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1、LabourEconomics10(2003)573–596www.elsevier.com/locate/econbaseTheeffectofstatematernityleavelegislationandthe1993FamilyandMedicalLeaveActonemploymentandwagesCharlesL.BaumII*EconomicsandFinanceDepartment,MiddleTennesseeStateUniversity,Box27,Murfreesboro,TN37132,USAReceived10Octob
2、er2002;receivedinrevisedform5February2003;accepted10March2003AbstractIn1993,PresidentClintonsignedtheFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct(FMLA).Similartothe12statesthatalreadyhadmaternityleavemandates,theFMLAguarantees12weeksofunpaidleaveforeligiblemothers.Ievaluatetheeffectsofmaternityleav
3、elegislationonemploymentandwages,takingadvantageofvariationcreatedbystatelegislationandtheFMLA.Myresultsshowthatmaternityleavelegislationhassmallandstatisticallyinsignificanteffectsonemploymentandwages.Maternityleavelegislationmayhavelittleeffectbecausethemandatedleaveisshortand
4、unpaidandmanyemployersprovidedmaternityleavebenefitspriortothestatutes.D2003ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.JELclassification:J1;J2;J3Keywords:Maternityleave;Governmentmandates;FamilyandMedicalLeaveAct1.IntroductionIn1993,thefederalgovernmentpassedandPresidentClintonsignedt
5、heFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct(FMLA),whichallowseligiblemothers12weeksofunpaidleaveaftergivingbirthandrequiresemployerstogivemothersonleavetheiroldjobsback.Thoughtheleaveisunpaid,employersarerequiredtocontinueprovidinghealthinsurancecoverage.Amotheriseligiblefortheleaveifshehasworke
6、dforher*Tel.:+1-615-898-2527;fax:+1-615-898-5596.E-mailaddress:cbaum@mtsu.edu(C.L.Baum).0927-5371/03/$-seefrontmatterD2003ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.doi:10.1016/S0927-5371(03)00037-X574C.L.BaumII/LabourEconomics10(2003)573–596employerforatleast1yearandifshehasaccumulat
7、ed1250workhduringthatyear.Inorderforanemployertobecoveredbythemandates,theemployermustbe‘‘large’’,employingatleast50employees.PriortotheFMLA,12statesandtheDistrictofColumbiapassedtheirownpiecesoflegislationguaranteeingmaternityleavefromwork.SimilartotheFMLA,thesematernityleavepr
8、ovisionsmandatethatcoveredemployersprovideaperi