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1、穩態抽水後之水位回升研究Astudyforwaterlevelrecoveryaftersteady-statepumping國立交通大學環境工程研究所博士班研究生教授王智澤葉弘德Chih-TseWangHund-DerYeh摘要回水試驗是先記錄抽水試驗結束後的井水位回升變化，接著利用水位回升紀錄降推估含水層的導水係數與儲水係數，這個分析結果可用來查核抽水試驗的分析結果。如果抽水試驗是在一個有限邊界的受限含水層中進行，則當洩降錐外緣到達此邊界時，含水層洩降即可以穩態的Thiem方程式來描述。過去分析水位回升的方法，是基於Theis方程式與疊加原理，因此不能
2、分析穩態洩降的回水數據。本研究利用Glover(1977)的回水洩降解，來描述初始條件是Thiem方程式的水位回升變化，並與結合Thiem方程式與Theis方程式的Theis型式水位回升解比較。數值計算的結果顯示，在回水試驗初期或有限邊界較遠時，水位回升可用計算簡易的Theis型式水位回升解來近似。關鍵字：回水試驗，抽水試驗，穩態，洩降，地下水AbstractArecoverytestistomeasuretheresidualdrawdown,whichistherecoveryofwellwaterlevelaftertheshutdownofpump
3、ing,andanalyzetherecoveredwaterlevel(orcalledresidualdrawdown)forestimatingtheaquiferparameterssuchastransmissivityandstorativity.Withconsideringapumpingtestinfiniteconfinedaquifer,thedrawdwondistributioncanbedescribedbyThiemequationifthedrawdwonconereachesaconstant-headboundary.I
4、nthepast,themethodologyoftherecoverydataanalysisisbasedontheTheisequationassociatedwithsuperpositionprincipleandthuscannotanalyzetheresidualdrawdownbasedontheThiemequation.Inthispaper,weexaminearesidualdrawdownsolutiongivenbyGlover(1977)todescribetherecoveredwaterlevelafterasteady
5、-statepumpingdrawdown.TheresultshowsthatGlover’sresidualdrawdowncanbeapproximatedbyclassicalTheistypesolution,whichiscomposedoftheThiemequationandTheisequationwhentherecoverytimeissmall.Keywords:recoverytest,pumpingtest,steadystate,drawdown,groundwater2811.IntroductionUsually,pump
6、ingtestandrelateddataanalysisareemployedtoestimatetheaquiferparameterssuchastransmissivityandstorativity.Asteady-statedrawdowndistributionmayoccurafterareasonablylargepumpingtimeifthedrawdownbeyondafinitedistancefromthetestwelliszero.Ingeneral,thezero-drawdownboundaryplaysaroleins
7、upplyingwateriftheheadofadjacentareaisloweredthanthezerodrawdown.Commonly,azerodrawdownislocatedattheboundaryofawaterbodylikesariver,lake,orreservoir.Afterthestopofpumping,thewelldrawdownwillrecovergraduallyandisthuscalledasresidualdrawdown.Theanalysisofrecoverydatacanprovideanind
8、ependentcheckforaquiferparameters
