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1、CarbohydratePolymers87(2012)951–962ContentslistsavailableatSciVerseScienceDirectCarbohydratePolymersjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/carbpolReviewMicrobialexopolysaccharides:Mainexamplesofsynthesis,excretion,geneticsandextractionF.a,b,∗aaaDonot,A.Fontana,J.C.Bacc
2、ou,S.Schorr-GalindoaUMRQualisud(CIRAD,UniversitéMontpellierII,UM1,SupAgro),PlaceE.Bataillon,34095MontpellierCedex5,FrancebTotalPetrochemicalsFrance,PôleRechercheetDéveloppementMont/Lacq,64170Lacq,FrancearticleinfoabstractArticlehistory:Exopolysaccharides(EPSs)producedby
3、microorganismsrepresentanindustriallyuntappedmarket.−1Received5May2011Somemicroorganismscanproduceandexcreteover40gLofEPSinsimplebutcostlyproductionReceivedinrevisedform18August2011conditions.Accepted24August2011Availableonline31August2011Approximatelythirtystrainsofeuk
4、aryoticandprokaryoticmicroorganismsarenotablefortheirEPSproduction.EPSsareproducedinresponsetobioticandabioticstressfactorsand/ortoadapttoanextremeenvironment.Keywords:ThemainfunctionofEPSsistoaidinprotectionagainstenvironmentalpressures.Heteropolysaccharidesandsomehomo
5、polysaccharidesaresynthesisedinmicrobialcellsandthenExopolysaccharidessecretedMicroorganismsintotheextracellularenvironment.Morecurrently,homopolysaccharidesynthesisoccursout-sideSynthesisofthecellsafterspecificenzymesareexuded.AlthoughExcretionnaturalsecretorymechanisms
6、existinmicroorganisms,itisoftennecessarytoresorttophysicalorchemicalextractionmethodstoimprovetheyieldofEPSsatanindustriallevel.IndustrialprocessInlightofgrowinginterest,ourbasicunderstandingofmicrobialEPSsneedstobeimproved.©2011ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.Contents1.I
7、ntroduction..........................................................................................................................................9512.EPSsofmicrobialoriginandtheirphysiologicalroles.....................................................................
8、..........................9523.Biosynthesis,exudationandgenetics..............................................
