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1、AustraliaTheCommonwealthofAustraliaThenameAustraliaderivedfromtheLatinaustralis,meaning"southern". Sincetheearly20thcentury,thecountryhasbeenreferredtoasAussieiscommoncolloquially,asanadjectiveandanounreferringtoanAustralian.Geography一.GEOGRAPHY1.Locationandsizeolocation:itstretchfrom10to
2、44southoflatitudeand113eastto154eastoflongitude.ItissurroundedbytheTasman[tæzmən]Sea(塔斯曼海(在澳大利亚和新西兰之间))andthePacificOceantotheeast,bytheIndianOceantothewest,bytheCoralSea(珊瑚海),theArafuraSea(阿拉弗拉海)andTimorSea(帝汶海)tothenorth,andtheSouthernIndianOceanandtheGreatAustralianBight(澳大利亚海湾)totheso
3、uth. thehighestpoint:MountKosciusko(科西阿斯克山峰)_(2,225metershigh)Area:-----7.7millionsquarekilometers -----Theworld'ssmallestcontinentandsixthlargestcountrybytotalarea,Australia–owingtoitssizeandisolationisoftendubbedthe'islandcontinentandvariablyconsideredtheworld'slargestisland. ----Austra
4、liahas34,218kilometersofcoastline(excludingalloffshoreislands)2.Geographicregions---TheEasternhighlands ---TheCentral-Easternlowlands ---TheWesternPlateau ---theoutbackusuallyrefertotheinteriorandthecenteroftheWesternPlateauanditsnorthernplains, ---theRedCenteranareawithred-brownandtansoi
5、lsintheheartofthecountry.theGreatWesternPlateau:avastuplandmadeofancientrock;alandratherflatandabout300metersabovesealevel,theinterioroftheplateaumadeupoftheGreatSandyDesert,theGibsonDesert,theGreatVictoriaDesertandtheNullarborPlai-----theEasternHighlands: -----theGreatDivingRange ***the
6、AustralianAlps,thehighestplateauinAustralia; ***MountKosciusko,thehighestpeakinAustralia, ***ThelongestriverinAustralia:theMurray(2,520km),formthemajorpartoftheboundarybetweenthestatesofNewSouthWalesandVictoriabeforeitenterstheseainSouthAustralia. -----thecentralLowlands:LakyEyreregarded
7、asAustralia'slargestlake.3.Climate---factorsthataffectAustralia'sclimate (1)ahotcontinent (2)adrycontinent (3)causesofthehotanddryclimate:----latitude:mostofAustralialiesbetween20to35south; ----Australiahasfewmountains; ----theairmassesthataffectAustraliaformostofth
