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1、POLICYBRIEFNo.1/2018BlockchainandTrade:NotaFixforBrexit,butCouldRevolutioniseGlobalValueChains(IfGovernmentsLetIt)byNicolasBotton,ResearchAssistantatECIPEINTRODUCTIONOneofthemosttone-deafsuggestionsintheBrexitproceedingssofarcameinAugust2017,whentheUKBrexitteam
2、releasedalong-awaitedpositionpapersettingoutitsproposalonhowtomanageitsborderwithIreland.Itsuggestedthat“technology-basedsolutions”–meaningblockchain,thetechnologybehindcryptocurrenciessuchasBitcoin–couldbeimple-mentedto“makeiteasiertocomplywithcustomsprocedure
3、s.”TheUK’svagueandmisguidedsolutionwasquicklyridiculedbyexpertsathome,aswellassea-sonedcounterpartsabroad.Althoughblockchaintechnologyhasnowbeenaroundfortenyears,ithasnotseenanymeaningfulimplementationinglobalsupply-chains,letalonewithincustomsoffices.Indeed,a“
4、seamlessandfrictionless”borderincompliancewithfundamentalcustomsprocedures–itselfaunicorn–cannotsimplybecodedintoexistenceonitsown.Inreality,ques-tionsofcapacityandtimeconstraintsmeanthattechnologicalsolutionsareactuallyunworkable.AlthoughBrexit’scustomspredica
5、mentscannotsimplybewishedawayviablockchain,theuseofsuchatechnology,ingeneral,wouldreducetradecosts,increasetransparency,safeguardagainstfraud,andoverallexpeditetradebyreducingcustomsclearancetimes.Whileblockchainisnotatechnologythatcouldreplaceaborder,itcouldcu
6、tcostsandstreamlineproceduresofanalreadywell-managedone,tothepointofmakingthemvirtually“frictionless”.However,whilethefinancialindustryandthetechindustryhaveshownpromiseintheirpro-posalsforusesofblockchain,progresshasbeenslow,andmajorsuccessstoriesareyettobesee
7、n.Thetechnologycomeswithcertainrisks,andcomprehensiveimplementationrequiressignificantresourcesandexpertise.Indeed,althoughthecommitmentsofglobaltechgiantsareencouraging,thelacklustreregulatoryresponsetotheadventofblockchainisstiflingitsgrowth,andpreventingfirm
8、sandgovernmentsalikefromreapingtheassociatedbenefits.Customsre-gimesaroundtheglobehavedonelittletopromotethetechnology,andfirmshaveconsequentlybeenslowtoadoptit.Thismaystrik