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1、RobertNozickKnowledgefactispartofthemuseofhisklief,stillhedmnotknowthatitisme.ConditionsforhowfedgaLetusconsideradiSferentthirdcondition:(3)Ifpweren'ttrue,Swouldn'tbelievethatP.OurtaskistoformulatefurtherconditionstogoalongsideThroughoutthiswork,letuswritet
2、hesubjunctive'5f-thenl%yanarrow,andthenegationofasent-(1)pistrueencebyprefacing"not-"toit.Theabovecandi-(2)Sbelievesthatp.tianthusisrewrittenas:Wewouldlikeeachconditiontobenecessaryfor(3)not+tnot-(Sbelievesthatp).knowledge,soanymethatfailstosa&iyitwillnotbe
3、aninstanceofknowledge.Furthermore,weThissubjunctiveconditionisnotunrelatedtothewouldliketheconditionstobejointlysufficientcausalcondition.Oftenwhenrhkfactthatp(par-forknowledge,soanycaethatsatisfiesallofthemtially)musessomeonetobelievethatp,thefactwillbeani
4、nstanceofknowledge.WefirstshallalsowillbecausallynecessaryforhishavingtheformulateconditionsthatseemtohandleordinarybeSicf-withoutthecause,theeffectwouldnotcasesnorrectly,classifyingasknowledgecasesoccur.Inthatwe,thesubjunctivecondition3alsowhichareknowledg
5、e,andasnonknowledgemmwillbesatisfied.Yetthiscondirion.isnotequiva-whicharenot;thenweshallchidtoseehewtheselenttothe.ausalcondition.Forthecausalcondi-conditionshandlesomedifficultcasesdiscussedintionwillbemtisfiedincasesofcausaltheliterature."overdeterminati
6、on,whereeithertwosufficientThemu-lconditiononkwwledge,previouslymusesoftheeffectactuallyoperate,oraback-upmentioned,providesaninhospitableenvironmentcause(ofthcmcefkct)wouldoperateifthefirstformathematidanderhicalknowledge;alsothereonedidn't;whereasthesubju
7、nctiveconditionneedarewell-knowndifficultiesinspecifyingthe&penotholdforthesectse~.~Whenthetwoconditionsofcausalconnection.~Fsomeonefloaringinarinkdoapree,causalityindicatesknowledgebecauseitoblivioustoeverythingaroundhimisgiven(byactsinamannerthatmakesthes
8、ubjunctive3true.directelectricalandchemicalstimulationoftheThesubjunctivecondition3servatoexciudebrain)thebeliefthzt-lie-isfloatinginatankwithcasesofthesortfirstdescribedbyE3wardGettier,hisbrainbeingst
