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1、X植物生态学报 2003,27(1)78～85ActaPhytoecologicaSinica黄河下游湿地芦苇形态变异研究1131111,2张淑萍 王仁卿 张治国 郭卫华 刘 建 宋百敏(1山东大学生命科学学院,济南 250100)(2胜利石油管理局教育处,山东东营 257000)摘 要 以水盐为主导生态因子,分析了黄河下游湿地芦苇(Phragmitesaustralis)种群形态变异的水平与格局。对基径、株高、叶长、叶宽、节间长、节间数和穗长7个形态特征在15个种群中的变异分析表明:种群内个体间形态差异极显著,7个形态特征在种群内的变异系数从大到小依次为节间长
2、(0.2846)、叶宽(0.2536)、穗长(0.2449)、叶长(0.2085)、基径(0.1875)、节间数(0.1763)、株高(0.1657);7个形态特征在种群间的变异度从大到小依次为株高、叶长、节间长、叶宽、基径、节间数、穗长,但种群间形态的显著差异主要存在于滨州种群(BZH)、淡水种群(ZHG、DPH、NYH,土壤总盐度<0.1%)、盐生种群(HS01、HS02、HS03、HS04、HS05、DWL、KD、GD、LZH、LJ、DLH,土壤总盐度>0.3%)之间,在来自相似生境的种群间形态差异普遍不显著;7个形态特征均与水盐联合影响因子显著相关;以形
3、态特征为基础的聚类分析将研究的15个种群分为显著不同的3类。因此,根据黄河下游湿地芦苇形态变异规律和分化特点,建议将该地区芦苇分为盐生芦苇、淡水芦苇、巨型芦苇3个形态类型。关键词 芦苇 形态变异 形态类型 水盐联合影响因子STUDYONMORPHOLOGICALVARIATIONOFPHRAGMITESAUSTRALISINTHEYELLOWRIVERDOWNSTREAMWETLAND11311ZHANGShu-PingWANGRen-QingZHANGZhi-GuoGUOWei-Hua12LIUJianandSONGBai-Min(1SchoolofLifeS
4、ciences,ShandongUniversity,Ji’nan250100,China)(2DepartmentofEducation,BureauofShengliOilField,Dongying,Shandong257000,China)AbstractInthispaper,thelevelandpatternofmorphologicalvariationofPhragmitesaustralisintheYellowRiverdownstreamwetlandhasbeenstudiedwhenwaterandsalinitywereconsid
5、eredasdominantecologicalfactors.Atotalof14populationsfromestuarytoinlandalongtheYellowRiverandonefreshwaterpopulationfromNanyangLakewereselectedforstudy.Thebasaldiameter,height,leaflengthandwidthinthemiddleofstem,internodelengthinthemiddleofstem,internodeamountsandpaniclelengthof30pl
6、antsfromeverypopulationwererecordedandanalyzed.ResultsshowedthatthedecreasingarrangementofCV(Coefficientofvariation)withinpopulationof7morphologicalcharacterswasfrominternodelengthinthemiddleofstem(0.2846),leafwidthinthemiddleofstem(0.2536),paniclelength(0.2449),leaflengthinthemiddle
7、ofstem(0.2085),basaldiameter(0.1875),internodeamounts(0.1763)toheight(0.1657).Thevari2abilityof7morphologicalcharactersamongpopulationswasarrangeddecreasinglyfromheight,leaflengthinthemiddleofstem,internodelengthinthemiddleofstem,leafwidthinthemiddleofstem,basaldiameter,internodeamou
8、ntstopanicle
