welding defects外语英文电子书

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1、9.WeldingDefects9.WeldingDefects108Figures9.1to9.4givearoughsurveyabouttheclassificationofweldingdefectstoDIN8524.Thisstandarddoesnotclassifyexistingweldingdefectsaccordingtotheiroriginbutonlytotheirappearance.intheunaffectedbasemetalundercut,unfusedlongitudinallongitudinalcrackinweldmetalc

2、ontinuousseamedgeundercutintheHAZinfusionzoneintheunaffectedbasemetaltransversecrackinweldmetalendcraterwithreductionopenofweldcrosssectionintheHAZendcraterintheunaffectedstarshapedbasemetalinweldmetalcracknominalintheHAZweldreinforcementglobulargasinclusionporenominaltoosmallthroatthicknes

3、sporositymany,mainlyevenlydistributedsurfacedefectsatastartpointporesstartdefectsnestofporeslocallyrepeatedporesweldistoowideexcessiveseamwidthlineofporesporesarrangedinalinethrough-goingholeburnthroughinorattheedgeoftheseamwormholeelongatedgasinclusioninwelddirectionbr-er09-01.cdr©ISF2002b

4、r-er09-02.cdr©ISF2002DefectClass:DefectClass:ShapeDefectsCracksandCavitiesFigure9.1Figure9.2lackoffusionbetweenpasseslackoffusionbetweenweldpassesorweldbeadsrootlackoffusionlackoffusionintheareaofweldrootflanklackoffusionlackoffusionbetweenweldandbasemetalinsufficientthroughweldinsufficient

5、lyweldedcrosssectioninsufficientlyweldedrootoneortwolongitudinaledgesofthegrooveareunfusedbr-er-09-03.cdr©ISF2002DefectClass:LackofFusion,InsufficientThrough-WeldFigure9.39.WeldingDefects109AdistinctionofarisingdefectsbytheiroriginisshowninFigure9.5.Thedevelopmentofthemostimportantweldingde

6、fectsisexplainedinthefollowingparagraphs.Lackoffusionisdefinedstringertypeinclusionsasunfusedareabetweenslaglinedifferentshapesanddirectionsweldmetalandbasemate-rialorpreviouslyweldedsinglelayer.Thishappenswhenslaginclusionsirregularslaginclusionsthebasemetalorthepre-viouslayerarenotcom-por

7、enestpletelyorinsufficientlylocallyenrichedmolten.Figure9.6explainsbr-er-09-04.cdr©ISF2002theinfluenceofweldingDefectClass:SolidInclusionsparametersonthedevel-opmentoflackoffusion.InFigure9.4theupperpart,arccharac-teristiclinesofMAGweld-weldingjointdefec