互联网((theInternet)上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括:1.自我介绍(包括英语能力);2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);3.希望获准。注意:1.数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;DearSir/Madam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Timrecentlygraduatedfromtheuniversityandwaslookingforajob.AftersearchingontheInternethefoundoutthatafamousonlinebusinesscompanyisrecruitinganewofficemanager.Manycandidatesappliedfortheentryexam,butonlyonewouldbeacceptedintheend.Timnoticedtheresumes(简历)ofothercandidatesandwassurprisedtoseethatsomeofthemheldaMaster’sDegreeorevenaDoctor'sDegree.ButTimwasonlyaBachelor,andbarelymetthelowestrequirementofthediploma.Timfeltabitfrustratedbecausehehadnoadvantageoverothercandidateswhowereexcellentstudents.Allthecandidatesenteredtheexamhallafterhandinguptheirresumes.Timscannedthroughthepagesofthetestpaperandfoundoutthatthequestionswereverydifficultforhim.Timtriedtocalmdownandfocusonthequestionsthemselvesinsteadoftheirdifficultylevel.Hestartedwiththeeasiestonesandmovedontothemoredifficultonesslowly.Thereweretwoinvigilators(监考人)inthehall,oneofthemwastallandthin,whiletheotherinvigilatorwasoftheopposite:hewasshortandfat.Theyseemedtobequiteconfidentaboutthehonestyofthecandidatesandwereabsent.Afterabout10minutes,oneoftheinvigilatorslefttoansweraphonecall.Theotherinvigilatorsoonwentouttoo.Theatmosphereintheexamhallchangedaftertheinvigilatorshadleft.Someofthecandidatestookoutnotesandbooks,someofthembroughttabletstosearchforanswers,andsomeevencalledothersforhelp.Timlookedback,andhesawthecandidatesittingbehindhimcheatingtoo.ThemanwinkedtoTim,asiftellinghimtocheatinthetestbecauseeveryonewasdoingsoTimshookhisheadandcontinueddoingthedifficultproblemsataslowpace.Inabouthalfanhour,theinvigilatorsreturnedtotheexamhall.Timstillhadonequestionleftblankattheend学科网（北京）股份有限公司
7ofthetest.Hewasalmostsurethathewasnotgoingtobeaccepted.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:ThetestresultwastoTim’ssurprise.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Timthenunderstoodeverythingthathadhappened.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案一、阅读理解50第一节1-3DBC4-7DCDA8-11BADC12-15BADB第二节16-20CAGEF二、语言运用30第一节21-25BCDDA26-30ACBBA31-35CDBDA第二节36.celebrated37.selflessness38.official39.when40.a41.better42.At43.isdecorated44.providing45.places三、写作（满分40分）略学科网（北京）股份有限公司
