general linguistics an introductory survey. r. h. robins 1964英文电子图书

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1、GeneralLinguisticsANINTRODUCTORYSURVEYINDIANAUNIVERSITYSTUDIESINTHEHISTORYANDTHEORYOFLINGUISTICSEDITORIALCOMMITTEETHOMASA.SEBEOK,ChairmanIndianaUniversityCHARLESA.FERGUSONCenterforAppliedLinguisticsoftheModernLanguageAssociationERICP.HAMPUniversityofChicagoDELLH.HYMESUniversityofPennsylvaniaJOHNLOT

2、ZColumbiaUniversityGeneralLinguisticsANINTRODUCTORYSURVEYbyR.H.RobinsINDIANAUNIVERSITYPRESSBLOOMINGTONCopyright©1964byR.H.RobinsFirstpublishedintheUnitedStates1965LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber65-21146ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaContentsPREFACExiiiSYSTEMOFREFERENCExviiTRANSCRIPTIONSAN

3、DABBREVIATIONSxxiI·GENERALLINGUISTICS:THESCOPEOFTHE,SUBJECT11'1GENERALLINGUISTICSASTHESTUDYOFLANGUAGE1I.I.ILanguageandlanguages1I.I.2Descriptive,historical,andcomparativelinguistics4I.I.3Thetermphilology.6I·2LINGUISTICSASASCIENCE,7I-2-IImplicationsofthetermscience71-2'2Practicalapplications101-3THE

4、RANGEOFGENERALLINGUISTICS11I-3-ILevelsofanalysis11I-3-2Languageandsymbolsystems13I-3-3'Theoriginoflanguage'15I-3-4Phonetics,phonology,grammar,semantics17vCONTENTS1-4SEMANTICS201-4-1Philosophicaland.linguisticinterestinmeaning20l'4'2Wordmeaning211-4-3Contextofsituation26I-4.4Translation28GENERALBIBL

5、IOGRAPHY32BIBLIOGRAPHYFORCHAPTER137NOTESTOCHAPTERI402'THEORETICALANDMETHODOLOGICALCONSIDERATIONS442·1ABSTRACTIONS442-I.IThestatusoflinguisticabstractions442'I.2Structurallinguistics:syntagmaticandparadigmaticrelations472-2DIALECT,IDIOLECT,STYLE502-2-1Dialectsassubdivisionsoflanguages502-2'2Dialectm

6、apping:isoglosses532.2'3Classdialectsand,'standardlanguages'562·2'4Criteriafordeterminingdialectstatus582-2-5Linguistictendenciesaffectingdialectaldivisions602-3GENERALANDPARTICULAR632-4THESTRUCTURALTREATMENTOFLINGUISTICMEANING662'4'IThedistributionalanalysisofmeaning662'4'2Collocation672·4'3Semant

7、icfieldtheory70BIBLIOGRAPHYFORCHAPTER275NOTESTOCHAPTER2783'PHONETICS823'1ARTICULATORYPHONETICS823'1.1Thespokenfoundationoflanguage82viCONTENTS3.I·2Primacyojarticulatoryphonetics833.I.3Thephysiologicalbasiso