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1、FatigueAnalysisofBoltedandWeldedJointsPracticalExperienceinTypeCertificationofWindTurbinesThomasFrese,PeterDalhoffGermanischerLloydWindEnergieGmbH,Hamburg,GermanySummary:Thescopeofthispapercoversthefatigueassessmentforboltedandweldedjointsbasedonstructuralanalysisbythefiniteel
2、ementmethod.Proceduresandexamplesinthisarticlehavetheirorigininthetypecertificationofwindturbines.Thefollowingtopicsaredealtwithinthispaper-Loadsandloadspectra-Principlebehaviourofpre-stressedboltconnections-Linaerandnon-linearFE-models-ComparisonofdifferentS/N-curvesforhighst
3、rengthbolts-Fatigueanalysisofweldedstructuresbasedonnominalstressapproach,structuralstressapproachandeffectivenotchstressapproachKeywords:FatigueStrength,BoltedJoints,Pre-StressedConnections,WeldedJoints,WindEnergyNAFEMSSeminar:November8-9,2000FatigueAnalysis1Wiesbaden,Germany
4、AbstractComponentsofwindenergyconversionstructuresarecharacterisedbyarelativelycomplexgeometry,showingalargevarietyinshapeandplatethickness.Theseparticularsmakethefatiguestrengthassessmentratherdifficult,especiallyifthecommonnominalstressapproachbasedonstandardnotchcasesisappl
5、ied.Localapproachescanhelpovercomethesedifficulties.Thehot-spotorstructuralstressapproachisparticularlywellsuitedinviewofthelargenumberofdifferentdetails,especiallyofweldedstructuralcomponentsandtheshorttimeavailableforstructuraldesign.Forboltedconnectionsnominalstressapproach
6、isfavourablewhereasacorrectconsiderationoftheclampedpartsandtheeccentricforceattackisofvitalimportance.Withregardtopracticalapplication,twoweldeddetailshavebeeninvestigatedconcerningthenumericalevaluationofhot-spotstressesandtheirassessmentwithrespecttofatiguestrength.Furtherm
7、oreapracticalapproachfortheinvestigationofboltedconnectionsisgiven.Theinvestigationsmaybeusedforageneralapplicationofthehot-spotstressapproachinstructuraldesign,beingadvantageousparticularlyinthosecases,wherenoexperienceisexistingorwherestructuraldetailsareoptimisedwithrespect
8、tofatiguestrength.1IntroductionThestructureofwindturbinesissu
