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1、Computational&MathematicalOrganizationTheory2:2(1996):115-138©1996KluwerAcademicPublishers,ManufacturedintheNetherlandsObjectOrientedModelingOfSocialNetworksEVELIENRH.ZEGGEL1NKe.p.h.zeggelink@ppsw,rug.nlREINIERVANOOSTENrvoosten@pop.pi.netFRANSN.STOKMANfn.stokrnan@p
2、psw,rug.nlInteruniversityCenterforSocialScienceTheoryandMethodology(ICS),UniversityofGroningen,TheNetherlandsAbstractTheaimofthispaperistoexplainprinciplesofobjectorientedmodelinginthescopeofmodelingdynamicsocialnetworks.Assuch,theapproachofobjectorientedmodelingis
3、advocatedwithinthefieldoforganizationalresearchthatfocusesonnetworks.Weprovideabriefintroductionintothefieldofsocialnetworksandpresentanoverviewofexistingnetworkmodelsandmethods.Subsequentlyweintroduceanelementaryproblemfieldinthesocialsciencesingeneral,andinstudie
4、soforganizationalchangeanddesigninparticular:themicro-macrolink.Wearguethatthemostappro-priatewaytohandlethisproblemistheprincipleofmethodologicalindividualism.Forsocialnetworkanalysis,tocontributetothistheoreticalperspective,itshouldincludeanindividualchoicemechan
5、ismandbecomemoredynamicallyoriented.Subsequently,objectorientedmodelingisadvocatedasatooltomeettheserequirementsforsocialnetworkanalysis.Weshowthatcharacteristicsofsocialsystemsthatareemphasizedinthemethodologicalindividualisticapproachhavetheirdirectequivalencesin
6、objectorientedmodels.Thelinkbetweenthemicrolevelwhereactorsact,andthemacrolevelwherephenomenaoccurasaconsequenceandcauseoftheseactions,canbemodelledinastraightforwardway.Keywords:socialnetworks,objectedorientedmodeling,dynamics1IntroductionSocialnetworksplayanimpor
7、tantroleinexplainingsocialphenomena.Asocialnetworkconsistsofasetofunitsandtherelationshipsamongthem.Theunitsareusuallycalledtheactorsandcanbepersons,groupsofpersons,organizations,nations,andsoforth.Therelationshipsamongtheunitsvaryfromfriendshiptoadvice-seeking,fro
8、mkinshiptoinflu-ence,andfromcommunicationtomembership,tomentiononlyafew.Assuch,thenetworkstructuresmaysummarizepolitical,economic,behavioral,ands
