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江苏省无锡市2022-2023学年高二第一学期期中考试英语试题（满分120）一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（本题共11小题;每小题2.5分,满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(A)WhenJaneAusten(1775-1817)wrotehernovelsinEngland,shewaswritingaboutaworldthatmostofuswouldnotrecognize.ButtodayAusten’sbooksareingreaterdemandthanever.Inthelasttenyears,fiveofhersixnovelshavebeenmadeintoHollywoodfilms,whileherbookscontinuetobebestsellers.RichardJenkyns,aprofessorofEnglishatOxfordUniversity,arguesthathernovelsstillappealtopeoplebecausetheyfocusonissuesthatareasrelevanttodayastheywerewhenshewrotethem.Hernovelsareaboutwomentryingtofindaperfecthusband,butalsoexploreissuessurroundingmarriage,friendshipandthefamily.“Theplotsarefairlytimelessstoriesabouthumaninteractionwhicharefamiliartous,”Jenkynssays.ThemostfamousbookAustenwroteisPrideandPrejudice,alovestorybetweenElizabethBennettandMr.Darcy.Atfirstthetwocharactersdonotgeton.Theyeventuallyfallinlovebutstillhavetoovercomeoppositiontotheirrelationshipfromtheirfamilies.AllofAusten’sbooksareeasytoread,makingthempopularwithchildrenandadults,buttheyworkondifferentlevelssopeoplecantakewhattheyneedfromthem，authorKateHenrysays.“Youcanchoosetoseethepoliticsandfeminism(男女平等)inthem,butifyoudon'twanttotakeonthoseissuesyoucanturnablindeyetothem,”shesays.AustenisrememberedasthegreatestromancewriterintheEnglishlanguagesoitissurprisingthatsheremainedunmarried.“Maybeshewastoomuchofaromantic,waitingfortheperfectman,”Henrysays.()1.AccordingtoRichardJenkyns,JaneAusten'sbookssellbestbecause.A.herbooksarehelpfulinkillingtimeB.shewasawriterfightingforfeminismC.herbooksreflectsocialrealityinsomewaysD.shewasaromanticandindependentnovelist()2.ThelanguageinJaneAusten’sbooksis.A.richinliterarytermsB.readilyunderstoodC.shortofadvancedexpressionsD.beyondcomprehension()3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.JaneAusten'slifeandherworks.B.DifferentcommentsonJaneAusten’sworks.C.JaneAusten’sfamousworkPrideandPrejudice.D.ThepopularityofJaneAusten'sworksandthereasons.(B)Friendshipisabovereason,for,thoughyoufindvirtues(美德)inafriend,hehasbeenyourfriendbeforeyou学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1findthem.Itisagiftthatweofferbecausewemust;togiveitastherewardofvirtuewouldbetosetapriceuponit,andthosewhodothathavenofriendshiptogive.Ifyouchooseyourfriendsonthegroundsthatyouarevirtuousandwantvirtuouscompany,youarenonearertotruefriendshipthanifyouchoosethemforcommercialreasons.Besides,whoareyouthatyoushouldbesettingapriceuponyourfriendship?Itisenoughforanymanthathehasthepowerofmakingfriends,andhemustleaveittothatpowertodeterminewhohisfriendsshallbe.For,thoughyoumaychoosethevirtuoustobeyourfriends,theymaynotchooseyou.Itcomes,likesleep,whenyouarenotthinkingaboutit;andyoushouldbegrateful,withoutanymisgiving,whenitcomes.Sonomanwhoknowswhatfriendshipiswillgiveupafriendbecauseheturnsouttobedisreputable(声名狼藉的).Hisonlyreasonforgivingupafriendisthathehasstoppedcaringforhim;and,whenthathappens,heshouldblamehimselfforthispoverty(缺乏)ofaffection,notthefriendforhavingprovedunworthy.Wehaveourjudgmentsandourpunishmentsaspartofthepoliticalmechanismthatisforceduponussothatwemaycontinuetolive;butfriendshipisnotfriendshipatallunlessitteachesusthatthesearenotpartofourreallife.Itisonlyinthewarmthoffriendshipthatweseehowcoldathingitistojudgeandhowstupidtotakeapleasureinjudging;forwerecognizethiswarmthasapositivegood,arichnessinournatures,whilethecoldnessthatsetsusjudgingisapoverty.Therearemenwhocannotbefriendsexceptwhentheyareunderanillusion(幻觉)thattheirfriendsareperfect,andwhentheillusionpassesthereisanendoftheirfriendship.Buttruefriendshiphasnoillusions,foritreachestothatpartofaman’snaturethatisbeyondhisimperfections,andindoingsoittakesallofthemforgranted.Amanisyourfriend,notbecauseofhissuperiorities(优越),butbecausethereissomethingopenfromyournaturetohis,awaythatisclosedbetweenyouandmostmen.—A.Clutton-Brock()4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardschoosingfriendsonthegroundsoftheirvirtues?A.Concerned.B.Uncertain.C.Disapproving.D.Supportive.()5.Accordingtotheauthor,youmaygiveupyourfriendonlywhenhe_____.A.becomesdisreputableB.showsnocareforyouC.blamesyoufornotcaringabouthimD.doessomethingbadandhurtsyourfeelings()6.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Thepoliticalmechanismplaysanimportantroleinourlife.B.Friendshipteachesustohaveapositiveattitudetowardslife.C.Friendshipcanturnustobekind-heartedpeople.D.Weshouldnotmakeajudgmentaboutothers.()7.Accordingtothelastparagraph,amanbecomesyourfriendmainlybecause_____.A.hegivesyoutheillusionofperfectionB.heacceptsyourimperfectionsC.heholdsanopenattitudetowardsyouD.heandyouunderstandeachother(C)Thereisnoplacelikehome—aslongasitisfarenoughaway,itseems.Britainhasbecomeanationofnomads（流浪者）,withnearlyhalfofuslivingmorethan100milesfromthe学科网（北京）股份有限公司
2townorvillagewherewegrewup,researchshows.ThetrendisbeingfuelledbytheInternet,bettercommunicationsandpropertywealth.Peoplewhomoveawayfitintofourseparatecategories—Sheep,Hens,CowsorPigs.Sheeparepeoplewhochangehomeforeconomicandemotionalpeace.Hensarehomeandenvironmentcare-seekers.Cowsarecareerorworkshifters,whilepigsarepeoplecaughtupingrandparentalsupport.ItisfarfromthecommonbelievedideaofCoronationStreets,whereclose-knitgenerationsofthesamefamilylivewithinafewstreetsofeachotherthroughouttheirlives.Less.Than20percentofpeoplenowliveinthetownwheretheywereborn.Instead,youngadultsmoveawaytofindwork,getmarriedorseekadventure.ManyusetheInternettoworkfromahomewhichneednotbewithineasytravelingdistanceoftheirworkplace.Alsojoiningthemovingcrowdareolderpeoplewhoeithermovetobeneargrandchildrenorretiretonewhomes.Oneintenofthosewhodomakeawaymakesacompletebreak,andnowlives500milesormorefromwheretheygrewup.Womenarelikelytoleaveasmen,asignofindependencethatwouldnothaveexcitedinthe1950sand60s.PeopleintheNorth-East,North-West,YorkshireandScotlandarethemostlikelytoliveinthecommunitywheretheywereborn,thestudyfound.()8.Accordingtotheresearchinthepassage,Britishpeopletendto________.A.becomemoreindependentwhenevertheygraduateorgrowupB.liveorworkfarawayfromwheretheywerebornorgrewupC.liveneartheirownhomesD.becomemoreclosetoeachother()9.Whichofthefollowingisnotareasonforthetrendmentionedinthetext?_________.A.ThewideuseofInternetB.ImprovedcommunicationsC.PeoplebecomingricherD.Morejobopportunities()10.Whoarenotlikelytomoveawayfromhome?___________.A.OlderpeopleB.WomenC.PeopleinScotlandD.Youngpeople()11.WhichofthefollowingcanberegardedasaCow?__________.A.ApersonwhochangesjoboftenB.ApersonwholeaveshomebecauseoffamilytroubleC.ApersonwhoretirestoanewhomeD.Apersonwhobreaksawayfromhishome第二节（本题共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Let’stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterandweneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirstywejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswithcleanwater.12Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.Thetruthisthatweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant,butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.13That’saroundonein10peopleintheworld.Ifwedrinkdirtywater,wecan学科网（北京）股份有限公司
3catchdiseasesfromthebacteriaandbecomeill.Everyyearover500,000childrendiefromdiarrhoea(腹泻)fromdirtywater.That’saround1,400childreneveryday!Also,insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.14Therefore,theydon’thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon’tgetaneducation.15Onthisdayeveryyear,countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.AtoneschoolintheUK,childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.16Peoplegivethemmoneytodothisandallthemoneyhelpsgetcleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.A.Weusewaterindirectlytoo.B.Everysysteminourbodydependsonwatertofunction.C.Itistoinspirepeopletolearnmoreaboutwater-relatedproblems.D.Ifchildrenwalkmanyhoursadaytogetwater,theycan’tgotoschool.E.In1993theUnitedNationsdecidedthatMarch22ndistheWorldDayforWater.F.Didyouknowthataround750millionpeopledonothavecleanwatertodrink?G.Inthisway,theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistancecarryingheavybottles.二、语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThenaturalwildernessoftheAntarcticisunderthreatbecauseoftheincreasingnumberoftourists.TheycometoAntarcticto___17___penguins,sealsandseabirds.Scientistsworrythatthis___18___toseetheAntarcticareawillonly___19___thesituation.Theybelievethatthe___20___intourismcouldincreasetherisktothemarineenvironmentandlandecosystems.Amajor___21___isthatcruiseships(游轮)areincreasinglyvisitingtheareaandiftherewasanaccident,theycouldcausemajor___22___.Forinstance,aNorwegiancruiseshiptouchedgroundonAntarctic’sDeceptionIsland,spillingfuel.___23___,theNorwegianshipwasice-strengthenedanditonlyspilledasmallamountoffuel.Iftheshipweren’t___24___enoughandusedheavyfueloil,itwouldbeverydifficultto___25___andthousandsofmarinelifecouldbecome___26___inoil.AsaresultoftheNorwegian___27___,therehavebeenseveral___28___fordealingwiththeproblem.Oneideaisthatthereshouldbea___29___onshipswhichhavenotbeenspeciallystrengthenedtodealwithsea___30___.Anotheristhatthereshouldbeabuddysystemforlargeshipssothatifonegetsinto___31___,therewouldalwaysbeanothernearby,whichitcould___32___help.Whateverthe___33___,itwouldbedifficulttotakeanyactionbecausetherearenointernationallaws___34___tourismpracticesintheAntarctic.___35___,shipownersdonotseemtobeableto___36___whatsortofchecksandcontrolsareneededintheregion.()17.A.huntB.preserveC.trainD.observe()18.A.curiosityB.courageC.competenceD.encouragement()19.A.displayB.changeC.addressD.worsen学科网（北京）股份有限公司
4()20.A.reformB.growthC.faithD.investment()21.A.conclusionB.promiseC.concernD.decision()22.A.pollutionB.stressC.conflictD.inconvenience()23.A.ObviouslyB.GenerallyC.SurprisinglyD.Fortunately()24.A.largeB.heavyC.strongD.luxury()25.A.cleanupB.giveupC.holdupD.buildup()26.A.boiledB.storedC.coatedD.burned()27.A.explorationB.accidentC.behaviorD.attitude()28.A.explanationsB.suggestionsC.arrangementsD.announcements()29.A.banB.claimC.commentD.debate()30.A.creaturesB.rocksC.waterD.ice()31.A.debtB.shapeC.positionD.trouble()32.A.lackforB.callforC.respondtoD.adjustto()33.A.benefitsB.purposesC.solutionsD.challenges()34.A.allowingB.governingC.requiringD.admitting()35.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Otherwise()36.A.agreeonB.focusonC.tryonD.catchon第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Weallknowthatforgivingyourselfandotherscanbringyoupeaceofmind.Recently,anewstudypublishedinthejournalPsychologyandHealth37.___________(find)thatforgivenessmayhelpyousleepwell,too.ResearchersledbyLutherCollegepsychologyprofessorLorenToussaint38.________(survey)nearly1,500Americanadultstorate(评估)howlikelytheyweretoforgiveboththemselvesfortheirownmistakesandothersforhurtingthem.Then,Toussaintandhisteamaskedtheparticipantsquiteafew39.___________(question)overtheirsleepquality,life40.________________(satisfy),andoverallphysicalhealth.Theirfindingsshowthatpeoplewhowereforgivingsleptmuch41._________(well)atnight,and,inturn,werehappierandhealthierthan42.__________whowenttobedinanger.Theresultsledtheresearchers42._____________(conclude)thatforgivenessofothersandself-forgivenessmayhelpcreatearestfulmentalstatethatsupportssoundsleep,44.___________isconnectedwithbetterhealth.Ofcourse,forgivingyourselforsomeoneelseisn’talwayseasy.AccordingtoKarenSwartz,adoctoroftheJohnsHopkinsHospital,itisaboutmorethanjustsayingthewords.“Itisanactiveprocessinwhichyoumakeadecisiontoletgoofnegativefeelings45._________thepersondeservesitornot,”Swartzexplains.So,nexttimeyoucan’tsleepatnight,whynotgiveforgiveness46.________try?It’scertainthatitcanmakeyoufeelbetterthenextday.第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据题意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词47.Wewilltakeyourrecentillnessintoc__________whenmarkingyourexams.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
548.Withcloning,ifyourpetdies,youcanhaveanewonethatlooksthesameastheo__________one.49.Themoviet__________heralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoasuperstar.50.SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe,manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivep__________fortheproductionofGMfoods.51.TwopeoplewerearrestedyesterdayataParisairportforbringinganimalsintoEuropefromSouthAmericai________52.TheeffortsoftheChinesegovernmentandpeopletoprotectthemuch-lovedriverwillbea__________（赞赏）foryearstocome.53.Therearestrict__________(安全)checksoneveryoneenteringtherailwaystation.54.Manypeoplethinkthateconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection_________(冲突)witheachother.55.Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheir_________________(责任)forthepollutedenvironment.56.Thereisgrowing__________________(焦虑)overlevelsofairpollutioninourcities.三、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客,发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括:1.到达时间;2.合适的礼物;3.餐桌礼仪。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearTerry,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ANarrowEscapeAfeelingofterrorcameoverten-year-oldChetRoscow.HehadbeenswimmingintheANarrowEscapeMatawanRiverbyhimself.Buthehadtheideathatsomeoneorsomethingwaswatchinghim.Andthenhesawalargegrayfin(鳍)slicingthroughthewaterlikeaknife.Whatwasthat?Coulditbeashark?学科网（北京）股份有限公司
6Thatwasimpossible!ElmHillswasmilesandmilesfromtheocean.Howcouldasharkfinditswayintothislittleriver?ButnowChetcouldseeitcomingtowardhim.ThesharkwasbiggerthanChethimself.Theblackeyesstaringupthroughthewater-killereyes.Chetdivedtowardtheshore,poundingthroughthewaterandkickingwithallhismight.Hisfeettouchedthebottom.Hewasrunningnow,lookingoverhisshoulder.Thesharkwasrightbehindhim,itshugejawswideopenanditswhiteteethshininginitsbloodedmouth.ThosekillereyesstaredatChet.Andthen,withaflickofitstail,thesharkpusheditselfbackwardintothewater,anddisappeareddowntheriver.Chetrosetohiskneesandthrewup.Whenhecouldstand,hesuddenlynoticedhisfiends,Sid,MontyandDewey,standingonthedock(码头).Beforehecouldstopthem,theyhaddivedintothewater."Getoutofthewater!"hescreamed."Getout!Getoutnow!"Hethundereddownthepathandontothedock."Youhavetogetout!There'sashark!""Youhearthat,Monty?"Sidsaid."There'sasharkintheriver!We'dbettergetout."Sidliftedhimselfuponthedockandtookarunningleapofftheedgeofthedock.HejumpedintotheriverwithsuchanenormoussplashthatChetgotthoroughlywet.MontyandDeweydivedinafterhim."Ohshaaaaaaa-rrrrrrrk!"Sidcalledthroughcuppedhands."Here,shark!Comeandgetus!"Theylaughed,andChetstoodthere,totallyhelpless.注意∶1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ButthenhenoticedSid,strangelystillintheriver.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Beforehehadachancetothink,Chetwasinthewater,leavingMontyandDeweyonthedock._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案一、阅读理解50第一节1-3CBD4-7CBDD8-11BDCA第二节12-16AFDEG二、语言运用30学科网（北京）股份有限公司
7第一节17-21DADBC22-26ADCAC27-31BBADD32-36BCBCA第二节37.hasfound38.surveyed39.questions40.satisfaction41.better42.those43.toconclude44.which45.whether46.a第三节47consideration48original49transformed50permission51illegally52appreciated/applauded53security/safety54conflict55responsibilities56anxiety三、写作（满分40分）略学科网（北京）股份有限公司
