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英语中的句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语
1主语概念：句子说明的对象，动作的发出者。可做主语的有：1.名词e.g.Tomfinishedhishomework.Acomoutercan’tthinkforitself.
2可做主语的有：2.代词e.g.Iboughtsomepencils.Thisisabeautifulplace.3.动名词e.g.Smokingisbadtoyourhealth.
3可做主语的有：4.不定式e.g.Toseeistobelieve.注：动名词和不定式作主语，谓语动词应使用相应的三单形式。
4谓语概念：动作本身。可做谓语的有：1.实义动词e.g.Ieatbreakfastat7:00am.ShehatesJack.
5可做谓语的有：2.情态动词/助动词+v原e.g.JackwillbringaboxofChristmascandytome.3.系动词+表语e.g.Ifelttiredalldaylong.Youlookthesame.
6宾语概念：动作作用的对象，动作的承受者。可做宾语的有：1.名词e.g.Ilikethisbook.Sheborrowedacomputerfromthelibrary.
7可做宾语的有：2.代词e.g.Iwon’ttellyou.Jimmycandoanythingforhisbrother.3.数词e.g.Iwon’ttellyou.Jimmycandoanythingforhisbrother.
8可做宾语的有：4.数词e.g.-Howmanydesksdoyouneed?-Ineedfour.注意：双宾语指的是直接宾语和间接宾语。动作直接作用对象为直接宾语。e.g.Iboughtyousomeflowers.间接宾语直接宾语
9表语概念：说明主语的性质、状态、特征等。位于系动词后。可做表语的有：1.名词e.g.Sheismysister.常见系动词：be,look,smell,taste,feel,become,get,turn,等。
10可做表语的有：2.形容词e.g.Youarebeautiful.Ittastesgood.
11定语概念：用于修饰、限定、说明名词或代词。可做定语的有：1.形容词e.g.Sheisakindperson.Youwillneverfindsuchacarefulman.
12定语2.名词e.g.Youmustfindthatgirlstudent.ThewomanlawyeristhebestonethatIhaveeverseen.3.代词e.g.Didyounoticemybackpack.Thatgirliswaitingforhermother.
13定语4.数词e.g.Therearefivebooks.Ineedadoctor.
14状语概念：用于修饰、动词、形容词、副词或全句。可做状语的有：1.副词e.g.Shespeaksgentlytothesechildren.Ifyouwalksoslowly,youwillbelateforthemeeting.
15可做状语的有：2.介词短语e.g.TheystayedseveraldaysinBeijing.Ifirstcametothecollegeonthatday.3.不定式e.g.Toarriveontime,westartedearly.
16可做状语的有：4.分词e.g.Frightened,hesitstheresilently.Hewalkedalongtheriver,singing.5.with的复合结构e.g.Withthewindowopen,heslept.
17补语概念：对主语和宾语进行补充说明。具有鲜明的定语性功能或限制性描写，在句法上不可或缺。可做宾语的补语的有：1.形容词e.g.Ifoundtheclassroomempty.
18可做宾语的补语的有：2.名词e.g.Shetoldmeyoursecret.InamedmydogTommy.3.不定式e.g.Ourfatherdoesn’tallowustoplay.
19可做宾语的补语的有：4.副词e.g.Pleasecallthestudentsbackatonce.5.现在分词e.g.Wehearhimsinginginthehall.Ifoundhimlyinginthebed.
20可做宾语的补语的有：6.过去分词e.g.Hefoundhisfacereflectedinthewater.
21TestYourself请分析下列句子成分1.Tomisahandsomeboy.2.JackworkseverySunday.Tom主语；is系动词；ahandsomeboy表语；a和handsome作定语修饰boy.Jack主语；works谓语；everySunday状语。
223.Togetagoodjob,heworkshard.4.Iput2booksand3pencilsinmybackpack.He主语；works谓语；hard状语；togetagoodjob作目的状语；a和good修饰job.I主语；put谓语；inmybackpack地点状语；booksandpencils作宾语；2和3修饰books\pencils.
