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1、AustraliaThebasicgeneralsituationandsomenaturalfeaturesaboutAustraliaThegeographicallocationAustralia,officiallytheCommonwealthofAustralia,it'slocatedonthesouthernhemisphere,withanarearankssixthintheworld.Itisthelargestcountryamongoceancountries,butit'salsothemainlandoftheworld'ssmallestandtheonlya
2、nexclusiveonecontinent.ItistheeastPacificOcean,westIndianOcean,NeighboringcountriesincludeIndonesia,EastTimor,andPapuaNewGuineatothenorth,theSolomonIslands,Vanuatu,andNewCaledoniatothenorth-east,andNewZealandtothesouth-east.themajorislandwithanareaof7.69millionsquarekilometers,istheEarth’slargestis
3、landbutsmallestcontinent.Itstretchesabout3700kilometersfromnorthtosouthand4000kilometersfromeasttowest.Inarea,Australiaisthe6thlargestnationafterRussia,Canada,China,theUnitedStatesandBrazil.ItisabouttwicethesizeoftheEuropeanUnionorthetennationsthatmakeuptheAssociationofSoutheastAsianNations(ASEAN).
4、Itsoceanterritory-thethirdlargestintheworld—spansthreeoceansandcoversaround12millionsquarekilometers.ThecountryformandthepopulationForaround40,000yearsbeforeEuropeansettlementcommencedinthelate18thcentury,theAustralianmainlandandTasmaniawereinhabitedbyaround250individualnationsofindigenousAustralia
5、ns.Aftersporadic(偶发的，偶见的)visitsbyfishermenfromtheimmediatenorth,andEuropeandiscoverybyDutchexplorersin1606,theeasternhalfofAustraliawasclaimedbytheBritishin1770andinitiallysettledthroughpenal(与刑罚有关的)transportationtothecolonyofNewSouthWales,foundedon26January1788.duringthe19thcenturyanotherfivelarge
6、lyself-governingCrownColonieswereestablished.On1January1901,thesixcoloniesbecameafederation,andtheCommonwealthofAustraliawasformed.SinceFederation,AustraliahasmaintainedastableliberaldemocraticpoliticalsystemandremainsaCommonwealthrealm(王国).Democraticsocietywithaskilledworkforceandastrong,competiti
7、veeconomy.Theresponsibilityforgoverningthisvastcontinentissharedbetweenthreelevelsofgovernment—thefederal（联邦的）AustralianGovernment,thegovernmentsofthesixstatesandtwoterritories,andabout700localgovernmentaut
