维修电工技师论文

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1、广东省技师（高级技师）职务申请评审论文论文题目：数控机床伺服系统的故障分析及处理姓名：单位：原技术工种名称：维修电工拟申报级别：二级申报时间：2016年3月20日广东省人力资源和社会保障厅制数控机床伺服系统的故障分析及处理【摘要】随着加工制造的行业越来越广泛应用，意味着数控机床的应用就会越来越多，以前是采用模具来成形，但现在慢慢开始转变采用直接加工成装配品。伺服系统是联系数控系统和机床的中间环节，伺服系统的故障是数控机床中较为重要的故障。结合实际工作中数控机床的故障现象，介绍伺服系统最常见的故障类型;根据故障定位方法判断故障发生部位;通过伺服系统故障诊

2、断实例进行说明并提出处理办法。关键词:数控机床;伺服系统;故障分析1前言进给伺服系统是数控机床的重要组成部分。它的作用是:接受数控系统发出的进给位移和速度指令信号，由伺服驱动电路作一定的转换和放大后，经伺服驱动装置和机械传动机构，驱动机床的工作台、主轴头架等执行部件［1］进行工作进给或快速进给。进给伺服系统的性能直接决定了机床的加工精度、定位精度、运动速度等重要指标。因此，进给伺服系统故障是数控机床非常常见的故障之一。当数控机床进给伺服系统出现故障时，通常有三种表现方式:在CRT或操作面板上显示报警内容或报警信息;在进给伺服驱动单元上用报警灯或数码管显

3、示驱动单元［2］的故障;进给运动不正常，但无任何报警信息。1目录【摘要】···················································1【前言】···················································2【正文】···················································4一、常见故障及原因分析··································41．超程·····························

4、···················42．过载················································43．窜动12················································41．爬行················································52．振动················································53．伺服电机不转·····································

5、···54．位置误差············································65．漂移················································7一、故障分析···········································7三、故障诊断综合实例···································912四、结论···············································10【参考文献】··············

6、································11【正文】一、常见故障及原因分析数控机床进给伺服系统的常见故障有8种，如下所述:1超程超程一般分为硬超程与软超程。超程报警后，挡块撞击行程开关的是硬超程;未撞击，为软超程。超程报警机理:软限位(软超程):实际坐标大于软限位参数，发生软件报警。硬限位(硬超程):实际坐标大于硬限位行程，发生硬件报警。超程解除一般做法是，手动将机床沿超程的反方向退回，检查确定无危险时，按复位键重新启动，若警报依旧，则为软超程。2过载当进给运动的负载过大、频繁正反向运动及进给传动链润滑状态不良时，均会引起过载报

7、警。一般会在CRT上显示伺服电动机过载、过热或过流等报警信息。同时，在强电柜中的进给驱动单元上，用指示灯提示驱动单元过载、过电流等信息。123窜动在进给时出现窜动现象的原因:1)测速信号不稳定，如测速装置故障、测速反馈信号干扰等;2)速度控制信号不稳定或受到干扰;3)接线端子接触不良;4)进给传动链的反向间隙或伺服系统增益过大所致。4爬行发生在启动加速段或低速进给时，一般是由于进给传动链的润滑状态不良、伺服系统增益过低及外加负载过大等因素所致。尤其要注意的是:伺服电动机和滚珠丝杠连接用的联轴器，由于连接松动或联轴器本身的缺陷，如裂纹等，造成滚珠丝杠转动

8、和伺服电动机的转动不同步，从而使进给运动忽快忽慢，产生爬行现象。5振动机床振动周期是否与进给速