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1、ht.J.Pm.Vs.&Piprng71(1997)93-10601997ElsevierScienceLimited.AllrightsreservedPrintedinNorthernIrelandELSEVIERPII:SO308-0161(96)00071-30308~0161/97/$17.00Lowerboundlimitloadsusingvariationalconcepts:them,-methodR.Seshadri&S.P.MangalaramananFacultyofEngineeringandAppliedScience,MemorialUniv
2、ersityofNewfoundland,StJohn’s,Canada(Acceptedforpublication10October1996)Inlimitanalysis,staticallyadmissiblestressfieldscannotlieoutsidethehypersurfaceoftheyieldcriterion,andthestressfieldscalculatedbykinematicallyadmissiblevelocityfieldsshouldbeonthehypersurface.Onthebasisofavariational
3、formulation,Muraandhiscoworkershavereplacedsucharequirementbyintroducingtheconceptof‘integralmeanofyield’.Themethodinitspresentform,however,leadstolowerboundlimitloadsthatarenobetterthantheclassicalmethod.Inthema-methodoflowerboundlimitloaddeterminationpresentedhere,astaticallyadmissiblem
4、ultiplier,m,,isdeterminedonthebasisoftwolinearelasticfiniteelementanalyses.Theconceptofreferencevolumewhichisintroducedinconjunctionwiththetheoremofnestingsurfaces,enablesthedeterminationofgoodlowerandupperboundsonlimitloads.Themethodisappliedtoanumberofpracticalpressurecomponentconfigura
5、tions,suchascylinder,nozzle-sphereintersec-tion,torisphericalheadsandnon-symmetricplatesandtheresultsarecomparedwiththoseobtainedbyinelasticfiniteelementanalyses.01997ElsevierScienceLtd.NOMENCLATUREcorrespondingtoanappliedloadPB,nCreepparametersforsecondWZ”basedonthereferencestagepowerlaw
6、creepvolumeDiameteroftorisphericalheadnl’Lowerboundmultipliercor-vonMisesyieldfunctionrespondingtoanappliedloadF(.$,a”,rd’,/Au,4”)FunctionalassociatedwithPMura’sformulationrnkm’basedonthereferenceHHeightofatorisphericalheadvolumeIterationnumbercorrespond-Proposedlowerboundmulti-ingtoaseto
7、flinearelasticpliercorrespondingtoanfiniteelementanalyses,ten-appliedloadPsorialindexPlasticmomentofindetermin-kYieldstressofamaterialinatebeampureshearNTotalnumberofelementsinaLLengthoftheindeterminatediscretizedcomponentorbeamstructureLSRadiusofcurvatureofthePAppl
